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Na MJ, Kim JK. Characteristics of factor V and protein C based on results from Korean testing centers. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2024; 35:173-179. [PMID: 38477838 PMCID: PMC11064905 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000001296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The global incidence of thrombosis is increasing. However, research on thrombosis in the context of Korea is scarce. We aimed to analyze the relationship between factor V and protein C test results and thrombosis in Koreans through a domestic commissioned testing institution conducting mass examinations. METHODS Results of factor V and protein C tests of 1386 individuals referred simultaneously to EONE Laboratories (Incheon, Republic of Korea) from January 2017 to July 2023 were analyzed retrospectively to identify the association with thrombotic disease. The tests were performed using a STAR MAX (Diagnostica Stago, Asnieres, France) automatic blood coagulation analyzer. The results were analyzed by age and sex. RESULTS The inspection rate increased gradually from 2017 to 2022. Women (70.0%) demonstrated a higher test rate than did men (30.0%). Young women reported high test rates; the test rate and age distribution differed by sex. Women aged between 20 and 49 years reported lower factor V and higher protein C concentrations than did men between 20 and 49 years of age. CONCLUSIONS The tests were more commonly performed in women than in men. Women aged between 20 and 49 years reported lower factor V concentrations and higher protein C concentrations than men between 20 and 49 years of age. This study will facilitate recognizing and preventing thrombotic diseases in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Na
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
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Kim DK, Lee KC, Kim JK. Sacroiliitis in inflammatory bowel disease on abdominal computed tomography: prevalence, misses, and associated factors. Scand J Rheumatol 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38686835 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2024.2337453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence and rate of a missed diagnosis of sacroiliitis on abdominal computed tomography (CT) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Factors associated with sacroiliitis were also assessed. METHOD This retrospective study included 210 patients with IBD (mean age 31.1 years) who underwent abdominal CT. Based on a validated abdominal CT scoring tool, bilateral sacroiliac (SI) joints on abdominal CT in the whole study population were retrospectively reviewed. Subsequently, patients were classified into the 'patients with sacroiliitis' group and the 'patients without sacroiliitis' group. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to clarify the factors associated with sacroiliitis. RESULTS Sacroiliitis was identified in 26 out of 210 patients (12.4%). However, sacroiliitis was recognized on the primary reading in only five of these 26 patients (19.2%) and was missed on the initial report in the remaining 21 patients (80.8%). Among the 21 patients, 20 (95.2%) were finally diagnosed with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). There was a higher prevalence of female sex (p = 0.04), upper gastrointestinal involvement (p = 0.04), and back pain (p < 0.01) in patients with sacroiliitis than in those without sacroiliitis. However, on multivariate analysis, back pain was the only factor associated with sacroiliitis (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Physicians should carefully evaluate SI joints on abdominal CT in patients with IBD to enable early detection of sacroiliitis, potentially leading to an early diagnosis of axSpA. In addition, if patients with IBD present with back pain, the possibility of sacroiliitis should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Kim
- Department of Radiology, The Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-C Lee
- Department of Radiology, The Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Radiology, The Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Park E, Jang TS, Kim JK. Evaluation of Physical Properties of Coated Polydioxanone Threads. Dermatol Surg 2024; 50:360-365. [PMID: 38318968 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000004074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using a thread for wound closure promotes healing and minimizes contamination by foreign substances. Threads have also been employed in esthetic surgery; however, functional threads that can improve wrinkles and rejuvenate the skin are required. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the suitability of polydioxanone threads coated with polyethylene glycol, hyaluronic acid, and amino acids for use in the medical field because such formulations are expected to promote regeneration and collagen synthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Physical properties (diameter [ n = 20], tensile strength [ n = 20], strength retention rate [ n = 10], and scanning electron microscopy images) and cytotoxicity (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays) of polydioxanone threads coated with polyethylene glycol, hyaluronic acid, and amino acids were assessed and compared with those of uncoated polydioxanone threads. Analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics (Statistical significance; p values <.05). RESULTS The size standards for tensile strength (≥63.5 N) and diameter (average 0.570-0.610 mm) were met. There were no differences in the physical properties of the coated and uncoated threads; however, the biocompatibility of coated threads was high owing to low cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION Threads coated with materials that can promote regeneration are suitable for use in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- EunJi Park
