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Sylla B, Jost G, Lavoie S, Legault J, Gauthier C, Pichette A. Synthesis and cytotoxicity evaluation of d- and l-sugar-containing mono- and bidesmosidic ursane-type saponins. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 106:117737. [PMID: 38718553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Ursolic acid and uvaol are naturally occurring triterpenoids that exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, including cytotoxicity. However, a primary challenge in the development of ursane-type pentacyclic triterpenoids for pharmacological use is their poor aqueous solubility, which can impede their effectiveness as therapeutics agents. In this study, we present the facile synthesis of ursolic acid monodesmosides and uvaol bidesmosides, incorporating naturally occurring and water-soluble pentoses and deoxyhexose sugar moieties of opposite d- and l-configurations at the C3 or C3/C28 positions of the ursane core. The twenty synthetic saponins were evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxicity against lung carcinoma (A549) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (DLD-1) cell lines. Notably, all the bidesmosidic uvaol saponins were shown to be cytotoxic as compared to their non-cytotoxic parent triterpenoid. For each series of ursane-type saponins, the most active compounds were 3-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl ursolic acid (3h) and 3,28-di-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl uvaol (4f), showing IC50 values in the low micromolar range against A549 and DLD-1 cancer lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balla Sylla
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB), Laboratoire LASEVE, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555, boulevard de l'Université, Chicoutimi, Québec G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Gilles Jost
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB), Laboratoire LASEVE, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555, boulevard de l'Université, Chicoutimi, Québec G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Serge Lavoie
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB), Laboratoire LASEVE, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555, boulevard de l'Université, Chicoutimi, Québec G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Jean Legault
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB), Laboratoire LASEVE, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555, boulevard de l'Université, Chicoutimi, Québec G7H 2B1, Canada; Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) INRS-UQAC, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Chicoutimi & Laval, Québec G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Charles Gauthier
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB), Laboratoire LASEVE, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555, boulevard de l'Université, Chicoutimi, Québec G7H 2B1, Canada; Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) INRS-UQAC, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Chicoutimi & Laval, Québec G7H 2B1, Canada.
| | - André Pichette
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB), Laboratoire LASEVE, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555, boulevard de l'Université, Chicoutimi, Québec G7H 2B1, Canada.
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Gormand P, Pichette A, Legault J, Alsarraf J. Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Monomethylated Betulinic Acid 3- O-α-l-Rhamnopyranosides. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:36118-36125. [PMID: 37810724 PMCID: PMC10552092 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Three original derivatives of the cytotoxic betulinic acid 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside featuring a monomethylated rhamnoside residue were synthesized. An improved catalytic procedure was involved to functionalize the O-3 position of the monosaccharide in a site-selective fashion. The cytotoxicity of the novel compounds was evaluated in vitro to highlight the moderate impact of carbohydrate monomethylation on the biological activity of betulinic acid 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Gormand
- Centre de recherche sur la
boréalie (CREB), Laboratoire d’analyse et de séparation
des essences végétales (LASEVE), Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555 boulevard de l’Université, Chicoutimi G7H 2B1, QC, Canada
| | - André Pichette
- Centre de recherche sur la
boréalie (CREB), Laboratoire d’analyse et de séparation
des essences végétales (LASEVE), Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555 boulevard de l’Université, Chicoutimi G7H 2B1, QC, Canada
| | - Jean Legault
- Centre de recherche sur la
boréalie (CREB), Laboratoire d’analyse et de séparation
des essences végétales (LASEVE), Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555 boulevard de l’Université, Chicoutimi G7H 2B1, QC, Canada
| | - Jérôme Alsarraf
- Centre de recherche sur la
