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MacFarlane AJ, Whelan T, Weiss-Laxer NS, Haider MN, Dinse SA, Bisson LJ, Marzo JM. Factors Associated With Awareness, Adoption, and Implementation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Prevention in Youth Sports. Sports Health 2024; 16:588-595. [PMID: 37395150 PMCID: PMC11195854 DOI: 10.1177/19417381231184427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most common injuries in adolescent athletes and result in significant financial and physical morbidity. Evidence-based programs designed to prevent ACL injury are effective. However, their adoption remains low. We sought to evaluate the awareness, evidence-based implementation, and barriers to implementation of ACL injury prevention programs (ACL-IPP) among youth athletic coaches. HYPOTHESIS Higher education level of the coach, higher level of training, number of teams coached, and coaching female teams would be associated with ACL-IPP implementation. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4. METHODS We conducted an email survey sent to all 63 school districts within Section VI of the New York State Public High School Athletic Association. We employed descriptive statistics and tests of correlation to identify factors associated with ACL-IPP implementation. RESULTS A total of 73% of coaches said they were aware of ACL-IPP, and only 12% of coaches implemented ACL-IPP according to best evidence. Coaches of higher competitive levels were more likely to adopt ACL-IPP (P = 0.01), more likely to use them multiple times per week (P = 0.03), and for ≥1 seasons (P = 0.02). Coaches of multiple teams were more likely to adopt ACL-IPP (P = 0.01). There were no differences in evidence-based implementation of ACL-IPP with gender coached or level of education of the coach. CONCLUSION Overall awareness, adoption, and evidence-based implementation of ACL-IPP remain low. These results suggest that coaches at higher levels of play and multiple teams tend to use ACL-IPP more often. Gender coached and level of education do not appear to be associated with awareness or implementation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Evidence-based ACL-IPP implementation remains low. Targeting coaches of younger athletes and fewer teams with local outreach programs and ACL-IPP may increase the implementation of ACL-IPP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy Whelan
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | | | | | - Scott A. Dinse
- UBMD Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Buffalo, New York
| | | | - John M. Marzo
- UBMD Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Buffalo, New York
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2
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Lutz D, van den Berg C, Räisänen AM, Shill IJ, Kim J, Vaandering K, Hayden A, Pasanen K, Schneider KJ, Emery CA, Owoeye OBA. Best practices for the dissemination and implementation of neuromuscular training injury prevention warm-ups in youth team sport: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med 2024; 58:615-625. [PMID: 38684329 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2023-106906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate best practices for neuromuscular training (NMT) injury prevention warm-up programme dissemination and implementation (D&I) in youth team sports, including characteristics, contextual predictors and D&I strategy effectiveness. DESIGN Systematic review. DATA SOURCES Seven databases were searched. ELIGIBILITY The literature search followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. INCLUSION CRITERIA participation in a team sport, ≥70% youth participants (<19 years), D&I outcomes with/without NMT-related D&I strategies. The risk of bias was assessed using the Downs & Black checklist. RESULTS Of 8334 identified papers, 68 were included. Sport participants included boys, girls and coaches. Top sports were soccer, basketball and rugby. Study designs included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) (29.4%), cross-sectional (23.5%) and quasi-experimental studies (13.2%). The median Downs & Black score was 14/33. Injury prevention effectiveness (vs efficacy) was rarely (8.3%) prioritised across the RCTs evaluating NMT programmes. Two RCTs (2.9%) used Type 2/3 hybrid approaches to investigate D&I strategies. 19 studies (31.6%) used D&I frameworks/models. Top barriers were time restrictions, lack of buy-in/support and limited benefit awareness. Top facilitators were comprehensive workshops and resource accessibility. Common D&I strategies included Workshops with supplementary Resources (WR; n=24) and Workshops with Resources plus in-season Personnel support (WRP; n=14). WR (70%) and WRP (64%) were similar in potential D&I effect. WR and WRP had similar injury reduction (36-72%) with higher adherence showing greater effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS Workshops including supplementary resources supported the success of NMT programme implementation, however, few studies examined effectiveness. High-quality D&I studies are needed to optimise the translation of NMT programmes into routine practice in youth sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Destiny Lutz
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carla van den Berg
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anu M Räisänen
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy Education - Oregon, Western University of Health Sciences College of Health Sciences - Northwest, Lebanon, Oregon, USA
| | - Isla J Shill
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jemma Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science, University of Delaware College of Health Sciences, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Kenzie Vaandering
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alix Hayden
- Libraries and Cultural Resources, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kati Pasanen
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Tampere Research Center for Sports Medicine, Ukk Instituutti, Tampere, Finland
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Chilrden's Hopsital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kathryn J Schneider
