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Olschewski DN, Nazarzadeh N, Lange F, Koenig AM, Kulka C, Abraham JA, Blaschke SJ, Merkel R, Hoffmann B, Fink GR, Schroeter M, Rueger MA, Vay SU. The angiotensin II receptors type 1 and 2 modulate astrocytes and their crosstalk with microglia and neurons in an in vitro model of ischemic stroke. BMC Neurosci 2024; 25:29. [PMID: 38926677 PMCID: PMC11202395 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-024-00876-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type of the central nervous system and are fundamentally involved in homeostasis, neuroprotection, and synaptic plasticity. This regulatory function of astrocytes on their neighboring cells in the healthy brain is subject of current research. In the ischemic brain we assume disease specific differences in astrocytic acting. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system regulates arterial blood pressure through endothelial cells and perivascular musculature. Moreover, astrocytes express angiotensin II type 1 and 2 receptors. However, their role in astrocytic function has not yet been fully elucidated. We hypothesized that the angiotensin II receptors impact astrocyte function as revealed in an in vitro system mimicking cerebral ischemia. Astrocytes derived from neonatal wistar rats were exposed to telmisartan (angiotensin II type 1 receptor-blocker) or PD123319 (angiotensin II type 2 receptor-blocker) under normal conditions (control) or deprivation from oxygen and glucose. Conditioned medium (CM) of astrocytes was harvested to elucidate astrocyte-mediated indirect effects on microglia and cortical neurons. RESULT The blockade of angiotensin II type 1 receptor by telmisartan increased the survival of astrocytes during ischemic conditions in vitro without affecting their proliferation rate or disturbing their expression of S100A10, a marker of activation. The inhibition of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor pathway by PD123319 resulted in both increased expression of S100A10 and proliferation rate. The CM of telmisartan-treated astrocytes reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators with simultaneous increase of anti-inflammatory markers in microglia. Increased neuronal activity was observed after treatment of neurons with CM of telmisartan- as well as PD123319-stimulated astrocytes. CONCLUSION Data show that angiotensin II receptors have functional relevance for astrocytes that differs in healthy and ischemic conditions and effects surrounding microglia and neuronal activity via secretory signals. Above that, this work emphasizes the strong interference of the different cells in the CNS and that targeting astrocytes might serve as a therapeutic strategy to influence the acting of glia-neuronal network in de- and regenerative context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Navin Olschewski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Nilufar Nazarzadeh
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Lange
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Koenig
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christina Kulka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jella-Andrea Abraham
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Mechanobiology, Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-2), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Stefan Johannes Blaschke
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Rudolf Merkel
- Department of Mechanobiology, Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-2), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Bernd Hoffmann
- Department of Mechanobiology, Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-2), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Gereon Rudolf Fink
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Michael Schroeter
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Maria Adele Rueger
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Sabine Ulrike Vay
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Karmakar V, Gorain B. Potential molecular pathways of angiotensin receptor blockers in the brain toward cognitive improvement in dementia. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103850. [PMID: 38052318 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The alarming rise of cognitive impairment and memory decline and limited effective solutions present a worldwide concern for dementia patients. The multivariant role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the brain offers strong evidence of a role for angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in the management of memory impairment by modifying glutamate excitotoxicity, downregulating inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, inhibiting kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT)-II, nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family and pyrin-domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes, boosting cholinergic activity, activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, countering cyclooxygenase (COX) and mitigating the hypoxic condition. The present work focuses on the intricate molecular mechanisms involved in brain-RAS, highlighting the role of ARBs, connecting links between evidence-based unexplored pathways and investigating probable biomarkers involved in dementia through supported preclinical and clinical literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varnita Karmakar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India
| | - Bapi Gorain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India.