boréalie (CREB), Laboratoire d’analyse et de séparation
des essences végétales (LASEVE), Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 555 boulevard de l’Université, Chicoutimi G7H 2B1, QC, Canada
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Dong CL, Zhu F, Du YZ, Lu MX. Depending on different apoptosis pathways, the effector Cscaspase-3 in Chilo suppressalis exposed to temperature and parasitic stress was induced. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124270. [PMID: 37003373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death (PCD) that is largely triggered by caspases through both the mitochondria-dependent and mitochondria-independent pathways. The rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis, serves as an economically important pest of rice, which is often suffered by temperature and parasitic stress under natural conditions. In the present study, effector Cscaspase-3 encoding caspase was obtained from the rice pest Chilo suppressalis. CsCaspase-3 possesses p20 and p10 subunits, two active sites, four substrate-binding sites, and two cleavage motifs. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that Cscaspase-3 was expressed at maximal levels in hemocytes; furthermore, transcription was most highly in female adults. Expression of Cscaspase-3 was induced by hot and cold temperatures, with the highest expression at 39 °C. Cscaspase-3 expression was also significantly induced at 10 h, 2 d, 5 d, and 7 d of parasitism. Flow cytometry results showed that both temperature and parasitism trigger apoptosis, but only parasitism induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in C. suppressalis. RNAi-mediated silencing of Cscaspase-3 expression reduced C. suppressalis survival at -3 °C. This study provides a foundation for further studies of caspases in insects during biotic and abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Lei Dong
- College of Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- College of Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Ming-Xing Lu
- College of Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Sanaullah AFM, Devi P, Hossain T, Sultan SB, Badhon MMU, Hossain ME, Uddin J, Patwary MAM, Kazi M, Matin MM. Rhamnopyranoside-Based Fatty Acid Esters as Antimicrobials: Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, PASS, Antimicrobial, and Molecular Docking Studies. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030986. [PMID: 36770652 PMCID: PMC9919056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The most widely used and accessible monosaccharides have a number of stereogenic centers that have been hydroxylated and are challenging to chemically separate. As a result, the task of regioselective derivatization of such structures is particularly difficult. Considering this fact and to get novel rhamnopyranoside-based esters, DMAP-catalyzed di-O-stearoylation of methyl α-l-rhamnopyranoside (3) produced a mixture of 2,3-di-O- (4) and 3,4-di-O-stearates (5) (ratio 2:3) indicating the reactivity of the hydroxylated stereogenic centers of rhamnopyranoside as 3-OH > 4-OH > 2-OH. To get novel biologically active rhamnose esters, di-O-stearates 4 and 5 were converted into six 4-O- and 2-O-esters 6-11, which were fully characterized by FT-IR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectral techniques. In vitro antimicrobial assays revealed that fully esterified rhamnopyranosides 6-11 with maximum lipophilic character showed better antifungal susceptibility than antibacterial activity. These experimental findings are similar to the results found from PASS analysis data. Furthermore, the pentanoyl derivative of 2,3-di-O-stearate (compound 6) showed better antifungal functionality against F. equiseti and A. flavus, which were found to be better than standard antibiotics. To validate the better antifungal results, molecular docking of the rhamnose esters 4-11 was performed with lanosterol 14α-demethylase (PDB ID: 3LD6), including the standard antifungal antibiotics ketoconazole and fluconazole. In this instance, the binding affinities of 10 (-7.6 kcal/mol), 9 (-7.5 kcal/mol), and 7 (-6.9 kcal/mol) were better and comparable to fluconazole (-7.3 kcal/mol), indicating the likelihood of their use as non-azole type antifungal drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abul Fazal Muhammad Sanaullah
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Puja Devi
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Takbir Hossain
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Sulaiman Bin Sultan
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Mohib Ullah Badhon
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Emdad Hossain
- Wazed Miah Science Research Centre (WMSRC), Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Jamal Uddin
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, Baltimore, MD 21216, USA
| | | | - Mohsin Kazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (M.M.M.); Tel.: +880-1716-839689 (M.M.M.)
| | - Mohammed Mahbubul Matin
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (M.M.M.); Tel.: +880-1716-839689 (M.M.M.)
