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Ramos-Regalado L, Alcover S, Badimon L, Vilahur G. The Influence of Metabolic Risk Factors on the Inflammatory Response Triggered by Myocardial Infarction: Bridging Pathophysiology to Treatment. Cells 2024; 13:1125. [PMID: 38994977 PMCID: PMC11240659 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) sets off a complex inflammatory cascade that is crucial for effective cardiac healing and scar formation. Yet, if this response becomes excessive or uncontrolled, it can lead to cardiovascular complications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the tightly regulated local inflammatory response triggered in the early post-MI phase involving cardiomyocytes, (myo)fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and infiltrating immune cells. Next, we explore how the bone marrow and extramedullary hematopoiesis (such as in the spleen) contribute to sustaining immune cell supply at a cardiac level. Lastly, we discuss recent findings on how metabolic cardiovascular risk factors, including hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes, and hypertension, disrupt this immunological response and explore the potential modulatory effects of lifestyle habits and pharmacological interventions. Understanding how different metabolic risk factors influence the inflammatory response triggered by MI and unraveling the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms may pave the way for developing personalized therapeutic approaches based on the patient's metabolic profile. Similarly, delving deeper into the impact of lifestyle modifications on the inflammatory response post-MI is crucial. These insights may enable the adoption of more effective strategies to manage post-MI inflammation and improve cardiovascular health outcomes in a holistic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisaidy Ramos-Regalado
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain (S.A.)
- Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastià Alcover
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain (S.A.)
- Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain (S.A.)
- Ciber CV, Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Research Chair, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain (S.A.)
- Ciber CV, Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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2
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Yang X, Wang J, Dai X, Ma N, Cheng H, Guo H, Chen S, Huang Y, Wu J. The mechanism and targeted intervention of the HIF-1 pathway in improving atherosclerotic heart's sensitivity to ischemic postconditioning. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:494-509. [PMID: 37660838 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IPoC possesses a preventive effect against IR injury in healthy myocardium, but IPoC's protective effect on atherosclerotic myocardium is controversial. The current investigation aims to determine whether IPoC remains protective in atherosclerotic myocardium subjected to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury; to explore the specific mechanisms by which IPoC exerts cardioprotection; to explore whether HIF-1 upregulation combined with IPoC could further the provide cardioprotection; and to gaze at the specific mechanism whereby combined treatment expert the cardioprotection. METHODS ApoE-/- mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) were used to develop a model of atherosclerosis. The myocardial IR model was induced by occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery for 45 min, followed by reperfusion for 120 min. The protection of IPoC in both healthy and atherosclerotic myocardium was evaluated by measuring oxidative stress, apoptosis, infarct size, pathology, mitochondrial dysfunction and morphology of myocardium. The specific mechanism by which IPoC exerts cardioprotection in healthy and atherosclerotic myocardium was observed by measuring the expression of proteins involved in HIF-1, APMK and RISK pathways. The effect of HIF-1α overexpression on the cardioprotection by IPoC was observed by intravenous AAV9 -HIF-1α injection. RESULTS In healthy ischemic myocardium, IPoC exerted myocardial protective effects (antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, and improved mitochondrial function) through the activation of HIF-1, AMPK and RISK pathways. In atherosclerotic ischemic myocardium, IPoC exerted cardioprotection only through the activation of HIF-1 pathway; however, HIF-1 overexpression combined IPoC restored the activation of AMPK and RISK pathways, thereby further alleviating the myocardial IR injury. CONCLUSIONS In the atherosclerotic state, the HIF-1 pathway is the intrinsic mechanism by which IPoC exerts cardioprotective effects. The combination of HIF-1 upregulation and IPoC has a significant effect in reducing myocardial injury, which is worth being promoted and advocated. In addition, HIF-1-AMPK and HIF-1-RISK may be two endogenous cardioprotective signalling pathways with great value, which deserve to be thoroughly investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaowen Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hu Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hai Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yidan Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jianjiang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
