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Berman JD, Abadi AM, Bell JE. Existing Challenges and Opportunities for Advancing Drought and Health Research. Curr Environ Health Rep 2024; 11:255-265. [PMID: 38568401 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-024-00440-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Drought is one of the most far-reaching natural disasters, yet drought and health research is sparse. This may be attributed to the challenge of quantifying drought exposure, something complicated by multiple drought indices without any designed for health research. The purpose of this general review is to evaluate current drought and health literature and highlight challenges or scientific considerations when performing drought exposure and health assessments. RECENT FINDINGS The literature revealed a small, but growing, number of drought and health studies primarily emphasizing Australian, western European, and US populations. The selection of drought indices and definitions of drought are inconsistent. Rural and agricultural populations have been identified as vulnerable cohorts, particularly for mental health outcomes. Using relevant examples, we discuss the importance of characterizing drought and explore why health outcomes, populations of interest, and compound environmental hazards are crucial considerations for drought and health assessments. As climate and health research is prioritized, we propose guidance for investigators performing drought-focused analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse D Berman
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Mayo Mail Code #807, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Azar M Abadi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Jesse E Bell
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural, and Occupational Health, Medical Center College of Public Health, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, USA
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
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2
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Waidner LA, Potdukhe TV. Tools to Enumerate and Predict Distribution Patterns of Environmental Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2502. [PMID: 37894160 PMCID: PMC10609196 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus (Vv) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) are water- and foodborne bacteria that can cause several distinct human diseases, collectively called vibriosis. The success of oyster aquaculture is negatively impacted by high Vibrio abundances. Myriad environmental factors affect the distribution of pathogenic Vibrio, including temperature, salinity, eutrophication, extreme weather events, and plankton loads, including harmful algal blooms. In this paper, we synthesize the current understanding of ecological drivers of Vv and Vp and provide a summary of various tools used to enumerate Vv and Vp in a variety of environments and environmental samples. We also highlight the limitations and benefits of each of the measurement tools and propose example alternative tools for more specific enumeration of pathogenic Vv and Vp. Improvement of molecular methods can tighten better predictive models that are potentially important for mitigation in more controlled environments such as aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. Waidner
- Hal Marcus College of Science and Engineering, University of West Florida, 11000 University Pkwy, Building 58, Room 108, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA
| | - Trupti V. Potdukhe
- GEMS Program, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, 1853 W. Polk St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
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3
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Neetoo H, Reega K, Manoga ZS, Nazurally N, Bhoyroo V, Allam M, Jaufeerally-Fakim Y, Ghoorah AW, Jaumdally W, Hossen AM, Mayghun F, Ismail A, Hosenally M. Prevalence, Genomic Characterization, and Risk Assessment of Human Pathogenic Vibrio Species in Seafood. J Food Prot 2022; 85:1553-1565. [PMID: 35880931 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pathogenic Vibrio species are largely responsible for human diseases associated with consumption of contaminated seafood. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, population densities, species diversity, and molecular characteristics of pathogenic Vibrio in various seafood commodities and the health risks associated with consumption of these contaminated commodities. Samples of finfish and shellfish (oysters and sea urchins) were collected from various regions and analyzed for Vibrio with the most-probable-number (MPN) technique. Genomic DNA of putative Vibrio isolates was analyzed by whole genome sequencing for taxonomic identification and identification of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. The risk of Vibrio-related illnesses due to the consumption of contaminated seafood was assessed with Risk Ranger. Populations of presumptive Vibrio were 2.6 to 4.4 log MPN/g and correlated with season; Vibrio levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the summer. Fifteen Vibrio isolates were identified as Vibrio alginolyticus (five isolates), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (six isolates), Vibrio harveyi (two isolates), and Vibrio diabolicus (two isolates). Two of the six V. parahaemolyticus isolates (ST 2504 and ST 2505) from oysters harbored either the tdh gene for thermostable direct hemolysin or the trh gene for thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin. In addition to virulence genes, the shellfish isolates also harbored genes encoding resistance to multiple antibiotics, including tetracycline, penicillin, quinolone, and β-lactams, thus arousing concern. The risk assessment predicted that an estimated 21 cases of V. parahaemolyticus-associated gastroenteritis could occur in the general population annually due to consumption of contaminated oysters. This study highlights both the wide prevalence and diversity of Vibrio in seafood and the potential for certain strains to threaten public health. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudaa Neetoo
