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Wei R, Chang YW, Xie HF, Wu CD, Yuan DR, Gong WR, Du YZ. Population genetic structure of Pomacea canaliculata in China based on the COI and ITS1 genes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12045. [PMID: 38802502 PMCID: PMC11130151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62554-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Comprehending the phylogeography of invasive organisms enhances our insight into their distribution dynamics, which is instrumental for the development of effective prevention and management strategies. In China, Pomacea canaliculata and Pomacea maculata are the two most widespread and damaging species of the non-native Pomacea spp.. Given this species' rapid spread throughout country, it is urgent to investigate the genetic diversity and structure of its different geographic populations, a task undertaken in the current study using the COI and ITS1 mitochondrial and ribosomal DNA genes, respectively. The result of this study, based on a nationwide systematic survey, a collection of Pomacea spp., and the identification of cryptic species, showed that there is a degree of genetic diversity and differentiation in P. canaliculata, and that all of its variations are mainly due to differences between individuals within different geographical populations. Indeed, this species contains multiple haplotypes, but none of them form a systematic geographical population structure. Furthermore, the COI gene exhibits higher genetic diversity than the ITS1 gene. Our study further clarifies the invasive pathways and dispersal patterns of P. canaliculata in China to provide a theoretical basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Ya-Wen Chang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Hong-Fang Xie
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Nanjing City, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cheng-Dong Wu
- Pukou Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Nanjing City, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Deng-Rong Yuan
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Nanjing City, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei-Rong Gong
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Banerjee P, Dey G, Maity JP, Stewart KA, Sharma RK, Chan MWY, Lee K, Chen C. The unseen invaders: Tracking phylogeographic dynamics and genetic diversity of cryptic Pomacea canaliculata and P. maculata (Golden apple snails) across Taiwan. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11268. [PMID: 38646006 PMCID: PMC11027011 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The cryptic invasion of golden apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata and P. maculata) in Taiwan has caused significant ecological and economical damage over the last few decades, however, their management remains difficult due to inadequate taxonomic identification, complex phylogeny, and limited population genetic information. We aim to understand the current distribution, putative population of origin, genetic diversity, and potential path of cryptic invasion of Pomacea canaliculata and P. maculata across Taiwan to aid in improved mitigation approaches. The present investigation conducted a nationwide survey with 254 samples collected from 41 locations in 14 counties or cities across Taiwan. We identified P. canaliculata and P. maculata based on mitochondrial COI and compared their genetic diversity across Taiwan, as well as other introduced and native countries (based on publicly available COI data) to understand the possible paths of invasion to Taiwan. Based on mitochondrial COI barcoding, sympatric and heterogeneous distributions of invasive P. canaliculata and P. maculata were noted. Our haplotype analysis and mismatch distribution results suggested multiple introductions of P. canaliculata in Taiwan was likely originated directly from Argentina, whereas P. maculata was probably introduced from a single, or a few, introduction event(s) from Argentina and Brazil. Our population genetic data further demonstrated a higher haplotype and genetic diversity for P. canaliculata and P. maculata in Taiwan compared to other introduced regions. Based on our current understanding, the establishment of P. canaliculata and P. maculata is alarming and widespread beyond geopolitical borders, requiring a concerted and expedited national and international invasive species mitigation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Banerjee
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and ManagementUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Biomedical SciencesGraduate Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng UniversityMin‐HsiungChiayi CountyTaiwan