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Chilrden's Hopsital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Sport Medicine Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carolyn A Emery
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Chilrden's Hopsital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
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Silvers-Granelli H, Bizzini M, Mandelbaum B, Arundale A, Pohlig R, Snyder-Mackler L. High Compliance with the 11+ Injury Prevention Program Results in Better Win-Loss Records. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2023; 18:1065-1075. [PMID: 37795333 PMCID: PMC10547084 DOI: 10.26603/001c.87502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The 11+ injury prevention program (IPP) has been shown to decrease injury rates. However, few studies have investigated compliance and its overall relationship to team performance. Hypothesis/Purpose To examine if level of compliance while implementing the 11+ would impact team performance outcomes (wins, losses and ties). The authors hypothesized that higher team compliance to the IPP would be consistent with improved overall team performance (more wins and fewer losses). Study Design Prospective, cluster randomized controlled trial. Methods This study was conducted in NCAA men's soccer teams for one season and examined the efficacy of the 11+ IPP. The outcome variables examined were levels of compliance and team performance record: wins, losses, and ties. Twenty-seven teams (n=675 players) served as the intervention group (IG) and used the 11+ program while 34 teams (n=850 players) served as the control group (CG). Compliance and team performance were recorded. There were three compliance categories that were defined prospectively, low (LC, < 1 dose/week), moderate (MC, >1 and <2 doses/week), and high (HC, >2 doses/week). Descriptive and inferential tests were used to compare the CG, the IG, and compliance to team performance. Three independent t-tests were used to analyze outcome to group (IG vs. CG). A one way-MANOVA test was used to analyze compliance to win/loss/tie record, followed up by one-way ANOVA tests to analyze how compliance impacted wins, losses and ties, independently. Partial η2 measures were calculated to determine the effect size of level of compliance on outcome. A Tukey post-hoc analysis was used to analyze specific differences between levels of compliance and specific outcome measures. Results There were significantly more wins (IG: 10.67±2.63 versus CG: 8.15±3.83, CI, 7.95 - 9.69, p = 0.005) and fewer losses (IG: 5.56±1.97 versus CG: 8.12±3.59, CI, 5.66 to 7.43, p = 0.002) recorded for the teams using the 11+ program. There was a statistically significant difference between levels of compliance (high, moderate or low) on the dependent variables (wins, losses, and ties), F(3, 22) = 3.780, p =0.004; Wilks' Λ = .435; partial η2 = .340. Conclusion The 11+ has the capacity to improve overall team performance in male collegiate soccer teams. The higher the compliance, the more favorable the team performance. This research may be a vital addition when attempting to persuade coaching staffs to adopt an IPP into their training regimen. Level of Evidence Level I.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bert Mandelbaum
- Orthopaedic Surgery Cedars-Sinai Kerlan-Jobe Institute - Santa Monica
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Hawkinson LE, Yates L, Minnig MC, Register-Mihalik JK, Golightly YM, Padua DA. Understanding Youth Sport Coaches' Perceptions of Evidence-Based Injury-Prevention Training Programs: A Systematic Literature Review. J Athl Train 2022; 57:877-893. [PMID: 36638345 PMCID: PMC9842123 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-0215.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review and summarize the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and contextual perceptions of youth sport coaches toward injury-prevention training programs by using the Theoretical Domains Framework to guide the organization of results. DATA SOURCES Systematic searches of PubMed and Google Scholar were undertaken in November 2021. STUDY SELECTION The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol was followed. Results were limited to full-text articles that were published in peer-reviewed journals and printed in English. Additional studies were added after a citation search of included studies. Studies were eligible for inclusion if researchers evaluated youth sport coaches' knowledge, beliefs, contextual perceptions, or all 3 of anterior cruciate ligament injury-prevention training programs. DATA EXTRACTION Data charting was performed by 1 author and confirmed by a separate author. DATA SYNTHESIS Of the 1194 articles identified, 19 were included in the final sample. Among articles in which researchers assessed knowledge (n = 19), coaches' awareness of the existence and components of injury-prevention training programs was inconsistent. Among articles in which researchers assessed beliefs (n = 19), many coaches had positive attitudes toward injury-prevention training programs, but few believed youth athletes are at a high risk of injury. Among articles in which researchers assessed contextual perceptions (n = 13), many coaches did not feel they had access to information about injury-prevention training programs and cited a lack of time, space, support, and other resources as barriers to implementation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the need for programs, protocols, and policies to enhance knowledge of and support for youth sport coaches who wish to implement injury-prevention training programs. A gap exists in the research about addressing the needs of youth sport coaches in the United States high school sports setting. The use of multilevel implementation science frameworks (such as the Theoretical Domains Framework) will be beneficial for identifying constructs that affect implementation and developing train-the-trainer programming to meet the needs of individual youth sport coaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Hawkinson
- Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Lindsey Yates
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Mary Catherine Minnig