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Nistor G, Trandafirescu C, Prodea A, Milan A, Cristea A, Ghiulai R, Racoviceanu R, Mioc A, Mioc M, Ivan V, Șoica C. Semisynthetic Derivatives of Pentacyclic Triterpenes Bearing Heterocyclic Moieties with Therapeutic Potential. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196552. [PMID: 36235089 PMCID: PMC9572482 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used by humans since ancient times for the treatment of various diseases and currently represent the main source of a variety of phytocompounds, such as triterpenes. Pentacyclic triterpenes have been subjected to numerous studies that have revealed various biological activities, such as anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and hepatoprotective effects, which can be employed in therapy. However, due to their high lipophilicity, which is considered to exert a significant influence on their bioavailability, their current use is limited. A frequent approach employed to overcome this obstacle is the chemical derivatization of the core structure with different types of moieties including heterocycles, which are considered key elements in medicinal chemistry. The present review aims to summarize the literature published in the last 10 years regarding the derivatives of pentacyclic triterpenes bearing heterocyclic moieties and focuses on the biologically active derivatives as well as their structure-activity relationships. Predominantly, the targeted positions for the derivatization of the triterpene skeleton are C-3 (hydroxyl/oxo group), C-28 (hydroxyl/carboxyl group), and C-30 (allylic group) or the extension of the main scaffold by fusing various heterocycles with the A-ring of the phytocompound. In addition, numerous derivatives also contain linker moieties that connect the triterpenic scaffold with heterocycles; one such linker, the triazole moiety, stands out as a key pharmacophore for its biological effect. All these studies support the hypothesis that triterpenoid conjugates with heterocyclic moieties may represent promising candidates for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Nistor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Trandafirescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Prodea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (A.M.); Tel.: +40-256-494-604 (A.P.)
| | - Andreea Milan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (A.M.); Tel.: +40-256-494-604 (A.P.)
| | - Andreea Cristea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Ghiulai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Roxana Racoviceanu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Viviana Ivan
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Codruța Șoica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Hribernik N, Chiodo F, Pieters R, Bernardi A. Rhamnose-based glycomimetic for recruitment of endogenous anti-rhamnose antibodies. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Miyata Y, Mukae Y, Harada J, Matsuda T, Mitsunari K, Matsuo T, Ohba K, Sakai H. Pathological and Pharmacological Roles of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Malignant Neoplasms: Therapies Involving Chemical Compounds, Natural Products, and Photosensitizers. Molecules 2020; 25:E5252. [PMID: 33187225 PMCID: PMC7697499 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in cellular processes. Consequently, oxidative stress also affects etiology, progression, and response to therapeutics in various pathological conditions including malignant tumors. Oxidative stress and associated outcomes are often brought about by excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Accumulation of ROS occurs due to dysregulation of homeostasis in an otherwise strictly controlled physiological condition. In fact, intracellular ROS levels are closely associated with the pathological status and outcome of numerous diseases. Notably, mitochondria are recognized as the critical regulator and primary source of ROS. Damage to mitochondria increases mitochondrial ROS (mROS) production, which leads to an increased level of total intracellular ROS. However, intracellular ROS level may not always reflect mROS levels, as ROS is not only produced by mitochondria but also by other organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisomes. Thus, an evaluation of mROS would help us to recognize the biological and pathological characteristics and predictive markers of malignant tumors and develop efficient treatment strategies. In this review, we describe the pathological significance of mROS in malignant neoplasms. In particular, we show the association of mROS-related signaling in the molecular mechanisms of chemically synthesized and natural chemotherapeutic agents and photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyoshi Miyata
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; (Y.M.); (J.H.); (T.M.); (K.M.); (T.M.); (K.O.); (H.S.)
