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Alfonso S, Houdelet C, Bessa E, Geffroy B, Sadoul B. Water temperature explains part of the variation in basal plasma cortisol level within and between fish species. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2023; 103:828-838. [PMID: 36756681 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Within the thermal tolerance range of fish, metabolism is known to escalate with warming. Rapid thermic changes also trigger a series of physiological responses, including activation of the stress axis, producing cortisol. Fish have adapted to their environment by producing a low level of plasmatic cortisol when unstressed (basal), so that thriving in their natural temperature should not impact their basal cortisol levels. Yet, surprisingly, little is known on how temperature affects cortisol within and between fish species. Here, we conducted a phylogenetic meta-analysis to (1) test whether temperature can explain the differences in basal cortisol between species and (2) evaluate the role of temperature on differences in cortisol levels between individuals of a same species. To do this, we retrieved basal plasma cortisol data from 126 studies, investigating 33 marine and freshwater fish species, and correlated it to water temperature. Intra-species variability in basal plasma cortisol levels was further investigated in two species: the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax and the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Factors such as life stage, sex and weight were also considered in the analyses. Overall, our phylogenetic analysis revealed a clear positive correlation between basal cortisol level and the temperature at which the fish live. The role of temperature has also been confirmed within D. labrax, while it failed to be significant in O. niloticus. In this paper, the influence of habitat, life stage, sex and weight on basal plasma cortisol levels is also discussed. Since some abiotic parameters were not included in the analysis, our study is a call to encourage scientists to systematically report other key factors such as dissolved oxygen or salinity to fully depict the temperature-cortisol relationship in fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camille Houdelet
- MARBEC, Universite Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Eduardo Bessa
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Life and Earth Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Benjamin Geffroy
- MARBEC, Universite Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Bastien Sadoul
- DECOD, Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability, Institut Agro, Ifremer, INRAE, Rennes, France
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Silva HNPD, Almeida APG, Souza CDF, Mancera JM, Martos-Sitcha JA, Martínez-Rodríguez G, Baldisserotto B. Stress response of Rhamdia quelen to the interaction stocking density - Feeding regimen. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 335:114228. [PMID: 36781023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to verify the effect of different feeding and stocking conditions during 14 days on the gene expression of several hormones and enzymes related to the stress cascade and metabolic parameters in silver catfish Rhamdia quelen under the following experimental conditions: 1) fed at low stocking density (2.5 kg m-3, LSD-F); 2) fed at high stocking density (32 kg m-3, HSD-F); 3) food-deprived at LSD (LSD-FD); and 4) food-deprived at HSD (HSD-FD). Fish from LSD-F and HSD-F groups were fed daily (1 % of their body mass), while fish from food-deprived groups (LSD-FD and HSD-FD) were not fed during the experimental time. Plasma metabolic parameters (glucose, lactate, triglycerides, and proteins) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) were evaluated. In addition, mRNA expression of genes related to the stress axis (crh, pomca, pomcb, nr3c2, star, hsd11b2 and hsd20b), heat shock protein family (hsp90 and hspa12a), sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter (slc6a2), and growth axis (gh and igf1) were also assessed. Specific growth rate and HSI decreased in food-deprived fish regardless of stocking density. The HSD-FD group showed weight loss compared to the HSD-F, LSD-F, and LSD-FD groups. Plasma glucose and triglycerides were reduced in food-deprived groups, while lactate and protein levels did not change. The expression of key players of the stress response (crh, pomca, pomcb, hsd11b2, nr3c2, and hsp90b) and growth (gh and igf1) pathways were differently regulated depending on the experimental condition, whereas no statistical difference between treatments was found for hsd20b, scl6a2, hspa12a, and star mRNAs expression. This study suggests that LSD acts as a stressor affecting negatively the physiological status of fed fish, as demonstrated by the reduction in growth rates, altered metabolic orchestration, and a higher crh mRNA expression. In addition, food deprivation also increased mRNA expression of other assessed genes (nr3c2, hsp90b, pomca, and pomcb) in fish from the HSD group, indicating higher responsiveness to stress in this stocking density when combined with food deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Paula G Almeida
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carine de F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Juan Miguel Mancera
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI·MAR), Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Samaras A. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Basal and Post-Stress Circulating Cortisol Concentration in an Important Marine Aquaculture Fish Species, European Sea Bass, Dicentrarchus labrax. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081340. [PMID: 37106903 PMCID: PMC10135258 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND European sea bass is a species characterized by high and dispersed cortisol levels. The aim of the present study was to analyze all published data on basal and post-acute stress cortisol levels in this species. METHODS For this systematic review and meta-analysis the Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched for papers reporting plasma or serum cortisol levels in E. sea bass, without language or date restrictions. Data were extracted directly for the reported results and were analyzed separately for basal and post-acute stress levels, as well their standardized mean differences (SMD) using random-effects meta-analyses. RESULTS Of 407 unique records identified, 69 were eligible. Basal cortisol levels had a pooled effect of 88.7 ng mL-1 (n = 57), while post-acute stress levels were 385.9 ng mL-1 (n = 34). The average SMD between basal and post-stress was calculated to be 3.02 (n = 22). All analyses had a high between-study heterogeneity. Results for basal and post-stress levels were affected by the assay type and anesthesia prior to blood sampling. CONCLUSIONS Cortisol levels in E. sea bass are higher than most studied fish species and display large heterogeneity. Application of stress led to elevated cortisol levels in all studies examined. In all cases, sources of between-studies heterogeneity were identified.
