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Dinius A, Müller H, Kellhammer D, Deffur C, Schmideder S, Hammel JU, Krull R, Briesen H. 3D imaging and analysis to unveil the impact of microparticles on the pellet morphology of filamentous fungi. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024. [PMID: 38943490 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Controlling the morphology of filamentous fungi is crucial to improve the performance of fungal bioprocesses. Microparticle-enhanced cultivation (MPEC) increases productivity, most likely by changing the fungal morphology. However, due to a lack of appropriate methods, the exact impact of the added microparticles on the structural development of fungal pellets is mostly unexplored. In this study synchrotron radiation-based microcomputed tomography and three-dimensional (3D) image analysis were applied to unveil the detailed 3D incorporation of glass microparticles in nondestructed pellets of Aspergillus niger from MPEC. The developed method enabled the 3D analysis based on 375 pellets from various MPEC experiments. The total and locally resolved volume fractions of glass microparticles and hyphae were quantified for the first time. At increasing microparticle concentrations in the culture medium, pellets with lower hyphal fraction were obtained. However, the total volume of incorporated glass microparticles within the pellets did not necessarily increase. Furthermore, larger microparticles were less effective than smaller ones in reducing pellet density. However, the total volume of incorporated glass was larger for large microparticles. In addition, analysis of MPEC pellets from different times of cultivation indicated that spore agglomeration is decisive for the development of MPEC pellets. The developed 3D morphometric analysis method and the presented results will promote the general understanding and further development of MPEC for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dinius
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Henri Müller
- School of Life Sciences, Process Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Diana Kellhammer
- School of Life Sciences, Process Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Charlotte Deffur
- School of Life Sciences, Process Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Stefan Schmideder
- School of Life Sciences, Process Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Jörg U Hammel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum hereon, Institute of Materials Physics, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Rainer Krull
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Heiko Briesen
- School of Life Sciences, Process Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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Priyadarsini M, Kushwaha J, Pandey KP, Rani J, Dhoble AS. Application of flow cytometry for rapid, high-throughput, multiparametric analysis of environmental microbiomes. J Microbiol Methods 2023; 214:106841. [PMID: 37832922 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantification of the abundance and understanding of the dynamics of the microbial communities is essential to establish a basis for microbiome characterization. The conventional techniques used for the quantification of microbes are complicated and time-consuming. With scientific advancement, many techniques evolved and came into account. Among them, flow cytometry is a robust, high-throughput technique through which microbial dynamics, morphology, microbial distribution, physiological characteristics, and many more attributes can be studied in a high-throughput manner with comparatively less time and resources. Flow cytometry, when combined with other omics-based methods, offers a rapid and efficient platform to analyze and understand the composition of microbiome at the cellular level. The microbial diversity observed through flow cytometry will not be equivalent to that obtained by sequencing methods, but this integrated approach holds great potential for high throughput characterization of microbiomes. Flow cytometry is regarded as an established characterization tool in haematology, oncology, immunology, and medical microbiology research; however, its application in environmental microbiology is yet to be explored. This comprehensive review aims to delve into the diverse environmental applications of flow cytometry across various domains, including but not limited to bioremediation, landfills, anaerobic digestion, industrial bioprocesses, water quality regulation, and soil quality regulation. By conducting an in-depth analysis, this article seeks to shed light on the potential benefits and challenges associated with the utilization of flow cytometry in addressing environmental concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Priyadarsini
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jeetesh Kushwaha
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kailash Pati Pandey
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jyoti Rani
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek S Dhoble
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Schrader M, Schrinner K, Polomsky L, Ivanov D, Kampen I, Schilde C, Krull R, Kwade A. Quantification and modeling of macroparticle-induced mechanical stress for varying shake flask cultivation conditions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1254136. [PMID: 37731767 PMCID: PMC10507416 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1254136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In biotechnological processes, filamentous microorganisms are known for their broad product spectrum and complex cellular morphology. Product formation and cellular morphology are often closely linked, requiring a well-defined level of mechanical stress to achieve high product concentrations. Macroparticles were added to shake flask cultures of the filamentous actinomycete Lentzea aerocolonigenes to find these optimal cultivation conditions. However, there is currently no model concept for the dependence of the strength and frequency of the bead-induced stress on the process parameters. Therefore, shake flask simulations were performed for combinations of bead size, bead concentration, bead density and shaking frequency. Contact analysis showed that the highest shear stresses were caused by bead-bottom contacts. Based on this, a newly generated characteristic parameter, the stress area ratio (SAR), was defined, which relates the bead wall shear and normal stresses to the total shear area. Comparison of the SAR with previous cultivation results revealed an optimum pattern for product concentration and mean product-to-biomass related yield coefficient. Thus, this model is a suitable tool for future optimization, comparison and scaling up of shear-sensitive microorganism cultivation. Finally, the simulation results were validated using high-speed recordings of the bead motion on the bottom of the shake flask.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schrader
