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Roman S, Campos-Medina L, Leal-Mercado L. Personalized nutrition: the end of the one-diet-fits-all era. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1370595. [PMID: 38854164 PMCID: PMC11157041 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1370595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Personalized Nutrition emerged as a new trend for providing nutritional and food advice based on the individual's genetic composition, a field driven by the advancements in the multi-omic sciences throughout the last century. It intends not only to tailor the recommended daily allowances of nutrients and functional foods that a person may need but also to maintain the principles of sustainability and eco-friendliness. This principle implies the implementation of strategies within the healthcare system to advocate for the ending of the one-diet-fits-all paradigm by considering a personalized diet as an ally to prevent diet-related chronic diseases. In this Perspective, we highlight the potential benefits of such a paradigm within the region of Latin America, particularly Mexico, where the genetic admixture of the population, food biodiversity, and food culture provide unique opportunities to establish personalized nutrigenetic strategies. These strategies could play a crucial role in preventing chronic diseases and addressing the challenges confronted in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Roman
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Liliana Campos-Medina
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Doctoral Program in Molecular Biology in Medicine, Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Leal-Mercado
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Doctoral Program in Molecular Biology in Medicine, Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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2
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Orfanou E, Zach B, Rohrlach AB, Schneider FN, Paust E, Lucas M, Hermes T, Ilgner J, Scott E, Ettel P, Haak W, Spengler R, Roberts P. Biomolecular evidence for changing millet reliance in Late Bronze Age central Germany. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4382. [PMID: 38388679 PMCID: PMC10883991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54824-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The Bronze Age of Central Europe was a period of major social, economic, political and ideological change. The arrival of millet is often seen as part of wider Bronze Age connectivity, yet understanding of the subsistence regimes underpinning this dynamic period remains poor for this region, in large part due to a dominance of cremation funerary rites, which hinder biomolecular studies. Here, we apply stable isotope analysis, radiocarbon dating and archaeobotanical analysis to two Late Bronze Age (LBA) sites, Esperstedt and Kuckenburg, in central Germany, where human remains were inhumed rather than cremated. We find that people buried at these sites did not consume millet before the Middle Bronze Age (MBA) (ca. 1600 BCE). However, by the early LBA (ca. 1300-1050 BCE) people consumed millet, often in substantial quantities. This consumption appears to have subsequently diminished or ceased around 1050-800 BCE, despite charred millet grains still being found in the archaeological deposits from this period. The arrival of millet in this region, followed by a surge in consumption spanning two centuries, indicates a complex interplay of cultural and economic factors, as well as a potential use of millet to buffer changes in aridity in a region increasingly prone to crop failure in the face of climate change today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftheria Orfanou
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, 07745, Jena, Germany.
- Chair of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - Barbara Zach
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Chair of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Domestication and Anthropogenic Evolution Research Group, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Adam B Rohrlach
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- School of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Florian N Schneider
- Chair of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Enrico Paust
- Chair of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Mary Lucas
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Arctic University Museum of Norway, UiT-the Arctic University of Norway, Lars Thørings Veg 10, 9006, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Taylor Hermes
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 72701, USA
| | - Jana Ilgner
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Erin Scott
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Ettel
- Chair of Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Haak
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Spengler
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Domestication and Anthropogenic Evolution Research Group, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Patrick Roberts
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, 07745, Jena, Germany.
- isoTROPIC Research Group, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, 07745, Jena, Germany.
- Institut Für Ur- Und Frühgeschichte, Philosophische Fakultät, Universität Zu Köln, Cologne, Germany.