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Samaras A, Pavlidis M. Fish Scales Produce Cortisol upon Stimulation with ACTH. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12243510. [PMID: 36552430 PMCID: PMC9774796 DOI: 10.3390/ani12243510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortisol concentration in fish scales is a novel and reliable indicator of chronic stress. However, until now cortisol in scales has been considered to be accumulated through the circulation and it has not yet been studied whether it can be de novo produced from cells found in the scales. In the current study, scales of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, were stimulated in-vitro with a range of concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to investigate if they can produce and release cortisol. Moreover, scales were exposed to a combination of ACTH and metyrapone, an inhibitor of cortisol production, to examine whether cortisol was actually produced in the scales. Results from ACTH administration showed that scales increased their cortisol release in a dose-dependent manner. This effect was reversed when scales were co-incubated with ACTH and metyrapone, indicating that cortisol was produced de novo and not released only upon stimulation with ACTH.
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Earhart ML, Blanchard TS, Strowbridge N, Bugg WS, Schulte PM. Gene expression and latitudinal variation in the stress response in Fundulus heteroclitus. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 268:111188. [PMID: 35304270 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Atlantic killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, are intertidal marsh fish found along the east coast of North America. Associated with the thermal gradient along this coast, northern and southern killifish populations are known to differ in morphology, behavior, and physiology, including in their cortisol stress response. Our goal was to explore population differences in the stress response and identify underlying molecular mechanisms. We measured responses to both acute and repeated stress in plasma cortisol, stress axis mRNA expression, and body condition in northern and southern killifish. Following an acute stressor, the southern population had higher cortisol levels than the northern population but there was no difference between populations following repeated stress. In the brain, both corticotropin releasing factor and its binding protein had higher expression in the southern than the northern population, but the northern population showed more changes in mRNA levels following a stressor. In the head kidney, Melanocortin 2 Receptor and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein mRNA levels were higher in the southern population suggesting a larger capacity for cortisol synthesis than in the northern fish. Lastly, the glucocorticoid receptor GR1 mRNA levels were greater in the liver of southern fish, suggesting a greater capacity to respond to cortisol, and GR2 had differential expression in the head kidney, suggesting an interpopulation difference in stress axis negative feedback loops. Southern, but not northern, fish were able to maintain body condition following stress, suggesting that these differences in the stress response may be important for adaptation across latitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison L Earhart
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columba, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Tessa S Blanchard
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columba, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nicholas Strowbridge
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columba, Vancouver, Canada; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasglow, Glasglow, UK
| | - William S Bugg
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columba, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Schrama D, Raposo de Magalhães C, Cerqueira M, Carrilho R, Farinha AP, Rosa da Costa AM, Gonçalves A, Kuehn A, Revets D, Planchon S, Engrola S, Rodrigues PM. Effect of creatine and EDTA supplemented diets on European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) allergenicity, fish muscle quality and omics fingerprint. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2022; 41:100941. [PMID: 34814088 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The relatively easy access to fish worldwide, alongside the increase of aquaculture production contributes to increased fish consumption which result in higher prevalence of respective allergies. Allergies to fish constitute a significant concern worldwide. β-parvalbumin is the main elicitor for IgE-mediated reactions. Creatine, involved in the muscle energy metabolism, and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), a calcium chelator, are potential molecules to modulate parvalbumin. The purpose of this study was to test creatine (2, 5 and 8%) and EDTA (1.5, 3 and 4.5%) supplementation in fish diets to modulate β-parvalbumin expression and structure and its allergenicity in farmed European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) while assessing its effects on the end-product quality. Fish welfare and muscle quality parameters were evaluated by plasma metabolites, rigor mortis, muscle pH and sensory and texture analysis. Proteomics was used to assess alterations in muscle proteome profile and metabolic fingerprinting by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to assess the liver metabolic profile. In addition, IgE-reactivity to parvalbumin was analysed using fish allergic patient sera. Metabolic fingerprinting of liver tissue revealed no major alterations in infrared spectra with creatine supplementation, while with EDTA, only absorption bands characteristic of lipids were altered. Comparative proteomics showed up regulation of (tropo) myosin and phosphoglycerate mutase 2 with Creatine supplementation. In the case of EDTA proteomics showed up regulation of proteins involved in cellular and ion homeostasis. Allergenicity seems not to be modulated with creatine or EDTA supplementation as no decreased expression levels were found and IgE-binding reactivity showed no quantitative differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Schrama
- Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal; CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Raposo de Magalhães
- Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal; CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Marco Cerqueira
- CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Raquel Carrilho
- Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal; CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Farinha
- Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal; CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ana M Rosa da Costa
- CIQA, Algarve Chemistry Research Centre, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Amparo Gonçalves
- IPMA I.P., Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, Division of Aquaculture, Upgrading and Bioprospection, Av. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Annette Kuehn