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schrinner
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Laura Polomsky
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dimitri Ivanov
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ingo Kampen
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carsten Schilde
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rainer Krull
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Arno Kwade
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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Dinius A, Kozanecka ZJ, Hoffmann KP, Krull R. Intensification of bioprocesses with filamentous microorganisms. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Many industrial biotechnological processes use filamentous microorganisms to produce platform chemicals, proteins, enzymes and natural products. Product formation is directly linked to their cellular morphology ranging from dispersed mycelia over loose clumps to compact pellets. Therefore, the adjustment and control of the filamentous cellular morphology pose major challenges for bioprocess engineering. Depending on the filamentous strain and desired product, optimal morphological shapes for achieving high product concentrations vary. However, there are currently no overarching strain- or product-related correlations to improve process understanding of filamentous production systems. The present book chapter summarizes the extensive work conducted in recent years in the field of improving product formation and thus intensifying biotechnological processes with filamentous microorganisms. The goal is to provide prospective scientists with an extensive overview of this scientifically diverse, highly interesting field of study. In the course of this, multiple examples and ideas shall facilitate the combination of their acquired expertise with promising areas of future research. Therefore, this overview describes the interdependence between filamentous cellular morphology and product formation. Moreover, the currently most frequently used experimental techniques for morphological structure elucidation will be discussed in detail. Developed strategies of morphology engineering to increase product formation by tailoring and controlling cellular morphology and thus to intensify processes with filamentous microorganisms will be comprehensively presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dinius
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Rebenring 56 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Franz-Liszt-Str. 35a , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Zuzanna J. Kozanecka
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Rebenring 56 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Franz-Liszt-Str. 35a , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Kevin P. Hoffmann
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Rebenring 56 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Franz-Liszt-Str. 35a , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Rainer Krull
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Rebenring 56 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Franz-Liszt-Str. 35a , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
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Dinius A, Schrinner K, Schrader M, Kozanecka ZJ, Brauns H, Klose L, Weiß H, Kwade A, Krull R. Morphology engineering for novel antibiotics: Effect of glass microparticles and soy lecithin on rebeccamycin production and cellular morphology of filamentous actinomycete Lentzea aerocolonigenes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1171055. [PMID: 37091334 PMCID: PMC10116066 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1171055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lentzea aerocolonigenes, as an actinomycete, is a natural producer of the antibiotic and antitumoral drug rebeccamycin. Due to the filamentous cellular morphology handling in cultivations is challenging; therefore, morphology engineering techniques are mandatory to enhance productivity. One promising approach described in the literature is the addition of mineral particles in the micrometer range to precisely adjust cellular morphology and the corresponding product synthesis (microparticle-enhanced cultivation, MPEC). Glass microparticles are introduced in this study as a novel supplementation type for bioprocess intensification in filamentous organisms. Several investigations were conducted to screen for an optimal particle setup, including particle size and concentration regarding their impact and effects on enhanced productivity, microparticle incorporation behavior into the biopellets, the viability of pellets, and morphological changes. Glass microparticles (10 g·L-1) with a median diameter of 7.9 µm, for instance, induced an up to fourfold increase in product synthesis accompanied by overall enhanced viability of biomass. Furthermore, structural elucidations showed that biopellets isolated from MPEC tend to have lower hyphal density than unsupplemented control pellets. In this context, oxygen microprofiling was conducted to better understand how internal structural changes interwind with oxygen supply into the pellets. Here, the resulting oxygen profiles are of a contradictive trend of steeper oxygen consumption with increasing glass microparticle supplementation. Eventually, MPEC was combined with another promising cultivation strategy, the supplementation of soy lecithin (7.5 g·L-1), to further increase the cultivation performance. A combination of both techniques in an optimized setup resulted in a rebeccamycin concentration of 213 mg·L-1 after 10 days of cultivation, the highest value published so far for microparticle-supplemented shake flask cultivations of L. aerocolonigenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dinius
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schrinner
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marcel Schrader
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Zuzanna Justyna Kozanecka