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Datta M, Chatterjee S, Perez EM, Gritsch S, Roberge S, Duquette M, Chen IX, Naxerova K, Kumar AS, Ghosh M, Emblem KE, Ng MR, Ho WW, Kumar P, Krishnan S, Dong X, Speranza MC, Neagu MR, Iorgulescu JB, Huang RY, Youssef G, Reardon DA, Sharpe AH, Freeman GJ, Suvà ML, Xu L, Jain RK. Losartan controls immune checkpoint blocker-induced edema and improves survival in glioblastoma mouse models. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2219199120. [PMID: 36724255 PMCID: PMC9963691 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219199120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) have failed in all phase III glioblastoma trials. Here, we found that ICBs induce cerebral edema in some patients and mice with glioblastoma. Through single-cell RNA sequencing, intravital imaging, and CD8+ T cell blocking studies in mice, we demonstrated that this edema results from an inflammatory response following antiprogrammed death 1 (PD1) antibody treatment that disrupts the blood-tumor barrier. Used in lieu of immunosuppressive corticosteroids, the angiotensin receptor blocker losartan prevented this ICB-induced edema and reprogrammed the tumor microenvironment, curing 20% of mice which increased to 40% in combination with standard of care treatment. Using a bihemispheric tumor model, we identified a "hot" tumor immune signature prior to losartan+anti-PD1 therapy that predicted long-term survival. Our findings provide the rationale and associated biomarkers to test losartan with ICBs in glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenal Datta
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Sampurna Chatterjee
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Elizabeth M. Perez
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA02142
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Simon Gritsch
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA02142
| | - Sylvie Roberge
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Mark Duquette
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Ivy X. Chen
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Kamila Naxerova
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Ashwin S. Kumar
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02142
| | - Mitrajit Ghosh
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Kyrre E. Emblem
- Department of Physics and Computational Radiology, Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0372Norway
| | - Mei R. Ng
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - William W. Ho
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02142
| | - Pragya Kumar
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Shanmugarajan Krishnan
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Xinyue Dong
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Maria C. Speranza
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Martha R. Neagu
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - J. Bryan Iorgulescu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA02115
| | - Raymond Y. Huang
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115
| | - Gilbert Youssef
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA02215
| | - David A. Reardon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Arlene H. Sharpe
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA02142
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gordon J. Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Mario L. Suvà
- Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA02142
| | - Lei Xu
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Rakesh K. Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
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Popova E, Matveeva O, Beznos O, Tikhomirova V, Kudryashova E, Grigoriev Y, Chesnokova N, Kost O. Chitosan-Covered Calcium Phosphate Particles Co-Loaded with Superoxide Dismutase 1 and ACE Inhibitor: Development, Characterization and Effect on Intraocular Pressure. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020550. [PMID: 36839871 PMCID: PMC9962464 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Improvement of the efficiency of drug penetration into the eye tissues is still an actual problem in ophthalmology. One of the most promising solutions is drug encapsulation in carriers capable of overcoming the cornea/sclera tissue barrier. Formulations on the base of antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme, enalaprilat, were prepared by simultaneous inclusion of both drugs into calcium phosphate (CaP) particles in situ with subsequent covering of the particles with 5 kDa chitosan. The formulations obtained were characterized by dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy. Hybrid CaP-chitosan particles co-loaded with SOD1 and enalaprilat had a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 120-160 nm and ζ-potential +20 ± 1 mV. The percentage of the inclusion of SOD1 and enalaprilat in hybrid particles was 30% and 56%, respectively. The ability of SOD1 and enalaprilat to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) was examined in vivo in normotensive Chinchilla rabbits. It was shown that topical instillations of SOD1/enalaprilat co-loaded hybrid particles were much more effective in decreasing IOP compared to free enzyme or free enalaprilat and even to the same particles that contained a single drug. Thus, the proposed formulations demonstrate potential as prospective therapeutic agents for the treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Popova
