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Sun T, Mei N, Su Y, Shan S, Qian W, Li M, Zhang Z. Mendelian randomization combined with multi-omics explores the relationship between heart failure and cancer. J Cancer 2024; 15:2928-2939. [PMID: 38706896 PMCID: PMC11064263 DOI: 10.7150/jca.94142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Whether there is an association between HF (HF) and cancer has not been conclusively established, and it is not clear whether patients with cancer can share similar hospitalization strategies and outcomes with patients with HF. Methods: Genome-wide association summary statistics were performed using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method for HF patients and cancer patients from the GWAS directory, with co-localization and Summary Data-Based Mendelian Randomization (SMR) analyses to identify HF-associated genes, and transcriptomic analyses to analyze the roles of these genes in the clinical diagnosis and targeted therapies of multiple cancer types. Results: Two-sample MR analysis showed that increased risk of HF was associated with decreased risk of cervical, brain, breast, colorectal, lung, and skin cancers, and co-localization combined with SMR analysis identified ABO and SURF1 as HF-associated genes, and transcriptomic analyses showed that ABO is a risk factor for HF and a protective factor against cancer, whereas SURF1 is a protective factor against HF and a protective factor against cancer. Conclusion: There was no causal relationship between heart failure and cancers (Cervical, brain, breast, colorectal, lung and skin cancers) risk factors, however there was a trend toward a negative causal relationship between heart failure and cancers (Cervical, brain, breast, colorectal, lung and skin cancers) occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Sun
- Hubei provincial key laboratory of diabetic cardiovascular diseases, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Mei
- Hubei provincial key laboratory of diabetic cardiovascular diseases, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shigang Shan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Qian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxi Li
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenwang Zhang
- Hubei provincial key laboratory of diabetic cardiovascular diseases, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Wireko MB, Hendricks J, Bedu-Addo K, Van Staden M, Ntim EA, Larbi JA, Owusu IK. Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Blood Pressure Levels Among HIV Sero-Positive and Sero-Negative Cohorts: A Secondary Analysis of the Vukuzazzi Study. J Prim Care Community Health 2024; 15:21501319241235594. [PMID: 38477301 PMCID: PMC10938620 DOI: 10.1177/21501319241235594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of hypertension is aggravated by lifestyle factors such as alcohol consumption. This study sought to determine the association between alcohol consumption and the level of blood pressures among HIV seronegative and seropositive cohorts. METHODS This secondary analysis was performed on a cross-sectional survey data of 17 922 participants during the period between 2018 and 2020. A questionnaire was used to obtain participants' alcohol consumption history, which was categorized into non-alcohol consumers, non-heavy alcohol consumers, and heavy alcohol consumers. A linear regression model was used to establish relationships among participants with raised blood pressure (BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg). RESULTS Out of the total participants, 3553 (19.82%) were hypertensives. Almost 13% of the hypertensives (n = 458; 12.89%) were undiagnosed, and 12.44 % (442) had uncontrolled hypertension. About 14.52% of the hypertensives (3553) were not on any antihypertensive medication. Male non-consumers of alcohol had the highest systolic and diastolic BP; uncontrolled systolic BP (165.53 ± 20.87 mmHg), uncontrolled diastolic BP (102.28 ± 19.21mmHg). Adjusted for covariates, moderate alcohol consumption was associated with HTN among participants who were HIV seropositive [unadjusted (RR = 1.772, P = .006, 95% CI (1.178-2.665)], [RR = 1.772, P = .005, 95% CI (1.187-2.64)]. [unadjusted RR = 1.876, P = .036, 95% CI (1.043-3.378)], adjusted RR = 1.876, P = .041, 95% CI (1.024-3.437). Both moderate and heavy alcohol consumption were significantly related to hypertension among HIV sero-negative [unadjusted model, moderate consumption RR = 1.534 P = .003, 95% CI (1.152-2.044)], [adjusted model, moderate alcohol consumption RR = 1.535, P = .006, 95% CI (1.132-2.080)], [unadjusted model, heavy alcohol consumption, RR = 2.480, P = .030, 95% CI (1.091-5.638)], [adjusted model RR = 2.480, P = .034, 95% CI (1.072-5.738)]. CONCLUSION Alcohol consumption is significantly related to increase BP regardless of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasseh B. Wireko
- Department of Applied and Theoretical Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Jacobus Hendricks
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, South Africa
| | - Kweku Bedu-Addo
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Marlise Van Staden
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, South Africa
| | - Emmanuel A. Ntim
- Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - John A. Larbi
- Department of Applied and Theoretical Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Isaac K. Owusu
- Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Directorate of Medicine, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital. Kumasi, Ghana