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Infection and Immunity, 29, Rue Henri Koch, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Dominique Revets
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Infection and Immunity, 29, Rue Henri Koch, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sébastien Planchon
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, 5, avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sofia Engrola
- CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Pedro M Rodrigues
- Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal; CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
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7
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Bessa E, Sadoul B, Mckenzie DJ, Geffroy B. Group size, temperature and body size modulate the effects of social hierarchy on basal cortisol levels in fishes. Horm Behav 2021; 136:105077. [PMID: 34656822 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2021.105077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Social rank in a structured society has been linked to basal levels of glucocorticoids in various species, with dominant individuals generally presenting lower levels than subordinates. The biotic and abiotic factors influencing glucocorticoids levels across social ranks are still, however, unclear in fishes. We investigated the influences of group size, fish size, sex, age, and reproduction type, plus water salinity and temperature, on the basal levels of cortisol, the major stress hormone in fishes. A phylogenetically controlled meta-analysis was performed on data from 72 studies over 22 species of fishes. As expected, dominants generally exhibited lower levels of cortisol than subordinates. More importantly, the strength of the correlation between cortisol and rank was modulated by three main factors, group size, environmental temperature, and fish size. Differences in basal cortisol between dominants and subordinates were significantly greater in small groups (dyadic contexts) when compared to larger groups. Differences between dominants and subordinates were also greater in temperate regions when compared to the tropics, and in species with larger body size. These results provide valuable insights into the links among hierarchy, stress and metabolism in fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Bessa
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Bastien Sadoul
- ESE, Ecology and Ecosystem Health, Institut Agro, INRAE, Rennes, France
| | - David J Mckenzie
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, Palavas-Les-Flots, France
| | - Benjamin Geffroy
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, Palavas-Les-Flots, France.
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Brandts I, Balasch JC, Gonçalves AP, Martins MA, Pereira ML, Tvarijonaviciute A, Teles M, Oliveira M. Immuno-modulatory effects of nanoplastics and humic acids in the European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125562. [PMID: 34030413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pernicious effects of plastic particles, emergent contaminants worldwide, have been described in different species. In teleost species, alterations of immune function after exposure to nanoplastics (NPs) have been reported, but the interaction with cortisol - hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPI) axis has not yet been explored. Furthermore, the role of dissolved organic matter on the effects of NPs is poorly known. Thus, the aims of this research were to assess if polystyrene NPs (PSNPs) acted as a stressor on juvenile European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax), interfering with the immune response, as well as to elucidate if humic acids (HA) modulated the potential effects of PSNPs. A short-term exposure to PSNPs and HA elicited an immuno-modulatory response, with an activation of steroidogenic stress-related pathways. An upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine (il10, tgfb) and stress-related (mc2r, gr1) transcripts were observed after exposure to HA and PSNPs both individually and in co-exposure. No notable alteration of inflammatory markers was consistently found, which may reflect a protective anti-inflammatory effect of HA in the presence of PSNPs. Nevertheless, there seems to be a more complex interaction between both components. Overall, data show that understanding the interaction of NPs with dissolved organic substances is key to deciphering their environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Brandts
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J C Balasch
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A P Gonçalves
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M A Martins
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M L Pereira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis INTERLAB-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - M Teles
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (IBB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Oliveira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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9
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Geffroy B, Gesto M, Clota F, Aerts J, Darias MJ, Blanc MO, Ruelle F, Allal F, Vandeputte M. Parental selection for growth and early-life low stocking density increase the female-to-male ratio in European sea bass. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13620. [PMID: 34193934 PMCID: PMC8245542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93116-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), as in many other fish species, temperature is known to influence the sex of individuals, with more males produced at relatively high temperatures. It is however unclear to what extent growth or stress are involved in such a process, since temperature is known to influence both growth rate and cortisol production. Here, we designed an experiment aiming at reducing stress and affecting early growth rate. We exposed larvae and juveniles originating from both captive and wild parents to three different treatments: low stocking density, food supplemented with tryptophan and a control. Low stocking density and tryptophan treatment respectively increased and decreased early growth rate. Each treatment influenced the stress response depending on the developmental stage, although no clear pattern regarding the whole-body cortisol concentration was found. During sex differentiation, fish in the low-density treatment exhibited lower expression of gr1, gr2, mr, and crf in the hypothalamus when compared to the control group. Fish fed tryptophan displayed lower crf in the hypothalamus and higher level of serotonin in the telencephalon compared to controls. Overall, fish kept at low density produced significantly more females than both control and fish fed tryptophan. Parents that have been selected for growth for three generations also produced significantly more females than parents of wild origin. Our findings did not allow to detect a clear effect of stress at the group level and rather point out a key role of early sexually dimorphic growth rate in sex determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Geffroy
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Palavas-Les-Flots, France.
