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Omar H, Jakimoska S, Guillot J, Alsharaeh E, Charnay C, Cunin F, Bessière A, Durand JO, Raehm L, Lichon L, Onofre M, Gary-Bobo M. Dendritic Mesoporous Organosilica Nanoparticles with Photosensitizers for Cell Imaging, siRNA Delivery and Protein Loading. Molecules 2023; 28:5335. [PMID: 37513209 PMCID: PMC10385246 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (DMON) are a new class of biodegradable nanoparticles suitable for biomolecule delivery. We studied the photochemical internalization (PCI) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of DMON to investigate new ways for DMON to escape from the endosomes-lysosomes and deliver biomolecules into the cytoplasm of cells. We added photosensitizers in the framework of DMON and found that DMON were loaded with siRNA or FVIII factor protein. We made four formulations with four different photosensitizers. The photosensitizers allowed us to perform imaging of DMON in cancer cells, but the presence of the tetrasulfide bond in the framework of DMON quenched the formation of singlet oxygen. Fortunately, one formulation allowed us to efficiently deliver proapoptotic siRNA in MCF-7 cancer cells leading to 31% of cancer cell death, without irradiation. As for FVIII protein, it was loaded in two formulations with drug-loading capacities (DLC) up to 25%. In conclusion, DMON are versatile nanoparticles capable of loading siRNA and delivering it into cancer cells, and also loading FVIII protein with good DLC. Due to the presence of tetrasulfide, it was not possible to perform PDT or PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Omar
- Chemistry Department, Collage of Science, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Jakimoska
- IBMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34193 Montpellier, France
- ICGM, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Julia Guillot
- IBMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34193 Montpellier, France
- ICGM, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Edreese Alsharaeh
- Chemistry Department, Collage of Science, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Clarence Charnay
- ICGM, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Frédérique Cunin
- ICGM, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélie Bessière
- ICGM, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34193 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Laurence Raehm
- ICGM, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Laure Lichon
- IBMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Mélanie Onofre
- IBMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Magali Gary-Bobo
- IBMM, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34193 Montpellier, France
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De Graef D, Ligezka AN, Rezents J, Mazza GL, Preston G, Schwartz K, Krzysciak W, Lam C, Edmondson AC, Johnsen C, Kozicz T, Morava E. Coagulation abnormalities in a prospective cohort of 50 patients with PMM2-congenital disorder of glycosylation. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 139:107606. [PMID: 37224763 PMCID: PMC10530657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the lack of reliable data on the prevalence of bleeding abnormalities and thrombotic episodes in PMM2-CDG patients, and whether coagulation abnormalities change over time, we prospectively collected and reviewed natural history data. Patients with PMM2-CDG often have abnormal coagulation studies due to glycosylation abnormalities but the frequency of complications resulting from these has not been prospectively studied. METHODS We studied fifty individuals enrolled in the Frontiers in Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation Consortium (FCDGC) natural history study with molecularly confirmed diagnosis of PMM2-CDG. We collected data on prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), platelets, factor IX activity (FIX), factor XI activity (FXI), protein C activity (PC), protein S activity (PS) and antithrombin activity (AT). RESULTS Prothrombotic and antithrombotic factor activities were frequently abnormal in PMM2-CDG patients, including AT, PC, PT, INR, and FXI. AT deficiency was the most common abnormality in 83.3% of patients. AT activity was below 50% in 62.5% of all patients (normal range 80-130%). Interestingly, 16% of the cohort experienced symptoms of spontaneous bleeding and 10% had thrombosis. Stroke-like episodes (SLE) were reported in 18% of patients in our cohort. Based on the linear growth models, on average, patients did not show significant change in AT (n = 48; t(23.8) = 1.75, p = 0.09), FIX (n = 36; t(61) = 1.60, p = 0.12), FXI (n = 39; t(22.8) = 1.88, p = 0.07), PS (n = 25; t(28.8) = 1.08, p = 0.29), PC (n = 38; t(68) = 1.61, p = 0.11), INR (n = 44; t(184) = -1.06, p = 0.29), or PT (n = 43; t(192) = -0.69, p = 0.49) over time. AT activity positively correlated with FIX activity. PS activity was significantly lower in males. CONCLUSION Based on our natural history data and previous literature, we conclude that caution should be exercised when the AT levels are lower than 65%, as most thrombotic events occur in patients with AT below this level. All five, male PMM2-CDG patients in our cohort who developed thrombosis had abnormal AT levels, ranging between 19% and 63%. Thrombosis was associated with infection in all cases. We did not find significant change in AT levels over time. Several PMM2-CDG patients had an increased bleeding tendency. More long-term follow-up is necessary on coagulation abnormalities and the associated clinical symptoms to provide guidelines for therapy, patient management, and appropriate counseling. SYNOPSIS Most PMM2-CDG patients display chronic coagulation abnormalities without significant improvement, associated with a frequency of 16% clinical bleeding abnormalities, and 10% thrombotic episodes in patients with severe antithrombin deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna N Ligezka