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Choudhary P, Boamah B, Hon Ng S, White A, Weber LP, Wilson HL. Solidified saturated fats coating subunit vaccines greatly extended vaccine booster release and contributed to a Th1/Th2 mixed immune response in mice. Vaccine 2023; 41:3989-4001. [PMID: 37230887 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Delayed release of vaccine coupled with a soluble vaccine acts as a primer and a booster with only a single administration, which would be very beneficial to livestock producers. We developed a subdermal pellet consisting of solid-phase pure stearic acid (SA) or palmitic acid (PA) that was used to encapsulate a small volume liquid vaccine consisting of fluorescently labeled *Ovalbumin (Cy5-*OVA) formulated with Emulsigen-D +/- Poly I:C (EMP) adjuvants. Mice were also immunized via the subcutaneous route with Cy5-*OVA-EMP (soluble liquid). The vaccine leached out of the pellet with very little dissolution of the fat itself resulting in the sustained subdermal delivery of antigens and adjuvants. Cy5-*OVA was still visible 60 days post administration in mice immunized with stearic acid-coated or palmitic acid-coated pellets. In these mice, persistently high IgG1 and IgG2a antibody titres were detected as well as significant IFNγ production at least 60 days post-injection. These responses were significantly higher than those observed after a single subcutaneous injection of the vaccine. A repeat trial with the pellets alone +/- the soluble vaccine showed comparable immune responses after surgical implantation of the pellet, suggesting that pellet alone may be sufficient. The PA-coated vaccines led to dermal inflammation in the mice that would limit usefulness of this vehicle, but this was largely absent when SA was used to coat the pellets. These data suggest that the SA-coated adjuvanted vaccine prolonged the release of the vaccine and triggered a comparable immune response to the mice that received the two liquid injections, and a single pellet vaccine should be tested as a novel immunization method for livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Choudhary
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada
| | - Bright Boamah
- Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Siew Hon Ng
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada
| | - Aaron White
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Lynn P Weber
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Heather L Wilson
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5E3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Microbiology Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada; School of Public Health, Vaccinology and Immunotherapeutics, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Gallinat A, Vilahur G, Padro T, Badimon L. Effects of Antioxidants in Fermented Beverages in Tissue Transcriptomics: Effect of Beer Intake on Myocardial Tissue after Oxidative Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051096. [PMID: 37237963 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented beverages, such as wine and beer, are rich in polyphenols that have been shown to have protective effects against oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disease. However, the potential benefits of fermented beverages on cardiovascular health need to be fully investigated at a molecular level. In this study, we aimed at analyzing the effects of beer consumption in modulating the transcriptomic response of the heart to an oxidative stress challenge induced by myocardial ischemia (MI) in the presence of hypercholesterolemia in a pre-clinical swine model. Previous studies have shown that the same intervention induces organ protective benefits. We report a dose-dependent up-regulation of electron transport chain members and the down-regulation of spliceosome-associated genes linked to beer consumption. Additionally, low-dose beer consumption resulted in a down-regulation of genes associated with the immune response, that was not shown for moderate-dose beer consumption. These findings, observed in animals having demonstrated beneficial effects at the organ-level, indicate that the antioxidants in beer differentially affect the myocardial transcriptome in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Gallinat
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, IIBSANTPAU, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, IIBSANTPAU, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Padro
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, IIBSANTPAU, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, IR-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, IIBSANTPAU, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Research Chair, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemia Leads to Cardiac Dysfunction and Alterations in the Myocardial Proteome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137387. [PMID: 35806390 PMCID: PMC9266420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated blood cholesterol is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease. Moreover, direct effects on the myocardium also contribute to the adverse effects of hypercholesterolemia. Here, we investigated the effect of hypercholesterolemia on the cardiac proteome. Male Wistar rats were fed with a laboratory rodent chow supplemented with 2% cholesterol for 8 weeks to induce hypercholesterolemia. The protein expression data obtained from the proteomic characterization of left ventricular samples from normo- and hypercholesterolemic animals were subjected to gene ontology (GO) and protein interaction analyses. Elevated circulating cholesterol levels were accompanied by diastolic dysfunction in cholesterol-fed rats. The proteomic characterization of left ventricular samples revealed altered expression of 45 proteins due to hypercholesterolemia. Based on the Gene Ontology analysis, hypercholesterolemia was associated with disturbed expression of cytoskeletal and contractile proteins. Beta-actin was downregulated in the hypercholesterolemic myocardium, and established a prominent hub of the protein interaction network. Analysis of the unfiltered dataset revealed concordant downregulated expression patterns in proteins associated with the arrangement of the contractile system (e.g., cardiac-specific troponins and myosin complex), and in subunits of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. We conclude that the observed changes in the cardiac proteome may contribute to the development of diastolic dysfunction in hypercholesterolemia.
