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Erlenbach TR, Wares JP. Latitudinal variation and plasticity in response to temperature in Geukensia demissa. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9856. [PMID: 36844674 PMCID: PMC9951329 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As global temperatures warm, species must adapt to a changing climate or transition to a different location suitable for their survival. Understanding the extent to which species are able to do so, particularly keystone species, is imperative to ensuring the survival of key ecosystems. The ribbed mussel Geukensia demissa is an integral part of salt marshes along the Atlantic coast of North America. Spatial patterns of genomic and phenotypic divergence have been previously documented, although their link with coastal environmental variation is unknown. Here, we study how populations of G. demissa in the northern (Massachusetts) and southern (Georgia) portions of the species range respond to changes in temperature. We combine assays of variation in oxygen consumption and RNA transcriptomic data with genomic divergence analyses to identify how separate populations of G. demissa may vary in distinct thermal environments. Our results show differences in constitutive oxygen consumption between mussels from Georgia and Massachusetts, as well as shared and disparate patterns of gene expression across temperature profiles. We also find that metabolic genes seem to be a strong component of divergence between these two populations. Our analysis highlights the importance of studying integrative patterns of genomic and phenotypic variation in species that are key for particular ecosystems, and how they might respond to further changes in climate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John P. Wares
- Department of GeneticsUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Odum School of EcologyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
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2
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Kiemel K, Gurke M, Paraskevopoulou S, Havenstein K, Weithoff G, Tiedemann R. Variation in heat shock protein 40 kDa relates to divergence in thermotolerance among cryptic rotifer species. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22626. [PMID: 36587065 PMCID: PMC9805463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27137-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic divergence and the frequency of hybridization are central for defining species delimitations, especially among cryptic species where morphological differences are merely absent. Rotifers are known for their high cryptic diversity and therefore are ideal model organisms to investigate such patterns. Here, we used the recently resolved Brachionus calyciflorus species complex to investigate whether previously observed between species differences in thermotolerance and gene expression are also reflected in their genomic footprint. We identified a Heat Shock Protein gene (HSP 40 kDa) which exhibits cross species pronounced sequence variation. This gene exhibits species-specific fixed sites, alleles, and sites putatively under positive selection. These sites are located in protein binding regions involved in chaperoning and may therefore reflect adaptive diversification. By comparing three genetic markers (ITS, COI, HSP 40 kDa), we revealed hybridization events between the cryptic species. The low frequency of introgressive haplotypes/alleles suggest a tight, but not fully impermeable boundary between the cryptic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Kiemel
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - M. Gurke
- grid.422371.10000 0001 2293 9957Museum für Naturkunde – Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany ,grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Department of Biology, Humboldt-University, Invalidenstraße 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Paraskevopoulou
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Department of Biology, Lund University, Microbiology Group, Sölvegatan 35, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - K. Havenstein
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - G. Weithoff
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Unit of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - R. Tiedemann
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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3
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Kiemel K, De Cahsan B, Paraskevopoulou S, Weithoff G, Tiedemann R. Mitochondrial genomes of the freshwater monogonont rotifer Brachionus fernandoi and of two additional B. calyciflorus sensu stricto lineages from Germany and the USA (Rotifera, Brachionidae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2022; 7:646-648. [PMID: 35478860 PMCID: PMC9037189 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2022.2060765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. Kiemel
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - B. De Cahsan
- GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S. Paraskevopoulou
- School of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - G. Weithoff
- Unit of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - R. Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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4