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Keshnee Reega
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zishaan Sheik Manoga
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nadeem Nazurally
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vishwakalyan Bhoyroo
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mushal Allam
- College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yasmina Jaufeerally-Fakim
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anisah Wahed Ghoorah
- Department of Digital Technologies, Faculty of Information, Communication and Digital Technologies, National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Wasseem Jaumdally
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aicha Malleck Hossen
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farheen Mayghun
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arshad Ismail
- Sequencing Core Facility, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Muzzammil Hosenally
- Department of Economics & Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
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4
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Gao Q, Ma X, Wang Z, Chen H, Luo Y, Wu B, Qi S, Lin M, Tian J, Qiao Y, Grossart HP, Xu W, Huang L. Seasonal variation, virulence gene and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio in a semi-enclosed bay with mariculture (Dongshan Bay, Southern China). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 184:114112. [PMID: 36113173 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the virulence genes, antibiotic resistance of culturable Vibrio and the environmental factors affecting Vibrio abundance were analyzed in four seasons in DongShan Bay with different intensity of aquaculture practice. A total of 253 bacteria isolates were obtained, of which 177 Vibrio strains belonged to 26 species. Annual Vibrio abundance in this region ranged from 20 to 11,600 CFU mL-1 and the most significant positive correlation occurred with temperature. Detection of 9 different Vibrio virulence genes revealed that most isolates contained atypical virulence genes in addition to the typical ones. In particular, virulence genes of hemolysin such as tdh, trh, and hlyA (6.32 %, 15.52 %, and 11.30 %) showed different degrees of horizontal gene transfer (HGT). In our antibiotic resistance test, the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of the isolates ranged from 0.01 to 0.03 in different seasons, and three MAR Vibrio strains were detected. Overall, our study sheds new light on the spatial distribution patterns and the occurrence of virulence genes and antibiotics resistance Vibrio isolated from a subtropical bay with intensive aquaculture. Our study provides a suitable microbial quality surveillance in a mariculture impacted coastal environment. It will help to establish effective disease prevention measures in this area and provide useful guidance and support for formulating local antibiotics use policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiancheng Gao
- Fisheries College, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaowan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Ecosystem and Bioresource, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536000, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Haisheng Chen
- Fishery Technology Promotion Station of Dongshan, Zhangzhou 363400, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Bi Wu
- Fisheries College, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shanni Qi
- Fisheries College, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Miaozhen Lin
- Fisheries College, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Fisheries College, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Ecosystem and Bioresource, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536000, China
| | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Stechlin 16775, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam 14469, Germany
| | - Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Ecosystem and Bioresource, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536000, China.
| | - Lixing Huang
- Fisheries College, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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5
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Purgar M, Kapetanović D, Geček S, Marn N, Haberle I, Hackenberger BK, Gavrilović A, Pečar Ilić J, Hackenberger DK, Djerdj T, Ćaleta B, Klanjscek T. Investigating the Ability of Growth Models to Predict In Situ Vibrio spp. Abundances. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091765. [PMID: 36144366 PMCID: PMC9505244 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio spp. have an important role in biogeochemical cycles; some species are disease agents for aquatic animals and/or humans. Predicting population dynamics of Vibrio spp. in natural environments is crucial to predicting how the future conditions will affect the dynamics of these bacteria. The majority of existing Vibrio spp. population growth models were developed in controlled environments, and their applicability to natural environments is unknown. We collected all available functional models from the literature, and distilled them into 28 variants using unified nomenclature. Next, we assessed their ability to predict Vibrio spp. abundance using two new and five already published longitudinal datasets on Vibrio abundance in four different habitat types. Results demonstrate that, while the models were able to predict Vibrio spp. abundance to an extent, the predictions were not reliable. Models often underperformed, especially in environments under significant anthropogenic influence such as aquaculture and urban coastal habitats. We discuss implications and limitations of our analysis, and suggest research priorities; in particular, we advocate for measuring and modeling organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nina Marn
