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Park E, Jang TS, Kim JK. Evaluation of Physical Properties of Coated Polydioxanone Threads. Dermatol Surg 2024; 50:360-365. [PMID: 38318968 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000004074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using a thread for wound closure promotes healing and minimizes contamination by foreign substances. Threads have also been employed in esthetic surgery; however, functional threads that can improve wrinkles and rejuvenate the skin are required. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the suitability of polydioxanone threads coated with polyethylene glycol, hyaluronic acid, and amino acids for use in the medical field because such formulations are expected to promote regeneration and collagen synthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Physical properties (diameter [ n = 20], tensile strength [ n = 20], strength retention rate [ n = 10], and scanning electron microscopy images) and cytotoxicity (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays) of polydioxanone threads coated with polyethylene glycol, hyaluronic acid, and amino acids were assessed and compared with those of uncoated polydioxanone threads. Analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics (Statistical significance; p values <.05). RESULTS The size standards for tensile strength (≥63.5 N) and diameter (average 0.570-0.610 mm) were met. There were no differences in the physical properties of the coated and uncoated threads; however, the biocompatibility of coated threads was high owing to low cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION Threads coated with materials that can promote regeneration are suitable for use in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- EunJi Park
- Department of Medical Laser, Graduate School of Medicine, Dankook University, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Tae Su Jang
- Department of Health Administration, College of Health and Welfare, Dankook University, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health and Welfare, Dankook University, Chungnam, South Korea
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Kuperkar K, Atanase LI, Bahadur A, Crivei IC, Bahadur P. Degradable Polymeric Bio(nano)materials and Their Biomedical Applications: A Comprehensive Overview and Recent Updates. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:206. [PMID: 38257005 PMCID: PMC10818796 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Degradable polymers (both biomacromolecules and several synthetic polymers) for biomedical applications have been promising very much in the recent past due to their low cost, biocompatibility, flexibility, and minimal side effects. Here, we present an overview with updated information on natural and synthetic degradable polymers where a brief account on different polysaccharides, proteins, and synthetic polymers viz. polyesters/polyamino acids/polyanhydrides/polyphosphazenes/polyurethanes relevant to biomedical applications has been provided. The various approaches for the transformation of these polymers by physical/chemical means viz. cross-linking, as polyblends, nanocomposites/hybrid composites, interpenetrating complexes, interpolymer/polyion complexes, functionalization, polymer conjugates, and block and graft copolymers, are described. The degradation mechanism, drug loading profiles, and toxicological aspects of polymeric nanoparticles formed are also defined. Biomedical applications of these degradable polymer-based biomaterials in and as wound dressing/healing, biosensors, drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine, etc., are highlighted. In addition, the use of such nano systems to solve current drug delivery problems is briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan Kuperkar
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Ichchhanath, Piplod, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India;
| | - Leonard Ionut Atanase
- Faculty of Medical Dentistry, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 700511 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anita Bahadur
- Department of Zoology, Sir PT Sarvajanik College of Science, Surat 395001, Gujarat, India;
| | - Ioana Cristina Crivei
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Life Sciences, 700449 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Pratap Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University (VNSGU), Udhana-Magdalla Road, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India;
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Kurowiak J, Klekiel T, Będziński R. Biodegradable Polymers in Biomedical Applications: A Review-Developments, Perspectives and Future Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16952. [PMID: 38069272 PMCID: PMC10707259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers are materials that, thanks to their remarkable properties, are widely understood to be suitable for use in scientific fields such as tissue engineering and materials engineering. Due to the alarming increase in the number of diagnosed diseases and conditions, polymers are of great interest in biomedical applications especially. The use of biodegradable polymers in biomedicine is constantly expanding. The application of new techniques or the improvement of existing ones makes it possible to produce materials with desired properties, such as mechanical strength, controlled degradation time and rate and antibacterial and antimicrobial properties. In addition, these materials can take virtually unlimited shapes as a result of appropriate design. This is additionally desirable when it is necessary to develop new structures that support or restore the proper functioning of systems in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Romuald Będziński
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Material and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, Licealna 9 Street, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland; (J.K.); (T.K.)