| | - Manuel Gesto
- Techn Section for Aquaculture, DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Willemoesvej 2, 9850, Hirtshals, Denmark
| | - Fréderic Clota
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Palavas-Les-Flots, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Johan Aerts
- Stress Physiology Research Group, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ostend, Belgium
| | - Maria J Darias
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Palavas-Les-Flots, France
| | - Marie-Odile Blanc
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Palavas-Les-Flots, France
| | - François Ruelle
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Palavas-Les-Flots, France
| | - François Allal
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Palavas-Les-Flots, France
| | - Marc Vandeputte
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Palavas-Les-Flots, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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10
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Chatziplis D, Oikonomou S, Loukovitis D, Tsiokos D, Samaras A, Dimitroglou A, Kottaras L, Papanna K, Papaharisis L, Tsigenopoulos C, Pavlidis M. QTL for Stress and Disease Resistance in European Sea Bass, Dicentrarhus labrax L. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091668. [PMID: 32948016 PMCID: PMC7552151 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in selective breeding in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), especially regarding family selection based on growth performance. In particular, quantitative trait loci (QTL) identification in sea bass enhances the application of marker-assisted breeding for the genetic improvement of the production traits. The aims of the study were to identify potential QTL affecting stress and immunological indicators, body weight, and mortality after vibriosis injection in sea bass as well as to estimate heritability and genetic/phenotypic correlations for the aforementioned traits. To this end, stress test was performed on 960 offspring and a sub-group of them (420) was selected to explore the mortality after vibrio injection. Selective genotyping was performed in 620 offspring for 35 microsatellite markers and distributed into 6 linkage groups. The length of the genetic linkage map was 283.6 cM and the mean distance between the markers was 8.1 cM. QTL affecting body weight in three different growth periods detected on linkage groups LG1, LG4, LG6, and LG14. A QTL associated with weight in early growth stages (290-306 days post-hatching) was also identified on LG3. QTL analysis confirmed the existence of QTL affecting cortisol levels, on LG3 and LG14. Moreover, new QTL affecting only cortisol and glucose levels were detected on LG1 and LG23. No QTL affecting hormonal or biochemical marks was found on LG4 and LG6. Heritability of cortisol, lysozyme levels, and mortality were high (0.36, 0.55, and 0.38, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Chatziplis
- Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Inspection of Agricultural Products, Dept of Agricultural Technology, School of Geotechnical Sciences, International Hellenic University, Alexander Campus, P.O. Box 141, 57 400 Sindos, Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.C.); (S.O.)
| | - Stavroula Oikonomou
- Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Inspection of Agricultural Products, Dept of Agricultural Technology, School of Geotechnical Sciences, International Hellenic University, Alexander Campus, P.O. Box 141, 57 400 Sindos, Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.C.); (S.O.)
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Loukovitis
- Research Institute of Animal Science, ELGO Demeter, 58100 Paralimni, Giannitsa, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2310-013-337
| | - Dimitrios Tsiokos
- Research Institute of Animal Science, ELGO Demeter, 58100 Paralimni, Giannitsa, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Samaras
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, GR-714 09 Heraklion, Greece; (A.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Arkadios Dimitroglou
- Department of Research & Development, Nireus Aquaculture SA, 341 00 Chalkida, Greece; (A.D.); (L.K.); (K.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Lefteris Kottaras
- Department of Research & Development, Nireus Aquaculture SA, 341 00 Chalkida, Greece; (A.D.); (L.K.); (K.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Kantham Papanna
- Department of Research & Development, Nireus Aquaculture SA, 341 00 Chalkida, Greece; (A.D.); (L.K.); (K.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Leonidas Papaharisis
- Department of Research & Development, Nireus Aquaculture SA, 341 00 Chalkida, Greece; (A.D.); (L.K.); (K.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Costas Tsigenopoulos
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;
| | - Michail Pavlidis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, GR-714 09 Heraklion, Greece; (A.S.); (M.P.)
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