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3
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Cox SL, Nicklisch N, Francken M, Wahl J, Meller H, Haak W, Alt KW, Rosenstock E, Mathieson I. Socio-cultural practices may have affected sex differences in stature in Early Neolithic Europe. Nat Hum Behav 2024; 8:243-255. [PMID: 38081999 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-023-01756-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The rules and structure of human culture impact health as much as genetics or environment. To study these relationships, we combine ancient DNA (n = 230), skeletal metrics (n = 391), palaeopathology (n = 606) and dietary stable isotopes (n = 873) to analyse stature variation in Early Neolithic Europeans from North Central, South Central, Balkan and Mediterranean regions. In North Central Europe, stable isotopes and linear enamel hypoplasias indicate high environmental stress across sexes, but female stature is low, despite polygenic scores identical to males, and suggests that cultural factors preferentially supported male recovery from stress. In Mediterranean populations, sexual dimorphism is reduced, indicating male vulnerability to stress and no strong cultural preference for males. Our analysis indicates that biological effects of sex-specific inequities can be linked to cultural influences at least as early as 7,000 yr ago, and culture, more than environment or genetics, drove height disparities in Early Neolithic Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Cox
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Physical Anthropology Section, Penn Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Nicole Nicklisch
- Center of Natural and Cultural Human History, Danube Private University, Krems-Stein, Austria
| | - Michael Francken
- State Office for Cultural Heritage Management Baden-Württemberg, Osteology, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Joachim Wahl
- Paleoanthropology Section, Institute of Archaeological Sciences, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald Meller
- State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt, State Museum of Prehistory, Halle, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Haak
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kurt W Alt
- Center of Natural and Cultural Human History, Danube Private University, Krems-Stein, Austria
| | - Eva Rosenstock
- Bonn Center for ArchaeoSciences, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Iain Mathieson
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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4
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Albrecht A, Behringer V, Zierau O, Hannig C. Dental findings in wild great apes from macerated skull analysis. Am J Primatol 2024; 86:e23581. [PMID: 38041590 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Oral health is a crucial aspect of overall well-being in both humans and nonhuman primates. Understanding the oral pathologies and dental conditions in apes can provide valuable insights into their evolutionary history, dietary habits, and overall health. The present study evaluates dental findings in wild great apes from museum specimens to gain insights into the influence of natural nutrition on dental health. Complete macerated skulls of wild, adult great apes from the collection of the Museum of Natural History, Berlin, Germany, were examined. We analyzed skulls of 53 gorillas (Gorilla gorilla), 63 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), and 41 orangutans (Pongo spp.). For each skull, we recorded wear of dental hard tissues (Lussi and Ganss index), carious lesions, and periodontal bone loss. Incisal and occlusal dental hard tissue defects were found in all skulls, as well as considerable external staining. In all species, incisors and canines showed the greatest loss of tissue, followed by molars. The wear of molars decreased from the first to the third molars, premolars showed the least pronounced defects. Some individuals had apical osteolytic defects along with severe dental hard tissue loss with pulp involvement or after dental trauma, respectively (n = 5). Our study did not observe any carious lesions among the examined great ape skulls. However, we did find evidence for localized or generalized periodontal bone loss in a subset of the specimens (n = 3 chimpanzees, n = 7 orangutans). The natural diet and foraging behavior of great apes induces abrasion and attrition of dental hard tissue but does not yield carious lesions. The occurrence of periodontitis in individual apes indicates that the natural circumstances can induce periodontal bone loss even in the wild, despite physiological nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Albrecht
- Policlinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Pediatric Dentistry Dresden, Faculty of Medicine 'Carl Gustav Carus', Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Verena Behringer
- Endocrinology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Zierau
- Environmental Monitoring & Endocrinology, Faculty of Biology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Hannig
- Policlinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology, and Pediatric Dentistry Dresden, Faculty of Medicine 'Carl Gustav Carus', Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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5
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Schlütz F, Hofmann R, dal Corso M, Pashkevych G, Dreibrodt S, Shatilo M, Terna A, Fuchs K, Videiko M, Rud V, Müller J, Kirleis W. Isotopes prove advanced, integral crop production, and stockbreeding strategies nourished Trypillia mega-populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2312962120. [PMID: 38109547 PMCID: PMC10756257 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312962120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