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Wang R, Wu Y, Jiang S. FOXC2 Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats through Regulating Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:9628521. [PMID: 34858542 PMCID: PMC8632424 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9628521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is the leading cause of death in patients with cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect and mechanism of forkhead box C2 (FOXC2) on MIRI in rats. METHODS We made ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) models for rats by performing I/R surgery. After 3 hours, 3 days, and 7 days of reperfusion, we detected the structure and function of rat myocardium by 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining, echocardiography, lactate dehydrogenase kit, and haematoxylin-eosin staining. The change of FOXC2 expression in myocardial tissue was also detected. Then, we increased the expression of FOXC2 in rats by adenovirus transfection to clarify the effect of FOXC2 on changes of oxidative stress and inflammation of rat myocardium. In addition, we detected the effect of FOXC2 overexpression plasmid on the function of H9c2 cells in vitro. The expression changes of Nrf2/HO-1 in myocardial cells were also detected to clarify the mechanism of action of FOXC2. RESULTS The expression of FOXC2 in I/R rats was significantly lower than that in the sham group. After overexpressing FOXC2 in I/R rats, we found that the expression of SOD1/2 of rat myocardium and inflammatory factors in the serum were significantly reduced. Overexpression of FOXC2 also increased the viability and antioxidant capacity of H9c2 cells. In addition, FOXC2 was found to increase the activity of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in myocardial cells, and the inhibition of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway attenuated the protective effect of FOXC2 on myocardial cells. CONCLUSIONS MIRI in rats was accompanied by low expression of FOXC2 in myocardial tissue. Overexpression of FOXC2 reduces the level of inflammation and oxidative stress in myocardial tissue by promoting the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, thereby alleviating MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonggang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shoutao Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Louloudis G, Ambrosini S, Paneni F, Camici GG, Benke D, Klohs J. Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated Gain-of-Function mPCSK9 Expression in the Mouse Induces Hypercholesterolemia, Monocytosis, Neutrophilia, and a Hypercoagulative State. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:718741. [PMID: 34631822 PMCID: PMC8492965 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.718741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia has previously been induced in the mouse by a single intravenous injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based vector harboring gain-of-function pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9. Despite the recent emergence of the PCSK9-AAV model, the profile of hematological and coagulation parameters associated with it has yet to be characterized. We injected 1.0 × 1011 viral particles of mPCSK9-AAV or control AAV into juvenile male C57BL/6N mice and fed them with either a Western-type high-fat diet (HFD) or standard diet over the course of 3 weeks. mPCSK9-AAV mice on HFD exhibited greater plasma PCSK9 concentration and lower low-density lipoprotein levels, concomitant with increased total cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL)-cholesterol concentrations, and lower HDL-cholesterol concentrations than control mice. Furthermore, mPCSK9-AAV-injected mice on HFD exhibited no signs of atherosclerosis at 3 weeks after the AAV injection. Hypercholesterolemia was associated with a thromboinflammatory phenotype, as neutrophil levels, monocyte levels, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios were higher and activated partial thromboplastin times (aPTTs) was lower in HFD-fed mPCSK9-AAV mice. Therefore, the mPCSK9-AAV is a suitable model of hypercholesterolemia to examine the role of thromboinflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Louloudis
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Neuroscience Center (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samuele Ambrosini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Zurich Neuroscience Center (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dietmar Benke
- Zurich Neuroscience Center (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Klohs
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Neuroscience Center (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland
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8
