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Tran TTV, Tayara H, Chong KT. AMPred-CNN: Ames mutagenicity prediction model based on convolutional neural networks. Comput Biol Med 2024; 176:108560. [PMID: 38754218 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Mutagenicity assessment plays a pivotal role in the safety evaluation of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and environmental compounds. In recent years, the development of robust computational models for predicting chemical mutagenicity has gained significant attention, driven by the need for efficient and cost-effective toxicity assessments. In this paper, we proposed AMPred-CNN, an innovative Ames mutagenicity prediction model based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), uniquely employing molecular structures as images to leverage CNNs' powerful feature extraction capabilities. The study employs the widely used benchmark mutagenicity dataset from Hansen et al. for model development and evaluation. Comparative analyses with traditional ML models on different molecular features reveal substantial performance enhancements. AMPred-CNN outshines these models, demonstrating superior accuracy, AUC, F1 score, MCC, sensitivity, and specificity on the test set. Notably, AMPred-CNN is further benchmarked against seven recent ML and DL models, consistently showcasing superior performance with an impressive AUC of 0.954. Our study highlights the effectiveness of CNNs in advancing mutagenicity prediction, paving the way for broader applications in toxicology and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Tuyet Van Tran
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Information Technology, An Giang University, Long Xuyen 880000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University-Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh 700000, Viet Nam.
| | - Hilal Tayara
- School of International Engineering and Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kil To Chong
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; Advances Electronics and Information Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.
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Chen X, Yang S, Zhu B, Zhang M, Zheng N, Hua J, Li R, Han J, Yang L, Zhou B. Effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of niclosamide on lipid metabolism and steroid hormone synthesis in adult female zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 910:168737. [PMID: 37992841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Niclosamide (NIC) is a commonly used molluscicide that reportedly disrupts the endocrine system and may lead to lipid metabolism disorders. However, few studies have investigated the mechanism by which NIC affects the endocrine system from the perspective of lipid metabolism. Adult female zebrafish were fed either a normal-fat diet (NFD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) and then exposed for 28 days to environmentally relevant concentrations of NIC. NIC accumulated most in the liver followed by the brain and then the gonads in both feeding conditions. Somatic index changes confirmed that HFD promotes fish growth, and NIC administration inhibits it. Lipid metabolites were decreased by NIC, as were levels of pregnenolone, androstenedione, estrogen, testosterone, and estradiol, suggesting that NIC impacted steroidogenesis. In addition, gene transcription changes related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad-liver (HPGL) axis and altered ovarian histology strongly suggest that environmental relevant concentrations of NIC exposure may disrupt endocrine function. These findings highlighted that NIC exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations elicited endocrine-disruption effects may through impairing of steroid hormone synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shangyue Yang
- Library, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Biran Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan 430061, China.
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Na Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jianghuan Hua
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ruiwen Li
- Ecology and Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Ecology and Environment Administration of Yangtze River Basin, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Jian Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bingsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Alex NS, Khan HR, Ramachandra SG, Medhamurthy R. Pregnancy-associated Steroid Effects on Insulin Sensitivity, Adipogenesis, and Lipogenesis: Role of Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad076. [PMID: 37440965 PMCID: PMC10334487 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Context The shift in maternal energy metabolism characteristic of pregnancy is thought to be driven by various hormonal changes, especially of ovarian and placental steroids. Imbalances in circulating estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels during this period are often associated with metabolic disturbances leading to the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Since abnormalities in the Wnt pathway effector transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) are commonly associated with the occurrence of GDM, we hypothesized that the canonical or β-catenin-dependent Wnt signaling pathway mediates the metabolic actions of E2 and P4. Objective Our study was aimed at elucidating the metabolic function of the steroids E2 and P4, and examining the role of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in mediating the actions of these steroids. Methods The ovariectomized (OVX) rat was used as a model system to study the effect of known concentrations of exogenously administered E2 and P4. Niclosamide (Nic) was administered to block Wnt signaling. 