1
|
Blanco-Costales E, González-Quevedo AL, Lorenzo-Bernardo L, de la Hoz-Martín MP, Rodero M, Puente P, Moreno-Torres I, Cuéllar C, González-Fernández J. Prevalence of Anisakiasis in Madrid (Spain) after 20 Years of Preventive Legislation. Pathogens 2024; 13:782. [PMID: 39338973 PMCID: PMC11435309 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13090782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Historical seroprevalence data for Anisakis in Spain vary greatly depending on the sampling region owing to different fish consumption habits. As a result of European Regulation (EC) No. 853/2004, the Royal Decree 1420/2006 on the prevention of parasitosis by Anisakis in fishery products supplied by establishments that serve food to final consumers or to communities came into force in Spain. In this study, a prevalence study of Anisakis in Madrid has been conducted to verify the prophylactic effects of the application of the law. Sera from 500 blood donors from the Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital (Madrid/2021-2023) were collected, and the levels of anti-Anisakis IgG, IgA, and IgE were analyzed by ELISA, comparing them with those obtained with 110 donors from the Red Cross and the "Gómez Ulla" Central Defense Hospital (Madrid/2001-2002). The percentages of positivity in the 2021-2023 donor group were IgG (13.6%), IgA (13.6%), and IgE (2.2%), while in the 2001-2002 donors they were positive for IgG (15.45%), IgA (14.54%), and IgE (11.65%). A reduction of more than 80% was observed in the prevalence of anti-Anisakis IgE in the healthy population of Madrid, which confirmed the positive effect of RD1420/2006, which was later incorporated into RD1021/2022.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Blanco-Costales
- Unidad de Parasitología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-C.); (A.L.G.-Q.); (L.L.-B.); (M.P.d.l.H.-M.); (M.R.)
| | - Alejandra L. González-Quevedo
- Unidad de Parasitología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-C.); (A.L.G.-Q.); (L.L.-B.); (M.P.d.l.H.-M.); (M.R.)
| | - Laura Lorenzo-Bernardo
- Unidad de Parasitología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-C.); (A.L.G.-Q.); (L.L.-B.); (M.P.d.l.H.-M.); (M.R.)
| | - María P. de la Hoz-Martín
- Unidad de Parasitología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-C.); (A.L.G.-Q.); (L.L.-B.); (M.P.d.l.H.-M.); (M.R.)
| | - Marta Rodero
- Unidad de Parasitología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-C.); (A.L.G.-Q.); (L.L.-B.); (M.P.d.l.H.-M.); (M.R.)
| | - Pilar Puente
- Unidad de Control de Calidad, Centro Militar de Farmacia de la Defensa, Base Logística San Pedro, 28770 Colmenar Viejo, Spain
| | - Irene Moreno-Torres
- Unidad de Enfermedades Desmielinizantes, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Carmen Cuéllar
- Unidad de Parasitología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-C.); (A.L.G.-Q.); (L.L.-B.); (M.P.d.l.H.-M.); (M.R.)
| | - Juan González-Fernández
- Unidad de Parasitología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.B.-C.); (A.L.G.-Q.); (L.L.-B.); (M.P.d.l.H.-M.); (M.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fruscione S, Barrale M, Zarcone M, Alba D, Ravazzolo B, Belluzzo M, Onida R, Cammilleri G, Costa A, Ferrantelli V, Savatteri A, De Bella DD, Pipitone S, D'Atria A, Pieri A, Tramuto F, Costantino C, Maida CM, Graziano G, Palomba M, Mattiucci S, Brusca I, Mazzucco W. Screening of Anisakis-Related Allergies and Associated Factors in a Mediterranean Community Characterized by High Seafood Consumption. Foods 2024; 13:2821. [PMID: 39272586 PMCID: PMC11395279 DOI: 10.3390/foods13172821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary changes expose consumers to risks from Anisakis larvae in seafood, leading to parasitic diseases and allergies. Anisakis is recognized by EFSA as a significant hazard, with potential oncogenic implications. Diagnostic advancements, like the Basophil Activation Test (BAT), enhance sensitivity and accuracy in identifying Anisakis sensitization, complementing traditional IgE tests. We conducted a cross-sectional study on patients with allergic symptoms from April 2021 to April 2023 at two outpatient clinics in western Sicily. Our goal was to assess the prevalence of Anisakis-related allergies and to identify risk profiles using specific Anisakis IgE and the BAT, especially in regions with high raw fish consumption. The study evaluated specific Anisakis IgE as a screening tool for Anisakis sensitization, using questionnaires, blood samples, and immuno-allergology analyses. Anisakis-specific IgE values were compared with the BAT results, with statistical analyses including Fisher's exact test and logistic regression. The results showed an 18.5% seroprevalence of Anisakis IgE, while the BAT as a second-level test showed 4.63%, indicating the BAT's superior specificity and accuracy. The study highlighted the importance of the BAT in diagnosing Anisakis sensitization, especially in cases of cross-reactivity with Ascaris and tropomyosin. The findings confirm the BAT's exceptional specificity in identifying Anisakis sensitization and support using Anisakis-specific IgE for population-based risk profiling. The BAT can effectively serve as a confirmatory test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santo Fruscione
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Barrale
- U.O.C. of Clinical Pathology Buccheri La Ferla Hospital FBF, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zarcone
- U.O.C. Epidemiologia Clinica con Registro Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Davide Alba
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Barbara Ravazzolo
- U.O.C. Epidemiologia Clinica con Registro Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Miriam Belluzzo
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Onida
- U.O.C. of Clinical Pathology Buccheri La Ferla Hospital FBF, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Costa
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Sicily, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Salvatore Pipitone
- U.O.C. Epidemiologia Clinica con Registro Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alida D'Atria
- U.O.C. Epidemiologia Clinica con Registro Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessia Pieri
- U.O.C. Epidemiologia Clinica con Registro Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Tramuto
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- U.O.C. Epidemiologia Clinica con Registro Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudio Costantino
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- U.O.C. Epidemiologia Clinica con Registro Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Carmelo Massimo Maida
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- U.O.C. Epidemiologia Clinica con Registro Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Graziano
- U.O.C. Epidemiologia Clinica con Registro Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marialetizia Palomba
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Simonetta Mattiucci
- Section of Parasitology, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", Sapienza-University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ignazio Brusca
- U.O.C. of Clinical Pathology Buccheri La Ferla Hospital FBF, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Walter Mazzucco
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- U.O.C. Epidemiologia Clinica con Registro Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Azzolino D, Verdi L, Perna S, Baldassari I, Cesari M, Lucchi T. Food allergies in older people: An emerging health problem. World Allergy Organ J 2024; 17:100967. [PMID: 39310373 PMCID: PMC11416488 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of food allergy (FA) is steadily increasing worldwide. Literature about FA in older people is very scarce since this is predominantly considered as a pediatric condition. However, FA can persist and/or develop across the life course. Given the growing increase in prevalence as well as their persistence, it can be expected that FA will soon represent an important issue in older people. Several age-related factors may potentially mask FA symptoms and/or mediate them in older people. These include mechanisms related to immune senescence, inflammation, and changes in gastrointestinal function as well as micronutrient deficiencies and the use of multiple medications. A multidimensional approach, taking into account the complexity in older people, it is thus important in the evaluation and management of FA during aging. The main and safest strategy in the management of FA is the allergen avoidance since their ingestion may lead to reactions ranging from mild to life-threatening. However, food restrictions should be carefully evaluated, especially in older people, for the risk of nutritional deficiencies and undernutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Azzolino