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Spencer SA, Rylance J, Quint JK, Gordon SB, Dark P, Morton B. Use of hospital services by patients with chronic conditions in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Bull World Health Organ 2023; 101:558-570G. [PMID: 37638357 PMCID: PMC10452942 DOI: 10.2471/blt.22.289597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To estimate the prevalence of individual chronic conditions and multimorbidity among adults admitted to hospital in countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods We systematically searched MEDLINE®, Embase®, Global Index Medicus, Global Health and SciELO for publications reporting on patient cohorts recruited between 1 January 2010 and 12 May 2023. We included articles reporting prevalence of pre-specified chronic diseases within unselected acute care services (emergency departments or medical inpatient settings). No language restrictions were applied. We generated prevalence estimates using random-effects meta-analysis alongside 95% confidence intervals, 95% prediction intervals and I2 statistics for heterogeneity. To explore associations with age, sex, country-level income status, geographical region and risk of bias, we conducted pre-specified meta-regression, sub-group and sensitivity analyses. Findings Of 6976 identified studies, 61 met the inclusion criteria, comprising data from 20 countries and 376 676 people. None directly reported multimorbidity, but instead reported prevalence for individual conditions. Among medical admissions, the highest prevalence was human immunodeficiency virus infection (36.4%; 95% CI: 31.3-41.8); hypertension (24.4%; 95% CI: 16.7-34.2); diabetes (11.9%; 95% CI: 9.9-14.3); heart failure (8.2%; 95% CI: 5.6-11.9); chronic kidney disease (7.7%; 95% CI: 3.9-14.7); and stroke (6.8%; 95% CI: 4.7-9.6). Conclusion Among patients seeking hospital care in sub-Saharan Africa, multimorbidity remains poorly described despite high burdens of individual chronic diseases. Prospective public health studies of multimorbidity burden are needed to generate integrated and context-specific health system interventions that act to maximize patient survival and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Spencer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, England
| | - Jamie Rylance
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, England
| | - Jennifer K Quint
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England
| | - Stephen B Gordon
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Paul Dark
- Humanitarian and Conflict Response Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, England
| | - Ben Morton
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, England
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Mengistu MD. The Pattern of Cardiac Disease Admissions and Outcomes among Medical Admissions in St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College: A Retrospective Study. Niger Med J 2023; 64:183-195. [PMID: 38898966 PMCID: PMC11185806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The epidemic of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is a global phenomenon, and approximately 80% of all cardiovascular-related deaths occur in low and middle-income countries including Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of cardiac admission and its outcome among the annual medical admissions in Addis Ababa. Method This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study to evaluate the pattern of cardiac diseases and outcomes among medical admissions at St Paul Specialized Hospital Millennium Medical College from the 1st of Jan 2020 to the 1st of Jan 2021. Results The proportion of cardiac admission was 26% among 1,165 medical admissions. The most common cardiac admission was advanced congestive heart failure (CHF) (74% (224)), followed by hypertensive heart disease (HHD) (48.5%) and valvular heart disease (VHD)(23.5%), respectively. Chronic Rheumatic valvular heart disease (CRVHD) was 91.5% of the total VHD and was significantly higher among rural residents and younger populations (p<0.001). Over 12% of CRVHD patients were complicated with cardio-embolic stroke, constituting one-third of the total annual ischemic stroke admissions. Hypertension ((54%,) (164)) was the leading risk factor and was more common among urban residents (p=0.001). The mean duration of total hospital stay was 18.33 days. In-hospital mortality was 23.8% and was associated with shorter hospital stays (p<0.001). The most common immediate cause of death was sepsis of chest focus with multiorgan failure(27.8%), followed by fatal arrhythmia (20.8%) and brain herniation (15.3%), respectively. Conclusion Cardiac diseases are common in the study area causing significant mortality among medical admissions. Therefore, early risk assessment, adequate disease control, and stringent inpatient care should be among the priorities to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekoya D Mengistu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yekatit-12 Specialized Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Fossi BT, Ekabe DE, Toukam LL, Tatsilong Pambou HO, Gagneux-Brunon A, Nkenfou Nguefeu C, Bongue B. Probiotic lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditional cameroonian palm wine and corn beer exhibiting cholesterol lowering activity. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11708. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Bachheti RK, Worku LA, Gonfa YH, Zebeaman M, Deepti, Pandey DP, Bachheti A. Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases with Plant Phytochemicals: A Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:5741198. [PMID: 35832515 PMCID: PMC9273387 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5741198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the world's leading killers, accounting for 30% deaths. According to the WHO report, CVDs kill 17.9 million people per year, and there will be 22.2 million deaths from CVD in 2030. The death rates rise as people get older. Regarding gender, the death rate of women by CVD (51%) is higher than that of men (42%). To decrease and prevent CVD, most people rely on traditional medicine originating from the plant (phytochemicals) in addition to or in preference to commercially available drugs to recover from their illness. The CVD therapy efficacy of 92 plants, including 15 terrestrial plants, is examined. Some medicinal plants well known to treat CVD are, Daucus carota, Nerium oleander, Amaranthus Viridis, Ginkgo biloba, Terminalia