After 500 y of colonizing the forest-steppe area northwest of the Black Sea, on the territories of what is today Moldova and Ukraine, Trypillia societies founded large, aggregated settlements from ca. 4150 BCE and mega-sites (>100 ha) from ca. 3950 BCE. Covering up to 320 ha and housing up to 15,000 inhabitants, the latter were the world's largest settlements to date. Some 480 δ13C and δ15N measurements on bones of humans, animals, and charred crops allow the detection of spatio-temporal patterns and the calculation of complete agricultural Bayesian food webs for Trypillia societies. The isotope data come from settlements of the entire Trypillia area between the Prut and the Dnieper rivers. The datasets cover the development of the Trypillia societies from the early phase (4800-4200/4100 BCE), over the agglomeration of mega-sites (4200/4100-3650 BCE), to the dispersal phase (3650-3000 BCE). High δ15N values mostly come from the mega-sites. Our analyses show that the subsistence of Trypillia mega-sites depended on pulses cultivated on strongly manured (dung-)soils and on cattle that were kept fenced on intensive pastures to easy collect the manure for pulse cultivation. The food web models indicate a low proportion of meat in human diet (approximately 10%). The largely crop-based diet, consisting of cereals plus up to 46% pulses, was balanced in calories and indispensable amino acids. The flourishing of Europe's first mega-populations depended on an advanced, integral mega-economy that included sophisticated dung management. Their demise was therefore not economically, but socially, conditioned [Hofmann et al., PLoS One. 14, e0222243 (2019)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Schlütz
- Institute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
- Collaborative Research Centre 1266 “Scales of Transformation,” Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
| | - Robert Hofmann
- Institute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
- Collaborative Research Centre 1266 “Scales of Transformation,” Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
| | - Marta dal Corso
- Institute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
- Collaborative Research Centre 1266 “Scales of Transformation,” Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padua, Padua35122, Italy
| | - Galyna Pashkevych
- National Museum of Natural Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv01030, Ukraine
| | - Stefan Dreibrodt
- Collaborative Research Centre 1266 “Scales of Transformation,” Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
- Institute for Ecosystem Research, Christian-Albrechts-University, 24118 Kiel
- Baden-Württemberg State Office for Cultural Heritage, 78343 Gaienhofen-Hemmenhofen, Germany
| | - Mila Shatilo
- Collaborative Research Centre 1266 “Scales of Transformation,” Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
| | - Andreea Terna
- Institute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
- Collaborative Research Centre 1266 “Scales of Transformation,” Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
| | - Katharina Fuchs
- Collaborative Research Centre 1266 “Scales of Transformation,” Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24105, Germany
| | - Mykhailo Videiko
- Research Laboratory of Archaeology, Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, Kyiv04053, Ukraine
| | - Vitalii Rud
- Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv01030, Ukraine
| | - Johannes Müller
- Institute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
- Collaborative Research Centre 1266 “Scales of Transformation,” Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
| | - Wiebke Kirleis
- Institute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
- Collaborative Research Centre 1266 “Scales of Transformation,” Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel24118, Germany
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6
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Tafuri MA, Soncin S, Panella S, Thompson JE, Tiberi I, Fabbri PF, Sivilli S, Radina F, Minozzi S, Muntoni IM, Fiorentino G, Robb J. Regional long-term analysis of dietary isotopes in Neolithic southeastern Italy: new patterns and research directions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7914. [PMID: 37193720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Isotopic analyses of prehistoric diet have only recently reached the threshold of going beyond site-focused reports to provide regional syntheses showing larger trends. In this work we present the first regional analysis for Neolithic southeastern Italy as a whole, including both substantial original data and a review of the available published data. The results show that dietary isotopes can shed new light on a number of traditional and important questions about Neolithic foodways. First, we observe regional variations in the distribution of stable isotope values across the area, suggesting variability in the Neolithic diet. Secondly, we show that, although the plant food calorific intake was primary for these communities, animal products were also important, representing on average 40% of the total calories. Third, we note that marine fish was only minorly consumed, but that this could be an underestimation, and we observe some variability in the regions considered, suggesting differences in local human-environment interactions. People in different regions of southeastern Italy may have consumed different versions of a common Neolithic diet. Regional synthesis also allows us to take stock of gaps and new directions in the field, suggesting an agenda for Neolithic isotopic research for the 2020s.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Tafuri
- Department of Environmental Biology and Mediterranean bioArchaeological Research Advances (MAReA) Centre, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - S Soncin
- Department of Environmental Biology and Mediterranean bioArchaeological Research Advances (MAReA) Centre, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - S Panella
- Department of Environmental Biology and Mediterranean bioArchaeological Research Advances (MAReA) Centre, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - J E Thompson
- McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Darwin College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - I Tiberi
- Polo Biblio-Museale Regionale di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
