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Arya V, Narayana S, Sinha T, Kandan A, Satyanarayana Raju SV. A simple PCR-based quick detection of the economically important oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) from India. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1399718. [PMID: 39045589 PMCID: PMC11263087 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1399718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), is a significant economic and quarantine pest due to its polyphagous nature. The accurate identification of B. dorsalis is challenging at the egg, maggot, and pupal stages, due to lack of distinct morphological characters and its similarity to other fruit flies. Adult identification requires specialized taxonomist. Existing identification methods are laborious, time consuming, and expensive. Rapid and precise identification is crucial for timely management. By analyzing the variations in the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase-1 gene sequence (Insect barcoding gene), we developed a species-specific primer (SSP), DorFP1/DorRP1, for accurate identification of B. dorsalis. The optimal annealing temperature for the SSP was determined to be 66°C, with no cross-amplification or primer-dimer formation observed. The SSP was validated with B. dorsalis specimens from various locations in northern and eastern India and tested for cross-specificity with six other economically significant fruit fly species in India. The primer specificity was further confirmed by the analysis of critical threshold (Ct) value from a qPCR assay. Sensitivity analysis showed the primer could detect template DNA concentrations as low as 1 pg/µl, though sensitivity decreased at lower concentrations. Sequencing of the SSP-amplified product revealed over >99% similarity with existing B. dorsalis sequences in the NCBI GenBank. The developed SSP reliably identifies B. dorsalis across all developmental stages and sexes. This assay is expected to significantly impact pest identification, phytosanitary measures, and eradication programs for B. dorsalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Arya
- Insects Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Srinivasa Narayana
- Insects Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Twinke Sinha
- Insects Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aravindaram Kandan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Samantapudi Venkata Satyanarayana Raju
- Insect Physiology and Toxicology Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Rizzo D, Zubieta CG, Sacchetti P, Marrucci A, Miele F, Ascolese R, Nugnes F, Bernardo U. Diagnostic Tool for the Identification of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) Using Real-Time PCR. INSECTS 2024; 15:44. [PMID: 38249050 PMCID: PMC10815988 DOI: 10.3390/insects15010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Accurate identification of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), commonly known as the Oriental fruit fly, is a significant challenge due to the morphological convergence and taxonomic uncertainties of species belonging to the same genus. This highly polyphagous species poses a significant threat to fruit crops. With its potential establishment in Europe becoming a growing concern, there is an urgent need for rapid and efficient diagnostic methods. The study presented here introduces a diagnostic protocol based on real-time PCR using a TaqMan probe for the early and reproducible identification of B. dorsalis. Specimens representing the genetic diversity of the Italian population were collected and analyzed. Specific primers and probe were designed based on the conserved regions and an in silico analysis confirmed their specificity. The assay conditions were optimized, and analytical sensitivity, specificity, repeatability, and reproducibility were evaluated. The protocol showed high sensitivity and specificity, accurately detecting low DNA concentrations of B. dorsalis. This standardized method provides a reliable tool for routine diagnostics, enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of identifying the Oriental fruit fly at all stages of its development, thereby facilitating effective pest management measures. The development of this diagnostic protocol is crucial for monitoring and supporting efforts to prevent the passive spread of B. dorsalis in Europe, particularly in light of the recent active infestations detected in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Rizzo
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy; (D.R.); (C.G.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Claudia Gabriela Zubieta
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy; (D.R.); (C.G.Z.); (A.M.)
| | - Patrizia Sacchetti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine, 18, 50144 Florence, Italy;
| | - Andrea Marrucci
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy; (D.R.); (C.G.Z.); (A.M.)
- Department of Agricultural Food and Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fortuna Miele
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council (CNR), P.le Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy; (F.M.); (R.A.); (F.N.)
| | - Roberta Ascolese
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council (CNR), P.le Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy; (F.M.); (R.A.); (F.N.)
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Nugnes
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council (CNR), P.le Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy; (F.M.); (R.A.); (F.N.)
| | - Umberto Bernardo
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council (CNR), P.le Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy; (F.M.); (R.A.); (F.N.)
