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Hooyman A, Schaefer SY. Age and sex effects on Super G performance are consistent across internet devices. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SERIOUS GAMES 2023; 10:25-36. [PMID: 37846217 PMCID: PMC10578419 DOI: 10.17083/ijsg.v10i2.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
There have been recent advances in the application of online games that assess motor skill acquisition/learning and its relationship to age and biological sex, both of which are associated with dementia risk. While this online motor learning assessment (called Super G), along with other computer-based cognitive tests, was originally developed to be completed on a computer, many people (including older adults) have been shown to access the internet through a mobile device. Thus, to improve the generalizability of our online motor skill learning game, it must not only be compatible with mobile devices but also yield replicable effects of various participant characteristics on performance relative to the computer-based version. It is unknown if age and sex differentially affect game performance as a function of device type (keyboard versus touchscreen control). Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate if device type modifies the established effects of age and sex on performance. Although there was a main effect of device on performance, this effect did not alter the overall relationship between performance vs. age or sex. This establishes that Super G can now effectively be extended to both computer and mobile platforms to further test for dementia risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Hooyman
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Sydney Y Schaefer
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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Cheng C, Ebrahimi OV. A meta-analytic review of gamified interventions in mental health enhancement. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Prevratil MJ, Harwell KW, Boot WR, Towne TJ. Investigating the behavioral mechanisms of action video game effects in a complex transfer task. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2022; 230:103718. [PMID: 36095869 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, researchers have argued that playing action video games can substantially improve cognitive abilities and enhance learning. However, consensus has not been reached regarding the mechanisms through which action game experience facilitates superior performance on untrained perceptually and cognitively demanding transfer tasks. We argue that analysis of behaviors engaged in during transfer task performance may provide key insights into answering this question. In the current investigation, we examined potential action game effects in the context of a complex psychomotor task, the Space Fortress (SF) game, that allows for the detailed examination of player behaviors beyond aggregate score reports. Performance (game score) was compared between action video game players (VGPs) and non-gamers (nVGPs) in two different control interface conditions (keyboard or joystick), followed by analyses of behaviors associated with superior performance. Against expectations, VGPs displayed superior performance only in the keyboard condition, suggesting that the action gamer advantage may not generalize to less-familiar control interfaces. Performance advantages were specifically associated with more efficient ship control behaviors by VGPs. Findings highlight how process-tracing approaches may provide insight into the nature of, and mechanisms producing, action gamers' advantages on learning untrained tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Prevratil
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, United States of America.
| | - Kyle W Harwell
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, United States of America
| | - Walter R Boot
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, United States of America
| | - Tyler J Towne
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, United States of America
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4
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Applying aspects of deliberate practice to help low performers improve manual control in a complex task. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2022; 228:103656. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Cho Y, Hamm JM, Heckhausen J, Cramer SC. The role of goal adjustment during rehabilitation from stroke. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2021; 14:26-43. [PMID: 34125996 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We investigated motivational regulation involving adjustment of recovery goals in post-stroke rehabilitation via standard in-clinic physiotherapy and in-home telerehabilitation (TR). We used a secondary dataset collected at 11 US sites as part of a clinical trial using video games and game control pads designed to induce certain arm movements required for recovery (n = 124; Mage = 61.44, SD = 13.30). Participants were randomly assigned to either the TR or in-clinic condition and underwent 36 therapy sessions, reporting on their activity-inherent enjoyment for 6-8 weeks. Compared with the in-clinic patients and TR patients with high game performance, TR patients with lower game performance reported lower activity-inherent enjoyment, which is an important motivational resource for successful recovery. The results suggest that these differences occur because TR patients become discouraged by low game score feedback, which may have signaled a poor prospect for recovery. However, the results also suggest that low game performers who successfully adjusted their recovery goals were resilient to the impact of low game score feedback on their motivational resources and satisfaction with therapy. The findings suggest that goal adjustment may be particularly beneficial when patients are discouraged by feedback indicating suboptimal recovery prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwon Cho
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy M Hamm
- Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Jutta Heckhausen
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Steven C Cramer
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,California Rehabilitation Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Mathew J, Masson GS, Danion FR. Sex differences in visuomotor tracking. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11863. [PMID: 32681071 PMCID: PMC7368072 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68069-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in sex differences in human and animal cognition. However, empirical evidences supporting behavioral and neural sex differences in humans remain sparse. Visuomotor behaviors offer a robust and naturalistic empirical framework to seek for the computational mechanisms underlying sex biases in cognition. In a large group of human participants (N = 127), we investigated sex differences in a visuo-oculo-manual motor task that consists of tracking with the hand a target moving unpredictably. We report a clear male advantage in hand tracking accuracy. We tested whether men and women employ different gaze strategy or hand movement kinematics. Results show no key difference in these distinct visuomotor components. However, highly consistent differences in eye-hand coordination were evidenced by a larger temporal lag between hand motion and target motion in women. This observation echoes with other studies showing a male advantage in manual reaction time to visual stimuli. We propose that the male advantage for visuomotor tracking does not reside in a more reliable gaze strategy, or in more sophisticated hand movements, but rather in a faster decisional process linking visual information about target motion with forthcoming hand, but not eye, actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Mathew
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289, CNRS and Aix Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine de la Timone, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.,Institute of Communication Technology, Electronics and Applied Mathematics, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Georges Lemaitre 4-6 bte, 1348, Louvain-la-neuve, Belgium.,Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, 53 Avenue E Mounier, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guillaume S Masson
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289, CNRS and Aix Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine de la Timone, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Frederic R Danion
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289, CNRS and Aix Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine de la Timone, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
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Chen PS, Jamil A, Liu LC, Wei SY, Tseng HH, Nitsche MA, Kuo MF. Nonlinear Effects of Dopamine D1 Receptor Activation on Visuomotor Coordination Task Performance. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:5346-5355. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Dopamine plays an important role in the modulation of neuroplasticity, which serves as the physiological basis of cognition. The physiological effects of dopamine depend on receptor subtypes, and the D1 receptor is critically involved in learning and memory formation. Evidence from both animal and human studies shows a dose-dependent impact of D1 activity on performance. However, the direct association between physiology and behavior in humans remains unclear. In this study, four groups of healthy participants were recruited, and each group received placebo or medication inducing a low, medium, or high amount of D1 activation via the combination of levodopa and a D2 antagonist. After medication, fMRI was conducted during a visuomotor learning task. The behavioral results revealed an inverted U-shaped effect of D1 activation on task performance, where medium-dose D1 activation led to superior learning effects, as compared to placebo as well as low- and high-dose groups. A respective dose-dependent D1 modulation was also observed for cortical activity revealed by fMRI. Further analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between task performance and cortical activation at the left primary motor cortex. Our results indicate a nonlinear curve of D1 modulation on motor learning in humans and the respective physiological correlates in corresponding brain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po See Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Asif Jamil
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund 44139, Germany
| | - Lin-Cho Liu
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund 44139, Germany
| | - Shyh-Yuh Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Hsuan Tseng
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund 44139, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum 44789, Germany
| | - Min-Fang Kuo
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund 44139, Germany
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