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | | | | | - Ana Gavrilović
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Tamara Djerdj
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Bruno Ćaleta
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Tin Klanjscek
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence:
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6
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Fleischmann S, Herrig I, Wesp J, Stiedl J, Reifferscheid G, Strauch E, Alter T, Brennholt N. Prevalence and Distribution of Potentially Human Pathogenic Vibrio spp. on German North and Baltic Sea Coasts. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:846819. [PMID: 35937704 PMCID: PMC9355094 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.846819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Global ocean warming results in an increase of infectious diseases including an elevated emergence of Vibrio spp. in Northern Europe. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control reported annual periods of high to very high risks of infection with Vibrio spp. during summer months along the North Sea and Baltic Sea coasts. Based on those facts, the risk of Vibrio infections associated with recreational bathing in European coastal waters increases. To obtain an overview of the seasonal and spatial distribution of potentially human pathogenic Vibrio spp. at German coasts, this study monitored V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus at seven recreational bathing areas from 2017 to 2018, including the heat wave event in summer 2018. The study shows that all three Vibrio species occurred in water and sediment samples at all sampling sites. Temperature was shown to be the main driving factor of Vibrio abundance, whereas Vibrio community composition was mainly modulated by salinity. A species-specific rapid increase was observed at water temperatures above 10°C, reaching the highest detection numbers during the heat wave event with abundances of 4.5 log10 CFU+1/100 ml of seawater and 6.5 log10 CFU+1/100 g of sediment. Due to salinity, the dominant Vibrio species found in North Sea samples was V. parahaemolyticus, whereas V. vulnificus was predominantly detected in Baltic Sea samples. Most detections of V. cholerae were associated with estuarine samples from both seas. Vibrio spp. concentrations in sediments were up to three log higher compared to water samples, indicating that sediments are an important habitat for Vibrio spp. to persist in the environment. Antibiotic resistances were found against beta-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin 31%, cefazolin 36%, and oxacillin and penicillin 100%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (45%). Moreover, isolates harboring pathogenicity-associated genes such as trh for V. parahaemolyticus as well as vcg, cap/wcv, and the 16S rRNA-type B variant for V. vulnificus were detected. All sampled V. cholerae isolates were identified as non-toxigenic non-O1/non-O139 serotypes. To sum up, increasing water temperatures at German North Sea and Baltic Sea coasts provoke elevated Vibrio numbers and encourage human recreational water activities, resulting in increased exposure rates. Owing to a moderate Baltic Sea salinity, the risk of V. vulnificus infections is of particular concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Fleischmann
- Department G3-Bio-Chemistry, Ecotoxicology, Federal Institute of Hydrology, Koblenz, Germany
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Food Safety and Food Hygiene, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Susanne Fleischmann, ; Ilona Herrig,
| | - Ilona Herrig
- Department G3-Bio-Chemistry, Ecotoxicology, Federal Institute of Hydrology, Koblenz, Germany
- *Correspondence: Susanne Fleischmann, ; Ilona Herrig,
| | - Jessica Wesp
- Department G3-Bio-Chemistry, Ecotoxicology, Federal Institute of Hydrology, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Joscha Stiedl
- Department G3-Bio-Chemistry, Ecotoxicology, Federal Institute of Hydrology, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Georg Reifferscheid
- Department G3-Bio-Chemistry, Ecotoxicology, Federal Institute of Hydrology, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Eckhard Strauch
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Alter
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Food Safety and Food Hygiene, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Brennholt
- Department G3-Bio-Chemistry, Ecotoxicology, Federal Institute of Hydrology, Koblenz, Germany
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7
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Campbell VM, Chouljenko A, Hall SG. Depuration of live oysters to reduce Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus: A review of ecology and processing parameters. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3480-3506. [PMID: 35638353 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of raw oysters, whether wild-caught or aquacultured, may increase health risks for humans. Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus are two potentially pathogenic bacteria that can be concentrated in oysters during filter feeding. As Vibrio abundance increases in coastal waters worldwide, ingesting raw oysters contaminated with V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus can possibly result in human illness and death in susceptible individuals. Depuration is a postharvest processing method that maintains oyster viability while they filter clean salt water that either continuously flows through a holding tank or is recirculated and replenished periodically. This process can reduce endogenous bacteria, including coliforms, thus providing a safer, live oyster product for human consumption; however, depuration of Vibrios has presented challenges. When considering the difficulty of removing endogenous Vibrios in oysters, a more standardized framework of effective depuration parameters is needed. Understanding Vibrio ecology and its relation to certain depuration parameters could help optimize the process for the reduction of Vibrio. In the past, researchers have manipulated key depuration parameters like depuration processing time, water salinity, water temperature, and water flow rate and explored the use of processing additives to enhance disinfection in oysters. In summation, depuration processing from 4 to 6 days, low temperature, high salinity, and flowing water effectively reduced V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus in live oysters. This review aims to emphasize trends among the results of these past works and provide suggestions for future oyster depuration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vashti M Campbell