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Loskot J, Jezbera D, Zmrhalová ZO, Nalezinková M, Alferi D, Lelkes K, Voda P, Andrýs R, Fučíková AM, Hosszú T, Bezrouk A. A Complex In Vitro Degradation Study on Polydioxanone Biliary Stents during a Clinically Relevant Period with the Focus on Raman Spectroscopy Validation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050938. [PMID: 35267761 PMCID: PMC8912347 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable biliary stents are promising treatments for biliary benign stenoses. One of the materials considered for their production is polydioxanone (PPDX), which could exhibit a suitable degradation time for use in biodegradable stents. Proper material degradation characteristics, such as sufficient stiffness and disintegration resistance maintained for a clinically relevant period, are necessary to ensure stent safety and efficacy. The hydrolytic degradation of commercially available polydioxanone biliary stents (ELLA-CS, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was studied. During 9 weeks of degradation, structural, physical, and surface changes were monitored using Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and tensile and torsion tests. It was found that the changes in mechanical properties are related to the increase in the ratio of amorphous to crystalline phase, the so-called amorphicity. Monitoring the amorphicity using Raman spectroscopy has proven to be an appropriate method to assess polydioxanone biliary stent degradation. At the 1732 cm−1 Raman peak, the normalized shoulder area is less than 9 cm−1 which indicates stent disintegration. The stent disintegration started after 9 weeks of degradation in PBS, which agrees with previous in vitro studies on polydioxanone materials as well as with in vivo studies on polydioxanone biliary stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Loskot
- Department of Physics, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (J.L.); (D.J.)
| | - Daniel Jezbera
- Department of Physics, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (J.L.); (D.J.)
| | - Zuzana Olmrová Zmrhalová
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 95, 530 02 Pardubice, Czech Republic;
| | - Martina Nalezinková
- Department of Biology, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.N.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Dino Alferi
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (D.A.); (K.L.); (P.V.)
| | - Krisztina Lelkes
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (D.A.); (K.L.); (P.V.)
| | - Petr Voda
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (D.A.); (K.L.); (P.V.)
| | - Rudolf Andrýs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Alena Myslivcová Fučíková
- Department of Biology, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.N.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Tomáš Hosszú
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Sokolská 581, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Bezrouk
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (D.A.); (K.L.); (P.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Characterizing the Mechanical Performance of a Bare-Metal Stent with an Auxetic Cell Geometry. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12020910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study develops and characterizes the distinctive mechanical features of a stainless-steel metal stent with a tailored structure. A high-precision femtosecond laser was used to micromachine a stent with re-entrant hexagonal (auxetic) cell geometry. We then characterized its mechanical behavior under various mechanical loadings using in vitro experiments and through finite element analysis. The stent properties, such as the higher capability of the stent to bear upon bending, exceptional advantage at elevated levels of twisting angles, and proper buckling, all ensured a preserved opening to maintain the blood flow. The outcomes of this preliminary study present a potential design for a stent with improved physiologically relevant mechanical conditions such as longitudinal contraction, radial strength, and migration of the stent.
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Loskot J, Jezbera D, Bezrouk A, Doležal R, Andrýs R, Francová V, Miškář D, Myslivcová Fučíková A. Raman Spectroscopy as a Novel Method for the Characterization of Polydioxanone Medical Stents Biodegradation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14185462. [PMID: 34576686 PMCID: PMC8467320 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Polydioxanone (PPDX), as an FDA approved polymer in tissue engineering, is an important component of some promising medical devices, e.g., biodegradable stents. The hydrolytic degradation of polydioxanone stents plays a key role in the safety and efficacy of treatment. A new fast and convenient method to quantitatively evaluate the hydrolytic degradation of PPDX stent material was developed. PPDX esophageal stents were degraded in phosphate-buffered saline for 24 weeks. For the first time, the changes in Raman spectra during PPDX biodegradation have been investigated here. The level of PPDX hydrolytic degradation was determined from the Raman spectra by calculating the area under the 1732 cm-1 peak shoulder. Raman spectroscopy, unlike Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, is also sensitive enough to monitor the decrease in the dye content in the stents during the degradation. Observation by a scanning electron microscope showed gradually growing cracks, eventually leading to the stent disintegration. The material crystallinity was increasing during the first 16 weeks, suggesting preferential degradation of the amorphous phase. Our results show a new easy and reliable way to evaluate the progression of PPDX hydrolytic degradation. The proposed approach can be useful for further studies on the behavior of PPDX materials, and for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Loskot
- Department of Physics, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (J.L.); (D.J.); (D.M.)
| | - Daniel Jezbera
- Department of Physics, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (J.L.); (D.J.); (D.M.)
| | - Aleš Bezrouk
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Rafael Doležal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (R.D.); (R.A.)
| | - Rudolf Andrýs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (R.D.); (R.A.)
| | - Vendula Francová
- ELLA-CS, s.r.o., Milady Horákové 504/45, 500 06 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Dominik Miškář
- Department of Physics, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (J.L.); (D.J.); (D.M.)
| | - Alena Myslivcová Fučíková
- Department of Biology, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
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