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Bae K, Park SS, Kang MS. Impact of social distancing on traumatic injury incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic: A study using nationwide data from South Korea from 2018 to 2020. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2024; 110:103571. [PMID: 36754170 PMCID: PMC9901220 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2023.103571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 spread rapidly in 2020. To decrease its transmission rate, governments worldwide implemented social distancing. It has transformed people's physical and social activities. Such changes, differently influenced by age, might affect the incidence of traumatic injury. HYPOTHESIS The impact of social distancing on traumatic injuries can influence differently by age. PATIENTS AND METHODS Nationwide randomized stratified sampling data (2018 to 2020, 1 million people per year) from Korean National Health Insurance Sharing Service were used. In this period, 364,690 patients with traumatic injuries were analyzed. People were grouped by age into 0-4, 5-19, 20-64, and≥65years. The incidence of traumatic injuries was compared between periods of social distancing and no social distancing. Social distancing levels, injured body parts, injury types, hospitalization rate, total medical cost per patient, weather, temperature, and holidays were also included for detailed analysis. RESULTS Only the 5-19 age group showed the significant interaction of social distancing and traumatic injury. In this group, as the social distancing level increased, the injury incidence decreased especially during the spring and autumn semesters. However, the proportion of injuries requiring hospitalization and total medical cost per patient increased. DISCUSSION Social distancing significantly affects the incidence of traumatic injuries for schooler (5-19years). Considering that the incidence changed during these semesters, the restriction of school attendance, due to social distancing, may have caused the decrease. Reduced trauma in this group seems to be related to decrease of mild trauma, considering the hospitalization rate and total medical costs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III, retrospective cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhyung Bae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, 04763 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Sung Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro, 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael Seungcheol Kang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro, 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim H, Song KJ, Hong KJ, Park JH, Kim TH, Lee SGW. Effects of Transport to Trauma Centers on Survival Outcomes Among Severe Trauma Patients in Korea: Nationwide Age-Stratified Analysis. J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39:e60. [PMID: 38374629 PMCID: PMC10876434 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies showed that the prognosis for severe trauma patients is better after transport to trauma centers compared to non-trauma centers. However, the benefit from transport to trauma centers may differ according to age group. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of transport to trauma centers on survival outcomes in different age groups among severe trauma patients in Korea. METHODS Cross-sectional study using Korean national emergency medical service (EMS) based severe trauma registry in 2018-2019 was conducted. EMS-treated trauma patients whose injury severity score was above or equal to 16, and who were not out-of-hospital cardiac arrest or death on arrival were included. Patients were classified into 3 groups: pediatrics (age < 19), working age (age 19-65), and elderly (age > 65). The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of trauma center transport on outcome after adjusting of age, sex, comorbidity, mechanism of injury, Revised Trauma Score, and Injury Severity Score. All analysis was stratified according to the age group, and subgroup analysis for traumatic brain injury was also conducted. RESULTS Overall, total of 10,511 patients were included in the study, and the number of patients in each age group were 488 in pediatrics, 6,812 in working age, and 3,211 in elderly, respectively. The adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) of trauma center transport on in-hospital mortality from were 0.76 (95% CI, 0.43-1.32) in pediatrics, 0.78 (95% CI, 0.68-0.90) in working age, 0.71(95% CI, 0.60-0.85) in elderly, respectively. In subgroup analysis of traumatic brain injury, the benefit from trauma center transport was observed only in elderly group. CONCLUSION We found out trauma centers showed better clinical outcomes for adult and elderly groups, excluding the pediatric group than non-trauma centers. Further research is warranted to evaluate and develop the response system for pediatric severe trauma patients in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakrim Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Jun Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Hospital Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Ki Jeong Hong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Han Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Hospital Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Stephen Gyung Won Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Hospital Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