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lara Verdi
- Specialization School in Geriatrics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivan Baldassari
- Department of Research, Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziano Lucchi
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Javor S, Bignardi D, Borro M, Massone C. Anisakis simplex and urticaria. What we know about its real incidence and management in dermatological settings? Dermatol Reports 2024; 16:9819. [PMID: 38623363 PMCID: PMC11017723 DOI: 10.4081/dr.2023.9819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute or chronic infections have been described among causes of chronic urticaria (CU). Anisakidosis is a human disease caused by the ingestion of larval nematodes of the family Anisakidae. The infestation is acquired by eating raw seafood or undercooked fish and squid. There are considerable variations in the frequency of underlying causes in the different studies and in different countries, such as differences in diets and the prevalence of infections. Anisakis simplex has been recognized as a trigger of both acute and CU manifestations. However, there is still a lack of evidence about its management and treatment in dermatology. We, therefore, reviewed some biologic properties of Anisakis simplex in order to understand the relationship between its biology and the mechanism it uses to establish chronic dermatological conditions such as urticaria and cause late complications. In addition, we herein report some concerns about the effectiveness of systemic treatment in preventing complications and management in dermatological settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Javor
- S.C. Dermatologia, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa
| | | | - Matteo Borro
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arai T, Saito S, Kinebuchi T, Nishikawa K, Morishima Y, Sugiyama H. A Case of Nonagenarian Gastric Anisakiasis with Atypical Presentation. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2024; 18:327-332. [PMID: 39015526 PMCID: PMC11250682 DOI: 10.1159/000539304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anisakiasis is a parasitic disease caused by larvae from anisakid nematodes. In recent years, there has been an increase in cases of anisakiasis, a relatively uncommon medical condition. Case Presentation A 93-year-old woman with chronic heart failure developed hives and nausea 6 h after eating silver flounder sashimi, leading to suspicion of fish allergy. Despite treatment, symptoms persisted and progressed to abdominal pain. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed an Anisakis larva in her stomach, an unusual finding given her age. After endoscopic removal of the living worm, the patient's symptoms were relieved. Conclusion A case of atypical anisakiasis in a 93-year-old patient was demonstrated. This case underscores the importance of considering atypical presentations in clinical decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Arai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Furano Kyokai Hospital, Furano, Japan
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seisuke Saito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Furano Kyokai Hospital, Furano, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kinebuchi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Furano Kyokai Hospital, Furano, Japan
| | - Koji Nishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Furano Kyokai Hospital, Furano, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Morishima
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromu Sugiyama
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Brusca I, Barrale M, Zarcone M, Fruscione S, Onida R, De Bella DD, Alba D, Belluzzo M, Uasuf CG, Cammilleri G, Costa A, Ferrantelli V, Savatteri A, Cannizzaro E, Calamusa G, Lacca G, Maida CM, Pipitone S, D'Atria A, Palomba M, Costantino C, Mattiucci S, Mazzucco W. Basophil Activation Test in the Diagnosis of Anisakis Allergy: An Observational Study from an Area of High Seafood Consumption in Italy. Pathogens 2023; 12:777. [PMID: 37375467 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12060777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising popularity of undercooked or raw seafood containing larvae of the Anisakis parasite has led to issues of public health concern due to allergic manifestations. We conducted an observational study on the use of an innovative Anisakis allergy diagnostic algorithm in a convenience sample of 53 allergic outpatients recruited in Western Sicily, between April 2021 and March 2022. We included individuals with an anamnesis suggestive of IgE sensitization to Anisakis reporting clinical manifestation in the last month due to allergic reactions after eating fresh fish, or in subjects at high exposure risk with sea products while abstaining from fish ingestion, excluding those with documented fish sensitization. Outpatients were tested via Skin Prick Test, IgE-specific dosage and Basophil Activation Test (BAT). Twenty-six outpatients were diagnosed with Anisakis, while 27 with Chronic Urticaria (CU). We found a seven-fold excess risk for Anisakis (p4) positivity in the Anisakis allergic outpatients, as compared to the CU ones. BAT showed the best diagnostic accuracy (92.45%) and specificity (100%), while specific IgE to Ascaris (p1) documented the best sensitivity (92.31%) but a very low specificity (37.04%). In conclusion, our findings may represent a potentially useful contribution to the future development of updated clinical guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignazio Brusca
- U.O.C of Clinical Pathology Buccheri La Ferla Hospital FBF, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Barrale
- U.O.C of Clinical Pathology Buccheri La Ferla Hospital FBF, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zarcone
- U.O.C. of Clinical Epidemiology with Cancer Registry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Santo Fruscione
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Onida
- U.O.C of Clinical Pathology Buccheri La Ferla Hospital FBF, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Davide Alba
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Miriam Belluzzo
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Carina Gabriela Uasuf
- Allergy Disease Center, Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Costa
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Sicily, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Guido Lacca
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Pipitone
- U.O.C. of Clinical Epidemiology with Cancer Registry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alida D'Atria
- U.O.C. of Clinical Epidemiology with Cancer Registry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marialetizia Palomba
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | | | - Simonetta Mattiucci
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Section of Parasitology, Sapienza-University of Rome, University Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Mazzucco
- U.O.C. of Clinical Epidemiology with Cancer Registry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico di Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Domingo-Hernández AM, Morales-Yuste M, Buzo-Domínguez S, Adroher FJ, Benítez R. Anisakis infection in anchovies (Engraulis encrasicolus) from Iberian waters, southwestern Europe: Post-mortem larval migration. Res Vet Sci 2023; 157:26-34. [PMID: 36854200 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The Anisakis larvae presence in fish for human consumption is a health risk that needs to be monitored. The anchovy is a fish that is highly appreciated by consumers and that can harbour Anisakis. It is thus necessary to periodically evaluate the presence of anisakid larvae in them. So, anchovies from Iberian Peninsula coasts were analysed. Fish examination for macroscopic nematodes showed L3s of both Anisakis type I and Hysterothylacium aduncum. The Anisakis prevalence varies with the catching area and the fish size. The muscle prevalence was 7.45% (mean intensity 1.75; range 1-5). Molecular analysis showed 110 A. simplex s.s. (17 in muscle), 22 A. pegreffii (3) and 7 hybrid genotype individuals (1). Considering that most of the Iberian Peninsula coasts are a sympatry area between these two Anisakis species, it has been observed that A. simplex s.s./A. pegreffii ratio increases from south to north in a clockwise direction. Also, 19 larvae were detected on the fish surface from the Bay of Biscay, indicating the ability of these larvae to migrate after the fish death. The A. simplex s.s./A. pegreffii larvae proportion found on the anchovy surface is similar to the found in viscera and lower than in muscle, suggesting that most of the larvae migrating to the surface must have come from the visceral package. This confirms the importance of removing fish viscera immediately after capture, for those fish species where this is possible. As both species cause anisakiasis/anisakidosis, these data show a real risk to human health, especially in dishes highly prized in Mediterranean countries prepared with raw or semi-raw anchovies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Morales-Yuste