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Alon DM, Partosh T, Burstein D, Pines G. Rapid and sensitive on-site genetic diagnostics of pest fruit flies using CRISPR-Cas12a. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:68-75. [PMID: 36073293 PMCID: PMC10086973 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bactrocera zonata, a major fruit pest species, is gradually spreading west from its native habitat in East Asia. In recent years it has become a significant threat to the Mediterranean area, with the potential of invading Europe, the Americas, and Australia. To prevent it spreading, monitoring efforts in cultivation sites and border controls are carried out. Despite these efforts, and due to morphological similarities between B. zonata and other pests in relevant developmental stages, the monitoring process is challenging, time-consuming, and requires external assistance from professional laboratories. CRISPR-Cas12a genetic diagnostics has been rapidly developing in recent years and provides an efficient tool for the genetic identification of pathogens, viruses, and other genetic targets. Here we design a CRISPR-Cas12a detection assay that differentially detects two major pest species, B. zonata and Ceratitis capitata. RESULTS We demonstrate the specificity and high sensitivity of this method. Identification of target pests was done using specific and universal primers on pooled samples, enabling differentiation of pests with high certainty. We also demonstrate reaction stability over time for future on-site applications. DISCUSSION Our easy-to-use and affordable assay employs a simple DNA extraction technique together with isothermal amplification and Cas12a-based detection. This method is highly modular, and the presented target design method can be applied to a wide array of pests. This approach can be easily adapted to fit local threats and requires minimal training of operators in border controls and other relevant locations, reshaping pest control and making state-of-the-art technologies available worldwide, including in developing countries. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Mark Alon
- Department of EntomologyAgricultural Research Organization—The Volcani CenterRishon LeZionIsrael
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Faculty of Life ScienceTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Tamir Partosh
- Department of EntomologyAgricultural Research Organization—The Volcani CenterRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - David Burstein
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Faculty of Life ScienceTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Gur Pines
- Department of EntomologyAgricultural Research Organization—The Volcani CenterRishon LeZionIsrael
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Rizzo D, Aglietti C, Benigno A, Bracalini M, Da Lio D, Bartolini L, Cappellini G, Aronadio A, Francia C, Luchi N, Santini A, Cacciola SO, Panzavolta T, Moricca S. Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) and SYBR Green qPCR for Fast and Reliable Detection of Geosmithia morbida (Kolařik) in Infected Walnut. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1239. [PMID: 35567240 PMCID: PMC9105940 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Walnut species (Juglans spp.) are multipurpose trees, widely employed in plantation forestry for high-quality timber and nut production, as well as in urban greening as ornamental plants. These species are currently threatened by the thousand cankers disease (TCD) complex, an insect-fungus association which involves the ascomycete Geosmithia morbida (GM) and its vector, the bark beetle Pityophthorus juglandis. While TCD has been studied extensively where it originated in North America, little research has been carried out in Europe, where it was more recently introduced. A key step in research to cope with this new phytosanitary emergency is the development of effective molecular detection tools. In this work, we report two accurate molecular methods for the diagnosis of GM, based on LAMP (real-time and visual) and SYBR Green qPCR, which are complimentary to and integrated with similar recently developed assays. Our protocols detected GM DNA from pure mycelium and from infected woody tissue with high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, without cross-reactivity to a large panel of taxonomically related species. The precision and robustness of our tests guarantee high diagnostic standards and could be used to support field diagnostic end-users in TCD monitoring and surveillance campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Rizzo
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy; (D.R.); (L.B.); (G.C.); (C.F.)
| | - Chiara Aglietti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; (C.A.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Alessandra Benigno
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; (C.A.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Matteo Bracalini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; (C.A.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Daniele Da Lio
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Linda Bartolini
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy; (D.R.); (L.B.); (G.C.); (C.F.)
| | - Giovanni Cappellini
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy; (D.R.); (L.B.); (G.C.); (C.F.)
| | - Antonio Aronadio
- Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, c/o Interporto Toscano “Amerigo Vespucci”, Collesalvetti, 57014 Livorno, Italy;
| | - Cristina Francia
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy; (D.R.); (L.B.); (G.C.); (C.F.)
| | - Nicola Luchi
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (N.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Alberto Santini
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (N.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Santa Olga Cacciola
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Tiziana Panzavolta
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; (C.A.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Salvatore Moricca
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; (C.A.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (T.P.)