| | - Gobinda Dey
- Department of Biomedical SciencesGraduate Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng UniversityMin‐HsiungChiayi CountyTaiwan
- Department of Agricultural ChemistryNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Jyoti Prakash Maity
- Environmental Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Biological Laboratory, School of Applied SciencesKIIT Deemed to be UniversityBhubaneswarOdishaIndia
| | - Kathryn A. Stewart
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Raju Kumar Sharma
- Doctoral Program in Science, Technology, Environment and Mathematics, Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesNational Chung Cheng UniversityMin‐HsiungChiayi CountyTaiwan
| | - Michael W. Y. Chan
- Department of Biomedical SciencesGraduate Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng UniversityMin‐HsiungChiayi CountyTaiwan
| | - Kuanhsuen Lee
- Department of Emergency MedicineDitmanson Medical Foundation Chia‐Yi Christian HospitalChiayiTaiwan
| | - Chien‐Yen Chen
- Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesNational Chung Cheng UniversityMin‐HsiungChiayi CountyTaiwan
- Center for Nano Bio‐Detection, Center for Innovative Research on Aging SocietyAIM‐HI, National Chung Cheng UniversityChiayiTaiwan
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3
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Bolek MG, Detwiler JT, Stigge HA. Selected Wildlife Trematodes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1454:391-440. [PMID: 39008272 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-60121-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The trematodes are a species-rich group of parasites, with some estimates suggesting that there are more than 24,000 species. However, the complexities associated with their taxonomic status and nomenclature can hinder explorations of the biology of wildlife trematodes, including fundamental aspects such as host use, life cycle variation, pathology, and disease. In this chapter, we review work on selected trematodes of amphibians, birds, mammals, and their snail intermediate hosts, with the goal of providing a tool kit on how to study trematodes of wildlife. We provide a brief introduction to each group of wildlife trematodes, followed by some examples of the challenges each group of trematodes has relative to the goal of their identification and understanding of the biology and interactions these organisms have with their wildlife hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Bolek
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | - Jillian T Detwiler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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4
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Genetic Diversity of Two Globally Invasive Snails in Asia and Americas in Relation with Agricultural Habitats and Climate Factors. DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14121069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The successful establishment of invasive populations is closely linked to environmental factors. It is unclear whether coexisting species in the native area follow the same genetic pattern in the invaded continents under the local climate factors. Two coexisting morphologically similar snails (Pomacea canaliculata and P. maculata), native to tropical and sub-tropical South America, have become invasive species for agriculture production and wetland conservation across five continents over 40 years. We analyzed the correlation between the genetic diversity of the two snails and the climate factors or habitat changes. Based on the 962 sequences from the invaded continents and South America, the nucleotide diversity in the agricultural habitat was low for P. canaliculata, whereas it was high for P. maculata, compared with that in the non-agricultural habitat. The two snails showed a divided population structure among the five continents. The P. canaliculata population in the invaded continents has remained stable, whereas the P. maculata population expanded suddenly. Seven main haplotype networks and two ancestral haplotypes (Pc3, Pm1) were found in the P. canaliculata and P. maculata populations. The haplotypes of the two snails were related to local climate factors. The overall fixation index of P. canaliculata and P. maculata was 0.2657 and 0.3097 between the invaded continents and South America. The population expansion of the two snails fitted the isolation-by-distance model. We discovered nine new sequences from the sampling locations. Overall, the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of the two invasive snails were closely related to geographic separation, agricultural habitat, and climate factors.