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Johna K. Register-Mihalik
- Matthew Gfeller Center and STAR Heel Performance Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Yvonne M. Golightly
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha
| | - Darin A. Padua
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomedical Engineering, Allied Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- MOTION Science Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Barden C, Hancock MV, Stokes KA, Roberts SP, McKay CD. Effectiveness of the Activate injury prevention exercise programme to prevent injury in schoolboy rugby union. Br J Sports Med 2022; 56:812-817. [PMID: 35387776 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-105170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The efficacious Activate injury prevention exercise programme has been shown to prevent injuries in English schoolboy rugby union. There is now a need to assess the implementation and effectiveness of Activate in the applie setting. METHODS This quasi-experimental study used a 24-hour time-loss injury definition to calculate incidence (/1000 hours) and burden (days lost/1000 hours) for individuals whose teams adopted Activate (used Activate during season) versus non-adopters. The dose-response relationship of varying levels of Activate adherence (median Activate sessions per week) was also assessed. Player-level rugby exposure, sessional Activate adoption and injury reports were recorded by school gatekeepers. Rate ratios (RR), adjusted by cluster (team), were calculated using backwards stepwise Poisson regression to compare rates between adoption and adherence groups. RESULTS Individuals in teams adopting Activate had a 23% lower match injury incidence (RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.07), 59% lower training injury incidence (RR 0.41, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.97) and 26% lower match injury burden (95% CI 0.46 to 1.20) than individuals on non-adopting teams. Individuals with high Activate adherence (≥3 sessions per week) had a 67% lower training injury incidence (RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.91) and a 32% lower match injury incidence (RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.92) than individuals with low adherence (<1 session per week). While 65% of teams adopted Activate during the season, only one team used Activate three times per week, using whole phases and programme progressions. CONCLUSION Activate is effective at preventing injury in English schoolboy rugby. Attention should focus on factors influencing programme uptake and implementation, ensuring Activate can have maximal benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Barden
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK .,School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, UK
| | | | - Keith A Stokes
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Rugby Football Union, Twickenham, UK
| | | | - Carly D McKay
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Centre for Motivation and Health Behaviour Change, University of Bath, Bath, UK
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6
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Ross AG, McKay MJ, Pappas E, Fortington L, Peek K. Direct and indirect costs associated with injury in sub-elite football in Australia: a population study using 3 years of sport insurance records. J Sci Med Sport 2022; 25:743-749. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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The "SHRed Injuries Basketball" Neuromuscular Training Warm-up Program Reduces Ankle and Knee Injury Rates by 36% in Youth Basketball. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022; 52:40-48. [PMID: 34972488 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2022.10959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of a neuromuscular training warm-up prevention program, Surveillance in High school and community sport to Reduce (SHRed) Injuries Basketball, for reducing all-complaint ankle and knee injuries in youth basketball players. DESIGN Quasi-experimental study. METHODS High school/club basketball teams (male and female players aged 11-18 years) in Calgary, Canada participated in 2016-2017 (control; season 1) and 2017-2018 (intervention; season 2). The control season included a standard-of-practice warm-up. In season 2, a SHRed Injuries Basketball coach workshop was completed by participating team coaches. Teams were randomized by school/club to an unsupervised or a supervised (weekly supervision by study personnel) implementation of the coach-delivered SHRed Injuries Basketball program. The 10-minute SHRed Injuries Basketball program included 13 exercises (ie, aerobic, agility, strength, balance). All-complaint ankle and knee injuries were collected weekly using validated injury surveillance. Multilevel, multivariable Poisson regression analyses (considering important covariates, clustering by team and individual, and offset by exposure hours) estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) by intervention group (season 1 versus season 2) and secondarily considered the control versus completion of the SHRed Injuries Basketball program, unsupervised and supervised. RESULTS Sixty-three teams (n = 502 players) participated in season 1 and 31 teams (n = 307 players: 143 unsupervised, 164 supervised) participated in season 2. The SHRed Injuries Basketball program was protective against all-complaint knee and ankle injuries (IRR = 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51, 0.79). Unsupervised (IRR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.83) and supervised (IRR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.85) implementations of the SHRed Injuries Basketball program had similar protective effects. CONCLUSION The SHRed Injuries Basketball program was associated with a 36% lower rate of ankle and knee injuries. Neuromuscular training warm-ups are recommended as the minimal standard of practice for injury prevention in youth basketball. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(1):40-48. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.10959.