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Maiuolo J, Carresi C, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Scarano F, Coppoletta AR, Guarnieri L, Nucera S, Scicchitano M, Bosco F, Ruga S, Zito MC, Macri R, Cardamone A, Serra M, Mollace R, Tavernese A, Mollace V. Effects of Bergamot Polyphenols on Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072476. [PMID: 34371986 PMCID: PMC8308586 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and disability in the Western world. In order to safeguard the structure and the functionality of the myocardium, it is extremely important to adequately support the cardiomyocytes. Two cellular organelles of cardiomyocytes are essential for cell survival and to ensure proper functioning of the myocardium: mitochondria and the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Mitochondria are responsible for the energy metabolism of the myocardium, and regulate the processes that can lead to cell death. The sarcoplasmic reticulum preserves the physiological concentration of the calcium ion, and triggers processes to protect the structural and functional integrity of the proteins. The alterations of these organelles can damage myocardial functioning. A proper nutritional balance regarding the intake of macronutrients and micronutrients leads to a significant improvement in the symptoms and consequences of heart disease. In particular, the Mediterranean diet, characterized by a high consumption of plant-based foods, small quantities of red meat, and high quantities of olive oil, reduces and improves the pathological condition of patients with heart failure. In addition, nutritional support and nutraceutical supplementation in patients who develop heart failure can contribute to the protection of the failing myocardium. Since polyphenols have numerous beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, this review gathers what is known about the beneficial effects of polyphenol-rich bergamot fruit on the cardiovascular system. In particular, the role of bergamot polyphenols in mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic dysfunctions in diabetic cardiomyopathy is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Maiuolo
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Federica Scarano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Coppoletta
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lorenza Guarnieri
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Saverio Nucera
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Miriam Scicchitano
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Caterina Zito
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Macri
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Serra
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rocco Mollace
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- IRCCS San Raffaele, Via di Valcannuta 247, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Tavernese
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- IRC-FSH Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario di Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (J.M.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (F.S.); (A.R.C.); (L.G.); (S.N.); (M.S.); (F.B.); (S.R.); (M.C.Z.); (R.M.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (R.M.); (A.T.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l, Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele, Via di Valcannuta 247, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-327-475-8006
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9
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Pluijmert NJ, de Jong RCM, de Vries MR, Pettersson K, Atsma DE, Jukema JW, Quax PHA. Phosphorylcholine antibodies restrict infarct size and left ventricular remodelling by attenuating the unreperfused post-ischaemic inflammatory response. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7772-7782. [PMID: 34190404 PMCID: PMC8358891 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylcholine is a pro‐inflammatory epitope exposed on apoptotic cells, and phosphorylcholine monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies (PC‐mAb) have anti‐inflammatory properties. In this study, we hypothesize that PC‐mAb treatment reduces adverse cardiac remodelling and infarct size (IS) following unreperfused transmural myocardial infarction (MI). Unreperfused MI was induced by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in hypercholesterolaemic APOE*3‐Leiden mice. Three weeks following MI, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging showed a reduced LV end‐diastolic volume (EDV) by 21% and IS by 31% upon PC‐mAb treatment as compared to the vehicle control group. In addition, the LV fibrous content was decreased by 27% and LV wall thickness was better preserved by 47% as determined by histological analysis. Two days following MI, CCL2 concentrations, assessed by use of ELISA, were decreased by 81% and circulating monocytes by 64% as assessed by use of FACS analysis. Additionally, local leucocyte infiltration determined by immunohistological analysis showed a 62% decrease after three weeks. In conclusion, the local and systemic inflammatory responses are limited by PC‐mAb treatment resulting in restricted adverse cardiac remodelling and IS following unreperfused MI. This indicates that PC‐mAb holds promise as a therapeutic agent following MI limiting adverse cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niek J Pluijmert
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rob C M de Jong
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Margreet R de Vries
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Douwe E Atsma
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paul H A Quax
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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10
