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Anieto EM, Anieto IB, Ituen OA, Naidoo N, Ezema CI, Smits-Engelsman B. The relationship between kinaesthesia, motor performance, physical fitness and joint mobility in children living in Nigeria. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:526. [PMID: 37872483 PMCID: PMC10591369 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04348-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the relationship between kinaesthesia, motor performance, fitness, and joint mobility in children. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted involving children from two primary schools in the South-Eastern part of Nigeria. The Beighton criteria were used to measure joint mobility. Motor performance, fitness, and kinaesthesia were measured in all the children. Spearman's rank correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between the outcomes. RESULTS A total of 91 children (51.6% girls) participated in the study. The mean age of the children was 8.20 ± 1.98 years. Using a Beighton score of ≥ 6, Generalized Joint Hypermobility (GJH) was identified in a total of 35 (38.46%) children and was more prevalent in females (60.0%). Joint mobility had significant correlations with most fitness and motor performance items, but not kinaesthesia. Agility & power, and motor performance seem to be reduced if mobility is larger. Kinaesthesia was correlated with most fitness and motor performance items, indicating that better fitness and better motor performance cooccur with better kinaesthesia or vice versa. CONCLUSION Joint mobility may have a significant influence on fitness and motor performance in children. Hence, it may be useful for future studies to investigate how fitness and motor performance modulate the onset and progression of musculoskeletal symptoms in GJH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebuka Miracle Anieto
- Department of Physiotherapy and Paramedicine, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, G4 0BA, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K..
- Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Ijeoma Blessing Anieto
- Department of Gerontology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Oluwakemi Adebukola Ituen
- Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Niri Naidoo
- Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Charles I Ezema
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Bouwien Smits-Engelsman
- Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Hooyman A, Schaefer SY. Age and sex effects on Super G performance are consistent across internet devices. Int J Serious Games 2023; 10:25-36. [PMID: 37846217 PMCID: PMC10578419 DOI: 10.17083/ijsg.v10i2.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
There have been recent advances in the application of online games that assess motor skill acquisition/learning and its relationship to age and biological sex, both of which are associated with dementia risk. While this online motor learning assessment (called Super G), along with other computer-based cognitive tests, was originally developed to be completed on a computer, many people (including older adults) have been shown to access the internet through a mobile device. Thus, to improve the generalizability of our online motor skill learning game, it must not only be compatible with mobile devices but also yield replicable effects of various participant characteristics on performance relative to the computer-based version. It is unknown if age and sex differentially affect game performance as a function of device type (keyboard versus touchscreen control). Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate if device type modifies the established effects of age and sex on performance. Although there was a main effect of device on performance, this effect did not alter the overall relationship between performance vs. age or sex. This establishes that Super G can now effectively be extended to both computer and mobile platforms to further test for dementia risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Hooyman
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Sydney Y Schaefer
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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Johnson L, Burridge J, Ewings S, Westcott E, Gayton M, Demain S. Principles into Practice: An Observational Study of Physiotherapists use of Motor Learning Principles in Stroke Rehabilitation. Physiotherapy 2023; 118:20-30. [PMID: 36306569 PMCID: PMC9907222 DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) To describe a) how motor learning principles are applied during post stroke physiotherapy, with a focus on lower limb rehabilitation; and b) the context in which these principles are used, in relation to patient and/or task characteristics. DESIGN Direct non-participation observation of routine physiotherapy sessions, with data collected via video recording. A structured analysis matrix and pre-agreed definitions were used to identify, count and record: type of activity; repetitions; instructional and feedback statements (frequency and type); strategies such as observational learning and augmented feedback. Data was visualised using scatter plots, and analysed descriptively. SETTING 6 UK Stroke Units PARTICIPANTS: 89 therapy sessions were observed, involving 55 clinicians and 57 patients. RESULTS Proportion of time spent active within each session ranged from 26% to 98% (mean 85, SD 19). The frequency of task repetition varied widely, with a median of 3.7 repetitions per minute (IQR 2.1-8.6). Coaching statements were common (mean 6.46 per minute), with 52% categorised as instructions, 14% as feedback, and 34% as verbal cues/motivational statements. 13% of instructions and 6% of feedback statements were externally focussed. Examining the use of different coaching behaviours in relation to patient characteristics found no associations. Overall, practice varied widely across the dataset. CONCLUSIONS To optimise the potential for motor skill learning, therapists must manipulate features of their coaching language (what they say, how much and when) and practice design (type, number, difficulty and variability of task). There is an opportunity to implement motor learning principles more consistently, to benefit motor skill recovery following stroke. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03792126). CONTRIBUTION OF THE PAPER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Johnson
- University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust, Castle Lane East, Bournemouth, Dorset, UK; School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Building 45, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ.