- Chemistry Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olesya Matveeva
- Chemistry Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Beznos
- Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, 105062 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria Tikhomirova
- Chemistry Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Kudryashova
- Chemistry Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri Grigoriev
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Scientific Research Center Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Chesnokova
- Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, 105062 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Kost
- Chemistry Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-495-939-34-30
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Wu HJ, Kuchtey RW, Kuchtey J. Optic neuropathy associated with TGFβ dysregulation in mice with a glaucoma-causative mutation of ADAMTS10. Matrix Biol 2022; 113:83-99. [PMID: 36216203 PMCID: PMC10001177 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease that causes irreversible blindness due to loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. We previously identified a G661R mutation of ADAMTS10 (A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase with ThromboSpondin type 1 motif 10) as the disease-causing mutation in a beagle model of glaucoma. ADAMTS10 is a secreted matrix metalloproteinase that belongs to the ADAMTS family which is involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover. Previous studies have shown that ADAMTS10 binds fibrillin microfibrils, promotes their formation, and influences their fibrillin isoform composition. Here, we established a mouse model carrying the G661R mutation of ADAMTS10 (ADAMTS10G661R/G661R) to investigate its ocular phenotypes related to glaucoma and to explore possible functions of ADAMTS10. We found that ADAMTS10 was expressed in the inner retina and along RGC axons in the optic nerve. However, ADAMTS10 was not colocalized with fibrillin microfibrils in these tissues, suggesting fibrillin-independent function for ADAMTS10. In electroretinogram experiments, we found that ADAMTS10G661R/G661R mice had reduced amplitude of retinal responses to dim light stimulus, indicating RGC dysfunction. The reduced RGC function coincided with RGC axon structural changes manifested as smaller optic nerves and fewer optic nerve axons, which may contribute to glaucoma. The reduced number of optic nerve axons found for ADAMTS10G661R/G661R mice occurred early, suggesting developmental deficits. Subsequent experiments found increased apoptosis in the retina of ADAMTS10G661R/G661R mice during postnatal development, which could result in fewer RGCs produced, accounting for fewer optic nerve axons in adulthood. Consistent with a protective effect of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling against apoptosis during retinal development as shown previously by others, we found increased apoptosis accompanied by decreased TGFβ signaling in the developing retina of ADAMTS10G661R/G661R mice, suggesting a novel role for ADAMTS10 in regulating TGFβ signaling which could involve direct interaction between ADAMTS10 and latent TGFβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Jing Wu
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, AA7100 MCN, Nashville, TN 37232-8808, USA
| | - Rachel W Kuchtey
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, AA7100 MCN, Nashville, TN 37232-8808, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0022, USA
| | - John Kuchtey
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, AA7100 MCN, Nashville, TN 37232-8808, USA.
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Sawada H, Ohno-Urabe S, Ye D, Franklin MK, Moorleghen JJ, Howatt DA, Mullick AE, Daugherty A, Lu HS. Inhibition of the Renin-Angiotensin System Fails to Suppress β-Aminopropionitrile-Induced Thoracic Aortopathy in Mice-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:1254-1261. [PMID: 36004642 PMCID: PMC9492637 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.317712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-linking of lysine residues in elastic and collagen fibers is a vital process in aortic development. Inhibition of lysyl oxidase by BAPN (β-aminopropionitrile) leads to thoracic aortopathies in mice. Although the renin-angiotensin system contributes to several types of thoracic aortopathies, it remains unclear whether inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system protects against aortopathy caused by the impairment of elastic fiber/collagen crosslinking. METHODS BAPN (0.5% wt/vol) was started in drinking water to induce aortopathies in male C57BL/6J mice at 4 weeks of age for 4 weeks. Five approaches were used to investigate the impact of the renin-angiotensin system. Bulk RNA sequencing was performed to explore potential molecular mechanisms of BAPN-induced thoracic aortopathies. RESULTS Losartan increased plasma renin concentrations significantly, compared with vehicle-infused mice, indicating effective angiotensin II type 1 receptor inhibition. However, losartan did not suppress BAPN-induced aortic rupture and dilatation. Since losartan is a surmountable inhibitor of the renin-angiotensin system, irbesartan, an insurmountable inhibitor, was also tested. Although increased plasma renin concentrations indicated effective inhibition, irbesartan did not ameliorate aortic rupture and dilatation in BAPN-administered mice. Thus, BAPN-induced thoracic aortopathies were refractory to angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockade. Next, we inhibited angiotensin II production by pharmacological or genetic depletion of AGT (angiotensinogen), the unique precursor of angiotensin II. However, neither suppressed BAPN-induced thoracic aortic rupture and dilatation. Aortic RNA sequencing revealed molecular changes during BAPN administration that were distinct from other types of aortopathies in which angiotensin II type 1 receptor inhibition protects against aneurysm formation. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of either angiotensin II action or production of the renin-angiotensin system does not attenuate BAPN-induced thoracic aortopathies in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Sawada