| | - P F Fabbri
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - S Sivilli
- Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio per la Città Metropolitana di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - F Radina
- Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio per la Città Metropolitana di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - S Minozzi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - I M Muntoni
- Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio per le Province di Barletta-Andria-Trani e Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - G Fiorentino
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - J Robb
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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7
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Ferrando-Bernal M. Ancient DNA suggests anaemia and low bone mineral density as the cause for porotic hyperostosis in ancient individuals. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6968. [PMID: 37117261 PMCID: PMC10147686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33405-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Porotic hyperostosis (PH) is a disease that had high prevalence during the Neolithic. Several hypotheses have been suggested to explain the origin of the disease, such as an iron deficiency diet, low B12 intake, malaria caused by Plasmodium spp., low haemoglobin levels or low vitamin D levels. None of these hypotheses have been tested genetically. Here, I calculated different genetic scores to test each hypothesis. Additionally, I calculated a genetic score of bone mineral density as it is a phenotype that seems to be selected in ancient Europeans. I apply these genetic scores on 80 ancient samples, 33 with diagnosed PH. The results seem to suggest anaemia and low bone mineral density as the main cause for this disease. Additionally, Neolithic individuals show the lowest genetic risk score for bone mineral density of all other periods tested here, which may explain the highest prevalence of the porotic hyperostosis during this age.
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8
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Alt KW, Al-Ahmad A, Woelber JP. Nutrition and Health in Human Evolution–Past to Present. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173594. [PMID: 36079850 PMCID: PMC9460423 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Anyone who wants to understand the biological nature of humans and their special characteristics must look far back into evolutionary history. Today’s way of life is drastically different from that of our ancestors. For almost 99% of human history, gathering and hunting have been the basis of nutrition. It was not until about 12,000 years ago that humans began domesticating plants and animals. Bioarchaeologically and biochemically, this can be traced back to our earliest roots. Modern living conditions and the quality of human life are better today than ever before. However, neither physically nor psychosocially have we made this adjustment and we are paying a high health price for it. The studies presented allow us to reconstruct food supply, lifestyles, and dietary habits: from the earliest primates, through hunter-gatherers of the Paleolithic, farming communities since the beginning of the Anthropocene, to the Industrial Age and the present. The comprehensive data pool allows extraction of all findings of medical relevance. Our recent lifestyle and diet are essentially determined by our culture rather than by our millions of years of ancestry. Culture is permanently in a dominant position compared to natural evolution. Thereby culture does not form a contrast to nature but represents its result. There is no doubt that we are biologically adapted to culture, but it is questionable how much culture humans can cope with.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt W. Alt
- Center of Natural and Cultural Human History, Danube Private University, 3500 Krems, Austria
- Integrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ali Al-Ahmad
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 71906 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johan Peter Woelber
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 71906 Freiburg, Germany
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Iannotti LL, Gyimah EA, Reid M, Chapnick M, Cartmill MK, Lutter CK, Hilton C, Gildner TE, Quinn EA. Child dietary patterns in Homo sapiens evolution: A systematic review. Evol Med Public Health 2022; 10:371-390. [PMID: 36042843 PMCID: PMC9415195 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoac027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns spanning millennia could inform contemporary public health nutrition. Children are largely absent from evidence describing diets throughout human evolution, despite prevalent malnutrition today signaling a potential genome-environment divergence. This systematic review aimed to identify dietary patterns of children ages 6 months to 10 years consumed before the widespread adoption of agriculture. Metrics of mention frequency (counts of food types reported) and food groups (globally standardized categories) were applied to: compare diets across subsistence modes [gatherer-hunter-fisher (GHF), early agriculture (EA) groups]; examine diet quality and diversity; and characterize differences by life course phase and environmental context defined using Köppen-Geiger climate zones. The review yielded child diet information from 95 cultural groups (52 from GHF; 43 from EA/mixed subsistence groups). Animal foods (terrestrial and aquatic) were the most frequently mentioned food groups in dietary patterns across subsistence modes, though at higher frequencies in GHF than in EA. A broad range of fruits, vegetables, roots and tubers were more common in GHF, while children from EA groups consumed more cereals than GHF, associated with poor health consequences as reported in some studies. Forty-eight studies compared diets across life course phases: 28 showed differences and 20 demonstrated similarities in child versus adult diets. Climate zone was a driver of food patterns provisioned from local ecosystems. Evidence from Homo sapiens evolution points to the need for nutrient-dense foods with high quality proteins and greater variety within and across food groups. Public health solutions could integrate these findings into food-based dietary guidelines for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lora L Iannotti