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Phosphorylcholine Antibodies Preserve Cardiac Function and Reduce Infarct Size by Attenuating the Post-Ischemic Inflammatory Response. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2020; 5:1228-1239. [PMID: 33426378 PMCID: PMC7775955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylcholine is a proinflammatory epitope exposed on the outer membrane of apoptotic cells. This study investigated the modulatory effects of a fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against phosphorylcholine (PC-mAb) on myocardial remodeling and cardiac function following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. PC-mAb attenuates the immediate post-ischemic inflammatory response by reducing the proinflammatory CCL2 chemokine and circulating Ly-6Chi monocytes. This subsequently enhances the post-ischemic repair process resulting in limited adverse cardiac remodeling and preservation of cardiac function. PC-mAb therapy may be a valid therapeutic approach against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Phosphorylcholine monoclonal immunoglobulin G antibody attenuates the immediate post-ischemic inflammatory response by reducing the proinflammatory chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 chemokine and circulating Ly-6Chi monocytes. This subsequently enhances the post-ischemic repair process, resulting in limited adverse cardiac remodeling and preservation of cardiac function. Therefore, phosphorylcholine monoclonal immunoglobulin G antibody therapy may be a valid therapeutic approach against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Key Words
- CCL2, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2
- CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance
- EDV, end-diastolic volume
- EF, ejection fraction
- ESV, end-systolic volume
- IS, infarct size
- Ig, immunoglobulin
- LV, left ventricular/ventricle
- MI, myocardial infarction
- MI-R, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion
- PC, phosphorylcholine
- PC-mAb, phosphorylcholine monoclonal immunoglobulin G antibody
- cardiac function
- infarct size
- inflammation
- myocardial infarction
- myocardial ischemia-reperfusion
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11
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Golforoush P, Yellon DM, Davidson SM. Mouse models of atherosclerosis and their suitability for the study of myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:73. [PMID: 33258000 PMCID: PMC7704510 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-00829-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaques impair vascular function and can lead to arterial obstruction and tissue ischaemia. Rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque within a coronary artery can result in an acute myocardial infarction, which is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Prompt reperfusion can salvage some of the ischaemic territory, but ischaemia and reperfusion (IR) still causes substantial injury and is, therefore, a therapeutic target for further infarct limitation. Numerous cardioprotective strategies have been identified that can limit IR injury in animal models, but none have yet been translated effectively to patients. This disconnect prompts an urgent re-examination of the experimental models used to study IR. Since coronary atherosclerosis is the most prevalent morbidity in this patient population, and impairs coronary vessel function, it is potentially a major confounder in cardioprotective studies. Surprisingly, most studies suggest that atherosclerosis does not have a major impact on cardioprotection in mouse models. However, a major limitation of atherosclerotic animal models is that the plaques usually manifest in the aorta and proximal great vessels, and rarely in the coronary vessels. In this review, we examine the commonly used mouse models of atherosclerosis and their effect on coronary artery function and infarct size. We conclude that none of the commonly used strains of mice are ideal for this purpose; however, more recently developed mouse models of atherosclerosis fulfil the requirement for coronary artery lesions, plaque rupture and lipoprotein patterns resembling the human profile, and may enable the identification of therapeutic interventions more applicable in the clinical setting.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aortic Diseases/complications
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/complications
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Coronary Artery Disease/complications
- Coronary Artery Disease/genetics
- Coronary Artery Disease/metabolism
- Coronary Artery Disease/pathology
- Diet, High-Fat
- Disease Models, Animal
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Myocardial Infarction/etiology
- Myocardial Infarction/genetics
- Myocardial Infarction/metabolism
- Myocardial Infarction/pathology
- Myocardium/pathology
- Phenotype
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Receptors, LDL/deficiency
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Rupture, Spontaneous
- Scavenger Receptors, Class B/deficiency
- Scavenger Receptors, Class B/genetics
- Species Specificity
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Golforoush
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Derek M Yellon
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK.