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Henry Brauns
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Leon Klose
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hannah Weiß
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Arno Kwade
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rainer Krull
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Rainer Krull,
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Laible AR, Dinius A, Schrader M, Krull R, Kwade A, Briesen H, Schmideder S. Effects and interactions of metal oxides in microparticle-enhanced cultivation of filamentous microorganisms. Eng Life Sci 2022; 22:725-743. [PMID: 36514528 PMCID: PMC9731605 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202100075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamentous microorganisms are used as molecular factories in industrial biotechnology. In 2007, a new approach to improve productivity in submerged cultivation was introduced: microparticle-enhanced cultivation (MPEC). Since then, numerous studies have investigated the influence of microparticles on the cultivation. Most studies considered MPEC a morphology engineering approach, in which altered morphology results in increased productivity. But sometimes similar morphological changes lead to decreased productivity, suggesting that this hypothesis is not a sufficient explanation for the effects of microparticles. Effects of surface chemistry on particles were paid little attention, as particles were often considered chemically-inert and bioinert. However, metal oxide particles strongly interact with their environment. This review links morphological, physical, and chemical properties of microparticles with effects on culture broth, filamentous morphology, and molecular biology. More precisely, surface chemistry effects of metal oxide particles lead to ion leaching, adsorption of enzymes, and generation of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, microparticles interfere with gene regulation, metabolism, and activity of enzymes. To enhance the understanding of microparticle-based morphology engineering, further interactions between particles and cells are elaborated. The presented description of phenomena occurring in MPEC eases the targeted choice of microparticles, and thus, contributes to improving the productivity of microbial cultivation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Reiner Laible
- School of Life SciencesChair of Process Systems EngineeringTechnische Universität MünchenFreisingGermany
| | - Anna Dinius
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
- Center of Pharmaceutical EngineeringTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
| | - Marcel Schrader
- Center of Pharmaceutical EngineeringTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
- Institute for Particle TechnologyTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
| | - Rainer Krull
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
- Center of Pharmaceutical EngineeringTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
| | - Arno Kwade
- Center of Pharmaceutical EngineeringTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
- Institute for Particle TechnologyTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
| | - Heiko Briesen
- School of Life SciencesChair of Process Systems EngineeringTechnische Universität MünchenFreisingGermany
| | - Stefan Schmideder
- School of Life SciencesChair of Process Systems EngineeringTechnische Universität MünchenFreisingGermany
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7
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Doppler P, Kriechbaum R, Spadiut O. High-throughput characterization of the filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. using flow cytometry. J Microbiol Methods 2022; 199:106510. [PMID: 35697185 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2022.106510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In stirred-tank photobioreactors agitation causes fragmentation of filamentous cyanobacteria. Here, we introduce a flow cytometric approach for high-throughput measurements of trichome dimensions, heterocysts and metabolic activity of Anabaena sp. cultures. The longest characterized trichome had 1135 μm chain length. This technology could potentially be used for monitoring and control purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Doppler
- Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ricarda Kriechbaum
- Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
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8
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Müller H, Barthel L, Schmideder S, Schütze T, Meyer V, Briesen H. From spores to fungal pellets: a new high throughput image analysis highlights the structural development of Aspergillus niger. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:2182-2195. [PMID: 35477834 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Many filamentous fungi are exploited as cell factories in biotechnology. Cultivated under industrially relevant submerged conditions, filamentous fungi can adopt different macromorphologies ranging from dispersed mycelia over loose clumps to pellets. Central to the development of a pellet morphology is the agglomeration of spores after inoculation followed by spore germination and outgrowth into a pellet population which is usually very heterogeneous. As the dynamics underlying population heterogeneity are not yet fully understood, we present here a new high-throughput image analysis pipeline based on stereomicroscopy to comprehensively assess the developmental program starting from germination up to pellet formation. To demonstrate the potential of this pipeline, we used data from 44 sampling times harvested during a 48 h submerged batch cultivation of the fungal cell factory Aspergillus niger. The analysis of up to 1700 spore agglomerates and 1500 pellets per sampling time allowed the precise tracking of the morphological development of the overall culture. The data gained were used to calculate size distributions and area fractions of spores, spore agglomerates, spore agglomerates within pellets, pellets, and dispersed mycelia. This approach eventually enables the quantification of culture heterogeneities and pellet breakage. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri Müller
- Technical University of Munich, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Process Systems Engineering, Freising, Germany
| | - Lars Barthel
- Chair of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Schmideder