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8
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Arundale AJH, Silvers-Granelli HJ, Myklebust G. ACL injury prevention: Where have we come from and where are we going? J Orthop Res 2022; 40:43-54. [PMID: 33913532 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are one of the most common and severe knee injuries across sports. As such, ACL injury prevention has been a focus of research and sports medicine practice for the past three-plus decades. Examining the current research and identifying both clinical strategies and research gaps, the aim of this review is to empower clinicians and researchers with knowledge of where the ACL injury prevention literature is currently and where it is going in the future. This paper examines the mechanism of ACL injury prevention, screening, implementation, compliance, adherence, coronavirus, and areas of future research. Clinical significance: The time lag between research and practical implementation in general healthcare settings can be as long as 17 years; however, athletes playing sports today are unable to wait that long. With effective programs already established, implementation and adherence to these programs is essential. Strategies such as coaching education, increasing awareness of free programs, identifying barriers, and overcoming implementation obstacles through creative collaboration are just a few ways that could help improve both ACL injury prevention implementation and adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia J H Arundale
- Department of Rehabilitation, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York, USA.,Red Bull Athlete Performance Center, Red Bull GmBH, Thalgua, Austria
| | - Holly J Silvers-Granelli
- Velocity Physical Therapy, Santa Monica, California, USA.,Major League Soccer, Medical Research Committee, New York, New York, USA
| | - Grethe Myklebust
- Department of Sports Medicine, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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9
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Zhang F, Huang Y, Ren W. Basketball Sports Injury Prediction Model Based on the Grey Theory Neural Network. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:1653093. [PMID: 34471505 PMCID: PMC8405319 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1653093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sports injuries will have an impact on the consistency and systemicity of the training process, as well as athlete training and performance improvement. Many talented athletes have had their careers cut short due to sports injuries. Preventing sports injuries is the best way for basketball players to reduce sports injuries. Many coaches and athletes on sports teams, on the other hand, are unaware of the importance of sports injury prevention. They only realize that the body's sports functions are abnormal when it suffers from sports injuries. As a result, this paper proposes a gray theory neural network-based athlete injury prediction model. First, from the standpoint of a single model, the improved unequal interval model is used to predict sports injury by optimizing the unequal interval model in gray theory. The findings show that it is a good predictor of sports injuries, but it is a poor predictor of the average number of injuries. Following that, in order to overcome the shortcomings of a single model, a gray neural network combination model was used. A combination model of the unequal time interval model and BP neural network was determined and established. The prediction effect is significantly improved by combining the gray neural network mapping model and the coupling model to predict the two characteristics of sports injuries. Finally, simulation experiments show that the proposed method is effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Zhang
- Physical Education Department, Shijiazhuang Information Engineering Vocational College, Shijiazhuang 05000, Hebei, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Sports Arts, Hebei Sport University, Shijiazhuang 05000, Hebei, China
| | - Wengang Ren
- Department of Sports Training, Hebei Sport University, Shijiazhuang 05000, Hebei, China
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Alahmad TA, Tierney AC, Cahalan RM, Almaflehi NS, Clifford AM. Injury risk profile of amateur Irish women soccer players and players' opinions on risk factors and prevention strategies. Phys Ther Sport 2021; 50:184-194. [PMID: 34098324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore injury profile, opinions on risk factors and injury prevention, among Irish amateur women soccer players. DESIGN A cross-sectional online survey. SETTING Irish amateur winter league. PARTICIPANTS Active players ≤18 years of age. MAIN OUTCOMES Differences were found between injured and uninjured groups, and risk factors that significantly predict soccer injury were identified. RESULTS 168 injuries were reported by 83 respondents during the winter season. An increased prevalence of competition anxiety was observed in (53.8%:n = 85 of respondents) compared to other risk factors. There was a negative association between injuries and players' general health state (OR = 0.820, 95% CI 0.7-0.9, p = 0.007). Players' knowledge about some risk factors including playing position, joint hypermobility, and playing during menses contradicts current evidence. 50%; n = 67 of the respondents had not received any education on injury risk or prevention. CONCLUSION This study identified that Irish amateur women soccer players that responded have different characteristics, prevalence of risk factors and injury profiles to women players from different levels and countries. The findings suggest that some players may not be aware of the existing evidence base pertaining to common risk factors for injury. Further research is required to confirm the findings and explore the implementation of injury prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahani A Alahmad
- School of Allied Health, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick, Ireland; College of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Physical Therapy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Audrey C Tierney
- School of Allied Health, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick, Ireland; School of Allied Health and Health Implementation Science and Technology Group, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Roisin M Cahalan
- School of Allied Health, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick, Ireland; Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Nassr S Almaflehi
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; KSU Chair of Medical Education Research and Development, Collage of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amanda M Clifford
- School of Allied Health, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick (UL), Limerick, Ireland; Ageing Research Centre, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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11
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Barden C, Stokes KA, McKay CD. Utilising a Behaviour Change Model to Improve Implementation of the Activate Injury Prevention Exercise Programme in Schoolboy Rugby Union. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115681. [PMID: 34073218 PMCID: PMC8199066 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) is a behaviour change model showing promise in positively changing youth sport coaches’ injury prevention behaviours. This study incorporated the HAPA model into coach training workshops for Activate, an efficacious rugby injury prevention programme. Primary aims were to investigate the effect of the workshop on schoolboy rugby union coaches’ (1) perceptions towards injury risk and prevention, (2) Activate adoption and adherence. Secondary aims were to (3) assess the differences in post-season HAPA constructs between workshop attendees and non-attendees, (4) explore associations between HAPA constructs and Activate adherence. In the pre-season, all participants (n = 76) completed a baseline survey, with 41 coaches electing to attend a workshop. Participants completed a post-season survey assessing HAPA constructs and Activate adoption and adherence throughout the season. The workshop did not affect coach perceptions of injury risk and prevention. Attendees had significantly greater rates of Activate adoption (95% vs. 54% χ2 = 17.42, p < 0.01) and adherence (median = 2 sessions vs. ≤1 session per week; z = 3.45, p = 0.03) than non-attendees. At post-season, attendees had significantly greater task self-efficacy (z = −3.46, p < 0.05) and intention (z = −4.33, p < 0.05) to use Activate. These results support the delivery of coach workshops that utilise a behaviour change model to maximise programme implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Barden
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; (K.A.S.); (C.D.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Keith A. Stokes
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; (K.A.S.); (C.D.M.)
