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Kakui H, Ujino-Ihara T, Hasegawa Y, Tsurisaki E, Futamura N, Iwai J, Higuchi Y, Fujino T, Suzuki Y, Kasahara M, Yamaguchi K, Shigenobu S, Otani M, Nakano M, Nameta M, Shibata S, Ueno S, Moriguchi Y. A single-nucleotide substitution of CjTKPR1 determines pollen production in the gymnosperm plant Cryptomeria japonica. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad236. [PMID: 37559748 PMCID: PMC10408704 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Pollinosis, also known as pollen allergy or hay fever, is a global problem caused by pollen produced by various plant species. The wind-pollinated Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) is the largest contributor to severe pollinosis in Japan, where increasing proportions of people have been affected in recent decades. The MALE STERILITY 4 (MS4) locus of Japanese cedar controls pollen production, and its homozygous mutants (ms4/ms4) show abnormal pollen development after the tetrad stage and produce no mature pollen. In this study, we narrowed down the MS4 locus by fine mapping in Japanese cedar and found TETRAKETIDE α-PYRONE REDUCTASE 1 (TKPR1) gene in this region. Transformation experiments using Arabidopsis thaliana showed that single-nucleotide substitution ("T" to "C" at 244-nt position) of CjTKPR1 determines pollen production. Broad conservation of TKPR1 beyond plant division could lead to the creation of pollen-free plants not only for Japanese cedar but also for broader plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kakui
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
- Institute for Sustainable Agro-ecosystem Services, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 188-0002, Japan
| | - Tokuko Ujino-Ihara
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hasegawa
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
| | - Eriko Tsurisaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Norihiro Futamura
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
| | - Junji Iwai
- Forest and Forestry Technology Division, Niigata Prefectural Forest Research Institute, Niigata 958-0264, Japan
| | - Yuumi Higuchi
- Forest and Forestry Technology Division, Niigata Prefectural Forest Research Institute, Niigata 958-0264, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fujino
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kasahara
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Katsushi Yamaguchi
- Trans-Scale Biology Center, National Institute for Basic Biology, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Shuji Shigenobu
- Trans-Scale Biology Center, National Institute for Basic Biology, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Otani
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Masaru Nakano
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nameta
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8122, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Shibata
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8122, Japan
| | - Saneyoshi Ueno
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
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Nishiguchi M, Futamura N, Endo M, Mikami M, Toki S, Katahata SI, Ohmiya Y, Konagaya KI, Nanasato Y, Taniguchi T, Maruyama TE. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated disruption of CjACOS5 confers no-pollen formation on sugi trees (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don). Sci Rep 2023; 13:11779. [PMID: 37479866 PMCID: PMC10361980 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38339-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) is an economically important coniferous tree in Japan. However, abundant sugi pollen grains are dispersed and transported by the wind each spring and cause a severe pollen allergy syndrome (Japanese cedar pollinosis). The use of pollen-free sugi that cannot produce pollen has been thought as a countermeasure to Japanese cedar pollinosis. The sugi CjACOS5 gene is an ortholog of Arabidopsis ACOS5 and rice OsACOS12, which encode an acyl-CoA synthetase that is involved in the synthesis of sporopollenin in pollen walls. To generate pollen-free sugi, we mutated CjACOS5 using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. As a result of sugi transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring the CjACOS5-targeted CRISPR/Cas9 vector, 1 bp-deleted homo biallelic mutant lines were obtained. Chimeric mutant lines harboring both mutant and wild-type CjACOS5 genes were also generated. The homo biallelic mutant lines had no-pollen in male strobili, whereas chimeric mutant lines had male strobili with or without pollen grains. Our results suggest that CjACOS5 is essential for the production of pollen in sugi and that its disruption is useful for the generation of pollen-free sugi. In addition to conventional transgenic technology, genome editing technology, including CRISPR/Cas9, can confer new traits on sugi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Nishiguchi
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan.