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Satoko Ohno-Urabe
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Dien Ye
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Michael K. Franklin
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Jessica J. Moorleghen
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Deborah A. Howatt
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | | | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Hong S. Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
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Fibrillin-1 Regulates Arteriole Integrity in the Retina. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101330. [PMID: 36291539 PMCID: PMC9599515 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrillin-1 is an extracellular matrix protein that assembles into microfibrils that provide critical functions in large blood vessels and other tissues. Mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene are associated with cardiovascular, ocular, and skeletal abnormalities in Marfan syndrome. Fibrillin-1 is a component of the wall of large arteries but has been poorly described in other vessels. We examined the microvasculature in the retina using wild type mice and two models of Marfan syndrome, Fbn1C1041G/+ and Fbn1mgR/mgR. In the mouse retina, fibrillin-1 was detected around arterioles, in close contact with the basement membrane, where it colocalized with MAGP1. Both a mutation in fibrillin-1 or fibrillin-1 underexpression characteristically altered the microvasculature. In Fbn1C1041G/+ and Fbn1mgR/mgR mice, arterioles were enlarged with reduced MAGP1 deposition and focal loss of smooth muscle cell coverage. Losartan, which prevents aortic enlargement in Fbn1C1041G/+ mice, prevented smooth muscle cell loss and vessel leakiness when administrated in a preventive mode. Moreover, losartan also partially rescued the defects in a curative mode. Thus, fibrillin-1/MAGP1 performs essential functions in arteriolar integrity and mutant fibrillin-1-induced defects can be prevented or partially rescued pharmacologically. These new findings could have implications for people with Marfan syndrome.
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Birk M, Baum E, Zadeh JK, Manicam C, Pfeiffer N, Patzak A, Helmstädter J, Steven S, Kuntic M, Daiber A, Gericke A. Angiotensin II Induces Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction in Mouse Ophthalmic Arteries via Involvement of AT1 Receptors and NOX2. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081238. [PMID: 34439486 PMCID: PMC8389243 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various age-dependent ocular diseases. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that Ang II induces endothelial dysfunction in mouse ophthalmic arteries and to identify the underlying mechanisms. Ophthalmic arteries were exposed to Ang II in vivo and in vitro to determine vascular function by video microscopy. Moreover, the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was quantified and the expression of prooxidant redox genes and proteins was determined. The endothelium-dependent artery responses were blunted after both in vivo and in vitro exposure to Ang II. The Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blocker, candesartan, and the ROS scavenger, Tiron, prevented Ang II-induced endothelial dysfunction. ROS levels and NOX2 expression were increased following Ang II incubation. Remarkably, Ang II failed to induce endothelial dysfunction in ophthalmic arteries from NOX2-deficient mice. Following Ang II incubation, endothelium-dependent vasodilation was mainly mediated by cytochrome P450 oxygenase (CYP450) metabolites, while the contribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) pathways became negligible. These findings provide evidence that Ang II induces endothelial dysfunction in mouse ophthalmic arteries via AT1R activation and NOX2-dependent ROS formation. From a clinical point of view, the blockade of AT1R signaling and/or NOX2 may be helpful to retain or restore endothelial function in ocular blood vessels in certain ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Birk
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (J.K.Z.); (C.M.); (N.P.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Straße 7, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ewa Baum
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (J.K.Z.); (C.M.); (N.P.)
- Department of Social Sciences and the Humanities, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Rokietnicka 7, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jenia Kouchek Zadeh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (J.K.Z.); (C.M.); (N.P.)
| | - Caroline Manicam
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (J.K.Z.); (C.M.); (N.P.)
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (J.K.Z.); (C.M.); (N.P.)