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexander Chouljenko
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven G Hall
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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8
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Disentangling the abundance and structure of Vibrio communities in a semi-enclosed Bay with mariculture (Dongshan Bay, Southern China). Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:4381-4393. [PMID: 34429854 PMCID: PMC8365367 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Vibrio contains a diverse group of heterotrophic bacteria, which are members of ubiquitous and abundant microbial communities in coastal ecosystems. Vibrio has been frequently found in a wide range of marine environments either by employing Vibrio-specific 16S rRNA sequencing or culturing methods. A combination of molecular and cultivation-dependent methods was developed to more precisely discriminate between different members of the genus Vibrio in seawater. This newly developed assay was subsequently applied to characterize Vibrio community composition in surface water at 18 mariculture sites. It Substantially improved the taxonomic resolution of Vibrio species when compared to traditional 16S rRNA analysis. Our qPCR and cultivation analyses revealed that average Vibrio abundance (Vibrio 16S rRNA gene copy numbers: 3.46 × 106 to 6.70 × 106 copies L−1) and live cell numbers (5.65 × 104–5.75 × 105 cfu mL−1) are significantly related to pH. Total bacteria and Vibrio-specific 16S rRNA metabarcode sequenceing resulted in a total of 10 and 32 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), respectively, and 15 Vibrio species were identified by targeted cultivation of Vibrio strains, with Vibrio fortis and V. brasiliensis dominating in the mariculture areas. The purpose of this study was to combine several analytical methods to improve current sequence-based Vibrio community surveys, and to prove for the effectiveness of this methodological approach comprehensively testing for Vibrio dynamics in different coastal environments.
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9
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Chen X, Zhao H, Jiang G, Tang J, Xu Q, Huang L, Chen S, Zou S, Dong K, Li N. Responses of Free-Living Vibrio Community to Seasonal Environmental Variation in a Subtropical Inland Bay. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:610974. [PMID: 33381102 PMCID: PMC7767907 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.610974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio are widely distributed in aquatic environments and strongly associated with eutrophic environments and human health through the consumption of contaminated seafood. However, the response of the Vibrio community to seasonal variation in eutrophic environments is poorly understood. In this study, we used a Vibrio-specific 16S rRNA sequencing approach to reveal the seasonal distribution pattern and diversity of the Vibrio community in the Maowei Sea, Beibu Gulf of China. The Shannon diversity of the Vibrio community was highest in the summer, while β-diversity analysis showed that Vibrio community structures were significantly different between seasons. Distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA) and Mantel test analysis suggested that total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), salinity, and temperature were the key environmental factors shaping the Vibrio community structure, indicating a strong filtering effect of trophic condition on Vibrio communities. Furthermore, through random forest analysis, V. fluvialis, V. alginolyticus, V. proteolyticus, V. splendidus, and the other eight Vibrio species were more sensitive to eutrophic changes. This study revealed seasonal changes in Vibrio communities and the influence of environmental variation on Vibrio community composition, contributing to a better understanding of their potential ecological roles in a subtropical inland bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Microorganism and Enzyme Research Center of Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Huaxian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - Gonglingxia Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinli Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiangsheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - Lengjinghua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
| | - Si Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Microorganism and Enzyme Research Center of Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Shuqi Zou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kyonggi University, Suwon-si, South Korea
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kyonggi University, Suwon-si, South Korea
| | - Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
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10