| | - Norihiro Futamura
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Masaki Endo
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8634, Japan
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0027, Japan
| | - Masafumi Mikami
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8634, Japan
| | - Seiichi Toki
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8634, Japan
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0027, Japan
- Department of Plant Life Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Seta Oe-cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2194, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maioka-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 244-0813, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Katahata
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ohmiya
- Extension and International Cooperation Department, Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), 3809-1 Ishi, Juo, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 319-1301, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Konagaya
- Forest Bio-Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), 3809-1 Ishi, Juo, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 319-1301, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Nanasato
- Forest Bio-Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), 3809-1 Ishi, Juo, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 319-1301, Japan
| | - Toru Taniguchi
- Forest Bio-Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), 3809-1 Ishi, Juo, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 319-1301, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Emilio Maruyama
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan
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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don). Sci Rep 2021; 11:16186. [PMID: 34376731 PMCID: PMC8355236 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95547-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptomeria japonica (Japanese cedar or sugi) is one of the most important coniferous tree species in Japan and breeding programs for this species have been launched since 1950s. Genome editing technology can be used to shorten the breeding period. In this study, we performed targeted mutagenesis using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in C. japonica. First, the CRISPR/Cas9 system was tested using green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing transgenic embryogenic tissue lines. Knock-out efficiency of GFP ranged from 3.1 to 41.4% depending on U6 promoters and target sequences. The GFP knock-out region was mottled in many lines, indicating genome editing in individual cells. However, in 101 of 102 mutated individuals (> 99%) from 6 GFP knock-out lines, embryos had a single mutation pattern. Next, we knocked out the endogenous C. japonica magnesium chelatase subunit I (CjChlI) gene using two guide RNA targets. Green, pale green, and albino phenotypes were obtained in the gene-edited cell lines. Sequence analysis revealed random deletions, insertions, and replacements in the target region. Thus, targeted mutagenesis using the CRISPR/Cas9 system can be used to modify the C. japonica genome.
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Kakui H, Tsurisaki E, Shibata R, Moriguchi Y. Factors Affecting the Number of Pollen Grains per Male Strobilus in Japanese Cedar ( Cryptomeria japonica). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:856. [PMID: 33922663 PMCID: PMC8146487 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) is the most important timber species in Japan; however, its pollen is the primary cause of pollinosis in Japan. The total number of pollen grains produced by a single tree is determined by the number of male strobili (male flowers) and the number of pollen grains per male strobilus. While the number of male strobili is a visible and well-investigated trait, little is known about the number of pollen grains per male strobilus. We hypothesized that genetic and environmental factors affect the pollen number per male strobilus and explored the factors that affect pollen production and genetic variation among clones. We counted pollen numbers of 523 male strobili from 26 clones using a cell counter method that we recently developed. Piecewise Structural Equation Modeling (pSEM) revealed that the pollen number is mostly affected by genetic variation, male strobilus weight, and pollen size. Although we collected samples from locations with different environmental conditions, statistical modeling succeeded in predicting pollen numbers for different clones sampled from branches facing different directions. Comparison of predicted pollen numbers revealed that they varied >3-fold among the 26 clones. The determination of the factors affecting pollen number and a precise evaluation of genetic variation will contribute to breeding strategies to counter pollinosis. Furthermore, the combination of our efficient counting method and statistical modeling will provide a powerful tool not only for Japanese cedar but also for other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kakui
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata City, Niigata 950-2181, Japan;
| | - Eriko Tsurisaki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata City, Niigata 950-2181, Japan; (E.T.); (R.S.)
| | - Rei Shibata
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata City, Niigata 950-2181, Japan; (E.T.); (R.S.)