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joseph Rezents
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gina L Mazza
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Graeme Preston
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kaitlin Schwartz
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Wirginia Krzysciak
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Christina Lam
- Section of Biochemical Genetics, Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Andrew C Edmondson
- Section of Biochemical Genetics, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Christin Johnsen
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Eva Morava
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.
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Chia S, Tay SJ, Song Z, Yang Y, Walsh I, Pang KT. Enhancing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of recombinant therapeutic proteins by manipulation of sialic acid content. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114757. [PMID: 37087980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The circulatory half-life of recombinant therapeutic proteins is an important pharmacokinetic attribute because it determines the dosing frequency of these drugs, translating directly to treatment cost. Thus, recombinant therapeutic glycoproteins such as monoclonal antibodies have been chemically modified by various means to enhance their circulatory half-life. One approach is to manipulate the N-glycan composition of these agents. Among the many glycan constituents, sialic acid (specifically, N-acetylneuraminic acid) plays a critical role in extending circulatory half-life by masking the terminal galactose that would otherwise be recognised by the hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR), resulting in clearance of the biotherapeutic from the circulation. This review aims to provide an illustrative overview of various strategies to enhance the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties of recombinant therapeutic proteins through manipulation of their sialic acid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Chia
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, 138668, Singapore
| | - Shi Jie Tay
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, 138668, Singapore
| | - Zhiwei Song
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, 138668, Singapore
| | - Yuansheng Yang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, 138668, Singapore
| | - Ian Walsh
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, 138668, Singapore.
| | - Kuin Tian Pang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, 138668, Singapore; School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technology University, 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B3, 637459, Singapore.
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Lunghi B, Morfini M, Martinelli N, Branchini A, Linari S, Castaman G, Bernardi F. Modulation of factor VIII pharmacokinetics by genetic components in factor VIII receptors. Haemophilia 2023; 29:479-487. [PMID: 36533781 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gene variation in receptors for circulating factor VIII (FVIII) is candidate to explain the large inter-patient variability of infused FVIII pharmacokinetics (PK) in haemophilia A (HA). AIM To compare in an Italian HA cohort (n = 26) the influence on FVIII PK of genetic components in four von Willebrand factor (VWF)/FVIII receptors. METHODS Genotypes of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), asialoglycoprotein receptor minor subunit (ASGR2), family 4 member M (CLEC4M), stabilin2 (STAB2) and ABO blood-group, and VWF:Ag levels were included as independent variables in linear regression analyses of two-compartment model (TCM) - standard half-life (SHL) FVIII PK parameters. RESULTS In the initial FVIII distribution phase, the STAB2 rs4981022 AA, ASGR2 rs2289645 TT and LDLR rs688 TT genotypes may contribute to increase Cmax , and prolong or shorten AlphaHL. In the elimination phase, a shorter BetaHL was associated with the CLEC4M rs868875 GG (beta-coefficient .366, p = .025) and ASGR2 rs2289645 TC (beta-coefficient .456, p = .006) genotypes, which also showed shorter mean residence time (MRT) than TT genotypes (p = .021). The alpha and beta phase effects were independent of ABO and VWF:Ag levels at baseline. The association of the LDLR rs2228671 genotypes with clearance was independent of ABO (beta-coefficient -.363, p = .035) but not of other receptors or VWF:Ag, which may point out multiple and competing interactions. CONCLUSIONS With the limitation of the small number of HA patients, these observations highlight multiple genetic components acting in distinct phases of FVIII PK and contributing to explain FVIII PK variability. This analysis provides candidates for genotype-based, individual tailoring of FVIII substitutive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lunghi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Morfini
