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Hao X, Gu Y, Zhang H, Wang X, Liu X, Chen C, Wang C, Zhang X, Liu X, Shen X. Synthetic Microbial Community Promotes Bacterial Communities Leading to Soil Multifunctionality in Desertified Land. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1117. [PMID: 38930499 PMCID: PMC11205429 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil desertification is an important challenge in global soil management, and effectively and stably restoring soil function is an urgent problem. Using synthetic microbial communities (SynComs) is a burgeoning microbial strategy aimed at enhancing soil nutrients through functional synergies among diverse microorganisms; nevertheless, their effectiveness in restoring desertified soils remains unknown. In this study, we conducted a two-year field experiment using a SynCom constructed by in situ probiotic bacteria and set up control, chemical fertilizer, and combined SynCom-chemical fertilizer (combined fertilizer) treatments to investigate the linkage between microbial communities and soil multifunctionality in the soil surface layer (0-10 cm). Both the bacterial and fungal communities differed the most under the combined fertilizer treatment compared to the control. The bacterial communities differed more under treatments of the SynCom than the chemical fertilizer, while the fungal communities differed more under the chemical fertilizer treatment than the SynCom treatment. Regarding soil function, the SynCom strengthened the correlation between enzyme activities and both bacterial communities and functional properties. pH and available potassium were the main influencing factors under the chemical fertilizer and combined fertilizer treatments. The beta-diversity of the bacterial communities was significantly correlated with soil multifunctionality. Random forest analyses showed that the SynCom significantly enhanced the bacterial communities, driving soil multifunctionality, and that some potential microbial taxa drove multiple nutrient cycles simultaneously. In summary, the SynCom effectively increased the abundance of most carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus functional genes as well as soil enzyme activities. The bacterial community composition contributed significantly to soil multifunctionality. Hence, the development of novel microbial agents holds significant potential for improving soil functionality and managing desertification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.H.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Yazhou Gu
- Qingyang Longfeng Sponge City Construction Management and Operation Co., Ltd., Qingyang 745000, China; (Y.G.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hongzhi Zhang
- Qingyang Longfeng Sponge City Construction Management and Operation Co., Ltd., Qingyang 745000, China; (Y.G.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.H.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Xiaozhen Liu
- Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010013, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Chunlei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.H.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Congcong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.H.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010013, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xingyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Xihui Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.H.); (X.W.); (C.C.); (C.W.)
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Long J, Dong M, Wang C, Miao Y. Effects of drought and salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth of Elymus nutans. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15968. [PMID: 37641594 PMCID: PMC10460566 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought and soil salinization are global environmental issues, and Elymus nutans play an important role in vegetation restoration in arid and saline environments due to their excellent stress resistance. In the process of vegetation restoration, the stage from germination to seedling growth of forage is crucial. This experiment studied the effects of PEG-6000 simulated drought stress and NaCl simulated salinization stress on the germination of E. nutans seeds, and explored the growth of forage seedlings from sowing to 28 days under drought and salinization stress conditions. The results showed that under the same environmental water potential, there were significant differences in responses of seed germination, seedling growth, organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus of above-ground and underground parts of E. nutans to drought stress and salinization stress. Using the membership function method to comprehensively evaluate the seed germination and seedling indicators of E. nutans, it was found that under the same environmental water potential, E. nutans was more severely affected by drought stress during both the seed germination and seedling growth stages. E. nutans showed better salt tolerance than drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Long
- Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Tibet, China
| | - Mengjie Dong
- Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Tibet, China
| | - Chuanqi Wang
- Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Tibet, China
| | - Yanjun Miao
- Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Tibet, China
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Xia Y, He R, Xu W, Zhang J. The Zoige pioneer plant Leymus secalinus has different endophytic bacterial community structures to adapt to environmental conditions. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15363. [PMID: 37220526 PMCID: PMC10200098 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Leymus secalinus is a pioneer plant grown in the Zoige desertified alpine grassland and it is also one of the dominant plant species used for environmental remediation. L. secalinus plays a large role in vegetation reconstruction in sandy land, but the abundance and diversity of its endophytes have not yet been investigated. Objectives This study was performed to investigate the changes in the endophytic bacterial community structure of L. secalinus under different ecological environments and to analyze the effects of environmental changes and different plant tissues on the L. secalinus endophytic bacteria. Methods Leaf, stem, and root tissue samples of L. secalinus were collected from Zoige Glassland (Alpine sandy land) and an open field nursery (Control). DNA was extracted and the 16S ribosomal DNA was amplified. The sequence library was sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq platform and clustered by operational taxonomic units (OTUs). α-diversity and β-diversity analyses, species diversity analyses, functional prediction, and redundancy (RDA) analyses for the soil physicochemical properties were conducted. Results α-diversity and β-diversity analyses showed that the endophytic bacteria in L. secalinus varied in different areas and tissues. The abundance of Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium, which is related to nitrogen fixation, increased significantly in the L. secalinus found in the Zoige Grassland.Moreover, the abundance of nutrition metabolism and anti-stress abilities increased in functional prediction in the desert samples. The soil physicochemical properties had an insignificant influence on bacterial diversity. Conclusion The changes in the endophytic bacterial community structure in L. secalinus were significant and were caused by environmental alterations and plant choice. The endophytic bacteria in L. secalinus grown in alpine sandy land may have greater anti-stress properties and the ability to fix nitrogen, which has potential value in environmental remediation and agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruipeng He
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanru Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Li Q, Shen X, Huang Q, Sun F, Zhou J, Ma X, Ran Z, Chen Y, Li Z, Yan Y, Zhang X, Gao W, Liu L. Resource islands of Salix cupularis facilitating seedling emergence of the companion herbs in the restoration process of desertified alpine meadow, the Tibetan Plateau. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 289:112434. [PMID: 33799064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Salix cupularis is a common shrub for ecological restoration of the desertified alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau. However, the effect of S. cupularis on spatial heterogeneity of soil resources (i.e., resource islands effect) has not been systematically evaluated, and the influence of shrub patches on the rehabilitation of understory herbs has also been unknown. In this study, we randomly selected S. cupularis individuals in the early restoration stage of desertified alpine meadow, where the three native forages (Elymus nutans, Elymus sibiricus and Festuca sinensis) were sown at different microsites around S. cupularis to explore the effects of S. cupularis on soil resources and emergence rates of the native forages. The results showed that S. cupularis significantly increased SWC (soil water content), C (carbon) and N (nitrogen) nutrients (p < 0.01) and enzyme activities (p < 0.05) under canopy compared with the bare land, and the improvement performed better in the topsoil (0-5 cm) than in the subtop-soil (5-15 cm). Moreover, the soil properties were affected significantly by microsites around S. cupularis, resulting in regular changes of SWC, nutrients and enzyme activities in different microsites (Shrub center > Middle of canopy radius > Bare land). In addition, there are significant regression relationships between emergence rates and enriching soil water, C and N nutrients, so the emergence rates of native forages under canopy may be improved significantly with the enriched soil resources, especially for E. nutans. As a result, S. cupularis is a suitable pioneer shrub for the vegetation restoration of desertified alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau, because it could not only shape the enrichment of soil resources under canopy, but also facilitate emergence of companion forages in the process of vegetation restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xudong Shen
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qian Huang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Feida Sun
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jiqiong Zhou
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiao Ma
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhouya Ran
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Youjun Chen
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhou Li
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yanhong Yan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wuchao Gao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, PR China.
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