| | - Jane Burridge
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Building 45, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ
| | - Sean Ewings
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ
| | - Ellie Westcott
- University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust, Castle Lane East, Bournemouth, Dorset, UK
| | - Marianne Gayton
- University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust, Castle Lane East, Bournemouth, Dorset, UK
| | - Sara Demain
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Building 45, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ
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James MK, Alfano LN, Muni-Lofra R, Reash NF, Sodhi J, Iammarino MA, Moat D, Shannon K, McCallum M, Richardson M, Eagle M, Straub V, Marini-Bettolo C, Lowes LP, Mayhew AG. Validation of the North Star Assessment for Limb-Girdle Type Muscular Dystrophies. Phys Ther 2022; 102:pzac113. [PMID: 35932452 PMCID: PMC9586158 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzac113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The North Star Assessment for limb-girdle type muscular dystrophies (NSAD), a clinician-reported outcome measure (ClinRO) of motor performance, was initially developed and validated for use in dysferlinopathy, an autosomal recessive form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD R2/2B). Recent developments in treatments for limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD) have highlighted the urgent need for disease-specific ClinROs. The purpose of this study was to understand the ability of the NSAD to quantify motor function across the broad spectrum of LGMD phenotypes. METHODS Assessments of 130 individuals with LGMD evaluated by the physical therapy teams at Nationwide Children's Hospital and the John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre were included in the analysis. NSAD, 100-m timed test (100MTT), and Performance of Upper Limb 2.0 assessment data were collected. Psychometric analysis with Rasch measurement methods was used to examine the NSAD for suitability and robustness by determining the extent to which the observed data "fit" with predictions of those ratings from the Rasch model. The NSAD score was correlated with the 100MTT and Performance of Upper Limb 2.0 assessment scores for external construct validity. RESULTS The NSAD demonstrated a good spread of items covering a continuum of abilities across both individuals who had LGMD and were ambulatory and individuals who had LGMD and were weaker and nonambulatory. Items fit well with the construct measured, validating a summed total score. The NSAD had excellent interrater reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.986, 95% CI = 0.981-0.991] and was highly correlated with the 100MTT walk/run velocity (Spearman rho correlation coefficient of rs(134) = .92). CONCLUSION Although LGMD subtypes may differ in age of onset, rate of progression, and patterns of muscle weakness, the overall impact of progressive muscle weakness on motor function is similar. The NSAD is a reliable and valid ClinRO of motor performance for individuals with LGMD and is suitable for use in clinical practice and research settings. IMPACT Recent developments in potential pharmacological treatments for LGMD have highlighted the urgent need for disease-specific outcome measures. Validated and meaningful outcome measures are necessary to capture disease presentation, to inform expected rates of progression, and as endpoints for measuring the response to interventions in clinical trials. The NSAD, a scale of motor performance for both individuals who have LGMD and are ambulatory and those who are nonambulatory, is suitable for use in clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith K James
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lindsay N Alfano
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert Muni-Lofra
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Natalie F Reash
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jassi Sodhi
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Megan A Iammarino
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Dionne Moat
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kianna Shannon
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michelle McCallum
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mark Richardson
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Michelle Eagle
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Volker Straub
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Chiara Marini-Bettolo
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Linda P Lowes
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Anna G Mayhew
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Hooyman A, Wang P, Schaefer SY. Age-related differences in functional tool-use are due to changes in movement quality and not simply motor slowing. Exp Brain Res 2021; 239:1617-26. [PMID: 33760958 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-021-06084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Age-related declines in fine motor control may impact tool-use and thereby limit functional independence. Most previous research has, however, focused on the effect of aging on gross motor tasks. Few studies have investigated the effects of aging on the strategy or quality of fine motor skills, especially in tool-use, which may better reflect how age impacts complex movement capability. Twenty-two young (ages 19-35) and 18 older adults (ages 58-87) performed a timed upper extremity task using a tool to acquire and transport objects to different locations. Overall task performance was divided into two phases based on 3-D position of the tool: a gross motor phase (object transport) and a fine motor phase (object acquisition). Overall, older adults took longer to complete the task. A linear model indicated that this was due to the duration of the fine motor phase more so than the gross motor phase. To identify age-related differences in the quality of the fine motor phase, we fit three-dimensional ellipsoids to individual data and the calculated the ellipsoid volume. Results demonstrated a significant volume-by-age interaction, whereby increased ellipsoid volume (space the tool occupied) related to increased mean dwell time for the older adult group only; younger adults did not demonstrate this relationship. Additionally, older adults with longer movement times during the fine motor phase also had lower cognitive scores. No age-related differences were observed for the gross motor phase, suggesting that age-related declines in tool-use may be due to changes in fine motor control and cognitive status.
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