| | - Yoshinari Moriguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata City, Niigata 950-2181, Japan;
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Maruyama TE, Ueno S, Hosoi Y, Miyazawa SI, Mori H, Kaneeda T, Bamba Y, Itoh Y, Hirayama S, Kawakami K, Moriguchi Y. Somatic Embryogenesis Initiation in Sugi (Japanese Cedar, Cryptomeria japonica D. Don): Responses from Male-Fertile, Male-Sterile, and Polycross-Pollinated-Derived Seed Explants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:398. [PMID: 33669646 PMCID: PMC7922571 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to obtain information from several embryogenic cell (EC) genotypes analyzing the factors that affect somatic embryogenesis (SE) initiation in sugi (Cryptomeria japonica, Cupressaceae) to apply them in the improvement of protocols for efficient induction of embryogenic cell lines (ECLs). The results of several years of experiments including studies on the influence of initial explant, seed collection time, and explant genotype as the main factors affecting SE initiation from male-fertile, male-sterile, and polycross-pollinated-derived seeds are described. Initiation frequencies depending on the plant genotype varied from 1.35 to 57.06%. The best induction efficiency was achieved when seeds were collected on mid-July using the entire megagametophyte as initial explants. The extrusion of ECs started approximately after 2 weeks of culture, and the establishment of ECLs was observed mostly 4 weeks after extrusion on media with or without plant growth regulators (PGRs). Subsequently, induced ECLs were maintained and proliferated on media with PGRs by 2-3-week-interval subculture routines. Although, the initial explant, collection time, and culture condition played important roles in ECL induction, the genotype of the plant material of sugi was the most influential factor in SE initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi E. Maruyama
- Department of Research Planning and Coordination, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato 1, Tsukuba 305-8687, Japan
| | - Saneyoshi Ueno
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato 1, Tsukuba 305-8687, Japan; (S.U.); (Y.H.); (S.-I.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Yoshihisa Hosoi
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato 1, Tsukuba 305-8687, Japan; (S.U.); (Y.H.); (S.-I.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Shin-Ichi Miyazawa
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato 1, Tsukuba 305-8687, Japan; (S.U.); (Y.H.); (S.-I.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Hideki Mori
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato 1, Tsukuba 305-8687, Japan; (S.U.); (Y.H.); (S.-I.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Takumi Kaneeda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Ikarashi 8050, Niigata 950-2181, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yukiko Bamba
- Niigata Prefectural Forest Research Institute, Unotoro 2249-5, Niigata 958-0264, Japan; (Y.B.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yukiko Itoh
- Niigata Prefectural Forest Research Institute, Unotoro 2249-5, Niigata 958-0264, Japan; (Y.B.); (Y.I.)
| | - Satoko Hirayama
- Agriculture and Forestry Promotion Department, Niigata Regional Promotion Bureau, Niigata Prefectural Government, Hodojima 2009, Niigata 956-8635, Japan;
| | | | - Yoshinari Moriguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Ikarashi 8050, Niigata 950-2181, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.M.)
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Identification and genetic diversity analysis of a male-sterile gene (MS1) in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don). Sci Rep 2021; 11:1496. [PMID: 33452328 PMCID: PMC7810747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80688-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying causative genes for a target trait in conifer reproduction is challenging for species lacking whole-genome sequences. In this study, we searched for the male-sterility gene (MS1) in Cryptomeria japonica, aiming to promote marker-assisted selection (MAS) of male-sterile C. japonica to reduce the pollinosis caused by pollen dispersal from artificial C. japonica forests in Japan. We searched for mRNA sequences expressed in male strobili and found the gene CJt020762, coding for a lipid transfer protein containing a 4-bp deletion specific to male-sterile individuals. We also found a 30-bp deletion by sequencing the entire gene of another individual with the ms1. All nine breeding materials with the allele ms1 had either a 4-bp or 30-bp deletion in gene CJt020762, both of which are expected to result in faulty gene transcription and function. Furthermore, the 30-bp deletion was detected from three of five individuals in the Ishinomaki natural forest. From our findings, CJt020762 was considered to be the causative gene of MS1. Thus, by performing MAS using two deletion mutations as a DNA marker, it will be possible to find novel breeding materials of C. japonica with the allele ms1 adapted to the unique environment of each region of the Japanese archipelago.
