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Lyu Q, Veldhuizen EJA, Ludwig IS, Rutten VPMG, van Eden W, Sijts AJAM, Broere F. Characterization of polarization states of canine monocyte derived macrophages. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292757. [PMID: 37939066 PMCID: PMC10631683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages can reversibly polarize into multiple functional subsets depending on their micro-environment. Identification and understanding the functionality of these subsets is relevant for the study of immune‑related diseases. However, knowledge about canine macrophage polarization is still in its infancy. In this study, we polarized canine monocytes using GM-CSF/IFN- γ and LPS towards M1 macrophages or M-CSF and IL-4 towards M2 macrophages and compared them to undifferentiated monocytes (M0). Polarized M1 and M2 macrophages were thoroughly characterized for morphology, surface marker features, gene profiles and functional properties. Our results showed that canine M1-polarized macrophages obtained a characteristic large, roundish, or amoeboid shape, while M2-polarized macrophages were smaller and adopted an elongated spindle-like morphology. Phenotypically, all macrophage subsets expressed the pan-macrophage markers CD14 and CD11b. M1-polarized macrophages expressed increased levels of CD40, CD80 CD86 and MHC II, while a significant increase in the expression levels of CD206, CD209, and CD163 was observed in M2-polarized macrophages. RNAseq of the three macrophage subsets showed distinct gene expression profiles, which are closely associated with immune responsiveness, cell differentiation and phagocytosis. However, the complexity of the gene expression patterns makes it difficult to assign clear new polarization markers. Functionally, undifferentiated -monocytes, and M1- and M2- like subsets of canine macrophages can all phagocytose latex beads. M2-polarized macrophages exhibited the strongest phagocytic capacity compared to undifferentiated monocytes- and M1-polarized cells. Taken together, this study showed that canine M1 and M2-like macrophages have distinct features largely in parallel to those of well-studied species, such as human, mouse and pig. These findings enable future use of monocyte derived polarized macrophages particularly in studies of immune related diseases in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingkang Lyu
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Edwin J. A. Veldhuizen
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Irene S. Ludwig
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Victor P. M. G. Rutten
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Veterinary Tropical diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Pretoria University, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Willem van Eden
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alice J. A. M. Sijts
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Broere
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Leroux M, Benavides U, Hellel-Bourtal I, Silvarrey C, Milhau N, Marchal T, Bourgeois S, Lawton P, Briançon S, Petavy AF, Lahmar S, Esteves A, Almouazen E, Azzouz-Maache S. Development of an oral nanovaccine for dogs against Echinococcus granulosus. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 192:185-195. [PMID: 37769880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Dogs are the main source of animal and human cystic echinococcosis caused by the Cestode parasite Echinococcus granulosus. Dog vaccination seems to be a good strategy to control this parasitic disease. Here we present the development of a polymeric nanoparticle-based oral vaccine for dogs against Echinococcus granulosus delivered in enteric-coated capsules. To achieve our target, we encapsulated two recombinant antigens into biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles in the presence of Monophosphoryl lipid A as an adjuvant to ensure efficient delivery and activation of a protective mucosal immune response. The formulated delivery system showed a nanoparticle size less than 200 nm with more than 80 % antigen encapsulation efficiency and conserved integrity and immunogenicity. The nanoparticle surface was coated with chitosan to enhance adhesion to the gut mucosa and a subsequent antigen delivery. Chitosan-coated nanoparticles showed a higher cell internalization in murine macrophages and dendritic cells as well as a higher penetration into Caco-2 cells in vitro. Antigen-loaded nanoparticles were freeze-dried and enteric-coated capsules were filled with the obtained powder. The obtained results show a promising nanoparticles delivery system for oral vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Leroux
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Uruguaysito Benavides
- Academic Unit of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Imène Hellel-Bourtal
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Cecilia Silvarrey
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nadège Milhau
- UPSP ICE, VetAgro Sup, Campus vétérinaire de Lyon, 1 avenue Bourgelat, F-69280 Marcy L'Etoile, France
| | - Thierry Marchal
- UPSP ICE, VetAgro Sup, Campus vétérinaire de Lyon, 1 avenue Bourgelat, F-69280 Marcy L'Etoile, France
| | - Sandrine Bourgeois
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Lawton
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Stephanie Briançon
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Anne-Françoise Petavy
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Samia Lahmar
- National School of Veterinary Medicine, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Adriana Esteves
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Eyad Almouazen
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Samira Azzouz-Maache
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, F-69008 Lyon, France.