- Brown School, Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Emmanuel A Gyimah
- Brown School, Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Miranda Reid
- Brown School, Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Melissa Chapnick
- Brown School, Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Mary Kate Cartmill
- Brown School, Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Chessa K Lutter
- RTI International, 701 13th St NW #750, Washington, DC 20005, USA
| | - Charles Hilton
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, CB#3115, 301 Alumni Hall, 207 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Theresa E Gildner
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1114, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Quinn
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1114, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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10
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Childebayeva A, Rohrlach AB, Barquera R, Rivollat M, Aron F, Szolek A, Kohlbacher O, Nicklisch N, Alt KW, Gronenborn D, Meller H, Friederich S, Prüfer K, Deguilloux MF, Krause J, Haak W. Population Genetics and Signatures of Selection in Early Neolithic European Farmers. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:6586604. [PMID: 35578825 PMCID: PMC9171004 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human expansion in the course of the Neolithic transition in western Eurasia has been one of the major topics in ancient DNA research in the last 10 years. Multiple studies have shown that the spread of agriculture and animal husbandry from the Near East across Europe was accompanied by large-scale human expansions. Moreover, changes in subsistence and migration associated with the Neolithic transition have been hypothesized to involve genetic adaptation. Here, we present high quality genome-wide data from the Linear Pottery Culture site Derenburg-Meerenstieg II (DER) (N = 32 individuals) in Central Germany. Population genetic analyses show that the DER individuals carried predominantly Anatolian Neolithic-like ancestry and a very limited degree of local hunter-gatherer admixture, similar to other early European farmers. Increasing the Linear Pottery culture cohort size to ∼100 individuals allowed us to perform various frequency- and haplotype-based analyses to investigate signatures of selection associated with changes following the adoption of the Neolithic lifestyle. In addition, we developed a new method called Admixture-informed Maximum-likelihood Estimation for Selection Scans that allowed us test for selection signatures in an admixture-aware fashion. Focusing on the intersection of results from these selection scans, we identified various loci associated with immune function (JAK1, HLA-DQB1) and metabolism (LMF1, LEPR, SORBS1), as well as skin color (SLC24A5, CD82) and folate synthesis (MTHFR, NBPF3). Our findings shed light on the evolutionary pressures, such as infectious disease and changing diet, that were faced by the early farmers of Western Eurasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainash Childebayeva
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Adam Benjamin Rohrlach
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers, School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Barquera
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maïté Rivollat
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, PACEA-UMR 5199, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - Franziska Aron
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - András Szolek
- Applied Bioinformatics, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Kohlbacher
- Applied Bioinformatics, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Translational Bioinformatics, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Biomolecular Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicole Nicklisch
- Center of Natural and Cultural Human History, Danube Private University, Krems-Stein, Austria.,State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt - State Museum of Prehistory, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kurt W Alt
- Center of Natural and Cultural Human History, Danube Private University, Krems-Stein, Austria.,State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt - State Museum of Prehistory, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Detlef Gronenborn
- Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Leibniz Research Institute for Archaeology, Ernst-Ludwig-Platz 2, 55116 Mainz, Germany
| | - Harald Meller
- State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt - State Museum of Prehistory, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Susanne Friederich
- State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt - State Museum of Prehistory, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kay Prüfer
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Krause
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Haak
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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11