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Rinkevich B, Ballarin L, Martinez P, Somorjai I, Ben‐Hamo O, Borisenko I, Berezikov E, Ereskovsky A, Gazave E, Khnykin D, Manni L, Petukhova O, Rosner A, Röttinger E, Spagnuolo A, Sugni M, Tiozzo S, Hobmayer B. A pan-metazoan concept for adult stem cells: the wobbling Penrose landscape. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2022; 97:299-325. [PMID: 34617397 PMCID: PMC9292022 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Adult stem cells (ASCs) in vertebrates and model invertebrates (e.g. Drosophila melanogaster) are typically long-lived, lineage-restricted, clonogenic and quiescent cells with somatic descendants and tissue/organ-restricted activities. Such ASCs are mostly rare, morphologically undifferentiated, and undergo asymmetric cell division. Characterized by 'stemness' gene expression, they can regulate tissue/organ homeostasis, repair and regeneration. By contrast, analysis of other animal phyla shows that ASCs emerge at different life stages, present both differentiated and undifferentiated phenotypes, and may possess amoeboid movement. Usually pluri/totipotent, they may express germ-cell markers, but often lack germ-line sequestering, and typically do not reside in discrete niches. ASCs may constitute up to 40% of animal cells, and participate in a range of biological phenomena, from whole-body regeneration, dormancy, and agametic asexual reproduction, to indeterminate growth. They are considered legitimate units of selection. Conceptualizing this divergence, we present an alternative stemness metaphor to the Waddington landscape: the 'wobbling Penrose' landscape. Here, totipotent ASCs adopt ascending/descending courses of an 'Escherian stairwell', in a lifelong totipotency pathway. ASCs may also travel along lower stemness echelons to reach fully differentiated states. However, from any starting state, cells can change their stemness status, underscoring their dynamic cellular potencies. Thus, vertebrate ASCs may reflect just one metazoan ASC archetype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baruch Rinkevich
- Israel Oceanographic & Limnological ResearchNational Institute of OceanographyPOB 9753, Tel ShikmonaHaifa3109701Israel
| | - Loriano Ballarin
- Department of BiologyUniversity of PadovaVia Ugo Bassi 58/BPadova35121Italy
| | - Pedro Martinez
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i EstadísticaUniversitat de BarcelonaAv. Diagonal 643Barcelona08028Spain
- Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)Passeig Lluís Companys 23Barcelona08010Spain
| | - Ildiko Somorjai
- School of BiologyUniversity of St AndrewsSt Andrews, FifeKY16 9ST, ScotlandUK
| | - Oshrat Ben‐Hamo
- Israel Oceanographic & Limnological ResearchNational Institute of OceanographyPOB 9753, Tel ShikmonaHaifa3109701Israel
| | - Ilya Borisenko
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of BiologySaint‐Petersburg State UniversityUniversity Embankment, 7/9Saint‐Petersburg199034Russia
| | - Eugene Berezikov
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 1Groningen9713 AVThe Netherlands
| | - Alexander Ereskovsky
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of BiologySaint‐Petersburg State UniversityUniversity Embankment, 7/9Saint‐Petersburg199034Russia
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, Avignon UniversityJardin du Pharo, 58 Boulevard Charles LivonMarseille13007France
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of SciencesUlitsa Vavilova, 26Moscow119334Russia
| | - Eve Gazave
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Institut Jacques MonodParisF‐75006France
| | - Denis Khnykin
- Department of PathologyOslo University HospitalBygg 19, Gaustad Sykehus, Sognsvannsveien 21Oslo0188Norway
| | - Lucia Manni
- Department of BiologyUniversity of PadovaVia Ugo Bassi 58/BPadova35121Italy
| | - Olga Petukhova
- Collection of Vertebrate Cell CulturesInstitute of Cytology, Russian Academy of SciencesTikhoretsky Ave. 4St. Petersburg194064Russia
| | - Amalia Rosner
- Israel Oceanographic & Limnological ResearchNational Institute of OceanographyPOB 9753, Tel ShikmonaHaifa3109701Israel
| | - Eric Röttinger
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN)Nice06107France
- Université Côte d'Azur, Federative Research Institute – Marine Resources (IFR MARRES)28 Avenue de ValroseNice06103France
| | - Antonietta Spagnuolo
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine OrganismsStazione Zoologica Anton DohrnVilla ComunaleNaples80121Italy
| | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy (ESP)Università degli Studi di MilanoVia Celoria 26Milan20133Italy
| | - Stefano Tiozzo
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche‐sur‐mer (LBDV)06234 Villefranche‐sur‐MerVillefranche sur MerCedexFrance
| | - Bert Hobmayer
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of InnsbruckTechnikerstrInnsbruck256020Austria
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Gribble KE. Brachionus rotifers as a model for investigating dietary and metabolic regulators of aging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 6:1-15. [PMID: 33709041 PMCID: PMC7903245 DOI: 10.3233/nha-200104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Because every species has unique attributes relevant to understanding specific aspects of aging, using a diversity of study systems and a comparative biology approach for aging research has the potential to lead to novel discoveries applicable to human health. Monogonont rotifers, a standard model for studies of aquatic ecology, evolutionary biology, and ecotoxicology, have also been used to study lifespan and healthspan for nearly a century. However, because much of this work has been published in the ecology and evolutionary biology literature, it may not be known to the biomedical research community. In this review, we provide an overview of Brachionus rotifers as a model to investigate nutritional and metabolic regulators of aging, with a focus on recent studies of dietary and metabolic pathway manipulation. Rotifers are microscopic, aquatic invertebrates with many advantages as a system for studying aging, including a two-week lifespan, easy laboratory culture, direct development without a larval stage, sexual and asexual reproduction, easy delivery of pharmaceuticals in liquid culture, and transparency allowing imaging of cellular morphology and processes. Rotifers have greater gene homology with humans than do established invertebrate models for aging, and thus rotifers may be used to investigate novel genetic mechanisms relevant to human lifespan and healthspan. The research on caloric restriction; dietary, pharmaceutical, and genetic interventions; and transcriptomics of aging using rotifers provide insights into the metabolic regulators of lifespan and health and suggest future directions for aging research. Capitalizing on the unique biology of Brachionus rotifers, referencing the vast existing literature about the influence of diet and drugs on rotifer lifespan and health, continuing the development of genetic tools for rotifers, and growing the rotifer research community will lead to new discoveries a better understanding of the biology of aging.