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Izuno A, Maruyama TE, Ueno S, Ujino-Ihara T, Moriguchi Y. Genotype and transcriptome effects on somatic embryogenesis in Cryptomeria japonica. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244634. [PMID: 33373415 PMCID: PMC7771663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis (SE), which is in vitro regeneration of plant bodies from somatic cells, represents a useful means of clonal propagation and genetic engineering of forest trees. While protocols to obtain calluses and induce regeneration in somatic embryos have been reported for many tree species, the knowledge of molecular mechanisms of SE development is still insufficient to achieve an efficient supply of somatic embryos required for the industrial application. Cryptomeria japonica, a conifer species widely used for plantation forestry in Japan, is one of the tree species waiting for a secure SE protocol; the probability of normal embryo development appears to depend on genotype. To discriminate the embryogenic potential of embryonal masses (EMs) and efficiently obtain normal somatic embryos of C. japonica, we investigated the effects of genotype and transcriptome on the variation in embryogenic potential. Using an induction experiment with 12 EMs each from six genotypes, we showed that embryogenic potential differs between/within genotypes. Comparisons of gene expression profiles among EMs with different embryogenic potentials revealed that 742 differently expressed genes were mainly associated with pattern forming and metabolism. Thus, we suggest that not only genotype but also gene expression profiles can determine success in SE development. Consistent with previous findings for other conifer species, genes encoding leafy cotyledon, wuschel, germin-like proteins, and glutathione-S-transferases are likely to be involved in SE development in C. japonica and indeed highly expressed in EMs with high-embryogenic potential; therefore, these proteins represent candidate markers for distinguishing embryogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Izuno
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Tsuyoshi E. Maruyama
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Saneyoshi Ueno
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tokuko Ujino-Ihara
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Moriguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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Hasegawa Y, Ueno S, Wei FJ, Matsumoto A, Ujino-Ihara T, Uchiyama K, Moriguchi Y, Kasahara M, Fujino T, Shigenobu S, Yamaguchi K, Bino T, Hakamata T. Development of diagnostic PCR and LAMP markers for MALE STERILITY 1 (MS1) in Cryptomeria japonica D. Don. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:457. [PMID: 32993771 PMCID: PMC7526249 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05296-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Due to the allergic nature of the pollen of Cryptomeria japonica, the most important Japanese forestry conifer, a pollen-free cultivar is preferred. Mutant trees detected in nature have been used to produce a pollen-free cultivar. In order to reduce the time and cost needed for production and breeding, we aimed to develop simple diagnostic molecular markers for mutant alleles of the causative gene MALE STERILITY 1 (MS1) in C. japonica to rapidly identify pollen-free mutants. RESULTS We developed PCR and LAMP markers to detect mutant alleles and to present experimental options depending on available laboratory equipment. LAMP markers were developed for field stations, where PCR machines are unavailable. The LAMP method only needs heat-blocks or a water bath to perform the isothermal amplification and assay results can be read by the naked eye. Because the causative mutations were deletions, we developed two kinds of PCR markers, amplified length polymorphism (ALP) and allele specific PCR (ASP) markers. These assays can be visualized using capillary or agarose gel electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Hasegawa
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Saneyoshi Ueno
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Fu-Jin Wei
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Asako Matsumoto
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tokuko Ujino-Ihara
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kentaro Uchiyama
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Moriguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kasahara
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fujino
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | - Takahiro Bino
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Hakamata
- Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
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9
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Maruyama TE, Ueno S, Hirayama S, Kaneeda T, Moriguchi Y. Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Sugi (Japanese Cedar, Cryptomeria japonica D. Don, Cupressaceae) Seed Families by Marker Assisted Selection for the Male Sterility Allele ms1. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1029. [PMID: 32823795 PMCID: PMC7465961 DOI: 10.3390/plants9081029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
One of the possible countermeasures for pollinosis caused by sugi (Cryptomeria japonica), a serious public health problem in Japan, is the use of male sterile plants (MSPs; pollen-free plants). However, the production efficiencies of MSPs raised by conventional methods are extremely poor, time consuming, and resulting in a high seedling cost. Here, we report the development of a novel technique for efficient production of MSPs, which combines marker-assisted selection (MAS) and somatic embryogenesis (SE). SE from four full sib seed families of sugi, carrying the male sterility gene MS1, was initiated using megagametophyte explants that originated from four seed collections taken at one-week intervals during the month of July 2017. Embryogenic cell lines (ECLs) were achieved in all families, with initiation rates varying from 0.6% to 59%. Somatic embryos were produced from genetic marker-selected male sterile ECLs on medium containing maltose, abscisic acid (ABA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and activated charcoal (AC). Subsequently, high frequencies of germination and plant conversion (≥76%) were obtained on plant growth regulator-free medium. Regenerated plantlets were acclimatized successfully, and the initial growth of male sterile somatic plants was monitored in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi E. Maruyama
- Department of Research Planning and Coordination, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato 1, Tsukuba 305-8687, Japan
| | - Saneyoshi Ueno
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato 1, Tsukuba 305-8687, Japan;
| | - Satoko Hirayama
- Niigata Prefecture Niigata Regional Promotion Bureau, Hodojima 2009, Niigata 956-8635, Japan;
| | - Takumi Kaneeda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Ikarashi 8050, Niigata 950-2181, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yoshinari Moriguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Ikarashi 8050, Niigata 950-2181, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.M.)