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Juang YP, Liang PH. Biological and Pharmacological Effects of Synthetic Saponins. Molecules 2020; 25:E4974. [PMID: 33121124 PMCID: PMC7663351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Saponins are amphiphilic molecules consisting of carbohydrate and either triterpenoid or steroid aglycone moieties and are noted for their multiple biological activities-Fungicidal, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects have all been observed. Saponins from natural sources have long been used in herbal and traditional medicines; however, the isolation of complexed saponins from nature is difficult and laborious, due to the scarce amount and structure heterogeneity. Chemical synthesis is considered a powerful tool to expand the structural diversity of saponin, leading to the discovery of promising compounds. This review focuses on recent developments in the structure optimization and biological evaluation of synthetic triterpenoid and steroid saponin derivatives. By summarizing the structure-activity relationship (SAR) results, we hope to provide the direction for future development of saponin-based bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
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Korda A, Rárová L, Pakulski Z, Strnad M, Oklešťková J, Kuczynska K, Cmoch P, Gwardiak K, Karczewski R. New lupane bidesmosides exhibiting strong cytotoxic activities in vitro. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103868. [PMID: 32388425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Triterpene bidesmosides are considered as highly cytotoxic saponins, usually less toxic against normal cells than monodesmosides, and less haemolytic. Biological activity of the betulin-type bidesmosides, rarely found in Nature, and seldom prepared due to serious synthetic problems, is poorly recognized. We report herein a protocol for the preparation of disubstituted lupane saponins (betulin bidesmosides) by treatment of their benzoates with potassium carbonate in dichloromethane / methanol solution. Cytotoxicity of all compounds was tested in vitro for a series of cancer cell lines, as well as normal human skin BJ fibroblasts. Presence of l-rhamnose moiety is crucial for cytotoxicity of betulin bidesmosides. On the other hand, l-arabinose fragment connected to lupane C-3 carbon atom significantly decreases activity. Presented results clearly show that betulin bidesmosides have significant clinical potential as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Korda
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lucie Rárová
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zbigniew Pakulski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Oklešťková
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kinga Kuczynska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Cmoch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gwardiak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Romuald Karczewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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Dichloroacetate (DCA) and Cancer: An Overview towards Clinical Applications. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8201079. [PMID: 31827705 PMCID: PMC6885244 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8201079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An extensive body of literature describes anticancer property of dichloroacetate (DCA), but its effective clinical administration in cancer therapy is still limited to clinical trials. The occurrence of side effects such as neurotoxicity as well as the suspicion of DCA carcinogenicity still restricts the clinical use of DCA. However, in the last years, the number of reports supporting DCA employment against cancer increased also because of the great interest in targeting metabolism of tumour cells. Dissecting DCA mechanism of action helped to understand the bases of its selective efficacy against cancer cells. A successful coadministration of DCA with conventional chemotherapy, radiotherapy, other drugs, or natural compounds has been tested in several cancer models. New drug delivery systems and multiaction compounds containing DCA and other drugs seem to ameliorate bioavailability and appear more efficient thanks to a synergistic action of multiple agents. The spread of reports supporting the efficiency of DCA in cancer therapy has prompted additional studies that let to find other potential molecular targets of DCA. Interestingly, DCA could significantly affect cancer stem cell fraction and contribute to cancer eradication. Collectively, these findings provide a strong rationale towards novel clinical translational studies of DCA in cancer therapy.
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Côté H, Pichette A, Simard F, Ouellette ME, Ripoll L, Mihoub M, Grimard D, Legault J. Balsacone C, a New Antibiotic Targeting Bacterial Cell Membranes, Inhibits Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Without Inducing Resistance. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2341. [PMID: 31681206 PMCID: PMC6804428 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
New options are urgently needed for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. Balsacone C is a new dihydrochalcone extracted from Populus balsamifera that has been reported previously as being active against Staphylococcus aureus. Here, we evaluate the antibacterial activity of balsacone C against MRSA. Thirty-four (34) MRSA isolates were obtained from hospitalized patients; these isolates were then characterized for their resistance. Most of these MRSA (>85%) were resistant to penicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin, and cefoxitin as well as being sensitive to linezolid, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, rifampicin, and gentamicin. When tested against all MRSA isolates and various gram-positive bacteria, the antibacterial activity of balsacone C produced a MIC of 3-11.6 mg/mL. We observed no resistant isolates of MRSA (against balsacone C) even after 30 passages. Microscopy fluorescence showed that bacteria cell membrane integrity was compromised by low concentrations of balsacone C. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirmed balsacone C-provoked changes in the bacterial cell membrane and we find a dose-dependent release of DNA and proteins. This loss of cellular integrity leads to cell death and suggests a low potential for the development of spontaneous resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse Côté
