1
|
Lee EJ, Hong SK, Choi DH, Gum SI, Hwang MY, Kim DS, Oh JW, Lee ES. Three-dimensional visualization of cerebral blood vessels and neural changes in thick ischemic rat brain slices using tissue clearing. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15897. [PMID: 36151103 PMCID: PMC9508267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19575-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are three-dimensional (3D) in structure and precisely connected. Conventional histological methods are unsuitable for their analysis because of the destruction of functionally important topological 3D vascular structures. Tissue optical clearing techniques enable extensive volume imaging and data analysis without destroying tissue. This study therefore applied a tissue clearing technique to acquire high-resolution 3D images of rat brain vasculature using light-sheet and confocal microscopies. Rats underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion for 45 min followed by 24 h reperfusion with lectin injected directly into the heart for vascular staining. For acquiring 3D images of rat brain vasculature, 3-mm-thick brain slices were reconstructed using tissue clearing and light-sheet microscopy. Subsequently, after 3D rendering, the fitting of blood vessels to a filament model was used for analysis. The results revealed a significant reduction in vessel diameter and density in the ischemic region compared to those in contralesional non-ischemic regions. Immunostaining of 0.5-mm-thick brain slices revealed considerable neuronal loss and increased astrocyte fluorescence intensity in the ipsilateral region. Thus, these methods can provide more accurate data by broadening the scope of the analyzed regions of interest for examining the 3D cerebrovascular system and neuronal changes occurring in various brain disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Joo Lee
- Binaree, Inc., STE#608 Daegu Techbiz Center, Techno Gongwon-Ro 16, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 43017, South Korea
| | - Sung-Kuk Hong
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Gukchaebosang-Ro 680, Jung-Gu, Daegu, 41944, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Choi
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, Gwanggyo-Ro 107, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, 16229, South Korea
| | - Sang-Il Gum
- Binaree, Inc., STE#608 Daegu Techbiz Center, Techno Gongwon-Ro 16, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 43017, South Korea
| | - Mee Yul Hwang
- Binaree, Inc., STE#608 Daegu Techbiz Center, Techno Gongwon-Ro 16, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 43017, South Korea
| | - Dong Sun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Gukchaebosang-Ro 680, Jung-Gu, Daegu, 41944, South Korea
| | - Ji Won Oh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Gukchaebosang-Ro 680, Jung-Gu, Daegu, 41944, South Korea.
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-Ro 50, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-Ro 50, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Eun-Shil Lee
- Binaree, Inc., STE#608 Daegu Techbiz Center, Techno Gongwon-Ro 16, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu, 43017, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wood EK, Sullivan EL. The Influence of Diet on Metabolism and Health Across the Lifespan in Nonhuman Primates. CURRENT OPINION IN ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH 2022; 24. [PMID: 35425871 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2022.100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The macro and micronutrient composition and the overall quantity of the diet are important predictors of physical and psychological health and, as a consequence, behavior. Translational preclinical models are critical to identifying the mechanisms underlying these relationships. Nonhuman primate models are particularly instrumental to this line of research as they exhibit considerable genetic, social, and physiological similarities, as well as similarities in their developmental trajectories to humans. This review aims to discuss recent contributions to the field of diet and metabolism and health using nonhuman primate models. The influence of diet composition on health and physiology across the lifespan will be the primary focus, including recent work examining the impact of maternal diet programming of offspring physiologic and behavioral developmental outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Wood
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Elinor L Sullivan
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185 Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bourke M, Patel D, Rocca A, Maric T, Savvidou M. Effect of postbariatric maternal weight loss and surgery to conception interval on perinatal outcomes of nulliparous women. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2021; 17:1473-1479. [PMID: 34031009 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is associated with an increased risk of delivering a small neonate. The role of maternal weight loss and surgery to conception interval is unclear. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of maternal weight loss, as a result of bariatric surgery, and surgery to conception interval on fetal growth and birthweight (BW). SETTING Inner London Teaching Hospital METHODS: We studied prospectively nulliparous women with previous bariatric surgery. Information on type, time, and presurgery weight was obtained. Surgery-to-conception interval was calculated as the time between surgery and conception, defined as the fourteenth day of the pregnancy dated by first trimester ultrasound scan. In the first trimester, maternal weight was measured. Assessment of maternal weight change between presurgery and first trimester of pregnancy was defined as total weight loss (TWL) (%). Fetal ultrasound scans were performed twice; 30-32 and 35-37 weeks' gestation and estimated fetal weight (EFW) was calculated. Fetal growth rate was calculated as the ratio of EFW increase (in grams) between 30-32 and 35-37 weeks divided by the time interval (in days) between the 2 examinations. BW was recorded. RESULTS The study included 54 pregnant women, 26 with a restrictive procedure (gastric band or vertical sleeve gastrectomy) and 28 with a gastric bypass. Surgery to conception interval was not a significant predictor of the offspring's growth. Maternal TWL was a significant predictor of fetal growth rate (P = .04) and predictor of BW (P = .005), even after adjustment for confounders. CONCLUSIONS Maternal weight loss, as a result of bariatric surgery, has an inverse correlation with fetal growth rate and BW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Bourke
- Department of Research & Development, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Deesha Patel
- Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Rocca
- Department of Research & Development, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tanya Maric
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Makrina Savvidou
- Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Fetal Medicine Unit, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sargent J, Roberts V, D'Souza K, Wright A, Gaffney J, Frias A. Correction: Micro-anatomic alterations of the placenta in a non-human primate model of gestational protein-restriction. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242769. [PMID: 33201922 PMCID: PMC7671524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|