- Italian Association of Hemophilia Centers (AICE), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Alessio Branchini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Linari
- Center for Bleeding Disorders, Department of Oncology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Castaman
- Center for Bleeding Disorders, Department of Oncology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Bernardi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Trevisan B, Rodriguez M, Medder H, Lankford S, Combs R, Owen J, Atala A, Porada CD, Almeida-Porada G. Autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs engineered to express oFVIII-FLAG engraft in adult sheep and produce an effective increase in plasma FVIII levels. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1070476. [PMID: 36532079 PMCID: PMC9755880 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1070476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hemophilia A (HA) is the most common X-linked bleeding disorder, occurring in 1 in 5,000 live male births and affecting >1 million individuals worldwide. Although advances in protein-based HA therapeutics have improved health outcomes, current standard-of-care requires infusion 2-3 times per week for life, and 30% of patients develop inhibitors, significantly increasing morbidity and mortality. There are thus unmet medical needs requiring novel approaches to treat HA. Methods We tested, in a highly translational large animal (sheep) model, whether the unique immunological and biological properties of autologous bone marrow (BM)-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) could enable them to serve as cellular delivery vehicles to provide long-term expression of FVIII, avoiding the need for frequent infusions. Results We show that autologous BM-MSCs can be isolated, transduced with a lentivector to produce high levels of ovine (o)FVIII, extensively expanded, and transplanted into adult animals safely. The transplanted cells engraft in multiple organs, and they stably produce and secrete sufficient quantities of FVIII to yield elevated plasma FVIII levels for at least 15 weeks. Discussion These studies thus highlight the promise of cellular-based gene delivery approaches for treating HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brady Trevisan
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Fetal Research and Therapy Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Martin Rodriguez
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Fetal Research and Therapy Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Hailey Medder
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Fetal Research and Therapy Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Shannon Lankford
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Fetal Research and Therapy Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Rebecca Combs
- Special Hematology Laboratory, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - John Owen
- Special Hematology Laboratory, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Fetal Research and Therapy Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Christopher D. Porada
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Fetal Research and Therapy Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Graça Almeida-Porada
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Fetal Research and Therapy Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States,*Correspondence: Graça Almeida-Porada,
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Vander Kooi A, Wang S, Fan MN, Chen A, Zhang J, Chen CY, Cai X, Konkle BA, Xiao W, Li L, Miao CH. Influence of N-glycosylation in the A and C domains on the immunogenicity of factor VIII. Blood Adv 2022; 6:4271-4282. [PMID: 35511725 PMCID: PMC9327553 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The most significant complication in hemophilia A treatment is the formation of inhibitors against factor VIII (FVIII) protein. Glycans and glycan-binding proteins are central to a properly functioning immune system. This study focuses on whether glycosylation of FVIII plays an important role in induction and regulation of anti-FVIII immune responses. We investigated the potential roles of 4 N-glycosylation sites, including N41 and N239 in the A1 domain, N1810 in the A3 domain, and N2118 in the C1 domain of FVIII, in moderating its immunogenicity. Glycomics analysis of plasma-derived FVIII revealed that sites N41, N239, and N1810 contain mostly sialylated complex glycoforms, while high mannose glycans dominate at site N2118. A missense variant that substitutes asparagine (N) to glutamine (Q) was introduced to eliminate glycosylation on each of these sites. Following gene transfer of plasmids encoding B domain deleted FVIII (BDD-FVIII) and each of these 4 FVIII variants, it was found that specific activity of FVIII in plasma remained similar among all treatment groups. Slightly increased or comparable immune responses in N41Q, N239Q, and N1810Q FVIII variant plasmid-treated mice and significantly decreased immune responses in N2118Q FVIII plasmid-treated mice were observed when compared with BDD-FVIII plasmid-treated mice. The reduction of inhibitor response by N2118Q FVIII variant was also demonstrated in AAV-mediated gene transfer experiments. Furthermore, a specific glycopeptide epitope surrounding the N2118 glycosylation site was identified and characterized to activate T cells in an FVIII-specific proliferation assay. These results indicate that N-glycosylation of FVIII can have significant impact on its immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Vander Kooi