- Department of Medical Laser, Graduate School of Medicine, Dankook University, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Tae Su Jang
- Department of Health Administration, College of Health and Welfare, Dankook University, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health and Welfare, Dankook University, Chungnam, South Korea
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Hong YJ, Jung BK, Kim JK. Epidemiological Characterization of Respiratory Pathogens Using the Multiplex PCR FilmArray™ Respiratory Panel. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:734. [PMID: 38611647 PMCID: PMC11011807 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Various pathogens can cause upper respiratory tract infections, presenting challenges in accurate diagnosis due to similar symptomatology. Therefore, rapid and precise diagnostic tests are crucial for effective treatment planning. Traditional culture-based methods for diagnosis are limited by their reliance on skilled personnel and lengthy processing times. In contrast, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques offer enhanced accuracy and speed in identifying respiratory pathogens. In this study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of the FilmArray™ Respiratory Panel (RP), a multiplex PCR test capable of simultaneously screening 20 pathogens. This retrospective analysis was conducted at Dankook University Hospital, South Korea, between January 2018 and December 2022. Samples from patients with upper respiratory tract infections were analyzed. Results revealed adenovirus as the most prevalent pathogen (18.9%), followed by influenza virus A (16.5%), among others. Notably, a 22.5% co-infection rate was observed. The FilmArray™ RP method successfully identified 20 pathogens within 2 h, facilitating prompt treatment decisions and mitigating unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions. This study underscores the utility of multiplex PCR in respiratory pathogen identification, offering valuable insights for epidemiological surveillance and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jun Hong
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Bo Kyeung Jung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
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Lee Y, Jang TS, Kim JK. Effects of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Prevalence of Acute Respiratory Viruses: Changes during the Pandemic. J Glob Infect Dis 2024; 16:27-32. [PMID: 38680753 PMCID: PMC11045149 DOI: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_155_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have influenced the prevalence and seasonality of acute respiratory viral infections. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of all viruses causing acute viral respiratory infections before and after social distancing measures were lifted. Methods Cross-sectional study where outpatients and inpatients at Kyunghee University Hospital were examined. From January 2021 to December 2022, respiratory samples were analyzed using multiplex reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Of 3953 samples obtained, 412 (10.42%) were positive for acute respiratory viral infection, and 502 viruses were detected. The number of viral infections increased from 184 in 2021 to 318 in 2022. Human metapneumovirus was detected from August to November 2022. Human bocavirus (HBoV) was frequently detected from April to June 2021; however, in 2022, HBoV was frequently detected from July to October. Human parainfluenza virus 3 was rarely detected after its initial frequent detection from October to December 2021 but was continuously observed after frequent detection in September 2022. Co-infection occurred in 78 (18.9%) cases. The most common combination of simultaneous infections was human rhinovirus-HBoV (n = 30, 38.5%). Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence of acute respiratory viral infection decreased significantly but increased in 2022 when measures were lifted. The prevalence and seasonality of respiratory viral infections have changed since the pandemic. Our findings contribute to the prediction of an effective response to changes in the prevalence of respiratory viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghee Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health and Welfare, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Su Jang
- Department of Health Administration, Dankook University College of Health and Welfare, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health and Welfare, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