- Technical University of Munich, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Process Systems Engineering, Freising, Germany
| | - Tabea Schütze
- Chair of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vera Meyer
- Chair of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiko Briesen
- Technical University of Munich, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Process Systems Engineering, Freising, Germany
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9
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Fungal morphology: a challenge in bioprocess engineering industries for product development. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2021.100729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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10
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Nie Y, Wang Z, Zhang R, Ma J, Zhang H, Li S, Li J. Aspergillus oryzae, a novel eco-friendly fungal bioflocculant for turbid drinking water treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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11
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Mooranian A, Jones M, Ionescu CM, Walker D, Wagle SR, Kovacevic B, Chester J, Foster T, Johnston E, Mikov M, Al-Salami H. Advancements in Assessments of Bio-Tissue Engineering and Viable Cell Delivery Matrices Using Bile Acid-Based Pharmacological Biotechnologies. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1861. [PMID: 34361247 PMCID: PMC8308343 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The utilisation of bioartificial organs is of significant interest to many due to their versatility in treating a wide range of disorders. Microencapsulation has a potentially significant role in such organs. In order to utilise microcapsules, accurate characterisation and analysis is required to assess their properties and suitability. Bioartificial organs or transplantable microdevices must also account for immunogenic considerations, which will be discussed in detail. One of the most characterized cases is the investigation into a bioartificial pancreas, including using microencapsulation of islets or other cells, and will be the focus subject of this review. Overall, this review will discuss the traditional and modern technologies which are necessary for the characterisation of properties for transplantable microdevices or organs, summarizing analysis of the microcapsule itself, cells and finally a working organ. Furthermore, immunogenic considerations of such organs are another important aspect which is addressed within this review. The various techniques, methodologies, advantages, and disadvantages will all be discussed. Hence, the purpose of this review is providing an updated examination of all processes for the analysis of a working, biocompatible artificial organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Mooranian
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Melissa Jones
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Corina Mihaela Ionescu
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Daniel Walker
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Susbin Raj Wagle
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Bozica Kovacevic
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Chester
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Thomas Foster
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Edan Johnston
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Momir Mikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21101 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; (A.M.); (M.J.); (C.M.I.); (D.W.); (S.R.W.); (B.K.); (J.C.); (T.F.); (E.J.)
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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12
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Schrinner K, Schrader M, Niebusch J, Althof K, Schwarzer FA, Nowka PF, Dinius A, Kwade A, Krull R. Macroparticle-enhanced cultivation of Lentzea aerocolonigenes: Variation of mechanical stress and combination with lecithin supplementation for a significantly increased rebeccamycin production. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:3984-3995. [PMID: 34196390 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The actinomycete Lentzea aerocolonigenes produces the antitumor antibiotic rebeccamycin. In previous studies the rebeccamycin production was significantly increased by the addition of glass beads during cultivation in different diameters between 0.5 and 2 mm and the induced mechanical stress by the glass beads was proposed to be responsible for the increased production. Thus, this study was conducted to be a systematic investigation of different parameters for macroparticle addition, such as bead diameter, concentration, and density (glass and ceramic) as well as shaking frequency, for a better understanding of the particle-induced stress on L. aerocolonigenes. The induced stress for optimal rebeccamycin production can be estimated by a combination of stress energy and stress frequency. In addition, the macroparticle-enhanced cultivation of L. aerocolonigenes was combined with soy lecithin addition to further increase the rebeccamycin concentration. With 100 g L-1 glass beads in a diameter of 969 µm and 5 g L-1 soy lecithin a concentration of 388 mg L-1 rebeccamycin was reached after 10 days of cultivation, which corresponds to the highest rebeccamycin concentrations achieved in shake flask cultivations of L. aerocolonigenes stated in literature so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Schrinner
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marcel Schrader
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jana Niebusch
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kristin Althof
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Friederike A Schwarzer
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Paul-Frederik Nowka
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Anna Dinius
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Arno Kwade
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rainer Krull
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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13