- Laboratoire d’Analyse et de Séparation des Essences Végétales, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
| | - André Pichette
- Laboratoire d’Analyse et de Séparation des Essences Végétales, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche sur la Boréalie, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
| | - François Simard
- Laboratoire d’Analyse et de Séparation des Essences Végétales, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Eve Ouellette
- Laboratoire d’Analyse et de Séparation des Essences Végétales, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
| | - Lionel Ripoll
- Laboratoire d’Analyse et de Séparation des Essences Végétales, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche sur la Boréalie, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
| | - Mouadh Mihoub
- Laboratoire d’Analyse et de Séparation des Essences Végétales, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
| | - Doria Grimard
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Complexe Hospitalier de la Sagamie, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
| | - Jean Legault
- Laboratoire d’Analyse et de Séparation des Essences Végétales, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche sur la Boréalie, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
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13
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Sylla B, Lavoie S, Legault J, Gauthier C, Pichette A. Synthesis, cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of rhamnose-containing ursolic and betulinic acid saponins. RSC Adv 2019; 9:39743-39757. [PMID: 35541393 PMCID: PMC9076072 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09389c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Betulinic acid and ursolic acid are ubiquitous, naturally-occurring triterpenoids exhibiting various pharmacological activities including cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities. However, these triterpenoids display unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties as well as low aqueous solubility. It has been shown that the presence of α-l-rhamnose moieties positively modulates the anticancer activity of secondary metabolites. Herein we report the synthesis and in vitro evaluation of cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities of a series of rhamnose-containing ursolic and betulinic acid saponins. Relying on Schmidt's normal and inverse procedures, monorhamnosides, (1→4)-linked dirhamnosides as well as branched trirhamnosides and tetrarhamnosides were synthesized in high yields with full control of stereoselectivity. A betulinic acid saponin bearing a 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl residue was found to be a potent cytotoxic agent against human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells without damaging the healthy cells (selectivity ratio > 20) whereas rhamnose-containing ursolic acid saponins potently inhibited NO overproduction induced by LPS-stimulated macrophages. Our results reveal that rhamnose-containing ursolic and betulinic acid saponins represent promising therapeutic agents. Rhamnose-containing saponins featuring betulinic and ursolic acid as aglycones were synthesized using both Schmidt's normal and inverse procedures. Some of these synthetic saponins exhibited selective cytotoxic and/or anti-inflammatory activities.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Balla Sylla
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB)
- Chaire de Recherche sur Les Agents Anticancéreux D'origine Naturelle
- Laboratoire LASEVE
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales
- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
| | - Serge Lavoie
- Institut des Sciences de la Forêt Tempérée
- Université du Québec en Outaouais
- Canada
| | - Jean Legault
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB)
- Chaire de Recherche sur Les Agents Anticancéreux D'origine Naturelle
- Laboratoire LASEVE
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales
- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
| | - Charles Gauthier
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB)
- Chaire de Recherche sur Les Agents Anticancéreux D'origine Naturelle
- Laboratoire LASEVE
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales
- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
| | - André Pichette
- Centre de Recherche sur La Boréalie (CREB)
- Chaire de Recherche sur Les Agents Anticancéreux D'origine Naturelle
- Laboratoire LASEVE
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales
- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
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14
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Kruk PJ. Beneficial effect of additional treatment with widely available anticancer agents in advanced small lung cell carcinoma: A case report. Mol Clin Oncol 2018; 9:647-650. [PMID: 30546895 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2018.1736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung carcinoma is a type of lung cancer characterized by very poor prognosis, as the majority of the patients have already developed metastases at initial diagnosis. Small-cell lung cancer accounts for ~15% of all lung cancer cases. The present study reports the case of a female patient with advanced-stage small-cell lung cancer. The patient received the standard treatments (6 cycles of platinum and etoposide chemotherapy followed by Gamma Knife treatment of suspicious mediastinal lymphnodes); in addition, naturally derived agents (curcumin, parthenolide, betuline, sulforaphane, withanolides, lactoferrin, pomegranate fruit extract, flaxseed and dioscorea) were alternately administered at increased doses, while previously prescribed medications for other comorbidities (metformin and atorvastatin) were continued. Complete regression of the tumour was observed, and the patient remains in full remission and cancer-free for >7 years. Moreover, no treatment-related side effects and no drug interactions were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr J Kruk
- Department of Family Medicine, Rząśnia Community-Based Health Center, 98-332 Rząśnia, Poland
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