3T3-L1 cells were used to analyze changes in differentiation in the presence of the steroids or niclosamide. Results In the present study, we observed that E2 enhanced insulin sensitivity and inhibited lipogenesis while P4 increased lipogenic gene expression-in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of OVX rats when the dosage of E2 and P4 mimicked that of pregnancy. Both E2 and P4 were also found to upregulate Wnt signaling. Nic nhibited the steroid-mediated increase in Wnt signaling in adipocytes and OVX rats. The insulin-sensitizing and antilipogenic actions of E2 were found to be mediated by the canonical Wnt pathway, but the effects of P4 on lipogenesis appeared to be independent of it. Additionally, it was observed that inhibition of Wnt signaling by Nic hastened adipogenic differentiation, and the inhibitory effect of E2 on differentiation was prevented by Nic. Conclusion The findings presented in this study highlight the role of steroids and Wnt pathway in glucose and lipid metabolism and are relevant to understanding the pathophysiology of metabolic disorders arising from hormonal disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neethu Sara Alex
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Habibur Rahaman Khan
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Subbaraya Gudde Ramachandra
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Rudraiah Medhamurthy
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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Tran TTV, Surya Wibowo A, Tayara H, Chong KT. Artificial Intelligence in Drug Toxicity Prediction: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:2628-2643. [PMID: 37125780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity prediction is a critical step in the drug discovery process that helps identify and prioritize compounds with the greatest potential for safe and effective use in humans, while also reducing the risk of costly late-stage failures. It is estimated that over 30% of drug candidates are discarded owing to toxicity. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has been used to improve drug toxicity prediction as it provides more accurate and efficient methods for identifying the potentially toxic effects of new compounds before they are tested in human clinical trials, thus saving time and money. In this review, we present an overview of recent advances in AI-based drug toxicity prediction, including the use of various machine learning algorithms and deep learning architectures, of six major toxicity properties and Tox21 assay end points. Additionally, we provide a list of public data sources and useful toxicity prediction tools for the research community and highlight the challenges that must be addressed to enhance model performance. Finally, we discuss future perspectives for AI-based drug toxicity prediction. This review can aid researchers in understanding toxicity prediction and pave the way for new methods of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Tuyet Van Tran
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Faculty of Information Technology, An Giang University, Long Xuyen 880000, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh 700000, Vietnam
| | - Agung Surya Wibowo
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Telkom University, Bandung 40257, Indonesia
| | - Hilal Tayara
- School of International Engineering and Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil To Chong
- Advances Electronics and Information Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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Wotring JW, McCarty SM, Shafiq K, Zhang CJ, Nguyen T, Meyer SR, Fursmidt R, Mirabelli C, Clasby MC, Wobus CE, O’Meara MJ, Sexton JZ. In Vitro Evaluation and Mitigation of Niclosamide's Liabilities as a COVID-19 Treatment. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1284. [PMID: 36016172 PMCID: PMC9412300 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Niclosamide, an FDA-approved oral anthelmintic drug, has broad biological activity including anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. Niclosamide has also been identified as a potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro, generating interest in its use for the treatment or prevention of COVID-19. Unfortunately, there are several potential issues with using niclosamide for COVID-19, including low bioavailability, significant polypharmacology, high cellular toxicity, and unknown efficacy against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. In this study, we used high-content imaging-based immunofluorescence assays in two different cell models to assess these limitations and evaluate the potential for using niclosamide as a COVID-19 antiviral. We show that despite promising preliminary reports, the antiviral efficacy of niclosamide overlaps with its cytotoxicity giving it a poor in vitro selectivity index for anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibition. We also show that niclosamide has significantly variable potency against the different SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and is most potent against variants with enhanced cell-to-cell spread including the B.1.1.7 (alpha) variant. Finally, we report the activity of 33 niclosamide analogs, several of which have reduced cytotoxicity and increased potency relative to niclosamide. A preliminary structure-activity relationship analysis reveals dependence on a protonophore for antiviral efficacy, which implicates nonspecific endolysosomal neutralization as a dominant mechanism of action. Further single-cell morphological profiling suggests niclosamide also inhibits viral entry and cell-to-cell spread by syncytia. Altogether, our results suggest that niclosamide is not an ideal candidate for the treatment of COVID-19, but that there is potential for developing improved analogs with higher clinical translational potential in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse W. Wotring