- Rugby Football Union, Twickenham TW2 7BA, UK
| | - Carly D. McKay
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; (K.A.S.); (C.D.M.)
- Centre for Motivation and Health Behaviour Change, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
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12
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Barden C, Stokes KA, McKay CD. Implementation of the Activate injury prevention exercise programme in English schoolboy rugby union. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2021; 7:e001018. [PMID: 34012555 PMCID: PMC8098930 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-001018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The implementation of the Activate injury prevention exercise programme has not been assessed in an applied context. This study aimed to (1) describe the knowledge and perceptions of school rugby coaches and players towards injury risk, prevention and Activate and (2) evaluate Activate implementation in schoolboy rugby using the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance framework. Methods Bespoke electronic surveys were administered to coaches (including support staff) and players at participating English schools (2018–2020). Most questions and statements were answered using a 7-point Likert scale. At baseline, participants detailed their Activate awareness and perceptions of injury risk and prevention in schoolboy rugby. At postseason, participants reported Activate use throughout the study and their perceptions towards the programme. Results At baseline, significant differences existed between coaches (n=106) and players (n=571) in Activate awareness (75% and 13% respectively; χ2=173.5, p<0.001). Coaches perceived rugby had a significantly greater injury risk than players, while holding more positive perceptions towards injury prevention. At postseason, coaches reported greater Activate adoption compared with players (76% and 18% respectively; χ2=41.8, p<0.001); 45% of players were unaware if they used the programme. Median session adherence was twice weekly, with a median duration of 10–15 min. This suggests Activate was not implemented as intended, with recommendations of three 20 min sessions per week. Both groups identified common barriers to implementation, such as lack of time and inclusion of a ball. Conclusion Coaches are instrumental in the decision to implement Activate. Targeting behavioural change in these individuals is likely to have the greatest impact on intervention uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Barden
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Keith A Stokes
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Rugby Football Union, Twickenham, London, UK
| | - Carly D McKay
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,Centre for Motivation and Health Behaviour Change, University of Bath, Bath, UK
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13
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Sports Injury Prevention is Complex: We Need to Invest in Better Processes, Not Singular Solutions. Sports Med 2021; 50:689-702. [PMID: 31741293 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01232-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, an understanding has developed that sports injuries are the emergent outcomes of complex, dynamic systems. Thus, the influence of local contextual factors on injury outcomes is increasingly being acknowledged. These realisations place injury prevention research at a crossroads. Currently, injury prevention researchers develop universally applicable injury prevention solutions, but the adoption of these solutions in practice is low. This occurs because implementation contexts are both unique and dynamic in nature, and as a result singular, static solutions are often incompatible. In contrast, practitioners address injury prevention through iterative cycles of trial and error, aiming to optimise the injury prevention process within their own unique contexts. The purpose of this critical review is to draw attention to the misalignment between research and practice-based approaches to injury prevention. In light of this, we propose alternative research approaches that acknowledge the process-driven nature of injury prevention in practice. We propose that a core focus of sport injury prevention research should be to provide practitioners with useful and relevant information to support their decision making around their localised injury prevention practice. Through this approach, injury prevention research ceases to be about what works, and begins to engage with understanding what works in what contexts and why?