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Rizzo D, Da Lio D, Bartolini L, Cappellini G, Bruscoli T, Salemi C, Aronadio A, Del Nista D, Pennacchio F, Boersma N, Rossi E, Sacchetti P. Development of Three Molecular Diagnostic Tools for the Identification of the False Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:1796-1807. [PMID: 34170317 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Three molecular protocols using qPCR TaqMan probe, SYBR Green, and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) methods were set up for the identification of larvae and adults of an African invasive moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick, 1913) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The DNA extracts from larval and adult samples of T. leucotreta were perfectly amplified with an average Ct value of 19.47 ± 2.63. All assays were demonstrated to be inclusive for T. leucotreta and exclusive for the nontarget species tested; the absence of false positives for nontarget species showed a 100% of diagnostic specificity and diagnostic sensitivity for all assays. With the SYBR Green protocol, the Cq values were only considered for values less than 22 (cutoff value) to prevent false-positive results caused by the late amplification of nonspecific amplicons. The limit of detection (LoD) for the qPCR probe protocol was equal to 0.02 pg/µl while a value equal to 0.128 pg/µl for the qPCR SYBR Green assay and LAMP method were established, respectively. The intrarun variabilities of reproducibility and repeatability in all the assays evaluated as CV%, ranged between 0.21 and 6.14, and between 0.33 and 9.52, respectively; the LAMP values were slightly higher than other assays, indicating a very low interrun variability. In order for an operator to choose the most desirable method, several parameters were considered and discussed. For future development of these assays, it is possible to hypothesize the setup of a diagnostic kit including all the three methods combined, to empower the test reliability and robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Rizzo
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole, Pistoia, Italy
| | - D Da Lio
- DAFE, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Bartolini
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole, Pistoia, Italy
| | - G Cappellini
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole, Pistoia, Italy
| | - T Bruscoli
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole, Pistoia, Italy
| | - C Salemi
- DAFE, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Aronadio
- Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, c/o Interporto Toscano 'Amerigo Vespucci', Palazzina 'Colombo', via Delle Colline, Guasticce, Leghorn, Italy
| | - D Del Nista
- Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, c/o Interporto Toscano 'Amerigo Vespucci', Palazzina 'Colombo', via Delle Colline, Guasticce, Leghorn, Italy
| | - F Pennacchio
- CREA - Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, via Lanciola, Florence, Italy
| | - N Boersma
- Plants & Pathways Directorate, Ministry for Primary Industries, TSB Bank Tower, Lambton Quay, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - E Rossi
- DAFE, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, Pisa, Italy
| | - P Sacchetti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Via Maragliano, Florence, Italy
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Rizzo D, Moricca S, Bracalini M, Benigno A, Bernardo U, Luchi N, Da Lio D, Nugnes F, Cappellini G, Salemi C, Cacciola SO, Panzavolta T. Rapid Detection of Pityophthorus juglandis (Blackman) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) with the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Method. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061048. [PMID: 34067342 PMCID: PMC8224600 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The walnut twig beetle Pityophthorus juglandis is a phloem-boring bark beetle responsible, in association with the ascomycete Geosmithia morbida, for the Thousand Cankers Disease (TCD) of walnut trees. The recent finding of TCD in Europe prompted the development of effective diagnostic protocols for the early detection of members of this insect/fungus complex. Here we report the development of a highly efficient, low-cost, and rapid method for detecting the beetle, or even just its biological traces, from environmental samples: the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay. The method, designed on the 28S ribosomal RNA gene, showed high specificity and sensitivity, with no cross reactivity to other bark beetles and wood-boring insects. The test was successful even with very small amounts of the target insect’s nucleic acid, with limit values of 0.64 pg/µL and 3.2 pg/µL for WTB adults and frass, respectively. A comparison of the method (both in real time and visual) with conventional PCR did not display significant differences in terms of LoD. This LAMP protocol will enable quick, low-cost, and early detection of P. juglandis in areas with new infestations and for phytosanitary inspections at vulnerable sites (e.g., seaports, airports, loading stations, storage facilities, and wood processing companies).
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Rizzo
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy; (D.R.); (G.C.)
| | - Salvatore Moricca
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; (M.B.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Matteo Bracalini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; (M.B.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Alessandra Benigno
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; (M.B.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Umberto Bernardo
- Portici Unit, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), P. le Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy; (U.B.); (F.N.)
| | - Nicola Luchi
- Florence Unit, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
| | - Daniele Da Lio
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (D.D.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Francesco Nugnes
- Portici Unit, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), P. le Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy; (U.B.); (F.N.)
| | - Giovanni Cappellini
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy; (D.R.); (G.C.)