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sean M. McCarty
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Khadija Shafiq
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Charles J. Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Theophilus Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Michigan Medicine at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sophia R. Meyer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Reid Fursmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Michigan Medicine at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Carmen Mirabelli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Martin C. Clasby
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Christiane E. Wobus
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Matthew J. O’Meara
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jonathan Z. Sexton
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Michigan Medicine at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- U-M Center for Drug Repurposing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Wotring JW, Mccarty SM, Shafiq K, Zhang CJ, Nguyen T, Meyer SR, Fursmidt R, Mirabelli C, Clasby MC, Wobus CE, O’meara MJ, Sexton JZ. In Vitro Evaluation and Mitigation of Niclosamide’s Liabilities as a COVID-19 Treatment.. [PMID: 35860224 PMCID: PMC9298134 DOI: 10.1101/2022.06.24.497526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Niclosamide, an FDA-approved oral anthelmintic drug, has broad biological activity including anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. Niclosamide has also been identified as a potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro, generating interest in its use for the treatment or prevention of COVID-19. Unfortunately, there are several potential issues with using niclosamide for COVID-19, including low bioavailability, significant polypharmacology, high cellular toxicity, and unknown efficacy against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. In this study, we used high-content imaging-based immunofluorescence assays in two different cell models to assess these limitations and evaluate the potential for using niclosamide as a COVID-19 antiviral. We show that despite promising preliminary reports, the antiviral efficacy of niclosamide overlaps with its cytotoxicity giving it a poor in vitro selectivity index for anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibition. We also show that niclosamide has significantly variable potency against the different SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and is most potent against variants with enhanced cell-to-cell spread including B.1.1.7. Finally, we report the activity of 33 niclosamide analogs, several of which have reduced cytotoxicity and increased potency relative to niclosamide. A preliminary structure-activity relationship analysis reveals dependence on a protonophore for antiviral efficacy, which implicates nonspecific endolysosomal neutralization as a dominant mechanism of action. Further single-cell morphological profiling suggests niclosamide also inhibits viral entry and cell-to-cell spread by syncytia. Altogether, our results suggest that niclosamide is not an ideal candidate for the treatment of COVID-19, but that there is potential for developing improved analogs with higher clinical translational potential in the future.
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7
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Ngai TW, Elfar GA, Yeo P, Phua N, Hor JH, Chen S, Ho YS, Cheok CF. Nitro-Deficient Niclosamide Confers Reduced Genotoxicity and Retains Mitochondrial Uncoupling Activity for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10420. [PMID: 34638761 PMCID: PMC8508655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Niclosamide is an oral anthelmintic drug, approved for use against tapeworm infections. Recent studies suggest however that niclosamide may have broader clinical applications in cancers, spurring increased interest in the functions and mechanisms of niclosamide. Previously, we reported that niclosamide targets a metabolic vulnerability in p53-deficient tumours, providing a basis for patient stratification and personalised treatment strategies. In the present study, we functionally characterised the contribution of the aniline 4'-NO2 group on niclosamide to its cellular activities. We demonstrated that niclosamide induces genome-wide DNA damage that is mechanistically uncoupled from its antitumour effects mediated through mitochondrial uncoupling. Elimination of the nitro group in ND-Nic analogue significantly reduced γH2AX signals and DNA breaks while preserving its antitumour mechanism mediated through a calcium signalling pathway and arachidonic acid metabolism. Lipidomics profiling further revealed that ND-Nic-treated cells retained a metabolite profile characteristic of niclosamide-treated cells. Notably, quantitative scoring of drug sensitivity suggests that elimination of its nitro group enhanced the target selectivity of niclosamide against p53 deficiency. Importantly, the results also raise concern that niclosamide may impose a pleiotropic genotoxic effect, which limits its clinical efficacy and warrants further investigation into alternative drug analogues that may ameliorate any potential unwanted side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz Wai Ngai
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (T.W.N.); (G.A.E.); (P.Y.); (N.P.); (J.H.H.)