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Nicklisch N, Oelze VM, Schierz O, Meller H, Alt KW. A Healthier Smile in the Past? Dental Caries and Diet in Early Neolithic Farming Communities from Central Germany. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091831. [PMID: 35565796 PMCID: PMC9105495 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental health is closely linked to an individual’s health and diet. This bioarcheological study presents dental caries and stable isotope data obtained from prehistoric individuals (n = 101) from three Early Neolithic sites (c. 5500-4800 BCE) in central Germany. Dental caries and ante-mortem tooth loss (AMTL) were recorded and related to life history traits such as biological sex and age at death. Further, we correlate evidence on caries to carbon and nitrogen isotope data obtained from 83 individuals to assess the relationship between diet and caries. In 68.3% of the adults, carious lesions were present, with 10.3% of teeth affected. If AMTL is considered, the values increase by about 3%. The prevalence of subadults (18.4%) was significantly lower, with 1.8% carious teeth. The number of carious teeth correlated significantly with age but not sex. The isotopic data indicated an omnivorous terrestrial diet composed of domestic plants and animal derived protein but did not correlate with the prevalence of carious lesions. The combined evidence from caries and isotope analysis suggests a prevalence of starchy foods such as cereals in the diet of these early farmers, which aligns well with observations from other Early Neolithic sites but contrasts to Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age populations in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Nicklisch
- Center for Natural and Cultural History of Man, Faculty of Medicine/Dentistry, Danube Private University, Förthofstraße 2, 3500 Krems, Austria;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-676-842-419-395
| | - Vicky M. Oelze
- Anthropology Department, University of California at Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 96064, USA;
| | - Oliver Schierz
- Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, University of Leipzig, Liebig Str. 12, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Harald Meller
- State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt and State Museum of Prehistory, Richard-Wagner Str. 9, 06114 Halle, Germany;
| | - Kurt W. Alt
- Center for Natural and Cultural History of Man, Faculty of Medicine/Dentistry, Danube Private University, Förthofstraße 2, 3500 Krems, Austria;
- Institute of Prehistory and Archaeological Science, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, 4055 Basel, Switzerland
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12
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Cox SL, Moots HM, Stock JT, Shbat A, Bitarello BD, Nicklisch N, Alt KW, Haak W, Rosenstock E, Ruff CB, Mathieson I. Predicting skeletal stature using ancient
DNA. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2021. [PMCID: PMC9298243 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L. Cox
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Physical Anthropology Section, Penn Museum University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Hannah M. Moots
- Department of Anthropology Stanford University Stanford California USA
| | - Jay T. Stock
- Department of Anthropology Western University London Ontario Canada
- Department of Archaeology Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History Jena Germany
| | - Andrej Shbat
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic
| | - Bárbara D. Bitarello
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Nicole Nicklisch
- Center of Natural and Cultural Human History Danube Private University Krems Austria
| | - Kurt W. Alt
- Center of Natural and Cultural Human History Danube Private University Krems Austria
| | - Wolfgang Haak
- Department of Archaeogenetics Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History Jena Germany
| | - Eva Rosenstock
- Bonn Center for ArchaeoSciences Institut für Archäologie und Kulturanthropologie, Universität Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Christopher B. Ruff
- Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Iain Mathieson
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
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13
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Nicklisch N, Schierz O, Enzmann F, Knipper C, Held P, Vach W, Dresely V, Meller H, Friederich S, Alt KW. Dental pulp calcifications in prehistoric and historical skeletal remains. Ann Anat 2021; 235:151675. [PMID: 33515689 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of hard tissue formations in the dental pulp varies considerably. Beside ageing processes and irritations of the dental pulp, etiological associations with cardiovascular disease and dietary habits have been discussed, which are of particular research interest. The aim of this pilot study is to provide new insights on structural and etiological factors involved in the development of pulp calcifications by investigating skeletal remains from different (pre)historic periods. METHODS The jaws of 46 skeletons excavated in central Germany, were examined for the presence of pulp stones using digital volume tomography (DVT). A total of 1122 teeth were examined with all tooth types considered. To obtain information about the three-dimensional structure of pulp calcifications, micro-CT images were taken. Thin sections of three molars were histologically analysed. Potential dietary effects were studied by analysing stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ15N) in bone samples collected from each individual. RESULTS The analysis indicates that pulp stones affect molars in particular and increase slightly with age and dental wear. The micro-CT scans and the histological analysis show that the structures are much more complex than presumed on the basis of DVT imaging. Individuals with lower δ15N-isotope values and thus with a potentially lower proportion of animal protein in their diet appear to be less affected by pulp stones. CONCLUSION When comparing between archaeological and recent data, DVT analysis provides qualitatively comparable results. Micro-CT and histological images illustrate the excellent preservation of pulp calcifications and their complex structure. Differences in prevalence rates and δ15N-isotope values of Neolithic and historical individuals support the assumption that dietary habits and living conditions could have an influence on the development of pulp calcifications. Due to the small sample size these results require further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Nicklisch
- Danube Private University, Förthofstraße 2, 3500 Krems-Stein, Austria.