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Shuaishuai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Meng-Ni Fan
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Alex Chen
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Junping Zhang
- School of Medicines, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; and
| | - Chun-Yu Chen
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Xiaohe Cai
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Weidong Xiao
- School of Medicines, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; and
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Carol H. Miao
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Ito J, Baldwin WH, Cox C, Healey JF, Parker ET, Legan ER, Li R, Gill S, Batsuli G. Removal of single-site N-linked glycans on factor VIII alters binding of domain-specific monoclonal antibodies. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:574-588. [PMID: 34863021 PMCID: PMC8885965 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A portion of individuals with hemophilia A develop neutralizing antibodies called inhibitors to glycoprotein factor VIII (FVIII). There are multiple risk factors that contribute to the risk of inhibitor formation. However, knowledge of the role of FVIII asparagine (N)-linked glycosylation in FVIII immunity is limited. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of site-specific N-linked glycan removal on FVIII biochemical properties, endocytosis by murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), and antibody responses. METHODS Four recombinant B domain-deleted (BDD) FVIII variants with single-site amino acid substitutions to remove N-linked glycans were produced for experimental assays. RESULTS BDD FVIII-N41G, FVIII-N239A, FVIII-N1810A, and FVIII-N2118A with confirmed removal of N-linked glycans and similar glycosylation profiles to BDD FVIII were produced. There were no differences in thrombin activation or von Willebrand factor binding of FVIII variants compared with BDD FVIII; however, reduced FVIII expression, activity, and specific activity was observed with all variants. BDD FVIII-N41G and FVIII-N1810A had reduced uptake by BMDCs, but there were no differences in antibody development in immunized hemophilia A mice compared with BDD FVIII. Half of a repertoire of 12 domain-specific FVIII MAbs had significantly reduced binding to ≥1 FVIII variant with a 50% decrease in A1 domain MAb 2-116 binding to FVIII-N239A. CONCLUSIONS Modifications of FVIII N-linked glycans reduced FVIII endocytosis by BMDCs and binding of domain-specific FVIII MAbs, but did not alter de novo antibody production in hemophilia A mice, suggesting that N-glycans do not significantly contribute to inhibitor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Ito
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Wallace Hunter Baldwin
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Courtney Cox
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John F Healey
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ernest T Parker
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Emily R Legan
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Renhao Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Surinder Gill
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Glaivy Batsuli
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Combination of CLEC4M rs868875 G-Carriership and ABO O Genotypes May Predict Faster Decay of FVIII Infused in Hemophilia A Patients. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030733. [PMID: 35160186 PMCID: PMC8837058 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The C-type lectin CLEC4M binds and internalizes factor VIII (FVIII). Common CLEC4M variants have been associated with FVIII pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles in hemophilia A (HA) patients. The two-compartment PK analysis of plasma-derived (pd-) and full length recombinant FVIII concentrates was conducted in twenty-six patients (FVIII:C ≤ 2 IU/dL). F8, ABO blood-groups, and the CLEC4M rs868875A/G polymorphism were genotyped. CLEC4M genotype groups differed for the elimination rate constant K 1-0 (p < 0.001), half-life (K 1-0 HL), and the Beta rate constant. Patients treated with pd-FVIII also differed in the Alpha phase. In linear regression models, the contribution of the CLEC4M genotypes to FVIII PK parameters remained significant after correction for ABO, age, and VWF antigen levels at PK. Combined CLEC4M rs868875A/G and ABO genotypes displayed significant interaction (K 1-0, p = 0.014). Compared to other combined genotypes, the G-carriers/O genotypes showed half-reduced K 1-0 HL (p = 0.008), and faster FVIII clearance (mean 7.1 ± 2.2 mL/h/kg SE) than in the G-carriers/non-O (mean 2.4 ± 0.3 mL/h/kg SE), (p = 0.038). Comparison in HA patients recruited in several countries suggests that CLEC4M genotypes coherently influence infused FVIII half-life and clearance. Our analysis supports substantially faster FVIII decay associated with the rs868875 G-carrier/ABO O genotypes, which has potential implications for genetically tailored substitutive HA treatment.