| | - Andreas Patzak
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Johanna Helmstädter
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I-Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Building 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.H.); (S.S.); (M.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Sebastian Steven
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I-Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Building 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.H.); (S.S.); (M.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I-Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Building 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.H.); (S.S.); (M.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I-Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Building 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.H.); (S.S.); (M.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Adrian Gericke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (E.B.); (J.K.Z.); (C.M.); (N.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-613-117-8276
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Lorenzo‐Soler L, Olafsdottir OB, Garhöfer G, Jansook P, Kristinsdottir IM, Tan A, Loftsson T, Stefansson E. Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in cyclodextrin nanoparticle eye drops: Ocular pharmacokinetics and pharmacologic effect on intraocular pressure. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:376-382. [PMID: 33191620 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Orally administered angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) decrease intraocular pressure (IOP). Topical administration may reduce systemic side effects and result in a useful glaucoma drug. The aim of this study is to test the ocular delivery and pharmacologic effect of nanoparticle eye drops containing ARBs (e.g. irbesartan and candesartan). METHODS 1.5% irbesartan and 0.15% candesartan eye drops were applied to rabbits. The pharmacokinetics in cornea and aqueous humour after single eye drop application were studied in 49 rabbits. The effect of the eye drops on IOP was studied in 10 rabbits using an iCare (® TonoVet Plus, iCare, Finland) tonometer and compared with 0.5% timolol eye drops. RESULTS Candesartan lowered IOP from 24.6 ± 5.1 mmHg at baseline to 19.0 ± 2.9 mmHg (mean ± SD, p = 0.030, n = 10) 4 hr after application. Irbesartan lowered IOP from 24.2 ± 1.7 mmHg to 20.2 ± 0.9 mmHg (p = 0.14, n = 10). Timolol decreased the IOP from 24.9 ± 4.2 mmHg to 20.4 ± 4.8 mmHg (mean ± SD, p = 0.036, n = 10). The pharmacokinetics data show that both formulations deliver effective amounts of drug into the intraocular tissues, with irbesartan and candesartan reaching concentrations of 121 ± 69 and 30.43 ± 13.93 ng/g (mean ± SD), respectively, in the aqueous humour 3 hr after a single-dose administration. CONCLUSIONS Topical application of irbesartan and candesartan eye drops delivers effective drug concentrations to the anterior segment of the eye in rabbits, achieving drug concentrations 100 times above the IC50 for angiotensin II receptor and showing an IOP-lowering effect. Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) eye drops have potential as a new class of glaucoma drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olof Birna Olafsdottir
- Faculty of Medicine University of Iceland Reykjavík Iceland
- Department of Ophthalmology Landspitali University Hospital Reykjavík Iceland
- Oculis ehf. Reykjavík Iceland
| | - Gerhard Garhöfer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Phatsawee Jansook
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Einar Stefansson
- Faculty of Medicine University of Iceland Reykjavík Iceland
- Department of Ophthalmology Landspitali University Hospital Reykjavík Iceland
- Oculis ehf. Reykjavík Iceland
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10
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Ouk M, Wu CY, Rabin JS, Jackson A, Edwards JD, Ramirez J, Masellis M, Swartz RH, Herrmann N, Lanctôt KL, Black SE, Swardfager W. The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors vs. angiotensin receptor blockers and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease: the importance of blood-brain barrier penetration and APOE ε4 carrier status. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2021; 13:43. [PMID: 33573702 PMCID: PMC7876820 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The antihypertensive angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) have similar indications and mechanisms of action, but prior work suggests divergence in their effects on cognition. Methods Participants in the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center database with a clinical diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using an ACE-I or an ARB at any visit were selected. The primary outcome was delayed recall memory on the Wechsler Memory Scale Revised – Logical Memory IIA. Other cognitive domains were explored, including attention and psychomotor processing speed (Trail Making Test [TMT]-A and Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST]), executive function (TMT-B), and language and semantic verbal fluency (Animal Naming, Vegetable Naming, and Boston Naming Tests). Random slopes mixed-effects models with inverse probability of treatment weighting were used, yielding rate ratios (RR) or regression coefficients (B), as appropriate to the distribution of the data. Apolipoprotein (APOE) ε4 status and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrance were investigated as effect modifiers. Results Among 1689 participants with AD, ARB use (n = 578) was associated with 9.4% slower decline in delayed recall performance over a mean follow-up of 2.28 years compared with ACE-I use (n = 1111) [RR = 1.094, p = 0.0327]; specifically, users of BBB-crossing ARBs (RR = 1.25, p = 0.002), BBB-crossing ACE-Is (RR = 1.16, p = 0.010), and non-BBB-crossing ARBs (RR = 1.20, p = 0.005) had better delayed recall performance over time compared with non-BBB-crossing ACE-I users. An interaction with APOE ε4 status (drug × APOE × time RR = 1.196, p = 0.033) emerged; ARBs were associated with better delayed recall scores over time than ACE-Is in non-carriers (RR = 1.200, p = 0.003), but not in carriers (RR = 1.003, p = 0.957). ARB use was also associated with better performance over time on the TMT-A (B = 2.023 s, p = 0.0004) and the DSST (B = 0.573 symbols, p = 0.0485), and these differences were significant among APOE ε4 non-carriers (B = 4.066 s, p = 0.0004; and B = 0.982 symbols, p = 0.0230; respectively). Some differences were seen also in language and verbal fluency among APOE ε4 non-carriers. Conclusions Among APOE ε4 non-carriers with AD, ARB use was associated with greater preservation of memory and attention/psychomotor processing speed, particularly compared to ACE-Is that do not cross the blood-brain-barrier. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13195-021-00778-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ouk