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Luo M, Zhao B, Zhang J, Qin Z. Phenotypic plasticity of the invasive apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, in China: a morphological differentiation analysis. MOLLUSCAN RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13235818.2022.2064043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Benliang Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaen Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Tay WT, Court LN, Macfadyen S, Jacomb F, Vyskočilová S, Colvin J, De Barro PJ. A high-throughput amplicon sequencing approach for population-wide species diversity and composition survey. Mol Ecol Resour 2021; 22:1706-1724. [PMID: 34918473 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Management of agricultural pests requires an understanding of pest species diversity, their interactions with beneficial insects and spatial-temporal patterns of pest abundance. Invasive and agriculturally important insect pests can build up very high populations, especially in cropping landscapes. Traditionally, sampling effort for species identification involves small sample sizes and is labour intensive. Here, we describe a multi-primer high throughput sequencing (HTS) metabarcoding method and associated analytical workflow for a rapid, intensive, high-volume survey of pest species compositions. We demonstrate our method using the taxonomically challenging Bemisia pest cryptic species complex as examples. The whiteflies Bemisia including the 'tabaci' species are agriculturally important capable of vectoring diverse plant viruses that cause diseases and crop losses. Our multi-primer metabarcoding HTS amplicon approach simultaneously process high volumes of whitefly individuals, with efficiency to detect rare (i.e., 1%) test-species, while our improved whitefly primers for metabarcoding also detected beneficial hymenopteran parasitoid species from whitefly nymphs. Field-testing our redesigned Bemisia metabarcoding primer sets across the Tanzania, Uganda and Malawi cassava cultivation landscapes, we identified the sub-Saharan Africa 1 Bemisia putative species as the dominant pest species, with other cryptic Bemisia species being detected at various abundances. We also provide evidence that Bemisia species compositions can be affected by host crops and sampling techniques that target either nymphs or adults. Our multi-primer HTS metabarcoding method incorporated two over-lapping amplicons of 472bp and 518bp that spanned the entire 657bp 3' barcoding region for Bemisia, and is particularly suitable to molecular diagnostic surveys of this highly cryptic insect pest species complex that also typically exhibited high population densities in heavy crop infestation episodes. Our approach can be adopted to understand species biodiversity across landscapes, with broad implications for improving trans-boundary biosecurity preparedness, thus contributing to molecular ecological knowledge and the development of control strategies for high-density, cryptic, pest-species complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Tay
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - L N Court
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - S Macfadyen
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - F Jacomb
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - S Vyskočilová
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham, Maritime Kent, ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| | - J Colvin
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham, Maritime Kent, ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
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Yang Q, Ip JC, Zhao X, Li J, Jin Y, Yu X, Qiu J. Molecular analyses revealed three morphologically similar species of non‐native apple snails and their patterns of distribution in freshwater wetlands of Hong Kong. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qian‐Qian Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine College of Life Sciences China Jiliang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jack Chi‐Ho Ip
- Department of Biology, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong China
- Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) Hong Kong China
| | - Xing‐Xing Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine College of Life Sciences China Jiliang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jia‐Nan Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine College of Life Sciences China Jiliang University Hangzhou China
| | - Yu‐Jie Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine College of Life Sciences China Jiliang University Hangzhou China
| | - Xiao‐Ping Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine College of Life Sciences China Jiliang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jian‐Wen Qiu
- Department of Biology, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong China
- Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) Hong Kong China
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8
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Distribution and environmental associations of invasive freshwater Pomacea snails in Peninsular Malaysia. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02634-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Taxonomic shortcuts lead to long delays in species discovery, delineation, and identification. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ng TH, Jeratthitikul E, Sutcharit C, Chhuoy S, Pin K, Pholyotha A, Siriwut W, Srisonchai R, Hogan ZS, Ngor PB. Annotated checklist of freshwater molluscs from the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia. Zookeys 2020; 958:107-141. [PMID: 32863719 PMCID: PMC7434803 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.958.53865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tonle Sap Lake in Cambodia is a crucial freshwater biodiversity hotspot and supports one of the world’s largest inland fisheries. Within the Tonle Sap basin, freshwater molluscs provide vital ecosystem services and are among the fauna targetted for commercial harvesting. Despite their importance, freshwater molluscs of the Tonle Sap basin remain poorly studied. The historical literature was reviewed and at least 153 species of freshwater molluscs have been previously recorded from throughout Cambodia, including 33 from the Tonle Sap basin. Surveys of the Tonle Sap Lake and surrounding watershed were also conducted and found 31 species, 15 bivalves (five families) and 16 gastropods (eight families), in the Tonle Sap basin, including three new records for Cambodia (Scaphulaminuta, Novaculinasiamensis, Watteblediasiamensis), the presence of globally invasive Pomaceamaculata and potential pest species like Limnopernafortunei. This study represents the most comprehensive documentation of freshwater molluscs of the Tonle Sap basin, and voucher specimens deposited at the Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Cambodia, represent the first known reference collection of freshwater molluscs in the country. In order to combat the combined anthropogenic pressures, including invasive species, climate change and dams along the Mekong River, a multi-pronged approach is urgently required to study the biodiversity, ecology, ecosystem functioning of freshwater molluscs and other aquatic fauna in the Tonle Sap basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hui Ng
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, 117377, Singapore
| | - Ekgachai Jeratthitikul
- Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chirasak Sutcharit
- Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Samol Chhuoy
- Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute (IFReDI), Fisheries Administration, No. 86, Norodom Blvd., PO Box 582, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.,Wonders of the Mekong Project, c/o IFReDI, No. 86, Norodom Blvd., PO Box 582, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Kakada Pin
- Wonders of the Mekong Project, c/o IFReDI, No. 86, Norodom Blvd., PO Box 582, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Arthit Pholyotha
- Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Warut Siriwut
- Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Ruttapon Srisonchai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Zeb S Hogan
- Wonders of the Mekong Project, c/o IFReDI, No. 86, Norodom Blvd., PO Box 582, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.,Department of Biology, University of Nevada, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Peng Bun Ngor
- Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute (IFReDI), Fisheries Administration, No. 86, Norodom Blvd., PO Box 582, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.,Wonders of the Mekong Project, c/o IFReDI, No. 86, Norodom Blvd., PO Box 582, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
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Apple snail egg perivitellin coloration, as a taxonomic character for invasive Pomacea maculata and P. canaliculata, determined by a simple method. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02255-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Kannan A, Rama Rao S, Ratnayeke S, Yow YY. The efficiency of universal mitochondrial DNA barcodes for species discrimination of Pomacea canaliculata and Pomacea maculata. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8755. [PMID: 32274263 PMCID: PMC7127494 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive apple snails, Pomacea canaliculata and P. maculata, have a widespread distribution globally and are regarded as devastating pests of agricultural wetlands. The two species are morphologically similar, which hinders species identification via morphological approaches and species-specific management efforts. Advances in molecular genetics may contribute effective diagnostic tools to potentially resolve morphological ambiguity. DNA barcoding has revolutionized the field of taxonomy by providing an alternative, simple approach for species discrimination, where short sections of DNA, the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene in particular, are used as ‘barcodes’ to delineate species boundaries. In our study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of two mitochondrial markers, the COI and 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (16S rDNA) markers for DNA barcoding of P. canaliculata and P. maculata. The COI and 16S rDNA sequences of 40 Pomacea specimens collected from six localities in Peninsular Malaysia were analyzed to assess their barcoding performance using phylogenetic methods and distance-based assessments. The results confirmed both markers were suitable for barcoding P. canaliculata and P. maculata. The phylogenies of the COI and 16S rDNA markers demonstrated species-specific monophyly and were largely congruent with the exception of one individual. The COI marker exhibited a larger barcoding gap (6.06–6.58%) than the 16S rDNA marker (1.54%); however, the magnitude of barcoding gap generated within the barcoding region of the 16S rDNA marker (12-fold) was bigger than the COI counterpart (approximately 9-fold). Both markers were generally successful in identifying P. canaliculata and P. maculata in the similarity-based DNA identifications. The COI + 16S rDNA concatenated dataset successfully recovered monophylies of P. canaliculata and P. maculata but concatenation did not improve individual datasets in distance-based analyses. Overall, although both markers were successful for the identification of apple snails, the COI molecular marker is a better barcoding marker and could be utilized in various population genetic studies of P. canaliculata and P. maculata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kannan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science & Technology, Sunway University, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Suganiya Rama Rao
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science & Technology, Sunway University, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Shyamala Ratnayeke
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science & Technology, Sunway University, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Yoon-Yen Yow
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science & Technology, Sunway University, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Selected Wildlife Trematodes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1154:321-355. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-18616-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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