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12
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Andreadou I, Tsoumani M, Vilahur G, Ikonomidis I, Badimon L, Varga ZV, Ferdinandy P, Schulz R. PCSK9 in Myocardial Infarction and Cardioprotection: Importance of Lipid Metabolism and Inflammation. Front Physiol 2020; 11:602497. [PMID: 33262707 PMCID: PMC7688516 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.602497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive evidence from epidemiologic, genetic, and clinical intervention studies has indisputably shown that elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations play a central role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Apart from LDL-C, also triglycerides independently modulate cardiovascular risk. Reduction of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has emerged as a therapeutic target for reducing plasma LDL-C, but it is also associated with a reduction in triglyceride levels potentially through modulation of the expression of free fatty acid transporters. Preclinical data indicate that PCSK9 is up-regulated in the ischaemic heart and decreasing PCSK9 expression impacts on infarct size, post infarct inflammation and remodeling as well as cardiac dysfunction following ischaemia/reperfusion. Clinical data support that notion in that PCSK9 inhibition is associated with reductions in the incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke, and coronary revascularization and an improvement of endothelial function in subjects with increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of the current review is to summarize the current knowledge on the importance of free fatty acid metabolism on myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury and to provide an update on recent evidence on the role of hyperlipidemia and PCSK9 in myocardial infarction and cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Tsoumani
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignatios Ikonomidis
- Second Cardiology Department, Attikon Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Research Chair, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona Spain
| | - Zoltán V Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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13
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Effects on cardiac function, remodeling and inflammation following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury or unreperfused myocardial infarction in hypercholesterolemic APOE*3-Leiden mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16601. [PMID: 33024178 PMCID: PMC7538581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73608-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Many novel therapies to treat myocardial infarction (MI), yielding promising results in animal models, nowadays failed in clinical trials for several reasons. The most used animal MI model is based on permanent ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in healthy mice resulting in transmural MI, while in clinical practice reperfusion is usually accomplished by primary percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) limiting myocardial damage and inducing myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (MI-R) injury. To evaluate a more similar murine MI model we compared MI-R injury to unreperfused MI in hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein (APO)E*3-Leiden mice regarding effects on cardiac function, left ventricular (LV) remodeling and inflammation. Both MI-R and MI resulted in significant LV dilation and impaired cardiac function after 3 weeks. Although LV dilation, displayed by end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic volumes (ESV), and infarct size (IS) were restricted following MI-R compared to MI (respectively by 27.6% for EDV, 39.5% ESV, 36.0% IS), cardiac function was not preserved. LV-wall thinning was limited with non-transmural LV fibrosis in the MI-R group (66.7%). Two days after inducing myocardial ischemia, local leucocyte infiltration in the infarct area was decreased following MI-R compared to MI (36.6%), whereas systemic circulating monocytes were increased in both groups compared to sham (130.0% following MI-R and 120.0% after MI). Both MI-R and MI models against the background of a hypercholesterolemic phenotype appear validated experimental models, however reduced infarct size, restricted LV remodeling as well as a different distributed inflammatory response following MI-R resemble the contemporary clinical outcome regarding primary PCI more accurately which potentially provides better predictive value of experimental therapies in successive clinical trials.
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14
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Xie J, Yan X, Xu G, Tian X, Dong N, Feng J, Liu P, Li M, Zhao Y, Wei C, Lyu Y, Ma G, Song G, Wang T, Yan X. ITRAQ-based proteomics reveals the potential mechanism of fluoride-induced myocardial contraction function damage. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 197:110605. [PMID: 32311614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fluorosis is a worldwide public health problem, and its adverse effects on the heart have been confirmed by many studies. Abnormal myocardial contractions are often associated with impairment of cardiac function as a cause or consequence. We designed two-part experiments to search for biomarkers and clarify the underlying molecular mechanism of fluoride on myocardial contraction. First, we used Pressure-volume Loop analysis to evaluate changes in myocardial function indexes with multiple fluoride exposure levels in mice (0, 30, 70, and 150 mg/L) exposed for 4 weeks. The results showed that fluoride exposure affects the heart pump function and reduces cardiac contractility. Then, we established a rat model of fluoride exposure (0, 30, 60, and 90 mg/L) for 6 months to carry out proteomic analysis of fluoride-induced myocardial contractile injury. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was used to determine the severity of myocardial injury, and myocardial tissue samples were submitted for isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (ITRAQ) analysis. A total of 1607 proteins were successfully identified with 294 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in fluoride treated groups. According to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, 12 DEPs were confirmed to be involved in pathways related to myocardial contraction. Furthermore, we constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for these 12 core DEPs to illustrate the role and location of each DEP in the myocardial contraction pathway. The results of this study are helpful for identify a potential mechanism and biomarkers of fluoride-induced myocardial contraction function damage, moreover, which can provide a new insight into the heart toxicity of fluoride in animals at the proteomics level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Xie
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiaoting Yan
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Human Disease Animal Models, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiaolin Tian
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China; School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Nisha Dong
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Human Disease Animal Models, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Penghui Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yannan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Cailing Wei
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yi Lyu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Guijin Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Guohua Song
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Human Disease Animal Models, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yan
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.
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