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Böl M, Schrinner K, Tesche S, Krull R. Challenges of influencing cellular morphology by morphology engineering techniques and mechanical induced stress on filamentous pellet systems-A critical review. Eng Life Sci 2021; 21:51-67. [PMID: 33716605 PMCID: PMC7923580 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202000060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamentous microorganisms are main producers of organic acids, enzymes, and pharmaceutical agents such as antibiotics and other active pharmaceutical ingredients. With their complex cell morphology, ranging from dispersed mycelia to dense pellets, the cultivation is challenging. In recent years, various techniques for tailor-made cell morphologies of filamentous microorganisms have been developed to increase product formation and have been summarised under the term morphology engineering. These techniques, namely microparticle-enhanced cultivation, macroparticle-enhanced cultivation, and alteration of the osmolality of the culture medium by addition of inorganic salts, the salt-enhanced cultivation, are presented and discussed in this review. These techniques have already proven to be useful and now await further proof-of-concept. Furthermore, the mechanical behaviour of individual pellets is of special interest for a general understanding of pellet mechanics and the productivity of biotechnological processes with filamentous microorganisms. Correlating them with substrate uptake and finally with productivity would be a breakthrough not to be underestimated for the comprehensive characterisation of filamentous systems. So far, this research field is under-represented. First results on filamentous pellet mechanics are discussed and important future aspects, which the filamentous expert community should deal with, will be presented and critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Böl
- Institute of Mechanics and AdaptronicsTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ)Technische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
| | - Kathrin Schrinner
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ)Technische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
| | - Sebastian Tesche
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ)Technische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
| | - Rainer Krull
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ)Technische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
- Institute of Biochemical EngineeringTechnische Universität BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
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14
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Tesche S, Krull R. An image analysis method to quantify heterogeneous filamentous biomass based on pixel intensity values – Interrelation of macro- and micro-morphology in Actinomadura namibiensis. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Schrinner K, Althof K, Ebersbach AT, Grosch J, Krull R. XAD Resins for Increased Rebeccamycin Productivity in Cultivations of
Lentzea aerocolonigenes. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202000131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Schrinner
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Biochemical Engineering Rebenring 56 38106 Braunschweig Germany
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering Franz-Liszt-Straße 35a 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Kristina Althof
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Biochemical Engineering Rebenring 56 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Anna Theresia Ebersbach
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Biochemical Engineering Rebenring 56 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Jan‐Hendrik Grosch
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Biochemical Engineering Rebenring 56 38106 Braunschweig Germany
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering Franz-Liszt-Straße 35a 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Rainer Krull
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Biochemical Engineering Rebenring 56 38106 Braunschweig Germany
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering Franz-Liszt-Straße 35a 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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16
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Schmideder S, Müller H, Barthel L, Friedrich T, Niessen L, Meyer V, Briesen H. Universal law for diffusive mass transport through mycelial networks. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 118:930-943. [PMID: 33169831 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Filamentous fungal cell factories play a pivotal role in biotechnology and circular economy. Hyphal growth and macroscopic morphology are critical for product titers; however, these are difficult to control and predict. Usually pellets, which are dense networks of branched hyphae, are formed during industrial cultivations. They are nutrient- and oxygen-depleted in their core due to limited diffusive mass transport, which compromises productivity of bioprocesses. Here, we demonstrate that a generalized law for diffusive mass transport exists for filamentous fungal pellets. Diffusion computations were conducted based on three-dimensional X-ray microtomography measurements of 66 pellets originating from four industrially exploited filamentous fungi and based on 3125 Monte Carlo simulated pellets. Our data show that the diffusion hindrance factor follows a scaling law with respect to the solid hyphal fraction. This law can be harnessed to predict diffusion of nutrients, oxygen, and secreted metabolites in any filamentous pellets and will thus advance the rational design of pellet morphologies on genetic and process levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schmideder
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Process Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Henri Müller
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Process Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Lars Barthel
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty III Process Sciences, Chair of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tiaan Friedrich
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Process Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Ludwig Niessen
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Technical Microbiology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Vera Meyer
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty III Process Sciences, Chair of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiko Briesen
- School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Process Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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