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Yun H, Park JW, Kim JK. A Comparative Evaluation of HbA1c Measurement Methods and Their Implications for Diabetes Management. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3449. [PMID: 37998585 PMCID: PMC10670690 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13223449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we assessed the correlations between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) measurements obtained using three different diagnostic methods, namely reversed-phase cation-exchange chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and lateral flow immunoassay (LIFA) with an AnyLab F instrument. HbA1c levels measured with the AnyLab F instrument and those measured with the HA8190V, HA8180, and D100 instruments were strongly correlated. High R-square values and low p-values indicated significant and reliable correlations, supporting the clinical interchangeability of these methods. Notably, demographic and clinical analyses revealed uniform HbA1c levels across age groups, suggesting minimal age-related variations in HbA1c levels in the cohort. This finding has implications for diabetes management strategies across different age groups, emphasizing the versatility of the AnyLab F instrument. Overall an average HbA1c level of 7.857% among diabetes mellitus-diagnosed participants suggests moderately elevated HbA1c levels, underscoring the need for improved diabetes management. Younger individuals exhibited lower HbA1c levels, potentially owing to heightened awareness and treatment plan adherence. Conversely, older adults had higher HbA1c levels, likely influenced by age-related changes and comorbidities. Larger sample sizes and a comprehensive evaluation of various measurement principles are needed to strengthen the findings herein. Additionally, exploring additional biomarkers and assessing LIFA performance in larger sample sets will advance the clinical utility of HbA1c measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeokjun Yun
- Department of Medical Laser, Graduate School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joo won Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Medical Laser, Graduate School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health & Welfare, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Whitcroft KL, Altundag A, Balungwe P, Boscolo-Rizzo P, Douglas R, Enecilla MLB, Fjaeldstad AW, Fornazieri MA, Frasnelli J, Gane S, Gudziol H, Gupta N, Haehner A, Hernandez AK, Holbrook EH, Hopkins C, Hsieh JW, Huart C, Husain S, Kamel R, Kim JK, Kobayashi M, Konstantinidis I, Landis BN, Lechner M, Macchi A, Mazal PP, Miri I, Miwa T, Mori E, Mullol J, Mueller CA, Ottaviano G, Patel ZM, Philpott C, Pinto JM, Ramakrishnan VR, Roth Y, Schlosser RJ, Stjärne P, Van Gerven L, Vodicka J, Welge-Luessen A, Wormald PJ, Hummel T. Position paper on olfactory dysfunction: 2023. Rhinology 2023; 61:1-108. [PMID: 37454287 DOI: 10.4193/rhin22.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since publication of the original Position Paper on Olfactory Dysfunction in 2017 (PPOD-17), the personal and societal burden of olfactory disorders has come sharply into focus through the lens of the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinicians, scientists and the public are now more aware of the importance of olfaction, and the impact of its dysfunction on quality of life, nutrition, social relationships and mental health. Accordingly, new basic, translational and clinical research has resulted in significant progress since the PPOD-17. In this updated document, we present and discuss currently available evidence for the diagnosis and management of olfactory dysfunction. Major updates to the current version include, amongst others: new recommendations on olfactory related terminology; new imaging recommendations; new sections on qualitative OD and COVID-19 OD; updated management section. Recommendations were agreed by all co-authors using a modified Delphi process. CONCLUSIONS We have provided an overview of current evidence and expert-agreed recommendations for the definition, investigation, and management of OD. As for our original Position Paper, we hope that this updated document will encourage clinicians and researchers to adopt a common language, and in so doing, increase the methodological quality, consistency, and generalisability of work in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Whitcroft
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- and UCL Ear Institute, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- and The Centre for Olfactory Research and Applications, Institute of Philosophy, School of Advanced Studies, University of London, London, UK
| | - A Altundag
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul Surgery Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - P Balungwe
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Catholique de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- and Hôpital Provincial Général de Référence de Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - P Boscolo-Rizzo
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - R Douglas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - M L B Enecilla
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, St. Luke's Medical Center, Global City, Philippines
- and Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Muntinlupa, Philippines
- and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Center Taguig, Taguig, Philippines
| | - A W Fjaeldstad
- The Centre for Olfactory Research and Applications, Institute of Philosophy, School of Advanced Studies, University of London, London, UK
- and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Clinic for Flavour, Balance and Sleep, Regional Hospital Gødstrup, Herning, Denmark
- and Department of Clinical Medicine, Flavour Institute, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- and Center for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, Linacre College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M A Fornazieri
- Department of Clinical Surgery, Universidade Estadual de Londrina and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
| | - J Frasnelli
- Research Chair in Chemosensory Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- and Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - S Gane