| | - Oliver Schierz
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Materials Science, Leipzig University, Liebigstr. 12, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Frieder Enzmann
- Institute of Geosciences, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 21, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Corina Knipper
- Curt Engelhorn Centre Archaeometry gGmbH, D6, 3, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Petra Held
- Institute of Anthropology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.
| | - Werner Vach
- Institute of Prehistory and Archaeological Science, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, 4055 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Veit Dresely
- State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt - State Museum of Prehistory, Richard-Wagner-Str. 9, 06114 Halle [Saale], Germany.
| | - Harald Meller
- State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt - State Museum of Prehistory, Richard-Wagner-Str. 9, 06114 Halle [Saale], Germany.
| | - Susanne Friederich
- State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt - State Museum of Prehistory, Richard-Wagner-Str. 9, 06114 Halle [Saale], Germany.
| | - Kurt W Alt
- Danube Private University, Förthofstraße 2, 3500 Krems-Stein, Austria; Institute of Prehistory and Archaeological Science, University of Basel, Spalenring 145, 4055 Basel, Switzerland.
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14
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Pechtl J, Land A. Tree rings as a proxy for seasonal precipitation variability and Early Neolithic settlement dynamics in Bavaria, Germany. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210438. [PMID: 30699136 PMCID: PMC6353135 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the dynamic of Neolithic settlement on a local scale and its connection to climate variability is often difficult due to missing on-site climate reconstructions from natural archives. Here we bring together archaeological settlement data and a regional climate reconstruction from precipitation-sensitive trees. Both archives hold information about regional settlement dynamics and hydroclimate variability spanning the time of the first farming communities, the so called Linearbandkeramik (LBK) in Bavaria, Germany. Precipitation-sensitive tree-ring series from subfossil oak are used to develop a spring-summer precipitation reconstruction (5700-4800 B.C.E.) representative for southern Germany. Early Neolithic settlement data from Bavaria, mainly for the duration of the LBK settlement activities, are critically evaluated and compared to this unique regional hydroclimate reconstruction as well as to reconstructions of Greenland temperature, summer sea surface temperature, delta 18O and global solar irradiance to investigate the potential impact of climate on Neolithic settlers and their settlement dynamic during the LBK. Our hydroclimate reconstruction demonstrates an extraordinarily high frequency of severe dry and wet spring-summer seasons during the entire LBK, with particularly high year-to-year variability from 5400 to 5101 B.C.E. and with lower fluctuations until 4801 B.C.E. A significant influence of regional climate on the dynamic of the LBK is possible (e.g. around 4960 B.C.E.), but should be interpreted very carefully due to asynchronous trends in settlement dynamics. Thus, we conclude that even when a climate proxy such as tree rings that has excellent spatio-temporal resolution is available, it remains difficult to establish potential connections between the settlement dynamic of the LBK and climate variability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Land
- Institute of Botany (210a), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Applied Forest Sciences, Rottenburg am Neckar, Germany
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