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Room 4207, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Che-Yuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Room 4207, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer S Rabin
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, M4N 3M5, Canada.,Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Room 4207, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jodi D Edwards
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,ICES, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Joel Ramirez
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mario Masellis
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Richard H Swartz
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Room 4207, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,KITE UHN Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sandra E Black
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Toronto, ON, Canada.,KITE UHN Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Walter Swardfager
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Room 4207, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,KITE UHN Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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11
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Characterization of TGF-β by Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010107. [PMID: 33451157 PMCID: PMC7828702 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress generated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a critical role in the pathomechanism of glaucoma, which is a multifactorial blinding disease that may cause irreversible damage within human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMCs). It is known that the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway is an important component of oxidative stress-induced damage related to extracellular matrix (ECM) fibrosis and activates cell antioxidative mechanisms. To elucidate the dual potential roles and regulatory mechanisms of TGF-β in effects on HTMCs, we established an in vitro oxidative model using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and further focused on TGF-β-related oxidative stress pathways and the related signal transduction. Via a series of cell functional qualitative analyses to detect related protein level alterations and cell fibrosis status, we illustrated the role of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 in oxidative stress-induced injury by shTGF-β1 and shTGF-β2 knockdown or added recombinant human TGF-β1 protein (rhTGF-β1). The results of protein level showed that p38 MAPK, TGF-β, and its related SMAD family were activated after H2O2 stimulation. Cell functional assays showed that HTMCs with H2O2 exposure duration had a more irregular actin architecture compared to normal TM cells. Data with rhTGF-β1 (1 ng/mL) pretreatment reduced the cell apoptosis rate and amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while it also enhanced survival. Furthermore, TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 in terms of antioxidant signaling were related to the activation of collagen I and laminin, which are fibrosis-response proteins. Succinctly, our study demonstrated that low concentrations of TGF-β1 (1 ng/mL) preserves HTMCs from free radical-mediated injury by p-p38 MAPK level and p-AKT signaling balance, presenting a signaling transduction mechanism of TGF-β1 in HTMC oxidative stress-related therapies.
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12
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Hazlewood RJ, Kuchtey J, Wu HJ, Kuchtey RW. Telmisartan Reduces Axon Degeneration in Mice With Experimental Glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:51. [PMID: 32460313 PMCID: PMC7405778 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.5.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine if treatment with telmisartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB), protects against retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration in a mouse glaucoma model with induced elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods IOP elevation was induced by injection of polystyrene microbeads into the anterior chamber of the right eye of 3-month-old C57BL/6J mice, with the left eye serving as contralateral control. Starting the day of microbead injection, mice were maintained on solid food pellets with or without incorporated telmisartan. IOP was measured by Tono Lab tonometry prior to and weekly after microbead injection. Twelve weeks postinjection, mice were euthanized to obtain optic nerves for analysis of RGC axons. The total numbers of optic nerve axons were determined manually and automatedly using AxonJ. Degenerating axons were counted manually. Results IOP elevation induced by microbead injection was similar in magnitude and duration in vehicle and telmisartan-fed mice, although IOP was reduced 5.8% in uninjected mice treated with telmisartan (P = 0.0027). Axon loss determined by manual and automated methods was greater in vehicle compared to telmisartan-treated mice (manual: 9.5% vs. 1.8%, P = 0.044; automated: 14.2% vs. 2.9%, P = 0.0375). An increase in the percent of axons undergoing degeneration was observed in nerves from microbead-injected eyes that was greater in vehicle-treated compared to telmisartan-treated mice (49.0% vs. –0.58%, P = 0.0019). Conclusions Elevation of IOP by microbead injection led to loss of RGC axons in vehicle-treated mice that was largely prevented by telmisartan treatment, suggesting a neuroprotective effect of telmisartan.