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Sara Buzo-Domínguez
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Rocío Benítez
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dramburg S, Hilger C, Santos AF, de Las Vecillas L, Aalberse RC, Acevedo N, Aglas L, Altmann F, Arruda KL, Asero R, Ballmer-Weber B, Barber D, Beyer K, Biedermann T, Bilo MB, Blank S, Bosshard PP, Breiteneder H, Brough HA, Bublin M, Campbell D, Caraballo L, Caubet JC, Celi G, Chapman MD, Chruszcz M, Custovic A, Czolk R, Davies J, Douladiris N, Eberlein B, Ebisawa M, Ehlers A, Eigenmann P, Gadermaier G, Giovannini M, Gomez F, Grohman R, Guillet C, Hafner C, Hamilton RG, Hauser M, Hawranek T, Hoffmann HJ, Holzhauser T, Iizuka T, Jacquet A, Jakob T, Janssen-Weets B, Jappe U, Jutel M, Kalic T, Kamath S, Kespohl S, Kleine-Tebbe J, Knol E, Knulst A, Konradsen JR, Korošec P, Kuehn A, Lack G, Le TM, Lopata A, Luengo O, Mäkelä M, Marra AM, Mills C, Morisset M, Muraro A, Nowak-Wegrzyn A, Nugraha R, Ollert M, Palosuo K, Pastorello EA, Patil SU, Platts-Mills T, Pomés A, Poncet P, Potapova E, Poulsen LK, Radauer C, Radulovic S, Raulf M, Rougé P, Sastre J, Sato S, Scala E, Schmid JM, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Schrama D, Sénéchal H, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Valverde-Monge M, van Hage M, van Ree R, Verhoeckx K, Vieths S, Wickman M, Zakzuk J, Matricardi PM, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K. EAACI Molecular Allergology User's Guide 2.0. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34 Suppl 28:e13854. [PMID: 37186333 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of immunoglobulin E (IgE) as a mediator of allergic diseases in 1967, our knowledge about the immunological mechanisms of IgE-mediated allergies has remarkably increased. In addition to understanding the immune response and clinical symptoms, allergy diagnosis and management depend strongly on the precise identification of the elicitors of the IgE-mediated allergic reaction. In the past four decades, innovations in bioscience and technology have facilitated the identification and production of well-defined, highly pure molecules for component-resolved diagnosis (CRD), allowing a personalized diagnosis and management of the allergic disease for individual patients. The first edition of the "EAACI Molecular Allergology User's Guide" (MAUG) in 2016 rapidly became a key reference for clinicians, scientists, and interested readers with a background in allergology, immunology, biology, and medicine. Nevertheless, the field of molecular allergology is moving fast, and after 6 years, a new EAACI Taskforce was established to provide an updated document. The Molecular Allergology User's Guide 2.0 summarizes state-of-the-art information on allergen molecules, their clinical relevance, and their application in diagnostic algorithms for clinical practice. It is designed for both, clinicians and scientists, guiding health care professionals through the overwhelming list of different allergen molecules available for testing. Further, it provides diagnostic algorithms on the clinical relevance of allergenic molecules and gives an overview of their biology, the basic mechanisms of test formats, and the application of tests to measure allergen exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Dramburg
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Hilger
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Alexandra F Santos
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rob C Aalberse
- Sanquin Research, Dept Immunopathology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Acevedo
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, Colombia
| | - Lorenz Aglas
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Friedrich Altmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karla L Arruda
- Department of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brasil, Brazil
| | - Riccardo Asero
- Ambulatorio di Allergologia, Clinica San Carlo, Paderno Dugnano, Italy
| | - Barbara Ballmer-Weber
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Domingo Barber
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Nemesio Diez (IMMAND), Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
- RETIC ARADyAL and RICORS Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kirsten Beyer
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Beatrice Bilo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Allergy Unit Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Torrette, Italy
| | - Simon Blank
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp P Bosshard
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heimo Breiteneder
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helen A Brough
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Merima Bublin
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dianne Campbell
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Luis Caraballo
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, Colombia
| | - Jean Christoph Caubet
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Celi
- Centro DH Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica ASST- MANTOVA (MN), Mantova, Italy
| | | | - Maksymilian Chruszcz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Adnan Custovic
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Czolk
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Janet Davies
- Queensland University of Technology, Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Emergency Operations Centre, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nikolaos Douladiris
- Allergy Department, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Bernadette Eberlein
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Motohiro Ebisawa
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Anna Ehlers
- Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Dermatology/ Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Eigenmann
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Gadermaier
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mattia Giovannini
- Allergy Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francisca Gomez
- Allergy Unit IBIMA-Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- Spanish Network for Allergy research RETIC ARADyAL, Malaga, Spain
| | - Rebecca Grohman
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Internal Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carole Guillet
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christine Hafner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital St. Poelten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, St. Poelten, Austria
| | - Robert G Hamilton
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Hauser
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Hawranek
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Hans Jürgen Hoffmann
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Tomona Iizuka
- Laboratory of Protein Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Alain Jacquet
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thilo Jakob
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Bente Janssen-Weets
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Uta Jappe
- Division of Clinical and Molecular Allergology, Priority Research Area Asthma and Allergy, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
- Leibniz Lung Center, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Allergy Outpatient Clinic, Dept. of Pneumology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tanja Kalic
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital St. Poelten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, St. Poelten, Austria
| | - Sandip Kamath
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sabine Kespohl
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr- Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jörg Kleine-Tebbe
- Allergy & Asthma Center Westend, Outpatient Clinic and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Edward Knol
