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Guo X, He K, Li M, Zhang Y, Jiang J, Qian L, Gao X, Zhang C, Liu S. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Fusarium graminearum challenged with distinct fungicides and functional analysis of FgICL gene. Genomics 2024; 116:110869. [PMID: 38797456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2024.110869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is an economically important phytopathogenic fungus. Chemical control remains the dominant approach to managing this plant pathogen. In the present study, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis to understand the effects of four commercially used fungicides on F. graminearum. The results revealed a significant number of differentially expressed genes related to carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipid metabolism, particularly in the carbendazim and phenamacril groups. Central carbon pathways, including the TCA and glyoxylate cycles, were found to play crucial roles across all treatments except tebuconazole. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis reinforced the pivotal role of central carbon pathways based on identified hub genes. Additionally, critical candidates associated with ATP-binding cassette transporters, heat shock proteins, and chitin synthases were identified. The crucial functions of the isocitrate lyase in F. graminearum were also validated. Overall, the study provided comprehensive insights into the mechanisms of how F. graminearum responds to fungicide stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhao Guo
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Plant Protection, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Kai He
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Plant Protection, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Plant Protection, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Jia Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Plant Protection, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Le Qian
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Plant Protection, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Xuheng Gao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Plant Protection, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Chengqi Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shengming Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Plant Protection, Luoyang 471023, China.
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Pathogenicity Factors of Botryosphaeriaceae Associated with Grapevine Trunk Diseases: New Developments on Their Action on Grapevine Defense Responses. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11080951. [PMID: 36015071 PMCID: PMC9415585 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11080951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Botryosphaeriaceae are a family of fungi associated with the decay of a large number of woody plants with economic importance and causing particularly great losses in viticulture due to grapevine trunk diseases. In recent years, major advances in the knowledge of the pathogenicity factors of these pathogens have been made possible by the development of next-generation sequencing. This review highlights the knowledge gained on genes encoding small secreted proteins such as effectors, carbohydrate-associated enzymes, transporters and genes associated with secondary metabolism, their representativeness within the Botryosphaeriaceae family and their expression during grapevine infection. These pathogenicity factors are particularly expressed during host-pathogen interactions, facilitating fungal development and nutrition, wood colonization, as well as manipulating defense pathways and inducing impacts at the cellular level and phytotoxicity. This work highlights the need for further research to continue the effort to elucidate the pathogenicity mechanisms of this family of fungi infecting grapevine in order to improve the development of control methods and varietal resistance and to reduce the development and the effects of the disease on grapevine harvest quality and yield.
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Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the contribution of membrane transporters to acid tolerance in Lactococcus lactis. J Biotechnol 2022; 357:9-17. [PMID: 35963594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Acid stress caused by the accumulation of acidic metabolites severely affects the fermentation performance of lactic acid bacteria. In this study, to overcome the impact of acid stress during growth, nine membrane transporters were introduced in Lactococcus lactis NZ9000 to study their effects on acid tolerance. The engineered strains that overexpressed the metal ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters zitP (metal ABC transporter permease) and zitQ (metal ABC transporter ATP-binding protein) exhibited 14.5 and 9.5-fold higher survival rates, respectively, at pH 4.0 for 4 h than the control strain. During acid stress, the two recombinant strains maintained relatively higher ATP concentrations, i.e., 7.7- and 11.7-fold higher, respectively, than the control strain at pH 4.0 for 3 h. Subsequently, transcriptome analysis revealed that genes associated with ABC transporters, metal ion transport, transcriptional regulation, and stress response exhibited differentially expressed. The transcriptional level of ecfA2 gene (energy-coupling factor transporter ATPase) was substantially higher in L. lactis (ZitQ) during acid stress, and the ecfA2 gene was overexpressed in L. lactis. This recombinant strain L. lactis (EcfA2) exhibited a 598.7-fold higher survival rate than the control strain at pH 4.0 for 4 h. This study showed that the membrane transporters ZitP and ZitQ could increase acid tolerance and provided a strategy for constructing robust strains that can be used in food industry.
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Chen J, Han S, Li S, Wang M, Zhu H, Qiao T, Lin T, Zhu T. Comparative Transcriptomics and Gene Knockout Reveal Virulence Factors of Neofusicoccum parvum in Walnut. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:926620. [PMID: 35910616 PMCID: PMC9335079 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.926620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neofusicoccum parvum can cause stem and branch blight of walnut (Juglans spp.), resulting in great economic losses and ecological damage. A total of two strains of N. parvum were subjected to RNA-sequencing after being fed on different substrates, sterile water (K1/K2), and walnut (T1/T2), and the function of ABC1 was verified by gene knockout. There were 1,834, 338, and 878 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the K1 vs. K2, T1 vs. K1, and T2 vs. K2 comparison groups, respectively. The expression changes in thirty DEGs were verified by fluorescent quantitative PCR. These thirty DEGs showed the same expression patterns under both RNA-seq and PCR. In addition, ΔNpABC1 showed weaker virulence due to gene knockout, and the complementary strain NpABC1c showed the same virulence as the wild-type strain. Compared to the wild-type and complemented strains, the relative growth of ΔNpABC1 was significantly decreased when grown with H2O2, NaCl, Congo red, chloramphenicol, MnSO4, and CuSO4. The disease index of walnuts infected by the mutants was significantly lower than those infected by the wild-type and complementary strains. This result indicates that ABC1 gene is required for the stress response and virulence of N. parvum and may be involved in heavy metal resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Han
- Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujiang Li
- Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Ecological Institute, Academy of Sichuan Forestry and Grassland Inventory and Planning, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanmingyue Zhu
- Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianmin Qiao
- Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tiantian Lin
- Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianhui Zhu
- Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Nagel JH, Wingfield MJ, Slippers B. Next-generation sequencing provides important insights into the biology and evolution of the Botryosphaeriaceae. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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