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3
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Rodrigues MP, Pinto PN, Dias RRDS, Biscoto GL, Salvato LA, Millán RDS, Orlando RM, Keller KM. The Antimicrobial Applications of Nanoparticles in Veterinary Medicine: A Comprehensive Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:958. [PMID: 37370277 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12060958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are nanoscaled particles sized from 1-100 nm, which can be composed of inorganic or organic compounds. NPs have distinctive morphology, size, structure, and surface features, which give them specific properties. These particular attributes make them interesting for biological and medical applications. Due to these characteristics, researchers are studying the possible aptness of numerous nanoparticles in veterinary medicine, such as the capacity to act as a drug delivery system. The use of these NPs as a possible bactericidal or bacteriostatic medication has been studied against different bacteria, especially multiresistant strains and the ones that cause mastitis disease. The antibiofilm property of these nanostructures has also already been proved. The antiviral activity has also been shown for some important viral animal diseases; the antifungal activity had been demonstrated against both pathogenic and mycotoxigenic species. Therefore, this review aimed to elucidate the main clinical and preventive veterinary applications of inorganic and organic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Paiva Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30270-901, Brazil
| | - Priscila Natália Pinto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30270-901, Brazil
| | - Raul Roque de Souza Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30270-901, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Lago Biscoto
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30123-970, Brazil
| | - Lauranne Alves Salvato
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30123-970, Brazil
| | - Ruben Dario Sinisterra Millán
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30123-970, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Mathias Orlando
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30123-970, Brazil
| | - Kelly Moura Keller
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30123-970, Brazil
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Zhou Y, Zhao S, Li Y, Yu M, Zheng J, Gong Q, Cao C, Ding J, Zhou X. Design and functional preliminary investigation of recombinant antigen EgG1Y162-EgG1Y162 against Echinococcus granulosus. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220558. [PMID: 36941829 PMCID: PMC10024343 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the early stage, our research group cloned Echinococcus granulosus-specific antigen, EgG1Y162, from protoscolex and adult worms of E. granulosus. In order to enhance the immunogenicity of the vaccine, we prepared a recombinant vaccine by tandemly linking EgG1Y162, splicing the protein and linker at the gene level. This approach is expected to improve the immunogenicity of the vaccine by enhancing the molecular weight of the protein and increasing the antigenic epitopes. Bioinformatics was used to predict the physicochemical properties, transmembrane domain, protein structure, and T-/B-cell antigenic epitope of different recombinant proteins, EgG1Y162-linker-EgG1Y162. Finally, the linker sequence, "GGGGSGGG," which had the least influence on the migration of recombinant protein T/B epitope and can fold normally in series with EgG1Y162, was selected to design the recombinant vaccine. The plasmid was produced using genetic engineering techniques, and the recombinant protein, EGG1Y162-GGGGSGGG-EgG1Y162, was induced to be expressed and purified. EgG1Y162-GGGGSGGG-EgG1Y162 was identified to be correctly expressed with 100% specificity. Compared with EgG1Y162, EgG1Y162-GGGGSGGG-EgG1Y162 was more likely to promote dendritic cell maturation. EgG1Y162-GGGGSGGG-EgG1Y162 was speculated to have the potential to improve antigen immunogenicity by increasing the molecular weight and antigenic epitope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, 524037, Guangdong, China
| | - Shangqi Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
| | - Yanmin Li
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
| | - Mingkai Yu
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
| | - Jia Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Gong
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
| | - Chunbao Cao
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
| | - Jianbing Ding
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Xinjiang830011, Urumqi, China
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Du X, Zhu M, Zhang T, Wang C, Tao J, Yang S, Zhu Y, Zhao W. The Recombinant Eg.P29-Mediated miR-126a-5p Promotes the Differentiation of Mouse Naive CD4 + T Cells via DLK1-Mediated Notch1 Signal Pathway. Front Immunol 2022; 13:773276. [PMID: 35211114 PMCID: PMC8861942 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.773276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease spread worldwide caused by Echinococcus granulosus (Eg), which sometimes causes serious damage; however, in many cases, people are not aware that they are infected. A number of recombinant vaccines based on Eg are used to evaluate their effectiveness against the infection. Our previous report showed that recombinant Eg.P29 (rEg.P29) has a marvelous immunoprotection and can induce Th1 immune response. Furthermore, data of miRNA microarray in mice spleen CD4+ T cells showed that miR-126a-5p was significantly elevated 1 week after immunization by using rEg.P29. Therefore, in this perspective, we discussed the role of miR-126a-5p in the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Th1/Th2 under rEg.P29 immunization and determined the mechanisms associated with delta-like 1 homolog (DLK1) and Notch1 signaling pathway. One week after P29 immunization of mice, we found that miR-126a-5p was significantly increased and DLK1 expression was decreased, while Notch1 pathway activation was enhanced and Th1 response was significantly stronger. The identical conclusion was obtained by overexpression of mmu-miR-126a-5p in primary naive CD4+ T cells in mice. Intriguingly, mmu-miR-126a-5p was significantly raised in serum from mice infected with protoscolex in the early stages of infection and markedly declined in the late stages of infection, while has-miR-126-5p expression was dramatically reduced in serum from CE patients. Taken together, we show that miR-126a-5p functions as a positive regulator of Notch1-mediated differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th1 through downregulating DLK1 in vivo and in vitro. Hsa-miR-126-5p is potentially a very promising diagnostic biomarker for CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiancai Du