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Landrigan PJ, Stegeman JJ, Fleming LE, Allemand D, Anderson DM, Backer LC, Brucker-Davis F, Chevalier N, Corra L, Czerucka D, Bottein MYD, Demeneix B, Depledge M, Deheyn DD, Dorman CJ, Fénichel P, Fisher S, Gaill F, Galgani F, Gaze WH, Giuliano L, Grandjean P, Hahn ME, Hamdoun A, Hess P, Judson B, Laborde A, McGlade J, Mu J, Mustapha A, Neira M, Noble RT, Pedrotti ML, Reddy C, Rocklöv J, Scharler UM, Shanmugam H, Taghian G, van de Water JA, Vezzulli L, Weihe P, Zeka A, Raps H, Rampal P. Human Health and Ocean Pollution. Ann Glob Health 2020; 86:151. [PMID: 33354517 PMCID: PMC7731724 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.2831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pollution - unwanted waste released to air, water, and land by human activity - is the largest environmental cause of disease in the world today. It is responsible for an estimated nine million premature deaths per year, enormous economic losses, erosion of human capital, and degradation of ecosystems. Ocean pollution is an important, but insufficiently recognized and inadequately controlled component of global pollution. It poses serious threats to human health and well-being. The nature and magnitude of these impacts are only beginning to be understood. Goals (1) Broadly examine the known and potential impacts of ocean pollution on human health. (2) Inform policy makers, government leaders, international organizations, civil society, and the global public of these threats. (3) Propose priorities for interventions to control and prevent pollution of the seas and safeguard human health. Methods Topic-focused reviews that examine the effects of ocean pollution on human health, identify gaps in knowledge, project future trends, and offer evidence-based guidance for effective intervention. Environmental Findings Pollution of the oceans is widespread, worsening, and in most countries poorly controlled. It is a complex mixture of toxic metals, plastics, manufactured chemicals, petroleum, urban and industrial wastes, pesticides, fertilizers, pharmaceutical chemicals, agricultural runoff, and sewage. More than 80% arises from land-based sources. It reaches the oceans through rivers, runoff, atmospheric deposition and direct discharges. It is often heaviest near the coasts and most highly concentrated along the coasts of low- and middle-income countries. Plastic is a rapidly increasing and highly visible component of ocean pollution, and an estimated 10 million metric tons of plastic waste enter the seas each year. Mercury is the metal pollutant of greatest concern in the oceans; it is released from two main sources - coal combustion and small-scale gold mining. Global spread of industrialized agriculture with increasing use of chemical fertilizer leads to extension of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) to previously unaffected regions. Chemical pollutants are ubiquitous and contaminate seas and marine organisms from the high Arctic to the abyssal depths. Ecosystem Findings Ocean pollution has multiple negative impacts on marine ecosystems, and these impacts are exacerbated by global climate change. Petroleum-based pollutants reduce photosynthesis in marine microorganisms that generate oxygen. Increasing absorption of carbon dioxide into the seas causes ocean acidification, which destroys coral reefs, impairs shellfish development, dissolves calcium-containing microorganisms at the base of the marine food web, and increases the toxicity of some pollutants. Plastic pollution threatens marine mammals, fish, and seabirds and accumulates in large mid-ocean gyres. It breaks down into microplastic and nanoplastic particles containing multiple manufactured chemicals that can enter the tissues of marine organisms, including species consumed by humans. Industrial releases, runoff, and sewage increase frequency and severity of HABs, bacterial pollution, and anti-microbial resistance. Pollution and sea surface warming are triggering poleward migration of dangerous pathogens such as the Vibrio species. Industrial discharges, pharmaceutical wastes, pesticides, and sewage contribute to global declines in fish stocks. Human Health Findings Methylmercury and PCBs are the ocean pollutants whose human health effects are best understood. Exposures of infants in utero to these pollutants through maternal consumption of contaminated seafood can damage developing brains, reduce IQ and increase children's risks for autism, ADHD and learning disorders. Adult exposures to methylmercury increase risks for cardiovascular disease and dementia. Manufactured chemicals - phthalates, bisphenol A, flame retardants, and perfluorinated chemicals, many of them released into the seas from plastic waste - can disrupt endocrine signaling, reduce male fertility, damage the nervous system, and increase risk of cancer. HABs produce potent toxins that accumulate in fish and shellfish. When ingested, these toxins can cause severe neurological impairment and rapid death. HAB toxins can also become airborne and cause respiratory disease. Pathogenic marine bacteria cause gastrointestinal diseases and deep wound infections. With climate change and increasing pollution, risk is high that Vibrio infections, including cholera, will increase in frequency and extend to new areas. All of the health impacts of ocean pollution fall disproportionately on vulnerable populations in the Global South - environmental injustice on a planetary scale. Conclusions Ocean pollution is a global problem. It arises from multiple sources and crosses national boundaries. It is the consequence of reckless, shortsighted, and unsustainable exploitation of the earth's resources. It endangers marine ecosystems. It impedes the production of atmospheric oxygen. Its threats to human health are great and growing, but still incompletely understood. Its economic costs are only beginning to be counted.Ocean pollution can be prevented. Like all forms of pollution, ocean pollution can be controlled by deploying data-driven strategies based on law, policy, technology, and enforcement that target priority pollution sources. Many countries have used these tools to control air and water pollution and are now applying them to ocean pollution. Successes achieved to date demonstrate that broader control