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Nunez C, Eslick GD, Elliott EJ. Trampoline centre injuries in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Inj Prev 2022; 28:440-445. [PMID: 35697515 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2022-044530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT No evidence-based review has compared injury risks sustained on trampolines at home and in trampoline centres. OBJECTIVE To present pooled results for injury type, site and treatment from studies reporting injuries that occurred on trampolines at home and in trampoline centres. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar and Embase databases were searched to 31 December 2021. STUDY SELECTION Inclusion criteria: (1) assessment of trampoline injuries (home and trampoline centres); (2) children and adolescents; (3) the point estimate was reported as an odds ratio (OR); and (4) an internal comparison was used. DATA EXTRACTION Data were reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A random-effects model was used to estimate effect. RESULTS There were 1 386 843 injuries (n=11 studies). There was an increased likelihood of musculoskeletal and/or orthopaedic injuries (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.66 to 3.61, p<0.001), lower extremity injury (OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.99 to 3.97, p<0.001), sprains (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.36 to 1.97, p<0.001) and a need for surgery (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.60, p<0.001) at trampoline centres compared with home trampolines. Conversely, upper extremity injury (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.95, p=0.03), concussion (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.65, p<0.001) and lacerations (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.59, p<0.001) were less likely to occur at trampoline centres than at home. CONCLUSIONS Children using trampoline centres are more likely to suffer severe trauma and require surgical intervention than children using home trampolines. Development and implementation of preventative strategies, public awareness, and mandatory safety standards are urgently required for trampoline centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Nunez
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia .,The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit, The Sydney Children's Hospital Network (Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guy D Eslick
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit, The Sydney Children's Hospital Network (Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J Elliott
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit, The Sydney Children's Hospital Network (Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Kim NT, Kwon SS, Park MS, Lee KM, Sung KH. National Trends in Pediatric CT Scans in South Korea: A Nationwide Cohort Study. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF RADIOLOGY 2022; 83:138-148. [PMID: 36237356 PMCID: PMC9238215 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2021.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study evaluated the rates and annual trends of pediatric CT scans in South Korea using a nationwide population-based database. Materials and Methods Data regarding pediatric CT scan usage between 2012 and 2017 were retrieved from the health insurance review and assessment service. Data on the age, sex, diagnosis, and the anatomical area of involved patients were also extracted. Results A total of 576376 CT examinations were performed among 58527528 children aged below 18 years (9.8 scans/1000 children), and the number of CT examinations per 1000 children was noted to have increased by 23.2% from 9.0 in 2012 to 11.0 in 2017. Specifically, the number of CT examinations increased by 32.9% for the 6–12 years of age group (7.4/1000 to 9.8/1000) and by 34.0% for the 13–18 years of age group (11.4/1000 to 15.3/1000). Moreover, majority of the CT scans were limited to the head (39.1%), followed by the extremities (32.5%) and the abdomen (13.7%). Notably, the number of extremity CT scans increased by 83.6% (2.3/1000 to 4.2/1000), and its proportion as compared to other scans increased from 25.3% to 37.7%. Conclusion CT scans in the pediatric population increased continuously from 2012 to 2017 at an annual rate of 4.4%. Therefore, physicians should balance the benefits of CT with its potential harms from associated radiation exposure in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nak Tscheol Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Soon-Sun Kwon
- Department of Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Moon Seok Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ki Hyuk Sung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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Bae K, Park SS, Park J, Kang MS. Analysis of Tertiary Hospital Utilization in Pediatric Orthopaedics: a Study Using Nationwide Sample Data from Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2021; 36:e289. [PMID: 34811973 PMCID: PMC8608919 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the Korean medical system, the severity classification for a specific disease depends primarily on its nationwide admission rate in tertiary hospitals. Inversely, one of the important designation criteria for a tertiary hospital is the hospital's treatment ratio of patients classified as having a specific severe disease. Most diseases requiring pediatric orthopaedic surgery (POS) are not currently classified as high severity in terms of disease severity. We investigated the admission rates for the representative POS diseases in tertiary hospitals and compared these rates with those for adult orthopaedic surgery (AOS) diseases. METHODS Seven POS diagnoses and three AOS diagnoses were selected based on frequency of admission. Nationwide sample data were used to investigate the admission rates for these representative diagnoses from 2008 to 2017. RESULTS Six of the seven frequent POS diagnoses presented high admission rates in tertiary hospitals (62.5-92.3%). In contrast, all frequent AOS diagnoses presented low admission rates in tertiary hospitals. CONCLUSION The admission rates of frequent POS diagnoses in tertiary hospitals are high. Considering that these rates are the most important factors for the classification of disease severity, POS diseases seem to be underestimated in terms of severity. This may lead to a tendency for tertiary hospitals to intentionally reduce the admission of children with POS diseases. As a result, these children may not receive appropriate professional care. Therefore, for the disease severity, POS diseases should be classified differently from general AOS diseases by using different criteria reflecting the patient's age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhyung Bae