- Department of Immunology and Dermatology/ Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - André Knulst
- Department of Immunology and Dermatology/ Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jon R Konradsen
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit at Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Korošec
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Annette Kuehn
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gideon Lack
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thuy-My Le
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Dermatology/ Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Lopata
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Olga Luengo
- RETIC ARADyAL and RICORS Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Madrid, Spain
- Allergy Section, Internal Medicine Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mika Mäkelä
- Division of Allergy, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Pediatric Department, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Clare Mills
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Antonella Muraro
- Food Allergy Referral Centre, Department of Woman and Child Health, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Nowak-Wegrzyn
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Roni Nugraha
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Aquatic Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kati Palosuo
- Department of Allergology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Sarita Ulhas Patil
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Departments of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas Platts-Mills
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Pascal Poncet
- Institut Pasteur, Immunology Department, Paris, France
- Allergy & Environment Research Team Armand Trousseau Children Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Ekaterina Potapova
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars K Poulsen
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Radauer
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Suzana Radulovic
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Monika Raulf
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr- Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Pierre Rougé
- UMR 152 PharmaDev, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Pharmacie, Toulouse, France
| | - Joaquin Sastre
- Allergy Service, Fundación Jiménez Díaz; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES); Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sakura Sato
- Allergy Department, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Enrico Scala
- Clinical and Laboratory Molecular Allergy Unit - IDI- IRCCS, Fondazione L M Monti Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Johannes M Schmid
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Denise Schrama
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Hélène Sénéchal
- Allergy & Environment Research Team Armand Trousseau Children Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Marcela Valverde-Monge
- Allergy Service, Fundación Jiménez Díaz; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES); Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marianne van Hage
- Department of Medicine Solna, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Department of Experimental Immunology and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kitty Verhoeckx
- Department of Immunology and Dermatology/ Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Vieths
- Division of Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Magnus Wickman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Josefina Zakzuk
- Institute for Immunological Research, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, Colombia
| | - Paolo M Matricardi
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
IgE-mediated Anisakis allergy in children. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:98-109. [PMID: 36617828 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i1.692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Anisakids are nematodes responsible for different clinical patterns in humans. The well-known human-infecting Anisakis species include members of the Anisakis simplex (AS) complex. Humans usually contract anisakiasis through ingestion of raw or undercooked seafood containing Anisakis larvae. Once Anisakis has been ingested, patients may develop disease driven directly by Anisakis larvae and/or by allergic reaction due to this nematode. The capability of inducing allergic reactions depends on the expression of specific antigens by nematodes and host factors. This study aims to resume actual knowledge about AS and Anisakiasis with regard to epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Particular attention is paid to Anisakis allergens and their cross-reactivity on available diagnostic methods, and defining a diagnostic pathway for Anisakis allergy. Because only a few data are available in the literature about pediatric population, we focus on this group of patients specifically.
Collapse
|
10
|
Foodborne Parasites and Their Complex Life Cycles Challenging Food Safety in Different Food Chains. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010142. [PMID: 36613359 PMCID: PMC9818752 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoonotic foodborne parasites often represent complex, multi host life cycles with parasite stages in the hosts, but also in the environment. This manuscript aims to provide an overview of important zoonotic foodborne parasites, with a focus on the different food chains in which parasite stages may occur. We have chosen some examples of meat-borne parasites occurring in livestock (Taenia spp., Trichinella spp. and Toxoplasma gondii), as well as Fasciola spp., an example of a zoonotic parasite of livestock, but transmitted to humans via contaminated vegetables or water, covering the 'farm to fork' food chain; and meat-borne parasites occurring in wildlife (Trichinella spp., Toxoplasma gondii), covering the 'forest to fork' food chain. Moreover, fish-borne parasites (Clonorchis spp., Opisthorchis spp. and Anisakidae) covering the 'pond/ocean/freshwater to fork' food chain are reviewed. The increased popularity of consumption of raw and ready-to-eat meat, fish and vegetables may pose a risk for consumers, since most post-harvest processing measures do not always guarantee the complete removal of parasite stages or their effective inactivation. We also highlight the impact of increasing contact between wildlife, livestock and humans on food safety. Risk based approaches, and diagnostics and control/prevention tackled from an integrated, multipathogen and multidisciplinary point of view should be considered as well.
Collapse
|
11
|
Laustsen BH, Omland Ø, Würtz ET, Sigsgaard T, Ebbehøj NE, Carstensen O, Rasmussen K, Kamath SD, Lopata AL, Bønløkke JH. Rhino Conjunctivitis and Asthma Among Seafood Processing Workers in Greenland. A Cross-Sectional Study. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 2:747011. [PMID: 35387025 PMCID: PMC8974787 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.747011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The fishing- and the seafood processing industries are the largest industrial sectors in Greenland. Despite this, only a few cases of occupational diseases in this industry have been reported to the Danish Labor Market Insurance. Occupational asthma and allergy are well-known occupational diseases in the seafood processing industry worldwide and underreporting of occupational diseases in Greenland is suspected. Objective: The aim of the current study was to examine the associations between job exposures and occupational asthma and rhino conjunctivitis in workers in the Greenlandic seafood processing industry and to compare the prevalence of sensitization by type and degree of exposure to snow crab, shrimp, fish, and the fish parasite, Anisakis simplex. Methods: Data from 382 Greenlandic seafood processing workers were collected during 2016–2018. Data included questionnaire answers, lung function measurements, skin prick tests, and blood samples with ImmunoCAP. For all analyses, p < 0.05 was considered the level of significance. Results: 5.5% of the workers had occupational asthma and 4.6% had occupational rhino conjunctivitis. A large proportion of the workers were sensitized to allergens specific to the workplace; 18.1% to snow crab, 13.6% to shrimp, 1.4% to fish, and 32.6% to the fish parasite, A. simplex. We found a dose-response relationship between the risk of being sensitized to snow crab and A. simplex and years of exposure to the allergens in the seafood processing industry. Conclusion: This study showed that a considerable proportion of workers in the Greenlandic seafood processing industry had occupational asthma and rhino conjunctivitis. Additionally, the study showed high sensitization levels toward snow crab, shrimp, and the fish parasite, A. simplex. This supports the hypothesis of a considerable degree of underreporting of occupational allergic airway disease in the Greenlandic seafood processing industry. Prospectively, it is important to inform workers, leaders, and health care professionals of the health problems and the law on worker's compensation, and to initiate preventive actions at factory and trawler level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgitte Hamann Laustsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Institute of Nursing & Health Science, Ilisimatusarfik, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Øyvind Omland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Else Toft Würtz
