1
|
Robles G, Lee JJ, Reynolds A, Rodríguez-Díaz CE, Rendina HJ. Reactions to Testing HIV Negative: An Assessment of Measurement Invariance and Associations with Condomless Anal Sex among English and Spanish-speaking Latinx Sexual Minority Men in the United States. AIDS Behav 2023; 27:3661-3668. [PMID: 37195473 PMCID: PMC10777537 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04081-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Among the many effective prevention strategies, frequent HIV testing continues to be promoted to reduce the risk of HIV transmission among sexual minority men (SMM). Testing negative for HIV can result in varied reactions that influence subsequent HIV transmission behaviors, yet the extant research has primarily been conducted in English. The current study examined measurement invariance of a Spanish-translated Inventory of Reactions to Testing HIV Negative (IRTHN). The study also examined whether the IRTHN was associated with subsequent condomless anal sex. Data were drawn from 2,170 Latinx SMM subsample of the UNITE Cohort Study. We conducted a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis to test for measurement invariance between participants who opted to take the survey in English (n = 2,024) and those who opted to take it in Spanish (n = 128). We also examined if the IRTHN is associated with subsequent CAS. The results were suggestive of partial invariance. The subscales of Luck and Invulernability were associated with CAS at the 12-month follow-up. Practice and research-based implications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Robles
- School of Social Work, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Jane J Lee
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Addam Reynolds
- School of Social Work, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carlos E Rodríguez-Díaz
- The George Washington University-Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA
| | - H Jonathon Rendina
- The George Washington University-Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA
- Whitman-Walker Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Auguste A, Gaete S, Michineau L, Herrmann-Storck C, Joachim C, Duflo S, Deloumeaux J, Luce D. Association between sexual behaviour and head and neck cancer in the French West Indies: a case-control study based on an Afro-Caribbean population. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:407. [PMID: 37147593 PMCID: PMC10163737 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10870-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, a significant proportion of head and neck cancers is attributed to the Human papillomavirus (HPV). It is imperative that we acquire a solid understanding of the natural history of this virus in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) development. Our objective was to investigate the role of sexual behaviour in the occurrence of HNSCC in the French West Indies. Additionally, we evaluated the association of high risk of HPV (Hr-HPV) with sexual behaviour in risk of cancer. METHODS We conducted a population-based case-control study (145 cases and 405 controls). We used logistic regression models to estimate adjusted odds-ratios (OR), and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Compared to persons who never practiced oral sex, those who practiced at least occasionally had a lower HNSCC risk. First sexual intercourse after the age of 18 year was associated with a 50% reduction of HNSCC risk, compared to those who began before 15 years. HNSCC risk was significantly reduced by 60% among persons who used condoms at least occasionally. The associations for ever condom use and oral sex were accentuated following the adjustment for high-risk HPV (Hr-HPV). Oral Hr-HPV was associated with several sexual behaviour variables among HNSCC cases. However, none of these variables were significantly associated with oral HPV infections in the population controls. CONCLUSION First intercourse after 18 years, short time interval since last intercourse and ever condom use were inversely associated with HNSCC independently of oral Hr-HPV infection. Sources of transmission other than sexual contact and the interaction between HPV and HIV could also play a role in HNSCC etiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aviane Auguste
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) -UMR_S 1085, Pointe-à-Pitre, F-97100, France
| | - Stanie Gaete
- Biological Resources Center Karubiotec™ BRIF n° KARUBIOTEC-GUA00971, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe
| | - Léah Michineau
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) -UMR_S 1085, Pointe-à-Pitre, F-97100, France
| | - Cécile Herrmann-Storck
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe
| | - Clarisse Joachim
- Registre des cancers, Martinique Cancer Registry, UF 1441 Pôle de Cancérologie Hématologie Urologie Pathologie, University Hospital of Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique, France
| | - Suzy Duflo
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Jacqueline Deloumeaux
- Biological Resources Center Karubiotec™ BRIF n° KARUBIOTEC-GUA00971, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe
- General Cancer Registry of Guadeloupe, University Hospital of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Danièle Luce