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Sung Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinhee Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Michael Seungcheol Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Hwang IY, Park J, Park SS, Yang J, Kang MS. Injury Characteristics and Predisposing Effects of Various Outdoor Traumatic Situations in Children and Adolescents. Clin Orthop Surg 2021; 13:423-435. [PMID: 34484636 PMCID: PMC8380528 DOI: 10.4055/cios20242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroud Many studies have reported injury characteristics of individual traumatic situations. However, a comparative analysis of specific risks is meaningful to better understand injury characteristics and help establish injury-prevention measures. This study was conducted to investigate and compare injury characteristics in children and adolescents by various outdoor traumatic situations. Methods Outdoor traumatic situations were determined and classified into physical activity-related injury (n = 3,983) and pedestrian (n = 784) and passenger (n = 1,757) injuries in traffic accidents. Home injury (n = 16,121) was used as the control group. Then, the characteristics of each outdoor trauma were compared with 1:1 matched indoor trauma (among home injuries); each outdoor traumatic situation's predisposing risk for the injured body part, injury type, and injury severity were analyzed; and changes by age of frequency ranking among physical activity-related injuries were investigated. Results Outdoor trauma showed higher risks for limb injuries (injured body part), fracture and muscle/tendon injuries (injury type), and severe injuries (severity) than indoor trauma. Various outdoor traumatic situations presented different predisposing effects on injury characteristics. Among physical activity-related injuries, bicycle injury was commonest across all ages, and playing activities were common causes for injury for individuals of age < 9 years, whereas sports activities overwhelmed the common causes thereafter. Conclusions The findings would help to better understand the specific injury risk of various outdoor traumatic situations and may potentially facilitate the establishment of more effective injury-prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Yeong Hwang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Jinhee Park
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Sung Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinseok Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Michael Seungcheol Kang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Marson BA, Manning JC, James M, Ikram A, Bryson DJ, Ollivere BJ. Trends in hospital admissions for childhood fractures in England. BMJ Paediatr Open 2021; 5:e001187. [PMID: 34786491 PMCID: PMC8587381 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fractures to the axial and appendicular skeleton are common in children causing loss of opportunities and disability. There are relatively few studies available to quantify the number of children who have their fractures diagnosed in the emergency department and are then admitted to hospital for ongoing management. The purpose of this study is to explore trends of frequency, types and age of children sustaining fractures who were admitted for intervention to National Health Service (NHS) hospitals. DESIGN The study uses data from the Hospital Episode Statistics and Office for National Statistics from 2012 to 2019 to calculate the annual incidence of hospital admission for limb, spine, facial and skull fractures per 100 000 children. RESULTS During 2012-2019, 368 120 children were admitted to English NHS hospitals with a fracture. 256 008 (69.5%) were upper limb fractures, 85 737 (23.3%) were lower limb fractures and 20 939 (5.7%) were skull or facial fractures. The annual incidence of upper limb fractures was highest in children aged 5-9 (348.3 per 100 000 children) and the highest incidence of lower limb fractures was in children aged 10-15 (126.5 per 100 000 children). The incidence of skull and facial fractures in preschool (age 0-4) children has been increasing at a rate of 0.629 per 100 000 children per year. IMPLICATIONS The annual incidence of hospital admission for fractures in children has been shown to be consistent for several fracture types between 2012 and 2019. An increasing trend of admissions with preschool skull fractures was observed, though the study data do not have sufficient granularity to demonstrate if this is due to changes in practice or to accidental or non-accidental causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Arthur Marson
- Orthopaedics and Trauma, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK
| | - Joseph C Manning
- Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.,Children and Young People Health Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Marilyn James
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK
| | - Adeel Ikram