arjuna, Picrorhiza kurroa, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Tinospora cordifolia, Mucuna pruriens, Hydrocotyle asiatica, Bombax ceiba, and Andrographis paniculate. The active phytochemicals found in these plants are flavonoids, polyphenols, plant sterol, plant sulphur compounds, and terpenoids. A general flavonoid mechanism of action is to prevent low-density lipoprotein oxidation, which promotes vasodilatation. Plant sterols prevent CVD by decreasing cholesterol absorption in the blood. Plant sulphur compound also prevent CVD by activation of nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and inhibition of cholesterol synthesis. Quinone decreases the risk of CVD by increasing ATP production in mitochondria while terpenoids by decreasing atherosclerotic lesion in the aortic valve. Although several physiologically active compounds with recognized biological effects have been found in various plants because of the increased prevalence of CVD, appropriate CVD prevention and treatment measures are required. More research is needed to understand the mechanism and specific plants' phytochemicals responsible for treating CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Bachheti
- Bioprocess and Biotechnology Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Sciences and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Applied Sciences, Addis Ababa Sciences and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Limenew Abate Worku
- Bioprocess and Biotechnology Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Sciences and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Applied Sciences, Addis Ababa Sciences and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yilma Hunde Gonfa
- Bioprocess and Biotechnology Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Sciences and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia
| | - Meseret Zebeaman
- Bioprocess and Biotechnology Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Sciences and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Applied Sciences, Addis Ababa Sciences and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Deepti
- Department of Environment Science, Graphic Era University, Dehradun-248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - D. P. Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Government P. G. College, Uttarkashi, India
| | - Archana Bachheti
- Department of Environment Science, Graphic Era University, Dehradun-248002, Uttarakhand, India
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Nabulo H, Ruzaaza G, Mugabi F, Bajunirwe F. Perceptions on preeclampsia and eclampsia among senior, older women, in rural Southwestern Uganda. JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH REPORTS 2021; 5. [PMID: 34541336 PMCID: PMC8445047 DOI: 10.29392/001c.19464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Eclampsia is among the leading causes of maternal mortality. It is a serious hypertensive complication of pregnancy and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in later life. Pregnancy-related hypertension complications predispose to chronic hypertension and premature heart attacks. A significant proportion of women with preeclampsia/eclampsia does not reach the formal healthcare system or arrive too late because of certain traditional or cultural beliefs about the condition. The older, senior women in the community are knowledgeable and play a significant role in decision making regarding where mothers should seek maternal health care. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of older and senior women regarding the manifestation of, risk factors and possible causes of preeclampsia/eclampsia. Methods We conducted a qualitative study in rural Southwestern Uganda. The key informants were senior, older women including community elders, village health team members and traditional birth attendants who were believed to hold local knowledge and influence on birth and delivery. We purposively selected key informants and data were collected till we reached saturation point. We analyzed data using an inductive thematic approach to identify themes. Results We interviewed 20 key informants with four themes identified. The 'causes' theme emerged from the subthemes of confusion with other conditions, spiritual beliefs and high blood pressure. The 'risk factors' theme emerged from the subthemes of oedema-related illnesses, poverty-induced malnutrition, and strained relationships. The 'remedies' theme emerged from the consistent mention of traditional herbal treatment, seek medical help, spiritual healing, emotional healing and corrective nutrition as potential solutions. The theme 'effects of preeclampsia/eclampsia' emerged from the mention of pregnancy complications like premature delivery, child loss, operative delivery like caesarian section delivery as well as death. There was no identifiable local name from the interviews. Women carried several myths regarding the cause and these included little blood, witchcraft, ghost attacks and stress from strained relationships including marital tension. Women were generally aware of the outcomes of eclampsia, mainly that it kills. Conclusions Eclampsia is associated with significant myths and misconceptions in this rural community. We recommend interventions to increase awareness and dispel these myths and misconceptions, increase access to antenatal preeclampsia surveillance, and facilitate timely referral for basic maternity care as means for early detection and management of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Nabulo
- Department of Nursing, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Department of Nursing, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Gad Ruzaaza
- Department of Community Health, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Francis Mugabi
- Department of Community Health, Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Francis Bajunirwe
- Department of Community Health, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
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