- School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Yinchuan, China
| | - Mingxing Zhu
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Yinchuan, China.,Center of Scientific Technology of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tingrui Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Yinchuan, China
| | - Chan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jia Tao
- School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Yinchuan, China
| | - Songhao Yang
- School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yazhou Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Science of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Common Infectious Diseases, Yinchuan, China.,Center of Scientific Technology of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Perera DJ, Ndao M. Promising Technologies in the Field of Helminth Vaccines. Front Immunol 2021; 12:711650. [PMID: 34489961 PMCID: PMC8418310 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.711650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Helminths contribute a larger global burden of disease than both malaria and tuberculosis. These eukaryotes have caused human infections since before our earliest recorded history (i.e.: earlier than 1200 B.C. for Schistosoma spp.). Despite the prevalence and importance of these infections, helminths are considered a neglected tropical disease for which there are no vaccines approved for human use. Similar to other parasites, helminths are complex organisms which employ a plethora of features such as: complex life cycles, chronic infections, and antigenic mimicry to name a few, making them difficult to target by conventional vaccine strategies. With novel vaccine strategies such as viral vectors and genetic elements, numerous constructs are being defined for a wide range of helminth parasites; however, it has yet to be discussed which of these approaches may be the most effective. With human trials being conducted, and a pipeline of potential anti-helminthic antigens, greater understanding of helminth vaccine-induced immunity is necessary for the development of potent vaccine platforms and their optimal design. This review outlines the conventional and the most promising approaches in clinical and preclinical helminth vaccinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilhan J. Perera
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Program of Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Momar Ndao
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Program of Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Zhang B, Zhang L, Zhou H, Tian J, Wang J. Progressive compressive myelopathy induced by a rare primary isolated thoracic vertebral hydatid cyst: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25177. [PMID: 33726007 PMCID: PMC7982161 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Hydatid cyst is a disease caused by the larvae of Echinococcus spp. The larvae often reside in the liver, lungs, and brain. Occasionally, a primary isolated thoracic vertebral hydatid cyst is reported to cause severe complications. Various diseases may lead to the development of progressive compressive myelopathy. Herein, we report a rare case of a primary isolated thoracic vertebral hydatid cyst with compressive myelopathy. PATIENT CONCERNS A 57-year-old female had numbness and weakness in the lower limbs for a span of 3-months. DIAGNOSIS Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that an isolated mass was observed in the T5 vertebral body, which compressed the spinal cord. The diagnosis was confirmed after surgical excision, and Echinococcus granulosus was found to be the etiologic factor. INTERVENTIONS The patient underwent laminectomy with no complications. OUTCOMES After surgical decompression, the patient made slow and measurable progress. While relatively rare in the non-pastoral area, the primary isolated thoracic vertebral column hydatid cyst may be considered as a possible etiology of atypical extradural spinal compression. LESSONS This case illustrates the complexity of spinal echinococcosis manifestations and the necessity of an interdisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Hongli Zhou
- Pain Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126
| | - Junwei Tian
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, Changchun, China
| | - Jiping Wang
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Jilin University
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MiR-374b-5p Regulates T Cell Differentiation and Is Associated with rEg.P29 Immunity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8024763. [PMID: 32908913 PMCID: PMC7463394 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8024763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus (Eg) infection. Our previous study confirmed that recombinant Eg.P29 (rEg.P29) could protect against echinococcus granulosus secondary infection in sheep and mice. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between immunoprotection of rEg.P29 vaccine and mmu-miR-374b-5p (miR-374b-5p) and study the immunity influence of miR-374b-5p on CD4+ T cells in mice spleen. MiR-374b-5p level was significantly increased after the second-week and the fourth week of vaccination with rEg.P29. Overexpression of miR-374b-5p increased IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-17A mRNA levels and decreased IL-10 mRNA levels in CD4+ T cells. Moreover, the inhibition of miR-374b-5p decreased IFN-γ and IL-17A and increased IL-10 mRNA levels in CD4+ T cells; this was further confirmed by the flow cytometry. The vaccination of rEg.P29 enhanced miR-374b-5p expression that was associated with a higher Th1 and Th17 immune response, a lower IL-10 mRNA production with miR-374b-5p overexpression, a lower Th1 immune response, and a higher IL-10 mRNA levels with miR-374b-5p inhibitions. To sum up, these data suggest that miR-374b-5p may participate in rEg.P29 immunity by regulating Th1 and Th17 differentiation.
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