- Orthopaedics and Trauma, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK
| | - David J Bryson
- Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Benjamin J Ollivere
- Orthopaedics and Trauma, University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK
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Seah PZ, Chee JNZH, Feng JXY, Ting YS, Chong SL. Risk Stratification of Paediatric Sports Injuries Seen at a Tertiary Hospital. ANNALS OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, SINGAPORE 2020; 49:955-962. [PMID: 33463653 DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we described paediatric sports injuries seen in the paediatric emergency department of a large, tertiary paediatric hospital in Singapore and evaluated risk factors for severe sports injuries. METHODS This is a retrospective review of a paediatric trauma surveillance registry from February 2012 to October 2017, including patient demographics, type of sports, circumstances, type of injuries, and clinical management in the hospital. Patients 5 to 17 years old with a sports-related injury were included. We performed logistic regression to identify predictors of severe sports injuries (defined by Injury Severity Score of ≥9), injuries requiring hospitalisation, trauma team activation, resuscitation, or those that resulted in death. RESULTS Among 10,951 patients analysed, the most common injuries sustained were fractures (4,819, 44.0%), sprains and contusions (3,334, 30.4%). For patients with severe injuries, the median length of hospital stay was 2 days (IQR 1-3 days), and time away from sports was 162 days (IQR 104-182 days). Predictors for severe injuries include transportation by emergency medical service (aOR 6.346, 95% CI 5.147-7.823), involvement in rugby (aOR 2.067, 95% CI 1.446-2.957), neurological injuries (aOR 4.585, 95% CI 2.393-4.365), dislocations (aOR 2.779, 95% CI 1.744-4.427), fractures (aOR 1.438, 95% CI 1.039-1.990), injuries to the head and neck (aOR 2.274, 95% CI 1.184-4.365), and injuries to the abdomen and pelvis (aOR 5.273, 95% CI 3.225-8.623). CONCLUSION Predictors for severe sports injuries identified may aid in risk stratification and resource allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhen Seah
- Department of Emergency Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
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Choi IC, Park JW, Jung JY, Kim DK, Kwak YH, Suh D, Lee SU. Pediatric Injuries in Kids Cafés and Risk Factors for Significant Injuries: a 6-Year Cross-Sectional Study Using a Multicenter Injury Registry in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2020; 35:e37. [PMID: 32056399 PMCID: PMC7025906 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A kids café is a popular indoor playground in Korea that combines a playground for young children and a café for their caregivers. There have been no national reports about kids café-related injuries in Korea. This study investigated kids café-related injuries in Korea registered in a multicenter injury surveillance database and analyzed the risk factors for significant kids café-related injuries. METHODS A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed using the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance registry in Korea between 2011 and 2016. Significant injury was defined as an injury requiring hospitalization or surgery. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to obtain the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for factors associated with significant kids café-related injuries. RESULTS Among 1,537,617 injured patients, we extracted 891 patients who were injured in kids cafés. Of these, 46 (5.2%) were admitted, and 39 (4.4%) underwent surgery. The most common injured anatomical site, injury type, and mechanism were lower extremity (28.2%), superficial injury (27.2%), and slip (27.1%), respectively. Among injury-inducing factors, significant injuries were most commonly caused by a trampoline (28.1%), and rock climbing equipment was the only risk factor in a kids café that led to significant injury after adjusting for age, sex, injury mechanism, and injured anatomical sites (aOR, 14.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.51-147.72). CONCLUSION The rock climbing equipment in a kids café can cause serious injury to children. Establishing safety regulations for rock climbing equipment in kids cafés may have the greatest impact in reducing significant injuries requiring hospitalization or surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik Chang Choi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joong Wan Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jae Yun Jung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Kyun Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ho Kwak
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dongbum Suh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Se Uk Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Hwang JY. Radiological Manifestations of Childhood Fractures. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF RADIOLOGY 2020; 81:806-831. [PMID: 36238174 PMCID: PMC9432199 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2020.81.4.806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
근골격계의 외상은 소아가 응급실로 내원하는 가장 흔한 원인 중에 하나이다. 소아에서 뼈는 아직 완전히 골화가 되지 않았기 때문에 불완전 골절(소성변형, 생나무 골절, 죔쇠 골절)과 같이 성인과는 다른 영상의학적 특성을 보이기도 하며, 성장판의 손상으로 인해 성장 장애를 유발하기도 한다. 소아는 연령에 따라서 활동 범위나 활동 양상이 다르기 때문에 분만 손상에서부터 낙상, 교통사고에 이르기까지 다양한 기전에 의해서 골절이 발생하며, 각각의 손상 기전에 따라 특징적인 골절의 발생 부위 및 골절의 형태를 보이기도 한다. 본 종설에서는 소아의 다양한 근골격계 외상 중 소아에서 흔하게 볼 수 있는 사지 골절의 영상의학적 특성에 대해서 고찰해보고자 한다.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Yeon Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
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