| | - Gamal Ahmed Elfar
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (T.W.N.); (G.A.E.); (P.Y.); (N.P.); (J.H.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Pearlyn Yeo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (T.W.N.); (G.A.E.); (P.Y.); (N.P.); (J.H.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Phua
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (T.W.N.); (G.A.E.); (P.Y.); (N.P.); (J.H.H.)
| | - Jin Hui Hor
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (T.W.N.); (G.A.E.); (P.Y.); (N.P.); (J.H.H.)
| | - Shuwen Chen
- Analytical Science and Technology (Metabolomics), Bioprocessing Technology Institute, 20 Biopolis Way, Centros #06-01, Singapore 138668, Singapore; (S.C.); (Y.S.H.)
| | - Ying Swan Ho
- Analytical Science and Technology (Metabolomics), Bioprocessing Technology Institute, 20 Biopolis Way, Centros #06-01, Singapore 138668, Singapore; (S.C.); (Y.S.H.)
| | - Chit Fang Cheok
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (T.W.N.); (G.A.E.); (P.Y.); (N.P.); (J.H.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
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Kumar R, Khan FU, Sharma A, Siddiqui MH, Aziz IB, Kamal MA, Ashraf GM, Alghamdi BS, Uddin MS. A deep neural network-based approach for prediction of mutagenicity of compounds. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:47641-47650. [PMID: 33895950 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We are exposed to various chemical compounds present in the environment, cosmetics, and drugs almost every day. Mutagenicity is a valuable property that plays a significant role in establishing a chemical compound's safety. Exposure and handling of mutagenic chemicals in the environment pose a high health risk; therefore, identification and screening of these chemicals are essential. Considering the time constraints and the pressure to avoid laboratory animals' use, the shift to alternative methodologies that can establish a rapid and cost-effective detection without undue over-conservation seems critical. In this regard, computational detection and identification of the mutagens in environmental samples like drugs, pesticides, dyes, reagents, wastewater, cosmetics, and other substances is vital. From the last two decades, there have been numerous efforts to develop the prediction models for mutagenicity, and by far, machine learning methods have demonstrated some noteworthy performance and reliability. However, the accuracy of such prediction models has always been one of the major concerns for the researchers working in this area. The mutagenicity prediction models were developed using deep neural network (DNN), support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, and random forest. The developed classifiers were based on 3039 compounds and validated on 1014 compounds; each of them encoded with 1597 molecular feature vectors. DNN-based prediction model yielded highest prediction accuracy of 92.95% and 83.81% with the training and test data, respectively. The area under the receiver's operating curve and precision-recall curve values were found to be 0.894 and 0.838, respectively. The DNN-based classifier not only fits the data with better performance as compared to traditional machine learning algorithms, viz., support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, and random forest (with and without feature reduction) but also yields better performance metrics. In current work, we propose a DNN-based model to predict mutagenicity of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajnish Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Farhat Ullah Khan
- Computer and Information Sciences Department, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, 32610, Seri Iskander, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Anju Sharma
- Department of Applied Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammed Haris Siddiqui
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Basha, Kursi Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Izzatdin Ba Aziz
- Computer and Information Sciences Department, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, 32610, Seri Iskander, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- West China School of Nursing / Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Badrah S Alghamdi
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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Lipophilic Cations Rescue the Growth of Yeast under the Conditions of Glycolysis Overflow. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091345. [PMID: 32962296 PMCID: PMC7563754 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemicals inducing a mild decrease in the ATP/ADP ratio are considered as caloric restriction mimetics as well as treatments against obesity. Screening for such chemicals in animal model systems requires a lot of time and labor. Here, we present a system for the rapid screening of non-toxic substances causing such a de-energization of cells. We looked for chemicals allowing the growth of yeast lacking trehalose phosphate synthase on a non-fermentable carbon source in the presence of glucose. Under such conditions, the cells cannot grow because the cellular phosphate is mostly being used to phosphorylate the sugars in upper glycolysis, while the biosynthesis of bisphosphoglycerate is blocked. We reasoned that by decreasing the ATP/ADP ratio, one might prevent the phosphorylation of the sugars and also boost bisphosphoglycerate synthesis by providing the substrate, i.e., inorganic phosphate. We confirmed that a complete inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation alleviates the block. As our system includes a non-fermentable carbon source, only the chemicals that did not cause a complete block of mitochondrial ATP synthesis allowed the initial depletion of glucose followed by respiratory growth. Using this system, we found two novel compounds, dodecylmethyl diphenylamine (FS1) and diethyl (tetradecyl) phenyl ammonium bromide (Kor105), which possess a mild membrane-depolarizing activity.