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) -UMR_S 1085, Pointe-à-Pitre, F-97100, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chan CP, Kwan TH, Wong NS, Poon CM, Lee SS. Temporal Changes in Sexually Transmitted Infections in a Cohort of Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV: Sex Partner Seeking and Behavioral Correlates. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2023:10.1007/s10508-023-02598-3. [PMID: 37099189 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
With "undetectable equals untransmittable," continued engagement in condomless sex has prolonged STI risk in people living with HIV. This study examined the pattern and relationship between STI diagnosis and sex partner-seeking practice over time in a cohort of men who have sex with men (MSM) attending the HIV specialist clinic in Hong Kong. Participants' STI diagnosis record since HIV diagnosis was retrieved and their frequency of seeking sex partners (A) before, (B) after HIV diagnosis, and (C) following extended period (5-10 years), through eight different settings, was assessed in two rounds of survey, along with their risk behavioral profile. Multivariable regression models were employed to study the factors associated with STI diagnosis and partner-seeking frequency, while their temporal relationships over the three time points (A-C) were examined using cross-lagged panel model. Of 345 subjects recruited, STI incidence dropped from 252 to 187 cases/1000 person-years during 2015-2019. Totally 139/212 MSM (66%) had ≥ 1 episode of STI within the 10-year period after HIV diagnosis, giving an 11-20% annual prevalence. The reduced frequency of seeking sex partner was well preserved following diagnosis with a rebound specifically noted in the use of mobile application, the patrons of which were more likely to be co-infected with STI in 2019. Chemsex, concurrent partnership, and casual sex were risk factors shared between frequent partner-seeking practice and STI diagnosis. A robust autoregressive effect for partner-seeking frequency was also identified, and which significantly predicted STI risk in the long term. To enhance HIV care, the co-administration of STI/behavioral surveillance should be emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chin Pok Chan
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Tsz Ho Kwan
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Ngai Sze Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Chin Man Poon
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Shui Shan Lee
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chan DPC, Wong BCK, Wong KH, Poon CM, Chan CP, Cheung DKF, Wong NS, Lee SS. Clustered HCV transmission in HIV-positive MSM and the impacts of interventions for achieving microelimination. J Infect 2023; 86:493-496. [PMID: 36822408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2023.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Denise Pui Chung Chan
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bonnie Chun Kwan Wong
- Special Preventive Programme, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Hing Wong
- Special Preventive Programme, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chin Man Poon
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chin Pok Chan
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Danny King Fai Cheung
- Special Preventive Programme, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ngai Sze Wong
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Shui Shan Lee
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging InfectiousDiseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kwan TH, Wong BCK, Wong KH, Lee SS. Hepatitis C Co-infection in People Living With HIV—Epidemiologic Differences Between Men Who Have Sex With Men MSM and Non-MSM. Front Public Health 2022; 10:925600. [PMID: 35719672 PMCID: PMC9204175 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.925600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) constitute a unique group at higher risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection. In light of the diverse profiles of PLHIV, we differentiated between men who have sex with men (MSM) and non-MSM in the characterization of the epidemiologic features of HIV/HCV co-infection. Clinical data of HCV co-infection patients from the HIV specialist clinic in Hong Kong were retrospectively collected in conjunction with their HIV subtypes and HCV genotypes. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with HIV/HCV co-infection in MSM. Survival analysis was performed to compare the time lag between HIV and HCV diagnoses between two groups. Latent class analysis was conducted to describe the features of different classes of co-infections. Four classes of HIV/HCV co-infections were identified: local MSM acquiring HCV after HIV diagnosis, local MSM with HIV/HCV co-diagnoses, local non-MSM, and non-local non-MSM. Accounting for over half of the co-infections, MSM were more likely to be younger, local residents, and associated with HCV genotype 3, compared to genotypes 1 and 6 in non-MSM. Overall, MSM had higher odds of achieving HIV viral suppression and co-diagnosing with a sexually transmitted infection at HCV diagnosis, and having a longer time lag between HIV and HCV diagnoses. Drug injection accounted for a majority of non-MSM HCV infection. There were distinctive epidemiologic differences between MSM and non-MSM co-infected with HIV and HCV, the characteristics of which could inform intervention strategies for achieving HCV micro-elimination.