is feasible. Heavily polluted harbors have been cleaned, estuaries rejuvenated, and coral reefs restored.Prevention of ocean pollution creates many benefits. It boosts economies, increases tourism, helps restore fisheries, and improves human health and well-being. It advances the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). These benefits will last for centuries. Recommendations World leaders who recognize the gravity of ocean pollution, acknowledge its growing dangers, engage civil society and the global public, and take bold, evidence-based action to stop pollution at source will be critical to preventing ocean pollution and safeguarding human health.Prevention of pollution from land-based sources is key. Eliminating coal combustion and banning all uses of mercury will reduce mercury pollution. Bans on single-use plastic and better management of plastic waste reduce plastic pollution. Bans on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have reduced pollution by PCBs and DDT. Control of industrial discharges, treatment of sewage, and reduced applications of fertilizers have mitigated coastal pollution and are reducing frequency of HABs. National, regional and international marine pollution control programs that are adequately funded and backed by strong enforcement have been shown to be effective. Robust monitoring is essential to track progress.Further interventions that hold great promise include wide-scale transition to renewable fuels; transition to a circular economy that creates little waste and focuses on equity rather than on endless growth; embracing the principles of green chemistry; and building scientific capacity in all countries.Designation of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) will safeguard critical ecosystems, protect vulnerable fish stocks, and enhance human health and well-being. Creation of MPAs is an important manifestation of national and international commitment to protecting the health of the seas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John J. Stegeman
- Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, US
| | - Lora E. Fleming
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, GB
- University of Exeter Medical School, GB
| | | | - Donald M. Anderson
- Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, US
| | | | | | - Nicolas Chevalier
- Université Côte d’Azur, FR
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Inserm, C3M, FR
| | - Lilian Corra
- International Society of Doctors for the Environment (ISDE), CH
- Health and Environment of the Global Alliance on Health and Pollution (GAHP), AR
| | | | - Marie-Yasmine Dechraoui Bottein
- Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, FR
- IOC Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, University of Copenhagen, DK
- Ecotoxicologie et développement durable expertise ECODD, Valbonne, FR
| | - Barbara Demeneix
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, FR
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FR
| | | | - Dimitri D. Deheyn
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, US
| | | | - Patrick Fénichel
- Université Côte d’Azur, FR
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Inserm, C3M, FR
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark E. Hahn
- Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, US
| | | | - Philipp Hess
- Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation des Mers, FR
| | | | | | - Jacqueline McGlade
- Institute for Global Prosperity, University College London, GB
- Strathmore University Business School, Nairobi, KE
| | | | - Adetoun Mustapha
- Nigerian Institute for Medical Research, Lagos, NG
- Imperial College London, GB
| | | | | | | | - Christopher Reddy
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, US
| | - Joacim Rocklöv
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, SE
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pál Weihe
- University of the Faroe Islands and Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, FO
| | | | - Hervé Raps
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, MC
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Health and Sustainable Development, MC
| | - Patrick Rampal
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, MC
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Health and Sustainable Development, MC
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11
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Xu W, Gong L, Yang S, Gao Y, Ma X, Xu L, Chen H, Luo Z. Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Vibrio Communities and Abundance in Dongshan Bay, South of China. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:575287. [PMID: 33324364 PMCID: PMC7726330 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.575287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The Vibrio genus inhabit estuarine and marine ecosystem throughout the world and can cause severe infections in humans and animals. Previous studies have demonstrated the dynamics of Vibrio at both community and population levels and assessed the close relationship between environmental factors and Vibrio diversity and abundance, such as temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen. It is also generally believed that aquaculture is the fastest-growing food sector, which is also applying great environmental impacts on microbial communities in aquatic ecosystems. However, our understanding of the spatiotemporal quantification of Vibrio throughout the four seasons in the aquaculture zone and response to environmental factors remains poor. To explore the spatiotemporal distribution and abundance of the Vibrio community with their related environmental factors and detect the relationships among them, we collected 10 seawater sites spanning four seasons across the whole year in Dongshan Bay for investigating the Vibrio community dynamics. Marked differences in diversity and abundance of the Vibrio community were observed between seasons, which were mainly driven by temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, and nitrite. qPCR analysis showed that Vibrio abundance was most abundant in the summer (5.37 × 106 copies/L), compared with the autumn (4.58 × 106 copies/L), spring (1.18 × 106 copies/L), and winter (1.55 × 104 copies/L). A total of 22 Vibrio operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 28 species were identified by universal bacteria 16S rRNA gene and cultivation methods, with Vibrio fortis the dominant in these aquaculture areas. To summarize, our present study is one of the few studies to research the occurrence of Vibrio in marine aquaculture of South China, and the results indicate that Vibrio are widely distributed in aquaculture environment and that a further risk assessment is needed to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - LinFeng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuanhao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaowan Ma
- Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai, China
| | - Limei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Haisheng Chen
- Fishery Technology Promotion Station of Dongshan, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Zhuhua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.,School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
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12
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Metcalf JS, Codd GA. Co-Occurrence of Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins with Other Environmental Health Hazards: Impacts and Implications. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E629. [PMID: 33019550 PMCID: PMC7601082 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxin-producing cyanobacteria in aquatic, terrestrial, and aerial environments can occur alongside a wide range of additional health hazards including biological agents and synthetic materials. Cases of intoxications involving cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, with exposure to additional hazards, are discussed. Examples of the co-occurrence of cyanobacteria in such combinations are reviewed, including cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins plus algal toxins, microbial pathogens and fecal indicator bacteria, metals, pesticides, and microplastics. Toxicity assessments of cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, and these additional agents, where investigated in bioassays and in defined combinations, are discussed and further research needs are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geoffrey A. Codd
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK;
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
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13
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Arab S, Nalbone L, Giarratana F, Berbar A. Occurrence of Vibrio spp. along the Algerian Mediterranean coast in wild and farmed Sparus aurata and Dicentrarchus labrax. Vet World 2020; 13:1199-1208. [PMID: 32801574 PMCID: PMC7396341 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1199-1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Vibrio bacteria are autochthonous inhabitants of aquatic and marine environments. Certain strains are responsible for important seafood-borne outbreaks in developed nations. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Vibrio spp. along the Algerian Mediterranean coast in several samples of two prominent wild and farmed marine fishes, Sparus aurata and Dicentrarchus labrax. Materials and Methods: A total of 350 S. aurata (n=280 farmed and n=70 wild) and 340 D. labrax (n=250 farmed and n=90 wild) were sampled among three different locations along the Algerian Mediterranean coastal area. The samples were processed for Vibrio research according to the ISO methods. Isolated colonies were identified utilizing biochemical tests and consecutively confirmed with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, combined with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis when appropriate, or confirmed with PCR analysis alone. Results: A total of 42 Vibrio spp. were detected only among the farmed fishes. Taking into account, all 690 fishes sampled, the incidence of Vibrio spp. was 6.08% (with peaks up to 7.92%) among the total number of farmed fishes. Overall, 25 strains were isolated from S. aurata and 17 strains were isolated from D. labrax. The isolated strains belonged to four different species and were represented as follows: Vibrio alginolyticus (n=20), Vibrio cholerae (n=15), Vibrio fluvialis (n=5), and Vibrio hollisae (n=2). The incidence of Vibrio was higher in places characterized by greater levels of anthropogenic contamination of seawater. Conclusion: Considering the growing production and consequent rising consumption of farmed fish in Algeria, the reported incidence of Vibrio and the presence of potentially pathogenic strains of Vibrio such as V. cholerae cause particular concern for food safety matters. Even if innovative and natural techniques are desired in aquaculture, proper hygiene and manufacturing practices are essential for the correct management of Vibrio infection risk in farmed fishes at both industrial and domestic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Arab
- Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Laboratoire de Recherche de Biotechnologies liées à la Reproduction Animale, University of Saad Dahlab - Blida, route de Soumâa BP 270, Blida, 09000, Algeria
| | - Luca Nalbone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Filippo Giarratana
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Ali Berbar
- Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Laboratoire de Recherche de Biotechnologies liées à la Reproduction Animale, University of Saad Dahlab - Blida, route de Soumâa BP 270, Blida, 09000, Algeria
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14