| | - Chiara Salemi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (D.D.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Santa Olga Cacciola
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Tiziana Panzavolta
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Forestry Science and Technology (DAGRI), Plant Pathology and Entomology Section, University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy; (M.B.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
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Aguirre C, Sánchez E, Olivares N, Hinrichsen P. Multiplex TaqMan Real-Time PCR Assay for Sensitive Detection of Two Weevil Species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:90-99. [PMID: 33155656 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and cost-efficient identification of Naupactus species is becoming a key process for the exportation of citrus fruit from Chile and other countries, considering the quarantine regulations for some species of the cosmopolitan genus Naupactus. This study deals with the development of a fast and sensitive detection protocol for Naupactus cervinus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (Boheman) and Naupactus xanthographus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (Germar) based on multiplex TaqMan Real-time polymerase chain reaction. Both N. cervinus and N. xanthographus primer and probe sets achieved species-specific detection in a linear range from 1 pg/μl to 1 × 10-6 pg/μl, allowing detection of as few as 160 copies of template DNA. Non-target amplifications were not detected and a panel composed of 480 test samples had 100% coincidence with the respective morphological identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Aguirre
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Platina, Santa Rosa 11,610, Santiago, Chile
| | - Evelyn Sánchez
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Olivares
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Cruz, Chorrillos 86, La Cruz, Quillota, Chile
| | - Patricio Hinrichsen
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Platina, Santa Rosa 11,610, Santiago, Chile
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Rizzo D, Luchi N, Da Lio D, Bartolini L, Nugnes F, Cappellini G, Bruscoli T, Salemi C, Griffo RV, Garonna AP, Rossi E. Development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the identification of the invasive wood borer Aromia bungii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from frass. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:85. [PMID: 33500873 PMCID: PMC7815857 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02602-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The red-necked longhorn beetle Aromia bungii (Faldermann, 1835) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is native to east Asia, where it is a major pest of cultivated and ornamental species of the genus Prunus. Morphological or molecular discrimination of adults or larval specimens is required to identify this invasive wood borer. However, recovering larval stages of the pest from trunks and branches causes extensive damage to plants and is timewasting. An alternative approach consists in applying non-invasive molecular diagnostic tools to biological traces (i.e., fecal pellets, frass). In this way, infestations in host plants can be detected without destructive methods. This paper presents a protocol based on both real-time and visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), using DNA of A. bungii extracted from fecal particles in larval frass. Laboratory validations demonstrated the robustness of the protocols adopted and their reliability was confirmed performing an inter-lab blind panel. The LAMP assay and the qPCR SYBR Green method using the F3/B3 LAMP external primers were equally sensitive, and both were more sensitive than the conventional PCR (sensitivity > 103 to the same starting matrix). The visual LAMP protocol, due to the relatively easy performance of the method, could be a useful tool to apply in rapid monitoring of A. bungii and in the management of its outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Rizzo
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy
| | - Nicola Luchi
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Daniele Da Lio
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Linda Bartolini
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy
| | - Francesco Nugnes
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), P.le Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cappellini
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bruscoli
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole 99, 51100 Pistoia, Italy
| | - Chiara Salemi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Raffaele V. Griffo
- Plant Protection Service of Campania, Centro Direzionale, Isola A6, 80124 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio P. Garonna
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rossi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Morphologic and genetic analysis for geographic populations of greenbug Schizaphis graminum (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Egypt. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-020-00501-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Rizzo D, Taddei A, Da Lio D, Bruscoli T, Cappellini G, Bartolini L, Salemi C, Luchi N, Pennacchio F, Rossi E. Molecular Identification of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) From Frass by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:2911-2919. [PMID: 32949143 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky, 1853), native to eastern Asia, is a destructive woodborer of many ornamental species, leading to the decline and the death of the attacked trees. In outbreak areas as Europe or North America, this pest is usually identified using morphological or molecular analyses of adult or larval specimens. However, the procedures for collecting A. glabripennis specimens from infested plants are too expensive and time consuming for routine screening. A noninvasive diagnostic tool based on frass discrimination is therefore crucial for the rapid identification of A. glabripennis at different development stages in the host. This article describes a rapid diagnostic protocol based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). DNA extracted from A. glabripennis frass was amplified with both visual and real-time LAMP and compared with those of nontarget species. The results show that the method is reliable and accurate and therefore could be a promising diagnostic tool in phytosanitary surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Rizzo
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole, Pistoia, Italy
| | - Andrea Taddei
- Plant Health Laboratory ANSES, Avenue du Campus, Agropolis, Montferrier sur Lez, France
| | - Daniele Da Lio
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bruscoli
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole, Pistoia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cappellini
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole, Pistoia, Italy
| | - Linda Bartolini
- Laboratory of Phytopathological Diagnostics and Molecular Biology, Plant Protection Service of Tuscany, Via Ciliegiole, Pistoia, Italy
| | - Chiara Salemi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola Luchi
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Pennacchio
- CREA-Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, via Lanciola, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rossi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, Pisa, Italy
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Identification of the Red-Necked Longhorn Beetle Aromia bungii (Faldermann, 1835) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) with Real-Time PCR on Frass. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12156041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Aromia bungii (Faldermann, 1835) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), the red-necked longhorn beetle is native to eastern Asia, where it is an important wood-borer of fruit and ornamental species of the genus Prunus. A. bungii is a quarantine pest in the European Union, following its accidental introduction and establishment in Germany and Italy, and is currently included in the list of priority pests. To confirm its infestations in outbreak areas, adult or larval specimens are needed to perform morphological or molecular analyses. The presence of A. bungii larvae inside the attacked trees makes the collection of specimens particularly difficult. Thus, we present two diagnostic protocols based on frass analysis with real-time PCR (probe and SYBR Green). The results obtained show that a non-invasive approach for detecting the presence of this harmful invasive pest can be a reliable and accurate alternative diagnostic tool in phytosanitary surveys, as well as to outline a sustainable pest management strategy.
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