Collapse
|
6
|
Awareness of HIV functional cure and willingness in participating in related clinical trials: comparison between antiretroviral naïve and experienced men who have sex with men living with HIV. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:383. [PMID: 35428275 PMCID: PMC9013029 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07346-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) functional cure is a novel biomedical strategy characterized by sustained viral suppression without the need for life-long medications. The attitude of people living with HIV (PLHIV) towards functional cure and clinical trials are understudied. We aimed to examine the awareness and levels of anticipation for HIV functional cure among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV, and their willingness to join trials as differentiated by their antiretroviral treatment status.
Methods
MSM living with HIV with and those without treatment history were recruited from Hong Kong’s HIV specialist clinics. Self-administered questionnaires covering behavioral profile, perceived impact of HIV cure, attitude towards HIV functional cure and related clinical trials were collected. Clinical data were separately transcribed. Determinants of perceptions and attitudes were identified by logistic regression models.
Results
Of 356 MSM living with HIV recruited, less than half (42%) were aware of HIV functional cure, but they had a high level of anticipation for it. Treatment-experienced participants were more likely to be aware of HIV functional cure. Awareness was associated with continued engagement in sexual activities after HIV diagnosis and sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnosis. Higher anticipation was observed among older MSM living with HIV but it was negatively associated with one’s awareness. Over 90% were willing to join functional cure trials, especially those who had previously been diagnosed with STI and had engaged in chemsex in the past year. Advice from healthcare professional was an important factor considered by those willing to join clinical trials. Younger, better educated MSM, and those with lower CD4 counts were more concerned about potential risk of AIDS and potential complications upon trial participation.
Conclusions
MSM living with HIV, especially those sexually active, showed positive attitude towards functional cure and willingness to join related clinical trials despite low awareness. To enhance preparedness for HIV functional cure trials, community education, updated information and appropriate medical advice would be needed. Safety is a major concern for potential enrollees in HIV functional cure trials.
Collapse
|
7
|
Nguyen TV, Tran HP, Khuu NV, Nguyen PD, Le TN, Hoang CD, Tran T, Le TQ, Pham QD, Phan LT. Increases in both HIV and syphilis among men who have sex with men in Vietnam: Urgent need for comprehensive responses. Int J STD AIDS 2021; 32:1298-1307. [PMID: 34392717 DOI: 10.1177/09564624211036421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the temporal trends and factors associated with HIV and syphilis infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) in southern Vietnam. Data from the 2014-2018 national HIV sentinel surveillance of MSM aged 16 years or older were collected from three provinces, including An Giang (N = 761), Can Tho (N = 900), and Ho Chi Minh City (N = 1426), and examined for changes in prevalence rates of HIV and syphilis and risk behaviors over time. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the trends and correlates of HIV and syphilis infections among MSM. There were upward trends for HIV (9.5% in 2014 to 14.2% in 2018, p-trend<0.01), syphilis (4.9% in 2014 to 8.0% 2018, p-trend<0.01), and HIV/syphilis co-infection (1.9% in 2014 to 3.1% in 2018, p-trend=0.01). Factors associated with HIV infection included place of residence, early sexual debut, consistent condom use and not engaging in anal sex during the past month, not knowing one's HIV test results, having ever injected drugs, and having active syphilis. Additionally, early sexual debut and being HIV positive were associated with syphilis infection. Rising prevalences of these infections among MSM suggests an urgent need for comprehensive intervention packages for HIV/STI prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thuong V Nguyen
- Pasteur Institute in Hochiminh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hau P Tran
- Pasteur Institute in Hochiminh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nghia V Khuu
- Pasteur Institute in Hochiminh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuc D Nguyen
- Pasteur Institute in Hochiminh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tu N Le
- Pasteur Institute in Hochiminh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Canh D Hoang
- Vietnam Authority for HIV/AIDS Control, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ton Tran
- Pasteur Institute in Hochiminh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thu Q Le
- Pasteur Institute in Hochiminh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Quang D Pham
- Pasteur Institute in Hochiminh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Lan T Phan