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14
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Owoeye OBA, McKay CD, RÄisÄnen AM, Hubkarao T, Palacios-Derflingher L, Emery CA. Psychosocial Factors and the Effects of a Structured Injury Prevention Workshop on Coaches' Self-Efficacy to Implement the 11+ Exercise Program. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2020; 13:1459-1475. [PMID: 33414881 PMCID: PMC7745906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Psychosocial factors have both direct and indirect influence on behavior change. Self-efficacy is a key psychosocial factor driving behavior change. It is an individual's perceived capability of performing a desired action. Structured injury prevention workshops targeting improvements in psychosocial factors in coaches may enhance the dissemination and implementation of the 11+ program in community settings. This study describes baseline psychosocial factors in youth soccer coaches and the effects of a structured 11+ injury prevention workshop on coaches' self-efficacy to implement the 11+. An adapted questionnaire based on the Health Action Process Approach Model was administered to a sample of coaches, before and after an 11+ workshop. Measures of self-efficacy included: their understanding of the 11+; their ability to use the 11+; using the 11+ with limited space, and using the 11+ when players lacked interest. Data from 73 of 81 coaches were retained for analyses. The majority (74%) of coaches knew about the 11+ program before the workshop, mostly through internet resources and colleagues. 40% to 55% of coaches had at least one unit increase (range, 1 to 6); 29% to 48% did not have a change in measures of self-efficacy. Ten percent to 24% had at least one unit decrease (range, -1 to -3). Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test (with Bonferroni correction) indicated significant increases in coaches' post-workshop (compared to baseline) mean ranks for three of the four self-efficacy measures (p≤0.013). A structured workshop significantly improved self-efficacy towards the implementation of the 11+ program in youth soccer coaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, MO, UNITED STATES
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CANADA
| | - Carly D McKay
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Anu M RÄisÄnen
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CANADA
| | - Tate Hubkarao
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CANADA
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CANADA
| | - Luz Palacios-Derflingher
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CANADA
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CANADA
| | - Carolyn A Emery
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CANADA
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CANADA
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CANADA
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CANADA
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CANADA
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Calgary, AB, CANADA
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15
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Owoeye OBA, Rauvola RS, Brownson RC. Dissemination and implementation research in sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy: translating evidence to practice and policy. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2020; 6:e000974. [PMID: 33304607 PMCID: PMC7704287 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge from research evidence is wasted unless it is applied. While the scientific evidence base for many sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy interventions is robust, real-world implementation and evolution to scale remains an ongoing challenge. Dissemination and implementation research is important to generate evidence-informed, cost-effective and context-specific strategies for implementation partners and stakeholders to effectively apply and sustain the best research evidence in public health and clinical practice. However, this field of inquiry remains underexplored in sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy. Most intervention studies in sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy are terminated at the efficacy trial stage without considerations for best practices for translation to community and clinical settings. Lack of context-specific dissemination and implementation strategies to drive the translation of evidence-based interventions results in poor execution of, and attrition from, interventions, and this is associated with suboptimal outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Theory-driven quality research informing the successful dissemination and implementation of evidence-based interventions is needed to address lingering evidence-to-practice gaps. Dissemination and implementation research completes the final stage in the research-to-practice pipeline. It seeks to close evidence-to-practice gaps, thereby ensuring speedy application of research evidence to achieve desired public health outcomes while making more efficient use of limited resources. This review introduces sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy researchers and stakeholders to key concepts and principles in dissemination and implementation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rachel S Rauvola
- Department of Psychology, College of Science and Health, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ross C Brownson
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School; Department of Surgery (Division of Public Health Sciences) and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
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16
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Owoeye OBA, Emery CA, Befus K, Palacios-Derflingher L, Pasanen K. How much, how often, how well? Adherence to a neuromuscular training warm-up injury prevention program in youth basketball. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:2329-2337. [PMID: 32588750 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1782578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Adherence is a key implementation outcome that determines the effectiveness of an intervention. This study, an observational design involving coaches and players from 33 high school basketball teams, evaluated the dimensions of adherence to a basketball-specific neuromuscular training (NMT) warm-up program in youth basketball. Coach adherence (daily report of team adherence) was collected prospectively. Adherence measures: cumulative utilization (proportion of total sessions possible), utilization fidelity (average # of exercises completed per NMT session), utilization frequency (average # of NMT sessions completed per week) were calculated and further evaluated for optimal adherence (≥80%, ≥10.4 exercises/session and ≥2 sessions/week, respectively) per coach. Additionally, exercise fidelity (proportion of players performing individual exercises correctly) was assessed. Coach (n = 31; 27-59 years) median cumulative utilization was 80%, utilization fidelity was 12 (of a possible 13 exercises per session) and utilization frequency was 2.3 sessions per week. Optimal adherence ranged from 52% to 71% across measures of adherence. Player exercise fidelity was 48%. Time constraint (47%) was the most frequently reported adherence barrier. While coach adherence to the NMT warm-up program was reasonably high across measures of adherence, a considerable proportion of coaches did not attain optimal adherence levels and player exercise fidelity was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University , Saint Louis, MO, USA.,Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada
| | - Carolyn A Emery
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada.,O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada
| | - Kimberley Befus
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada
| | - Luz Palacios-Derflingher
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada
| | - Kati Pasanen