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10
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Liu Y, Yang C, Feng X, Qi L, Guo J, Zhu D, Thai PN, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Sun M, Lv J, Zhang L, Xu Z, Lu X. Prenatal High-Salt Diet-Induced Metabolic Disorders via Decreasing Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1α in Adult Male Rat Offspring. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000196. [PMID: 32506826 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Although prenatal high-salt (HS) intake leads to physiological complications in the offspring, little is known regarding its effects on the offspring's glucose metabolism. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to determine the consequences of prenatal HS diet on the offspring's metabolism and to test a potential therapy. METHODS AND RESULTS Pregnant rats are fed either a normal-salt (1% NaCl) or high-salt (8% NaCl) diet during the whole pregnancy. Experiments are conducted in five-month-old male offspring. It is found that the prenatal HS diet reduced the glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity of the offspring. Additionally, there is down-regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (Ppargc1a/PPARGC1A) at the transcript and protein level, which leads to decreased mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative respiration in skeletal muscle. Moreover, the down-regulation of Ppargc1a is accompanied by decreases in the expression of glucose transporter type 4 (Glut4). With endurance exercise training, these changes are mitigated, which ultimately resulted in improved insulin resistance. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that prenatal HS intake induces metabolic disorders via the decreased expression of Ppargc1a in the skeletal muscle of adult offspring, providing novel information concerning the mechanisms and early prevention of metabolic diseases of fetal origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Liu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Chunli Yang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Xueqin Feng
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Linglu Qi
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Phung N Thai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Pengjie Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Juanxiu Lv
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92324, USA
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Xiyuan Lu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
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Liu Y, Bai H, Guo F, Thai PN, Luo X, Zhang P, Yang C, Feng X, Zhu D, Guo J, Liang P, Xu Z, Yang H, Lu X. PGC-1α activator ZLN005 promotes maturation of cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:7411-7430. [PMID: 32343674 PMCID: PMC7202542 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) have great potential in biomedical applications. However, the immature state of cardiomyocytes obtained using existing protocols limits the application of hPSC-CMs. Unlike adult cardiac myocytes, hPSC-CMs generate ATP through an immature metabolic pathway—aerobic glycolysis, instead of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Hence, metabolic switching is critical for functional maturation in hPSC-CMs. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) is a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism, which may help promote cardiac maturation during development. In this study, we investigated the effects of PGC-1α and its activator ZLN005 on the maturation of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hESC-CM). hESC-CMs were generated using a chemically defined differentiation protocol and supplemented with either ZLN005 or DMSO (control) on differentiating days 10 to 12. Biological assays were then performed around day 30. ZLN005 treatment upregulated the expressions of PGC-1α and mitochondrial function-related genes in hESC-CMs and induced more mature energy metabolism compared with the control group. In addition, ZLN005 treatment increased cell sarcomere length, improved cell calcium handling, and enhanced intercellular connectivity. These findings support an effective approach to promote hESC-CM maturation, which is critical for the application of hESC-CM in disease modeling, drug screening, and engineering cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Liu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huajun Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengfeng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Phung N Thai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunli Yang
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Feng
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhice Xu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huangtian Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing, China
| | - Xiyuan Lu
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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