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Niels E Ebbehøj
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Carstensen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Center, Regional Hospital West Jutland, Herning, Denmark
| | - Kurt Rasmussen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Center, Regional Hospital West Jutland, Herning, Denmark
| | - Sandip D Kamath
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Andreas L Lopata
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Jakob Hjort Bønløkke
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Čelakovská J, Čermákova E, Vaňková R, Andrýs C, Krejsek J. ALEX2 multiplex examination – results of specific IgE to fish and shrimps in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2021.2005546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Čelakovská
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - E. Čermákova
- Department of Medical Biophysic, Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech republic
| | - R. Vaňková
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - C. Andrýs
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - J. Krejsek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Prakash PS, Weber MHW, van Hellemond JJ, Falcone FH. Are humanized IgE reporter systems potential game changers in serological diagnosis of human parasitic infection? Parasitol Res 2021; 121:1137-1144. [PMID: 34767081 PMCID: PMC8986668 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is thought to have evolved to protect mammalian hosts against parasitic infections or toxins and plays a central role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy of IgE-mediated allergy. Despite the prominence of IgE responses in most parasitic infections, and in stark contrast to its use in the diagnosis of allergy, this isotype is almost completely unexploited for parasite diagnosis. Here, we discuss the perceived or real limitations of IgE-based diagnosis in parasitology and suggest that the recent creation of a new generation of very sensitive cellular IgE-based reporters may represent a powerful new diagnostic platform, but needs to be based on a very careful choice of diagnostic allergens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prema S Prakash
- Biomedical Research Centre Seltersberg (BFS), Institute for Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael H W Weber
- Biomedical Research Centre Seltersberg (BFS), Institute for Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jaap J van Hellemond
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Franco H Falcone
- Biomedical Research Centre Seltersberg (BFS), Institute for Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ogata N, Tagishi H. The Inhibitory Effect of Wood Creosote on the Movement of Anisakis Larvae: An Implication for the Treatment of Acute Anisakiasis. Pharmacology 2021; 106:637-643. [PMID: 34537769 DOI: 10.1159/000518961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anisakiasis is a common disease in countries such as Japan, where raw or undercooked marine fish are frequently consumed. The disease is caused by accidental ingestion of a live larva of Anisakis in raw or undercooked marine fish. In typical cases, it causes abrupt gastrointestinal symptoms, such as epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. According to a published report, the disease was alleviated by oral ingestion of an over-the-counter drug containing wood creosote. METHODS We performed an in vitro experiment to elucidate whether wood creosote can inhibit the motor activity of Anisakis larvae, using infrared locomotion tracking and agarose gel penetration techniques. RESULTS Our results clearly demonstrate that wood creosote inhibits the motor activity of Anisakis larvae. The concentration of wood creosote used in our experiment is similar to that found in stomach juice when a usual oral dose is taken of the medicine containing wood creosote. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Our results suggest the potential usefulness of the medicine containing wood creosote in the treatment of acute Anisakis infection of the gastrointestinal tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norio Ogata
- R&D Center, Taiko Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Godínez-González C, Roca-Geronès X, Montoliu I, Fisa R. Estimation of the number of Anisakis larvae in commercial fish using a descriptive model based on real-time PCR. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:1085-1090. [PMID: 32770689 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seafood parasitation by Anisakis (Anisakidae) larvae has been reported in most of the oceans and seas worldwide. The presence of these nematodes in commonly consumed fish represents a potential hazard for consumers as they can provoke gastrointestinal symptoms and allergic reactions. In the present work, the capacity of a SYBR Green qPCR protocol to quantify Anisakis larvae in commercial fish was evaluated using experimentally spiked samples with different numbers (0-50) of A. simplex third-stage larvae (L3). To verify the agreement of the obtained results, 25 naturally infected fish specimens of Atlantic blue whiting underwent a parallel visual inspection. RESULTS The logarithmic behavior of the Cq data obtained from the experimentally spiked samples allowed the development of a descriptive mathematical model that correlates the Cq value with the number of Anisakis larvae (R2 = 0.9908, CV = 2.37%). In the commercial blue whiting specimens there was a high correlation between the results of the molecular technique and the visual inspection (R2 = 0.9912); the Bland-Altman analysis showed that 94% of the differences were within the limits of agreement (-4.98 and 6.68), indicating the reliability of the descriptive mathematical model based on the SYBR Green qPCR technique. CONCLUSION The descriptive function presented based on the SYBR Green qPCR assay is promising as a sensitive and accurate tool for measuring the Anisakis larval load in commercial fish, with a potential application not only in the food industry but also in prevention programs for public health. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Godínez-González
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Biology, Health and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Roca-Geronès
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Biology, Health and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Montoliu
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Biology, Health and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Fisa