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Temperature-dependent life history and transcriptomic responses in heat-tolerant versus heat-sensitive Brachionus rotifers. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13281. [PMID: 32764662 PMCID: PMC7411042 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal stress response is an essential physiological trait that determines occurrence and temporal succession in nature, including response to climate change. We compared temperature-related demography in closely related heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive Brachionus rotifer species. We found significant differences in heat response, with the heat-sensitive species adopting a strategy of long survival and low population growth, while the heat-tolerant followed the opposite strategy. In both species, we examined the genetic basis of physiological variation by comparing gene expression across increasing temperatures. Comparative transcriptomic analyses identified shared and opposing responses to heat. Interestingly, expression of heat shock proteins (hsps) was strikingly different in the two species and mirrored differences in population growth rates, showing that hsp genes are likely a key component of a species' adaptation to different temperatures. Temperature induction caused opposing patterns of expression in further functional categories including energy, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and in genes related to ribosomal proteins. In the heat-sensitive species, elevated temperatures caused up-regulation of genes related to meiosis induction and post-translational histone modifications. This work demonstrates the sweeping reorganizations of biological functions that accompany temperature adaptation in these two species and reveals potential molecular mechanisms that might be activated for adaptation to global warming.
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Schälicke S, Heim S, Martin-Creuzburg D, Wacker A. Inter- and intraspecific differences in rotifer fatty acid composition during acclimation to low-quality food. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190644. [PMID: 32536305 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochemical food quality constraints affect the performance of consumers and mediate trait variation among and within consumer species. To assess inter- and intraspecific differences in fatty acid retention and conversion in freshwater rotifers, we provided four strains of two closely related rotifer species, Brachionus calyciflorus sensu stricto and Brachionus fernandoi, with food algae differing in their fatty acid composition. The rotifers grazed for 5 days on either Nannochloropsis limnetica or Monoraphidium minutum, two food algae with distinct polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) profiles, before the diets were switched to PUFA-free Synechococcus elongatus, which was provided for three more days. We found between- and within-species differences in rotifer fatty acid compositions on the respective food sources and, in particular, highly specific acclimation reactions to the PUFA-free diet. The different reactions indicate inter- but also intraspecific differences in physiological traits, such as PUFA retention, allocation and bioconversion capacities, within the genus Brachionus that are most likely accompanied by differences in their nutritional demands. Our data suggest that biochemical food quality constraints act differently on traits of closely related species and of strains of a particular species and thus might be involved in shaping ecological interactions and evolutionary processes. This article is part of the theme issue 'The next horizons for lipids as 'trophic biomarkers': evidence and significance of consumer modification of dietary fatty acids'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Schälicke
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Silvia Heim
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Wacker
- Animal Ecology Group, Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Loitzer Strasse 26, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
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Schälicke S, Teubner J, Martin-Creuzburg D, Wacker A. Fitness response variation within and among consumer species can be co-mediated by food quantity and biochemical quality. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16126. [PMID: 31695099 PMCID: PMC6834596 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52538-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In natural heterogeneous environments, the fitness of animals is strongly influenced by the availability and composition of food. Food quantity and biochemical quality constraints may affect individual traits of consumers differently, mediating fitness response variation within and among species. Using a multifactorial experimental approach, we assessed population growth rate, fecundity, and survival of six strains of the two closely related freshwater rotifer species Brachionus calyciflorus sensu stricto and Brachionus fernandoi. Therefore, rotifers fed low and high concentrations of three algal species differing in their biochemical food quality. Additionally, we explored the potential of a single limiting biochemical nutrient to mediate variations in population growth response. Therefore, rotifers fed a sterol-free alga, which we supplemented with cholesterol-containing liposomes. Co-limitation by food quantity and biochemical food quality resulted in differences in population growth rates among strains, but not between species, although effects on fecundity and survival differed between species. The effect of cholesterol supplementation on population growth was strain-specific but not species-specific. We show that fitness response variations within and among species can be mediated by biochemical food quality. Dietary constraints thus may act as evolutionary drivers on physiological traits of consumers, which may have strong implications for various ecological interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Schälicke
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, D-14469, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Johannes Teubner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, D-14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Wacker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, D-14469, Potsdam, Germany
- Animal Ecology group, Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Loitzer Str. 26, D-17489, Greifswald, Germany
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