- Pasteur Institute in Hochiminh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Choi KWY, Choi EPH, Chow EPF, Wan EYF, Wong WCW, Wong JYH, Fong DYT. The Experience of Using Dating Applications for Sexual Hook-Ups: A Qualitative Exploration among HIV-Negative Men Who Have Sex With Men in Hong Kong. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2021; 58:785-794. [PMID: 33656408 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2021.1886227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Men who have sex with men (MSM) use dating applications (apps) to explore various romantic and sexual relationships. This qualitative study aimed to describe HIV-negative MSM's experiences with app usage, the sexual activities arranged accordingly and their experiences in using dating apps to arrange sexual encounters. Thirty-one MSM who were sexually active and who used dating apps were recruited. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted. Qualitative data were thematically analyzed to outline significant phenomena and perceptions. The factors associated with matching on apps included sex roles, human immunodeficiency virus serostatus and availability of a venue for meetup. Facilitated by these apps, diverse types of sexual encounters were arranged. Condoms were typically used for safer intercourse, except by people who were younger and inexperienced or when drugs were consumed before or during sex (chemsex). Extensive interest in non-penetrative sexual behaviors was expressed by our sample. Searching for post-exposure prophylaxis methods and/or sexual health screenings was common after exposure to risk of infections. Sexually abusive encounters were followed by changes in sex-searching habits and lowered trust in relationship formation. The results of this study are important for the development of appropriate interventions to promote safer sexual practices among HIV-negative MSM dating app users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kitty W Y Choi
- School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong
- Sticky Rice Love
| | | | - Eric P F Chow
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health
- Central Clinical School, Monash University
| | - Eric Y F Wan
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, University of Hong Kong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong
| | - William C W Wong
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, University of Hong Kong
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
de Sousa AFL, de Oliveira LB, Queiroz AAFLN, de Carvalho HEF, Schneider G, Camargo ELS, de Araújo TME, Brignol S, Mendes IAC, Fronteira I, McFarland W. Casual Sex among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) during the Period of Sheltering in Place to Prevent the Spread of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063266. [PMID: 33809916 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph180632676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the extent to which Brazilian and Portuguese Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) had casual sex partners outside their homes during the period of sheltering in place for the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS An online survey was conducted in Brazil and Portugal in April, during the period of social isolation for COVID-19, with a sample of 2361 MSMs. Recruitment was done through meeting apps and Facebook. RESULTS Most of the sample (53.0%) had casual sex partners during sheltering. Factors that increased the odds of engaging in casual sex in Brazil were having group sex (aOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.4), living in an urban area (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.2), feeling that sheltering had a high impact on daily life (aOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.1-8.3), having casual instead of steady partners (aOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.8-3.5), and not decreasing the number of partners (aOR 6.5, 95% CI 4.2-10.0). In Portugal, the odds of engaging in casual sex increased with using Facebook to find partners (aOR 4.6, 95% CI 3.0-7.2), not decreasing the number of partners (aOR 3.8, 95% CI 2.9-5.9), usually finding partners in physical venues (pre-COVID-19) (aOR 5.4, 95% CI 3.2-8.9), feeling that the isolation had a high impact on daily life (aOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.3-6.7), and HIV-positive serostatus (aOR 11.7, 95% CI 4.7-29.2). Taking PrEP/Truvada to prevent COVID-19 was reported by 12.7% of MSM. CONCLUSIONS The pandemic has not stopped most of our MSM sample from finding sexual partners, with high-risk sexual behaviors continuing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Layze Braz de Oliveira
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil
| | | | - Herica Emilia Félix de Carvalho
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Schneider
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil
| | - Emerson Lucas Silva Camargo
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Brignol
- Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24220-900, Brazil
| | - Isabel Amélia Costa Mendes
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil
| | - Inês Fronteira