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary , Calgary, Canada.,Tampere Research Center of Sport Medicine, UKK Institute , Tampere, Finland
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17
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Wilke J, Mohr L, Tenforde AS, Vogel O, Hespanhol L, Vogt L, Verhagen E, Hollander K. Activity and Health During the SARS-CoV2 Pandemic (ASAP): Study Protocol for a Multi-National Network Trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:302. [PMID: 32582744 PMCID: PMC7291162 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The worldwide spread of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) has prompted numerous countries to restrict public life. Related measures, such as limits on social gatherings, business closures, or lockdowns, are expected to considerably reduce the individual opportunities to move outside the home. As physical activity (PA) and sport participation significantly contribute to health, this study has two objectives. The objectives of this study are to assess changes in PA and well-being since the coronavirus outbreak in affected countries. Additionally, we will evaluate the impact of digital home-based exercise programs on PA as well as physical and mental health outcomes. Method: A multinational network trial will be conducted with three planned phases (A, B, and C). Part A consists of administering a structured survey. It investigates changes in PA levels and health during the coronavirus outbreak and measures the preferences of the participants regarding online training programs. Part B is a two-armed randomized-controlled trial. Participants assigned to the intervention group (IG) will complete a digital 4-week home exercise training (live streaming via internet) guided by the survey results on content and time of program. The control group (CG) will not receive the program. Part C is 4-week access of both CG and IG to a digital archive of pre-recorded workouts from Part B. Similar to Part A, questionnaires will be used in both Part B and C to estimate the effects of exercise on measures of mental and physical health. Results and Discussion: The ASAP project will provide valuable insights into the importance of PA during a global pandemic. Our initial survey is the first to determine how governmental confinement measures impact bodily and mental well-being. Based on the results, the intervention studies will be unique to address health problems potentially arising from losses in PA. If proven effective, the newly developed telehealth programs could become a significant and easy-to-distribute factor in combating PA decreases. Results of the study may hence guide policy makers on methods to maintain PA and health when being forced to restrict public life. Study Register: DRKS00021273.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Wilke
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lisa Mohr
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Adam S Tenforde
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Oliver Vogel
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Luiz Hespanhol
- Master's and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,University Medical Centers-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lutz Vogt
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,University Medical Centers-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karsten Hollander
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States.,Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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18
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Niederer D, Willberg C, Kruse A, Exler N, Giesche F, Vogt L, Banzer W. Acute effects of preventive warm-up exercises on modifiable risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injuries: a three-arm randomized-controlled crossover trial. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2019; 60:92-101. [PMID: 31663311 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.19.09949-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to compare the potential acute effects of single bouts of a classic prevention and a risk factor-focus training aiming to target modifiable anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture risk factors and the impact of neuromuscular fatigue on relevant ACL rupture risk factors. METHODS Two preventive warm-up (standard and ACL rupture risk factor training) and one inactive arm were compared; each of these were followed by a standardized neuromuscular fatigue protocol. The assessments included two Trail making tests (TMT-A; TMT-B, time to complete), drop jump landings (knee separation distance, normalized at hip width), as well as unanticipated counter movement jump landings (time to stabilization and peak ground reaction force). RESULTS We included 18 participants (25±2years). No differences were found between times and conditions for TMT (P>0.05). A significant time effect occurred in time to stabilization (F=2.6; P<0.05) and a significant time*baseline-value*jumping time interaction was seen in peak ground reaction force (F=3.1; P<0.05). No time effect was found for any knee separation distance (F=.1-2.4; P>0.05); but a significant time*baseline-value*jumping time interaction was seen at initial ground contact (F=2.8; P<0.05), and lowest point (F=4.2; P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Risk factor-focus and classic warm-up may not differ in their acute effects on modifiable functional ACL (re-)injury risks factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Niederer
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany -
| | - Christina Willberg
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Movement and Training Science, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Adele Kruse
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nicola Exler
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Florian Giesche
- Department of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lutz Vogt
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Winfried Banzer
- Department of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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19
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Why Are You Running and Does It Hurt? Pain, Motivations and Beliefs about Injury Prevention among Participants of a Large-Scale Public Running Event. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16193766. [PMID: 31591346 PMCID: PMC6801572 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Organized running events have gained substantial popularity. This study aimed to elucidate the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, knowledge about injury prevention as well as the attitudes and motivations of individuals participating in the JP Morgan Corporate Challenge in Frankfurt (Germany). A total of 720 recreational runners completed a digital questionnaire immediately prior to the start. The majority of them displayed low to moderate physical activity levels and were rather unambitious regarding targeted finishing time. One quarter (25.3%) participated for the first time in an organized race. The most stated reasons to register were team building (76.4%) and experiencing the run's atmosphere (50.6%). In contrast, improving health played a minor role (19.4%). More than one in five individuals (n = 159 runners) reported pain, with the most common locations being the knee and lower back. Both at rest (3.2/10 on a numerical rating scale) and during activity (4.7/10), average pain intensity was clinically relevant. Almost three thirds of the participants believed that stretching and wearing appropriate shoes would be effective for injury prevention while other methods such as resistance training, balance exercise or wearing of orthoses were rarely named. Musculoskeletal pain is a significant burden in runners participating in an urban mass event. In view of the poor knowledge about injury prevention, organizers and coaches may consider offering structured preparation programs as well as tailored running-related health education.