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Froelich BA, Daines DA. In hot water: effects of climate change on Vibrio-human interactions. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:4101-4111. [PMID: 32114705 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sea level rise and the anthropogenic warming of the world's oceans is not only an environmental tragedy, but these changes also result in a significant threat to public health. Along with coastal flooding and the encroachment of saltwater farther inland comes an increased risk of human interaction with pathogenic Vibrio species, such as Vibrio cholerae, V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus. This minireview examines the current literature for updates on the climatic changes and practices that impact the location and duration of the presence of Vibrio spp., as well as the infection routes, trends and virulence factors of these highly successful pathogens. Finally, an overview of current treatments and methods for the mitigation of both oral and cutaneous exposures are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Froelich
- Department of Biology, George Mason University, 10900 University Boulevard, Manassas, VA, 20110
| | - Dayle A Daines
- College of Sciences, Office of the Dean, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529
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15
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Canty R, Blackwood D, Noble R, Froelich B. A comparison between farmed oysters using floating cages and oysters grown on-bottom reveals more potentially human pathogenic Vibrio in the on-bottom oysters. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:4257-4263. [PMID: 32079036 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Eating raw oysters can come with serious health risks, as oysters can potentially contain bacteria of the Vibrio genus that cause food-borne infections. Vibrio bacteria are concentrated by oysters and, when consumed, infections can result with severe symptoms such as diarrhoea, lesions on the extremities, or even death. Vibrio spp. concentrations are strongly affected by season, location, and other factors such as temperature and salinity. Previous research in North Carolina oysters has been conducted on wild and farmed oysters but not at the same time. Farmed, or aquaculture raised, oysters are considerably different from wild oysters and could possibly pose different health risks. Farmed oysters are handled, raised from seed, and often grown using suspended grow-out systems called 'floating cages'. Therefore, farmed oysters can be grown at the surface of the estuary, while wild oysters typically grow at the bottom of the water column. This project compared the concentrations of Vibrio spp. in suspended, farm-grown oysters and wild oysters at three sites, using a paired approach with farmed and wild oysters sampled in proximity. An important part of this comparison was identifying pathogenicity of the bacteria isolated from the samples. Distinction was made between off- and on-bottom farming. Interestingly, on-bottom oysters had more pathogenic V. vulnificus than off-bottom oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Canty
- Institute of Marine Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, 28557, USA
| | - Denene Blackwood
- Institute of Marine Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, 28557, USA
| | - Rachel Noble
- Institute of Marine Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, 28557, USA
| | - Brett Froelich
- Institute of Marine Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, 28557, USA
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16
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Thammatinna K, Egan ME, Htoo HH, Khanna K, Sugie J, Nideffer JF, Villa E, Tassanakajon A, Pogliano J, Nonejuie P, Chaikeeratisak V. A novel vibriophage exhibits inhibitory activity against host protein synthesis machinery. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2347. [PMID: 32047244 PMCID: PMC7012835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59396-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the emergence of deadly pathogens and multidrug-resistant bacteria at an alarmingly increased rate, bacteriophages have been developed as a controlling bioagent to prevent the spread of pathogenic bacteria. One of these pathogens, disease-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND) which induces acute hepatopancreatic necrosis, is considered one of the deadliest shrimp pathogens, and has recently become resistant to various classes of antibiotics. Here, we discovered a novel vibriophage that specifically targets the vibrio host, VPAHPND. The vibriophage, designated Seahorse, was classified in the family Siphoviridae because of its icosahedral capsid surrounded by head fibers and a non-contractile long tail. Phage Seahorse was able to infect the host in a broad range of pH and temperatures, and it had a relatively short latent period (nearly 30 minutes) in which it produced progeny at 72 particles per cell at the end of its lytic cycle. Upon phage infection, the host nucleoid condensed and became toroidal, similar to the bacterial DNA morphology seen during tetracycline treatment, suggesting that phage Seahorse hijacked host biosynthesis pathways through protein translation. As phage Seahorse genome encodes 48 open reading frames with many hypothetical proteins, this genome could be a potential untapped resource for the discovery of phage-derived therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khrongkhwan Thammatinna
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - MacKennon E Egan
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Htut Htut Htoo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Joseph Sugie
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jason F Nideffer
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth Villa
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Joe Pogliano
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Poochit Nonejuie
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Vorrapon Chaikeeratisak
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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