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Willi McFarland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Sousa AFL, de Oliveira LB, Queiroz AAFLN, de Carvalho HEF, Schneider G, Camargo ELS, de Araújo TME, Brignol S, Mendes IAC, Fronteira I, McFarland W. Casual Sex among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) during the Period of Sheltering in Place to Prevent the Spread of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3266. [PMID: 33809916 PMCID: PMC8004123 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the extent to which Brazilian and Portuguese Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) had casual sex partners outside their homes during the period of sheltering in place for the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS An online survey was conducted in Brazil and Portugal in April, during the period of social isolation for COVID-19, with a sample of 2361 MSMs. Recruitment was done through meeting apps and Facebook. RESULTS Most of the sample (53.0%) had casual sex partners during sheltering. Factors that increased the odds of engaging in casual sex in Brazil were having group sex (aOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.4), living in an urban area (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.2), feeling that sheltering had a high impact on daily life (aOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.1-8.3), having casual instead of steady partners (aOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.8-3.5), and not decreasing the number of partners (aOR 6.5, 95% CI 4.2-10.0). In Portugal, the odds of engaging in casual sex increased with using Facebook to find partners (aOR 4.6, 95% CI 3.0-7.2), not decreasing the number of partners (aOR 3.8, 95% CI 2.9-5.9), usually finding partners in physical venues (pre-COVID-19) (aOR 5.4, 95% CI 3.2-8.9), feeling that the isolation had a high impact on daily life (aOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.3-6.7), and HIV-positive serostatus (aOR 11.7, 95% CI 4.7-29.2). Taking PrEP/Truvada to prevent COVID-19 was reported by 12.7% of MSM. CONCLUSIONS The pandemic has not stopped most of our MSM sample from finding sexual partners, with high-risk sexual behaviors continuing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (L.B.d.O.); (A.A.F.L.N.Q.); (H.E.F.d.C.); (G.S.); (E.L.S.C.); (I.A.C.M.)
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Layze Braz de Oliveira
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (L.B.d.O.); (A.A.F.L.N.Q.); (H.E.F.d.C.); (G.S.); (E.L.S.C.); (I.A.C.M.)
| | - Artur Acelino Francisco Luz Nunes Queiroz
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (L.B.d.O.); (A.A.F.L.N.Q.); (H.E.F.d.C.); (G.S.); (E.L.S.C.); (I.A.C.M.)
| | - Herica Emilia Félix de Carvalho
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (L.B.d.O.); (A.A.F.L.N.Q.); (H.E.F.d.C.); (G.S.); (E.L.S.C.); (I.A.C.M.)
| | - Guilherme Schneider
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (L.B.d.O.); (A.A.F.L.N.Q.); (H.E.F.d.C.); (G.S.); (E.L.S.C.); (I.A.C.M.)
| | - Emerson Lucas Silva Camargo
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (L.B.d.O.); (A.A.F.L.N.Q.); (H.E.F.d.C.); (G.S.); (E.L.S.C.); (I.A.C.M.)
| | | | - Sandra Brignol
- Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24220-900, Brazil;
| | - Isabel Amélia Costa Mendes
- Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (L.B.d.O.); (A.A.F.L.N.Q.); (H.E.F.d.C.); (G.S.); (E.L.S.C.); (I.A.C.M.)
| | - Inês Fronteira
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Willi McFarland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vrancken B, Zhao B, Li X, Han X, Liu H, Zhao J, Zhong P, Lin Y, Zai J, Liu M, Smith DM, Dellicour S, Chaillon A. Comparative Circulation Dynamics of the Five Main HIV Types in China. J Virol 2020; 94:e00683-20. [PMID: 32938762 PMCID: PMC7654276 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00683-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The HIV epidemic in China accounts for 3% of the global HIV incidence. We compared the patterns and determinants of interprovincial spread of the five most prevalent circulating types. HIV pol sequences sampled across China were used to identify relevant transmission networks of the five most relevant HIV-1 types (B and circulating recombinant forms [CRFs] CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC, CRF08_BC, and CRF55_01B) in China. From these, the dispersal history across provinces was inferred. A generalized linear model (GLM) was used to test the association between migration rates among provinces and several measures of human mobility. A total of 10,707 sequences were collected between 2004 and 2017 across 26 provinces, among which 1,962 are newly reported here. A mean of 18 (minimum and maximum, 1 and 54) independent transmission networks involving up to 17 provinces were identified. Discrete phylogeographic analysis largely recapitulates the documented spread of the HIV types, which in turn, mirrors within-China population migration flows to a large extent. In line with the different spatiotemporal spread dynamics, the identified drivers thereof were also heterogeneous but are consistent with a central role of human mobility. The comparative analysis of the dispersal dynamics of the five main HIV types circulating in China suggests a key role of large population centers and developed transportation infrastructures as hubs of HIV dispersal. This advocates for coordinated public health efforts in addition to local targeted interventions.IMPORTANCE While traditional epidemiological studies are of great interest in describing the dynamics of epidemics, they struggle to fully capture the geospatial dynamics and factors driving the dispersal of pathogens like HIV as they have difficulties capturing linkages between infections. To overcome this, we used a discrete phylogeographic approach coupled to a generalized linear model extension to characterize the dynamics and drivers of the across-province spread of the five main HIV types circulating in China. Our results indicate that large urbanized areas with dense populations and developed transportation infrastructures are facilitators of HIV dispersal throughout China and highlight the need to consider harmonized country-wide public policies to control local HIV epidemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bram Vrancken