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Lunghi B, Morfini M, Martinelli N, Balestra D, Linari S, Frusconi S, Branchini A, Cervellera CF, Marchetti G, Castaman G, Bernardi F. The Asialoglycoprotein Receptor Minor Subunit Gene Contributes to Pharmacokinetics of Factor VIII Concentrates in Hemophilia A. Thromb Haemost 2021; 122:715-725. [PMID: 34407556 DOI: 10.1055/a-1591-7869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) binds with high affinity factor VIII (FVIII) through its N-linked oligosaccharides. However, its contribution to the wide inter-individual variation of infused FVIII pharmacokinetics (PK) in hemophilia A (HA) is unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate the variability in FVIII PK outcomes in relation to genetic variation in the ASGR2, encoding the ASGPR2 subunit. METHODS Thirty-two HA patients with FVIII:C ≤2 IU/dL underwent 66 single-dose FVIII PK studies. PK parameters were evaluated in relation to ASGR2 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) polymorphisms, which were investigated by recombinant and white blood cell reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction approaches. RESULTS The 5'UTR polymorphisms determine a frequent and conserved haplotype (HT1) in a regulatory region. The HT1 homozygotes may differ in the amounts of alternatively spliced mRNA transcripts and thus ASGPR2 isoforms. Compared with the other ASGR2 genotypes, the c.-95TT homozygotes (n = 9), showed threefold longer Alpha HL (3.60 hours, 95% confidence interval: 1.44-5.76, p = 0.006), and the c.-95TC heterozygotes (n = 17) showed 25% shorter mean residence time (MRT; 18.5 hours, 15.0-22.0, p = 0.038) and 32% shorter Beta HL (13.5 hours, 10.9-16.0, p = 0.016). These differences were confirmed in patients (n = 27) undergoing PK studies (n = 54) with full-length FVIII only. In different linear regression models, the contribution of the ASGR2 genotypes remained significant after adjustment by ABO genotypes and von Willebrand factor (VWF) antigen levels, and explained 14% (MRT), 15 to 18% (Beta HL), and 22% (Alpha HL) of parameter variability. CONCLUSIONS Infused FVIII distribution was modulated by frequent ASGR2 genotypes, independently from and together with ABO and VWF antigen levels, which has potential implications for genetically tailored substitutive treatment in HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lunghi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Morfini
- Italian Association Hemophilia Centers (AICE), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Dario Balestra
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Linari
- Department of Oncology, Center for Bleeding Disorders, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Sabrina Frusconi
- Genetic Diagnostics Unit, Laboratory Department, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Branchini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Marchetti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Castaman
- Department of Oncology, Center for Bleeding Disorders, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Bernardi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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10
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Farcet JB, Kosma P. Determination of modification degree of polysialylated therapeutic proteins using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:1015-1021. [PMID: 34197856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Water soluble polymers and their derivatives bound to proteins can dramatically favor the biological activity of new drugs and vaccines. Quantification of the modification degree of the protein is crucial during the development and licensing phase and later in order to monitor the industrial production process and to match product specification. In this work, we describe an innovative way to measure directly the modification degree of polysialylated proteins using proton NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy. Following a calibration step, the modification degree can be easily deduced by the integration ratio of a separate signal from the polymer and selected signals from the protein. In fact, the upfield-shifted signals of methyl groups from Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine can be used as an internal calibration reference for the integration. In this paper recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII) and recombinant factor IX (rFIX) proteins modified by polysialic acid (PSA) are used to illustrate the accuracy, reproducibility and ease of the method that may replace or complement wet-chemistry approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Farcet
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baxalta Innovations GmbH, Vienna, now part of the Takeda group of companies, Industriestrasse 131, 1221 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Paul Kosma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
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11