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20
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Parsons JL, Carswell J, Nwoba IM, Stenberg H. ATHLETE PERCEPTIONS AND PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE EFFECTS OF THE FIFA 11 + PROGRAM IN 9-11 YEAR-OLD FEMALE SOCCER PLAYERS: A CLUSTER RANDOMIZED TRIAL. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2019; 14:740-752. [PMID: 31598412 PMCID: PMC6769279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strong evidence supports the use of the FIFA 11 + injury risk reduction warm-up program among soccer players, but few studies have investigated its impact on physical performance and movement control in athletes younger than 12 years of age, or the athletes' opinions of participating in the program. PURPOSE The primary purpose of this study was to measure the impact of the FIFA 11 + program on movement control [Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) and Y-Balance test (YBT)], agility, vertical jump (VJ) height, and trunk muscle endurance compared to a standard warm-up in pre-teen female athletes over one indoor soccer season. A secondary purpose was to assess the athletes' tolerance and enjoyment of the program. STUDY DESIGN Cluster randomized controlled trial. METHODS All six teams in the U10 and U11 female divisions of a developmental-level soccer club were cluster randomized to the FIFA 11 + program intervention group or the control group. Participants in the control group continued with a coach-determined warm-up for the duration of a five-month indoor soccer season. Pre- and post-season participants underwent physical testing using the agility T-test, Belt Mat vertical jump (VJ), and static plank tests; and two measures of neuromuscular control (LESS, YBT). Following the soccer season, the athletes in the intervention group also completed a bespoke Tolerance and Enjoyment questionnaire. RESULTS The 11 + group (n = 25) increased their mean static plank hold time by 26.1 ± 38.5 seconds compared to the control group (n = 18), who only increased by 2.1 ± 37.1 seconds (p = 0.047). For all athletes, there were improvements in mean LESS score (0.6 ± 1.3, p = 0.003), and T-test time (0.4 ± 0.7, p = 0.001); however, YBT scores worsened by approximately 2% from pre- to postseason. No differences were found for VJ. Athletes tolerated the program well, but the majority described the enjoyment of completing the program as moderately low. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the 11 + program may improve some aspects of physical performance in 9-11 year-old female soccer players, but the low enthusiasm for the program could have longer term adherence implications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne L Parsons
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Joanne Carswell
- Vista Place Physiotherapy and Sports Injury Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Izuchukwu Michael Nwoba
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Haley Stenberg
- Vista Place Physiotherapy and Sports Injury Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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21
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Niederer D, Plaumann U, Seitz T, Wallner F, Wilke J, Engeroff T, Giesche F, Vogt L, Banzer W. How does a 4-week motor-cognitive training affect choice reaction, dynamic balance and cognitive performance ability? A randomized controlled trial in well-trained, young, healthy participants. SAGE Open Med 2019; 7:2050312119870020. [PMID: 31448120 PMCID: PMC6693023 DOI: 10.1177/2050312119870020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We aimed to investigate the potential effects of a 4-week motor–cognitive
dual-task training on cognitive and motor function as well as exercise
motivation in young, healthy, and active adults. Methods: A total of 26 participants (age 25 ± 2 years; 10 women) were randomly
allocated to either the intervention group or a control group. The
intervention group performed a motor–cognitive training (3×/week), while the
participants of the control group received no intervention. Before and after
the intervention period of 4 weeks, all participants underwent cognitive
(d2-test, Trail Making Test) and motor (lower-body choice reaction test and
time to stabilization test) assessments. Following each of the 12 workouts,
self-reported assessments (rating of perceived exertion, enjoyment and
pleasant anticipation of the next training session) were done. Analyses of
covariances and 95% confidence intervals plotting for between group and time
effects were performed. Results: Data from 24 participants were analysed. No pre- to post-intervention
improvement nor a between-group difference regarding motor outcomes
(choice-reaction: F = 0.5; time to stabilization test: F = 0.7; p > 0.05)
occurred. No significant training-induced changes were found in the
cognitive tests (D2: F = 0.02; Trail Making Test A: F = 0.24; Trail Making
Test B: F = 0.002; p > 0.05). Both enjoyment and anticipation of the next
workout were rated as high. Discussion: The neuro-motor training appears to have no significant effects on motor and
cognitive function in healthy, young and physically active adults. This
might be explained in part by the participants’ very high motor and
cognitive abilities, the comparably low training intensity or the programme
duration. The high degree of exercise enjoyment, however, may qualify the
training as a facilitator to initiate and maintain regular physical
activity. The moderate to vigorous intensity levels further point towards
potential health-enhancing cardiorespiratory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Niederer
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ulrike Plaumann
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tanja Seitz
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Franziska Wallner
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan Wilke
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tobias Engeroff
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Florian Giesche
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lutz Vogt
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Winfried Banzer
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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