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory for Computational and Evolutionary Virology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bin Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xingguang Li
- Department of Hospital Office, The First People's Hospital of Fangchenggang, Fangchenggang, China
| | - Xiaoxu Han
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haizhou Liu
- Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of AIDS and STD, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Shanghai Municipal Institutes for Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Zai
- Immunology innovation Team, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang China
| | - Mingchen Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Davey M Smith
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, California, USA
| | - Simon Dellicour
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory for Computational and Evolutionary Virology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Spatial Epidemiology Lab (SpELL), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Antoine Chaillon
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Veronese V, Ryan KE, Hughes C, Lim MS, Pedrana A, Stoové M. Using Digital Communication Technology to Increase HIV Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e14230. [PMID: 32720902 PMCID: PMC7420634 DOI: 10.2196/14230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV continues to disproportionately affect men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW). Undiagnosed HIV is a major driver of HIV transmission rates, and increasing the uptake of regular HIV testing and facilitating timely initiation of HIV treatment is a global HIV prevention priority. However, MSM and TW experience a range of barriers that limit their access to testing and other prevention services. Given their growing ubiquity, digital communication technologies are increasingly being used to support HIV prevention efforts, and a growing number of studies have trialed the use of digital technology to promote HIV testing among MSM and TW. OBJECTIVE We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the impact of digital communication technology on HIV testing uptake among MSM and TW. Subanalyses aimed to identify the features and characteristics of digital interventions associated with greater impact. METHODS A systematic literature review was undertaken using select databases and conference repositories. Studies describing the use of a digital technology-internet-enabled devices, including phones, tablets, and computers-to increase HIV testing uptake among MSM or TW using either randomized or observational cohort design with measurement of HIV testing rates measured pre- and postintervention, and published in English between 2010 and 2018 were included. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using a random effects meta-analysis. Subanalyses calculated effect estimates grouped by selected features of digital interventions. RESULTS A total of 13 randomized or observational studies were included in the final review. Digital interventions most commonly used mainstream, existing social media platforms (n=7) or promotion through online peer educators (n=5). Most interventions (n=8) were categorized as interactive and allowed user engagement and most directly facilitated testing (n=7) either by providing self-testing kits or referral to testing services. A total of 1930 participants were included across the 13 studies. HIV testing uptake among MSM and TW exposed to digital interventions was 1.5 times higher than that of unexposed MSM and TW (risk ratio [RR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.3-1.7). Subanalyses suggested an increased impact on HIV testing uptake among interventions that were delivered through mainstream social media-based platforms (RR 1.7; 95% CI 1.3-2.1), included direct facilitation of HIV testing (RR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4-1.9), were interactive (RR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4-1.8), and involved end users in the design process (RR 1.6; 95% CI 1.3-2.0). CONCLUSIONS These findings provide broad support for the integration of technology with existing approaches to promote and facilitate HIV testing among MSM and TW. Our findings identified key features that may be associated with greater impact on HIV testing uptake and can be used to inform future development efforts given the growing interest and application of digital technologies in HIV prevention. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42017070055; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42017070055.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Veronese
- Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Chad Hughes
- Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Megan Sc Lim
- Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alisa Pedrana
- Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark Stoové
- Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|