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10
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Marker-Assisted Selection of Trees with MALE STERILITY 1 in Cryptomeria japonica D. Don. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11070734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The practical use of marker-assisted selection (MAS) is limited in conifers because of the difficulty with developing markers due to a rapid decrease in linkage disequilibrium, the limited genomic information available, and the diverse genetic backgrounds among the breeding material collections. First, in this study, two families were produced by artificial crossing between two male-sterile trees, ‘Shindai11’ and ‘Shindai12’, and a plus tree, ‘Suzu-2’ (Ms1/ms1) (S11-S and S12-S families, respectively). The segregation ratio between the male-sterile and male-fertile trees did not deviate significantly from the expected 1:1 ratio in either family. These results clearly suggested that the male-sterile gene of ‘Shindai11’ and ‘Shindai12’ is MALE STERILITY 1 (MS1). Since it is difficult to understand the relative positions of each marker, due to the lack of a linkage map which all the closely linked markers previously reported are mapped on, we constructed a partial linkage map of the region encompassing MS1 using the S11-S and S12-S families. For the S11-S and S12-S families, 19 and 18 markers were mapped onto the partial linkage maps of the MS1 region, respectively. There was collinearity (conserved gene order) between the two partial linkage maps. Two markers (CJt020762_ms1-1 and reCj19250_2335) were mapped to the same position as the MS1 locus on both maps. Of these markers, we used CJt020762 for the MAS in this study. According to the MAS results for 650 trees from six prefectures of Japan (603 trees from breeding materials and 47 trees from the Ishinomaki natural population), five trees in Niigata Prefecture and one tree in Yamagata Prefecture had heterozygous ms1-1, and three trees in Miyagi Prefecture had heterozygous ms1-2. The results obtained in this study suggested that ms1-1 and ms1-2 have different geographical distributions. Since MAS can be used effectively to reduce the labor and time required for selection of trees with a male-sterile gene, the research should help ensure that the quantity of breeding materials will increase to assist future tree-breeding efforts.
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Guo Y, Li X, Huang F, Pang X, Li Y. Megasporogenesis, microsporogenesis, and female and male gametophyte development in Ziziphus jujuba Mill. PROTOPLASMA 2019; 256:1519-1530. [PMID: 31183549 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-019-01395-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is an important fruit tree species in China. In this study, we studied the megasporogenesis, microsporogenesis, and female and male gametophyte development of two major jujube cultivars, "Dongzao" and "Mayazao," using the squash technique, improved paraffin section technology, and optical microscopy. Our investigation revealed that both "Dongzao" and "Mayazao" have bilocular ovaries, basal placenta, and anatropous, bitegmic, crassinucellate ovules. The tetrads formed by meiosis of megaspore mother cells are arranged in a straight line or a tetrahedron. Embryo sac development is of the Polygonum type. The flower buds contain five anthers, each having four pollen sacs. The anther wall, which is of the fundamental form, is composed of epidermis, endothecium, one or two middle layers, and glandular tapetum. Mature pollen grains are two-celled and three-colporate. Both "Dongzao" and "Mayazao" can form normal mature pollen grains. Our study, which has revealed the basic phenomena and progression of megasporogenesis, microsporogenesis, and female and male gametophyte development in jujube, has generated important data for further research on jujube cytology and reproductive biology. Finally, our explorations of the cytological mechanism of male sterility in "Dongzao" also have provided a cytological basis for crossbreeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Feiyi Huang
- Chongqing Academy of Forestry Science, Chongqing, 404100, China
| | - Xiaoming Pang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yingyue Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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