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13
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Holappa M, Vapaatalo H, Vaajanen A. Local ocular renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: any connection with intraocular pressure? A comprehensive review. Ann Med 2020; 52:191-206. [PMID: 32308046 PMCID: PMC7877937 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2020.1758341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is one of the oldest and most extensively studied human peptide cascades, well-known for its role in regulating blood pressure. When aldosterone is included, RAAS is involved also in fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. There are two main axes of RAAS: (1) Angiotensin (1-7), angiotensin converting enzyme 2 and Mas receptor (ACE2-Ang(1-7)-MasR), (2) Angiotensin II, angiotensin converting enzyme 1 and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (ACE1-AngII-AT1R). In its entirety, RAAS comprises dozens of angiotensin peptides, peptidases and seven receptors. The first mentioned axis is known to counterbalance the deleterious effects of the latter axis. In addition to the systemic RAAS, tissue-specific regulatory systems have been described in various organs, evidence that RAAS is both an endocrine and an autocrine system. These local regulatory systems, such as the one present in the vascular endothelium, are responsible for long-term regional changes. A local RAAS and its components have been detected in many structures of the human eye. This review focuses on the local ocular RAAS in the anterior part of the eye, its possible role in aqueous humour dynamics and intraocular pressure as well as RAAS as a potential target for anti-glaucomatous drugs.KEY MESSAGESComponents of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system have been detected in different structures of the human eye, introducing the concept of a local intraocular renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).Evidence is accumulating that the local ocular RAAS is involved in aqueous humour dynamics, regulation of intraocular pressure, neuroprotection and ocular pathology making components of RAAS attractive candidates when developing new effective ways to treat glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervi Holappa
- Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Vapaatalo
- Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu Vaajanen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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14
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Skrzypecki J, Ciepiaszuk K, Gawryś-Kopczyńska M. Low-dose Bevacizumab Decreases Ocular Hypotensive Effect of Angiotensin II in Sprague Dawley Rats. Curr Eye Res 2020; 46:127-134. [PMID: 32571093 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2020.1780264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although the effectiveness of anti-VEGF agents in ophthalmology has been thoroughly documented, we do not fully comprehend the epidemiology and mechanistic background of their side effects, including intraocular and systemic hypertension. Here, we investigate the interference of a low-dose bevacizumab with key neuronal and humoral mechanisms maintaining blood and intraocular pressure homeostasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR) were measured in SPRD rats pretreated with bevacizumab or 0.9% NaCl at baseline and after infusion of angiotensin II, a humoral mediator involved in BP and IOP regulation. Superior cervical gangliectomy was performed to assess the effect of sympathetic nervous system on the analyzed parameters. Additionally, we studied the expression of a subset of genes related to renin-angiotensin system in the anterior segment of the eye. RESULTS At baseline, there was no significant difference in IOP, BP, and HR between rats pretreated with 0.9% NaCl and bevacizumab. Infusion of angiotensin II lowered IOP in rats pretreated with 0.9% NaCl, but not in rats pretreated with bevacizumab (30 min: ∆4.22 ± 1.2 vs. baseline, p > .05; ∆0.83 ± 0.66 vs. baseline, p < .05) This effect was paralleled by an increased expression of angiotensin II type 1b and type 2 receptors in the anterior segment of the eye (AT1b: 1 ± 0.65 vs 7.35 ± 2.84, p < .05; AT2: 1 ± 0.05 vs. 12.8 ± 0.1, p < .05). Angiotensin II infusion increased BP in both groups (10 min: bevacizumab ∆44.6 ± 3.2, p < .05; 0.9%NaCl ∆37.1 ± 5.1, p < .05), whereas did not have any effect on HR. Sympathetic ocular denervation did not affect any of the analyzed parameters. CONCLUSIONS We found that low-dose bevacizumab interferes with IOP-lowering properties of angiotensin II. This effect might be related to increased expression of angiotensin II receptors in the anterior segment of the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Skrzypecki
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Ciepiaszuk
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Gawryś-Kopczyńska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw, Poland
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