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Biology, Health and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fioravanti ML, Gustinelli A, Rigos G, Buchmann K, Caffara M, Pascual S, Pardo MÁ. Negligible risk of zoonotic anisakid nematodes in farmed fish from European mariculture, 2016 to 2018. Euro Surveill 2021; 26:1900717. [PMID: 33446302 PMCID: PMC7809721 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.2.1900717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe increasing demand for raw or undercooked fish products, supplied by both aquaculture and fisheries, raises concerns about the transmission risk to humans of zoonotic fish parasites. This has led to the current European Union (EU) Regulation No 1276/2011 amending Annex III of Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 and mandating a freezing treatment of such products. Zoonotic parasites, particularly anisakid larvae, have been well documented in wild fish. Data on their presence in European aquaculture products, however, are still scarce, except for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), where the zoonotic risk was assessed as negligible, exempting it from freezing treatment.AimTo evaluate the zoonotic Anisakidae parasite risk in European farmed marine fish other than Atlantic salmon.MethodsFrom 2016 to 2018 an observational parasitological survey was undertaken on 6,549 farmed fish including 2,753 gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), 2,761 European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and 1,035 turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) from 14 farms in Italy, Spain and Greece. Furthermore, 200 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) sea-caged in Denmark, as well as 352 seabream and 290 seabass imported in Italy and Spain from other countries were examined. Fish were subjected to visual inspection and candling. Fresh visceral organs/fillet samples were artificially digested or UV pressed and visually examined for zoonotic anisakid larvae.ResultsNo zoonotic parasites were found in any of the fish investigated.ConclusionsThe risk linked to zoonotic Anisakidae in the examined fish species from European mariculture appears negligible. This study laid the groundwork for considerations to amend the current EU regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Letizia Fioravanti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Gustinelli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - George Rigos
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Attika, Greece
| | - Kurt Buchmann
- Parasitology and Aquatic Pathobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Monica Caffara
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Pardo
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Čelakovská J, Bukač J, Vaňková R, Krejsek J, Andrýs C, Krcmova I. Food allergy to shrimps and fish in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis, the results of ISAC Multiplex examination. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2020.1826911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Čelakovská
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - J. Bukač
- Department of Medical Biophysic, Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech republic
| | - R. Vaňková
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - J. Krejsek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - C. Andrýs
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - I. Krcmova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kochanowski M, Różycki M, Dąbrowska J, Karamon J, Sroka J, Antolak E, Bełcik A, Cencek T. Development and Application of Novel Chemiluminescence Immunoassays for Highly Sensitive Detection of Anisakis simplex Proteins in Thermally Processed Seafood. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9100777. [PMID: 32977528 PMCID: PMC7598195 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The third-stage larvae (L3) of Anisakis simplex are the most important source of hidden allergens in seafood products. However, there exist no commercial methods for detecting Anisakis proteins in food. Furthermore, only a few methods have been validated for the detection of A. simplex in thermally processed food. The aims of our study are (i) the development and validation of high-sensitivity chemiluminescent (CL) immunoassays for the detection of A. simplex proteins in processed seafood, (ii) and A. simplex antigen detection in common seafood products from Polish markets. We developed and validated CL sandwich ELISA (S-ELISA) and CL competitive ELISA (C-ELISA) methods for A. simplex proteins detection in food, with respective detection limits of 0.5 and 5 ng/mL. The usefulness of the assays for detecting A. simplex proteins in highly processed food was evaluated by examination of autoclaved canned fish spiked with A. simplex larvae (1–8 larvae/200 g). Commercial real-time PCR was unable to detect A. simplex in autoclaved samples at all levels of enrichment with Anisakis larvae. CL-S-ELISA was used to test various types of seafood products from Polish markets. Among all tested products (n = 259), 28% were positive. A. simplex antigens were found mostly (n = 39) in smoked fish products: mackerel, herring, cod, and hake. Other positive samples were found in marinated herrings, canned cod livers, canned mackerels, and surimi sticks. In tuna, Atlantic argentine, anchovy, sardine, sprat, and squid products, A. simplex antigens were not detected. This study provides novel effective tools for the detection of A. simplex proteins in processed food and highlights the potential allergic hazards for Anisakis-sensitized Polish consumers of seafood.
Collapse
|
19
|
Adroher-Auroux FJ, Benítez-Rodríguez R. Anisakiasis and Anisakis: An underdiagnosed emerging disease and its main etiological agents. Res Vet Sci 2020; 132:535-545. [PMID: 32828066 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Anisakiasis or anisakiosis is a human parasitic infection caused by the third-stage larvae (L3) of nematodes of the genus Anisakis, although the term is also used in medical literature for the much less frequent (<3% of cases) infection by L3 of other genera of anisakids, particularly Pseudoterranova. These parasites have a marine lifecycle. Humans are infected by the L3 through ingesting of fish and squid, the intermediate/paratenic hosts. The live larvae generally penetrate the wall of the stomach or intestine causing, among other symptoms, intense pain or allergic symptoms. These are emerging, cosmopolite illnesses. Diagnosis and treatment is usually by endoscopy and extraction and identification of the larvae. Allergic forms are usually diagnosed by prick-test and/or allergen-specific IgE detection and treated with a suitable anti-allergy treatment. The patient is also warned against further consumption of marine fish or squid, as these may be infected with Anisakis. The most common method of prevention is thermal treatment of the entire fish or squid prior to consumption (>60 °C, >1 min or - 20 °C, >24 h). Useful measures for the control of anisakiasis would be to establish a national register of cases, to initiate educational campaigns for the general public and consciousness-raising and training campaigns for health professionals. These would be complemented by control measures for the relevant sectors of the economy: fish operators, fish farming, fishermen, fishmongers, fish industry and catering facilities. Possible genetic predisposition for allergy to Anisakis and the possible relationship between anisakiasis and cancer would also require further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rocío Benítez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Asymptomatic Anisakiasis in a Patient With Crohn Disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2020; 71:e72. [PMID: 32142008 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
|
21
|
de Las Vecillas L, Muñoz-Cacho P, López-Hoyos M, Monttecchiani V, Martínez-Sernández V, Ubeira FM, Rodríguez-Fernández F. Analysis of Ani s 7 and Ani s 1 allergens as biomarkers of sensitization and allergy severity in human anisakiasis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11275. [PMID: 32647149 PMCID: PMC7347943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67786-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The high frequency of infection by Anisakis simplex (A. simplex) has led to an increase in IgE sensitization, turning allergy to this parasite a relevant contemporary health problem. Improving the lack of conventional diagnosis test specificity is crucial to better understand these clinical scenarios. Specific IgE (sIgE) to A. simplex extract by ImmunoCAP (Anisakis-sIgE) was determined in sera from 403 blood donors (BD) from Cantabria (North of Spain) of which 51 subjects resulted sensitized. Among these latter, 47 were asymptomatic (sABD). The values of total IgE, prick-test, Anisakis-sIgE, and sIgE to Ani s 1 (anti-rAni s 1) and Ani s 7 (anti-rAni s 7) were compared between 46 sABD and 49 A. simplex allergic patients. The IgE seroprevalence by ImmunoCAP among BD was 12.65%. Allergic patients and sABD showed significant differences in all serum biomarkers evaluated. The area under the curve was assessed for Anisakis-sIgE (0.892), sIgE-rAni s 1 (0.672) and sIgE-rAni s 7 (0.668). After a severe reaction, significantly higher levels of Anisakis-sIgE and sIgE anti-rAni s 1 were detected. Determinations of sIgE by ImmunoCAP, Ani s 1 and Ani s 7 presented different sensitization patterns between allergic and asymptomatic individuals. The Ani s 1 allergen arises as a possible biomarker to detect patients at risk of suffering severe allergic reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leticia de Las Vecillas
- Department of Allergy, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain.