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Liu D, Wang S, Zhang J, Xiao W, Miao CH, Konkle BA, Wan XF, Li L. Site-Specific N- and O-Glycosylation Analysis of Human Plasma Fibronectin. Front Chem 2021; 9:691217. [PMID: 34211961 PMCID: PMC8239226 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.691217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human plasma fibronectin is an adhesive protein that plays a crucial role in wound healing. Many studies had indicated that glycans might mediate the expression and functions of fibronectin, yet a comprehensive understanding of its glycosylation is still missing. Here, we performed a comprehensive N- and O-glycosylation mapping of human plasma fibronectin and quantified the occurrence of each glycoform in a site-specific manner. Intact N-glycopeptides were enriched by zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction chromatography, and N-glycosite sites were localized by the 18O-labeling method. O-glycopeptide enrichment and O-glycosite identification were achieved by an enzyme-assisted site-specific extraction method. An RP–LC–MS/MS system functionalized with collision-induced dissociation and stepped normalized collision energy (sNCE)-HCD tandem mass was applied to analyze the glycoforms of fibronectin. A total of 6 N-glycosites and 53 O-glycosites were identified, which were occupied by 38 N-glycoforms and 16 O-glycoforms, respectively. Furthermore, 77.31% of N-glycans were sialylated, and O-glycosylation was dominated by the sialyl-T antigen. These site-specific glycosylation patterns on human fibronectin can facilitate functional analyses of fibronectin and therapeutics development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shuaishuai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Junping Zhang
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Weidong Xiao
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Carol H Miao
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Xiu-Feng Wan
- Center for Influenza and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, College of Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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12
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Chun H, Pettersson JR, Shestopal SA, Wu WW, Marakasova ES, Olivares P, Surov SS, Ovanesov MV, Shen RF, Sarafanov AG. Characterization of protein unable to bind von Willebrand factor in recombinant factor VIII products. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:954-966. [PMID: 33527662 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic products with coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) have a wide range of specific activities, implying presence of protein with altered structure. Previous studies showed that recombinant FVIII products (rFVIII) contain a fraction (FVIIIFT ) unable to bind von Willebrand factor (VWF) and reported to lack activity. Because of loss of function(s), FVIIIFT can be defined as a product-related impurity, whose properties and levels in rFVIII products should be investigated. OBJECTIVE To isolate and characterize the FVIIIFT fraction in rFVIII products. METHODS Protein fractions unable (FVIIIFT ) and able (FVIIIEL ) to bind VWF were isolated from rFVIII products using immobilized VWF affinity chromatography (IVAC) and characterized by gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, FVIII activity test, surface plasmon resonance, mass spectrometry, and for plasma clearance in mice. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS A robust IVAC methodology was developed and applied for analysis of 10 rFVIII products marketed in the United States. FVIIIFT was found at various contents (0.4%-21.5%) in all products. Compared with FVIIIEL , FVIIIFT had similar patterns of polypeptide bands by gel electrophoresis, but lower functional activity. In several representative products, FVIIIFT was found to have reduced sulfation at Tyr1680, important for VWF binding, decreased interaction with a low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 fragment, and faster plasma clearance in mice. These findings provide basic characterization of FVIIIFT and demonstrate a potential for IVAC to control this impurity in rFVIII products to improve their efficacy in therapy of hemophilia A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haarin Chun
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - John R Pettersson
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Svetlana A Shestopal
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Wells W Wu
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Ekaterina S Marakasova
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Philip Olivares
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Stepan S Surov
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Mikhail V Ovanesov
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Rong-Fong Shen
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Andrey G Sarafanov
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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