| | - Pedro Muñoz-Cacho
- Gerencia Atención Primaria, Servicio Cántabro de Salud, Santander, Spain
| | - Marcos López-Hoyos
- Department of Immunology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Vittoria Monttecchiani
- Department of Allergy, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Victoria Martínez-Sernández
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación en Análisis Químicos y Biológicos (IAQBUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Florencio M Ubeira
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación en Análisis Químicos y Biológicos (IAQBUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Fernández
- Department of Allergy, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Viñas M, Postigo I, Suñén E, Martínez J. Urticaria and silent parasitism by Ascaridoidea: Component-resolved diagnosis reinforces the significance of this association. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008177. [PMID: 32243436 PMCID: PMC7170265 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Urticaria remains a major problem in terms of aetiology, investigation, and management, and although parasitic diseases are considered potential causes, the absence of a consistent link between parasitic infections and skin allergy symptoms leads to the need for a deeper study of parameters that support this association. The objectives of this study were to analyse a possible relationship between parasitism by Ascarididae (Toxocara canis and Anisakis simplex) and the clinical expression of urticaria and to identify possible parasitic molecular markers for improving the diagnosis of unknown urticaria aetiology. The prevalence of Toxocara and Anisakis infestations was evaluated by measuring the levels of specific IgG (sIgG) and IgE (sIgE) antibodies against crude extracts and isolated components from whole larvae of Anisakis simplex (Ani s 1, Ani s 3 and Ani s 7) and Toxocara canis (TES-120, TES-70, TES-32 and TES-26) using immunologic and molecular diagnostic methods. A cross-sectional study was performed in a group of 400 individuals. The study group consisted of 95 patients diagnosed with urticaria (55 with chronic urticaria and 40 with acute urticaria). A control group consisted of 305 subjects without urticaria (182 diagnosed with respiratory allergy and 123 without allergy). Statistically significant differences were demonstrated in the seroprevalence of specific IgG and IgE antibodies between the urticaria patients and the healthy general population when isolated ascarid antigens were evaluated. The prevalence of IgG antibodies against Ani s 1, IgE antibodies against TES-120 and IgE antibodies against TES-70 were significantly different between the control individuals (healthy general population) and patients with urticaria. Moreover, the urticaria patient group demonstrated a higher seroprevalence of antibodies (sIgE and sIgG) against Anisakis simplex larva whole extract than the control group but just with statistically diferences when sIgE was evaluated. The presence of IgE and/or IgG antibodies against Ani s 3 (tropomyosin) can help to discriminate between patients with and without urticaria. Both ascarids seem to be associated with urticaria, although in our region, Anisakis seems to have greater involvement than Toxocara in this relationship. Molecular diagnostics can be used to associate urticaria with parasite infestations. Tropomyosin and Ani s 1 were the most relevant markers to demonstrate the association between urticaria and the most relevant Ascarididae parasites in our region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Viñas
- Allergy Service, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Carretera de Torrebonica, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Idoia Postigo
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Allergy, Research Center Lascaray, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paseo de la Universidad, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Ester Suñén
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Allergy, Research Center Lascaray, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paseo de la Universidad, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Jorge Martínez
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Allergy, Research Center Lascaray, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paseo de la Universidad, Vitoria, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kim JY, Yi MH, Yong TS. Allergen-like Molecules from Parasites. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2020; 21:186-202. [DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190708154300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Parasite infections modulate immunologic responses, and the loss of parasite infections in the
last two to three decades might explain the increased prevalence of allergic diseases in developed countries.
However, parasites can enhance allergic responses. Parasites contain or release allergen-like molecules
that induce the specific immunoglobulin, IgE, and trigger type-2 immune responses. Some parasites
and their proteins, such as Anisakis and Echinococcus granulosus allergens, act as typical allergens.
A number of IgE-binding proteins of various helminthic parasites are cross-reactive to other environmental
allergens, which cause allergic symptoms or hamper accurate diagnosis of allergic diseases. The
cross-reactivity is based on the fact that parasite proteins are structurally homologous to common environmental
allergens. In addition, IgE-binding proteins of parasites might be useful for developing vaccines
to prevent host re-infection. This review discusses the functions of the IgE-biding proteins of parasites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yeong Kim
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, and Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Yi
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, and Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Tai-Soon Yong
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, and Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Smaldone G, Abollo E, Marrone R, Bernardi CEM, Chirollo C, Anastasio A, Del Hierro SP. Risk-based scoring and genetic identification for anisakids in frozen fish products from Atlantic FAO areas. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:65. [PMID: 32085758 PMCID: PMC7033913 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02286-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of Anisakis larvae in fish represents a major public health concern. Effective risk management procedures should be applied to prevent heavily infected products from reaching the market. The aim of the study is to provide preliminary data on parasite exposure and risk classification in frozen fish products by applying a risk categorization scheme (site, abundance, density and epidemiology – SADE) and Fish Parasite Rating (FPR) method. Fish and cephalopods samples (N = 771) from 5 different FAO Atlantic areas were examined and categorized after an accurate visual inspection and a chloro-peptic digestion. Results In 25 out of 33 fish species parasite larvae were found. 10897 anisakids larvae were collected and identified to genus level. Molva dypterygia, Conger conger, Zeus faber and Aphanopus carbo were shown to be the most highly infected species. SADE and FPR scores were 1 and poor, respectively, for the referred species, because of the disseminated Anisakis infection and commercial rejection. Conclusion SADE/FPR method showed high specificity and accuracy. The information provided in this work could be used in early warning systems for the detection of parasites in fishery products and might help fishing industries in establishing management strategies for infected stocks in terms of cost saving decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Smaldone
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples, Federico II, via Università 100, 80055, Naples, Portici (NA), Italy.,Centro di Riferimento Regionale per la Sicurezza Sanitaria del Pescato CRiSSaP, Naples, Campania Region, Italy
| | - Elvira Abollo
- Centro Tecnológico del Mar - Fundación CETMAR, C/Eduardo Cabello s/n, 36208, (Pontevedra), Vigo, Spain
| | - Raffaele Marrone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Food Hygiene, University of Naples, Federico II, via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy.
| | - Cristian E M Bernardi
- Department of Veterinary Science and Technologies for Food Safety, Laboratory of Food Inspection, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via A. Grasselli, 7-20137, Milano, Italy
| | - Claudia Chirollo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Food Hygiene, University of Naples, Federico II, via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Aniello Anastasio
- Centro di Riferimento Regionale per la Sicurezza Sanitaria del Pescato CRiSSaP, Naples, Campania Region, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Food Hygiene, University of Naples, Federico II, via Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Santiago P Del Hierro
- Ecobiomar - Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas de Vigo - CSIC - C/ Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, (Pontevedra),, Vigo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cammilleri G, Ferrantelli V, Pulvirenti A, Drago C, Stampone G, Del Rocio Quintero Macias G, Drago S, Arcoleo G, Costa A, Geraci F, Di Bella C. Validation of a Commercial Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assay for the Rapid Detection of Anisakis spp. DNA in Processed Fish Products. Foods 2020; 9:E92. [PMID: 31963107 PMCID: PMC7022600 DOI: 10.3390/foods9010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasites belonging to the Anisakis genera are organisms of interest for human health because they are responsible for the Anisakiasis zoonosis, caused by the ingestion of raw or undercooked fish. Furthermore, several authors have reported this parasite to be a relevant inducer of acute or chronic allergic diseases. In this work, a rapid commercial system based on Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) was optimised and validated for the sensitive and rapid detection of Anisakis spp. DNA in processed fish products. The specificity and sensitivity of the LAMP assay for processed fish samples experimentally infected with Anisakis spp. larvae and DNA were determined. The LAMP system proposed in this study was able to give positive amplification for all the processed fish samples artificially contaminated with Anisakis spp., giving sensitivity values equal to 100%. Specificity tests provided no amplification for the Contracaecum, Pseudoterranova, or Hysterothylacium genera and uninfected samples. The limit of detection (LOD) of the LAMP assay proposed was 102 times lower than the real-time PCR method compared. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report regarding the application of the LAMP assay for the detection of Anisakis spp. in processed fish products. The results obtained indicate that the LAMP assay validated in this work could be a reliable, easy-to-use, and convenient tool for the rapid detection of Anisakis DNA in fish product inspection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (V.F.); (A.C.); (F.G.); (C.D.B.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Università 4, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (V.F.); (A.C.); (F.G.); (C.D.B.)
| | - Andrea Pulvirenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Università 4, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Chiara Drago
- Enbiotech s.r.l. Via Aquileia 34, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.); (G.S.); (G.D.R.Q.M.); (S.D.); (G.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Stampone
- Enbiotech s.r.l. Via Aquileia 34, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.); (G.S.); (G.D.R.Q.M.); (S.D.); (G.A.)
| | | | - Sandro Drago
- Enbiotech s.r.l. Via Aquileia 34, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.); (G.S.); (G.D.R.Q.M.); (S.D.); (G.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Arcoleo
- Enbiotech s.r.l. Via Aquileia 34, 90144 Palermo, Italy; (C.D.); (G.S.); (G.D.R.Q.M.); (S.D.); (G.A.)
| | - Antonella Costa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (V.F.); (A.C.); (F.G.); (C.D.B.)
| | - Francesco Geraci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (V.F.); (A.C.); (F.G.); (C.D.B.)
| | - Calogero Di Bella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (V.F.); (A.C.); (F.G.); (C.D.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Klueber J, Schrama D, Rodrigues P, Dickel H, Kuehn A. Fish Allergy Management: From Component-Resolved Diagnosis to Unmet Diagnostic Needs. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ALLERGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40521-019-00235-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of review
Fish is a common elicitor of IgE-mediated food allergy. Fish includes a large variety of foods, in terms of species and food processing, with marked distinction in local diets around the globe. Fish-allergic patients present with phenotypic diversity and major differences in levels of clinical cross-reactivity, features that pose an important challenge for the clinical diagnosis and management.
Recent findings
Parvalbumin is the major fish allergen. However, a single molecule is not sufficient but several homologs, allergens different from parvalbumin and allergen extracts, are needed for IgE-based diagnosis.
Summary
Parvalbumin-specific IgE are markers for clinical cross-reactions. Added value is provided by IgE typing to parvalbumin homologs from distantly related fish. IgE co-sensitization profiles (parvalbumin, enolase, aldolase) are referred as severity markers. The allergen panel seems to be not yet complete why fish extracts still play a crucial role in serum IgE analysis. Further clinical validation of a multiplex approach in molecular fish allergy diagnosis is needed for striving to avoid unnecessary food restrictions and in a further sense, improved patient care.
Collapse
|
27
|
Prevalence and Risk of Anisakid Larvae in Fresh Fish Frequently Consumed in Spain: An Overview. FISHES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes4010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Anisakidosis is a fish-borne zoonosis caused by parasitic nematodes of the family Anisakidae, of which the species belonging to Anisakis simplex complex are the most representative. It is considered an emerging disease in Spain. The objective of this study is to analyse the presence of larvae in fish frequently consumed in Spanish supermarkets, inferring the risk of infection. In total 1,786 specimens of 9 different fish species, from two geographical origins (Atlantic and Mediterranean), acquired fresh and not eviscerated were examined for anisakid nematodes. Analysis showed that 33.7% of the samples were parasitized by Anisakis larvae. The horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) presented the highest total prevalence (66.0%), followed by the silver hake (Merluccius bilinearis) (59.5%), the mackerel (Scomber scombrus) (58.4%), the blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) (53.9%) and the European hake (Merlucius merlucius) (45.0%). In general, the prevalence was higher in Atlantic than in Mediterranean fish. In all the species analysed, a higher presence of the parasite was detected in the viscera than in the flesh, although in the most parasitized species a noteworthy prevalence and abundance was observed in the flesh. In conclusion, risk factors, like fish species and origin, should be considered by consumers, in addition of following the recommendations established by Commission Regulation (EU) No1276/2011 and the Spanish Royal Decree 1420/2006.
Collapse
|
28
|
Cammilleri G, Pulvirenti A, Costa A, Graci S, Collura R, Buscemi MD, Sciortino S, Vitale Badaco V, Vazzana M, Brunone M, Vella A, Di Bella C, Ferrantelli V. Seasonal trend of Anisakidae infestation in South Mediterranean bluefish. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:158-161. [PMID: 30784309 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1573232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A total of 1104 fish samples from markets of Sicily were analysed for the detection and species identification of Anisakidae nematodes. The preliminary analysis of the fish samples showed the presence of 2459 larvae. All the fish species revealed different prevalence of infestation, with a maximum of 100% for Lepidopus caudatus and a minimum of 4.5% in Sardina pilchardus. The 80% of the larvae examined by PCR-RFLP analysis belonged to Anisakis pegreffii species. The seasonal infestation trend of Anisakis was evaluated in all the fish sample examined. The results of the seasonal infestation trend showed a marked connection with the ecological aspects of the fish species examined. As far as we know, this work report for the first time important ecological aspects of Lepidopus caudatus specimens of South Mediterranean. This work could be useful to plan a seasonal fishing strategy aimed at reducing the health risks related to Anisakis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Pulvirenti
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonella Costa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefania Graci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosaria Collura
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Sonia Sciortino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Mirella Vazzana
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università degli studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Brunone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Vella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Di Bella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|