- The Centre for Olfactory Research and Applications, Institute of Philosophy, School of Advanced Studies, University of London, London, UK
- and Royal National Throat Nose and Ear Hospital, UCLH, London
| | - H Gudziol
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - N Gupta
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - A Haehner
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - A K Hernandez
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- and Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Muntinlupa, Philippines
- and Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines - Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - E H Holbrook
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Hopkins
- Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - J W Hsieh
- Rhinology-Olfactology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Huart
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- and Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Husain
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Kamel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kobayashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - I Konstantinidis
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Second Academic Otorhinolaryngology Department, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - B N Landis
- Rhinology-Olfactology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Lechner
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
- and UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
- and ENT Department, Homerton Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Macchi
- ENT Clinic, University of Insubria, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - P P Mazal
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - I Miri
- Service Médecine Physique Réadaptation fonctionnelle, Institut Mohamed Kassab d'Orthopédie, Mannouba, Tunisia
| | - T Miwa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - E Mori
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jikei University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Mullol
- Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona
- IDIBAPS
- CIBERES. Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - C A Mueller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Ottaviano
- Department of Neurosciences DNS, Otolaryngology Section, University, Padua, Italy
| | - Z M Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - C Philpott
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
- and The Smell and Taste Clinic, James Paget University Hospital, Gorleston, UK
| | - J M Pinto
- Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - V R Ramakrishnan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University of School Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Y Roth
- The Institute for Nose and Sinus Therapy and Clinical Investigations, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Holon, Israel
| | - R J Schlosser
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - P Stjärne
- Section of Rhinology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Van Gerven
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, UZ Leuven, Belgium
- and Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Otorhinolaryngology, KU Leuven, Belgium
- and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Unit, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Vodicka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Pardubice, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - A Welge-Luessen
- University Hospital Basel - Otorhinolaryngology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - P J Wormald
- Department of Surgery-Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - T Hummel
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Kim JK, Tam M, Karp JM, Oh C, Kim G, Solomon E, Concert CM, Vaezi AE, Li Z, Tran T, Zan E, Corby P, Feron-Rigodon M, Del Vecchio Fitz C, Goldberg JD, Hochman T, Givi B, Jacobson A, Persky M, Hu KS. A Phase II Trial Evaluating Rapid Mid-Treatment Nodal Shrinkage to Select for Adaptive Deescalation in p16+ Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients Undergoing Definitive Chemoradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S68-S69. [PMID: 37784553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The purpose of this study is to determine if rapid mid-treatment nodal shrinkage (RMNS) can identify patients with p16+ oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) who can be safely deescalated with reduced dose chemoradiation therapy (CRT). The primary endpoint was 2-year progression free survival (PFS). MATERIALS/METHODS Inclusion criteria were as follows: T1-3, N1, M0 (AJCC 8th edition) p16+ OPC with <10 pack-year smoking history. All patients were initially planned for standard dose CRT (70 Gy) and weekly cisplatin. Patients were evaluated with a CT scan at week 4 for RMNS, defined as >40% nodal volumetric reduction from baseline. If RMNS was achieved, they proceeded to deescalated CRT (60 Gy). If not, they received standard CRT. Biomarker correlates were collected at baseline and week 4 of CRT including plasma TTMV (tumor tissue modified viral) HPV DNA and MRI diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). Univariate logistic regression analyses (UVA) were performed to evaluate predictors of RMNS. Odds ratios with 95% CI are reported, using a p<0.05 for statistical significance with a two-sided test. Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to evaluate differences between the two groups using p < 0.05, 2-sided) for statistical significance. All statistical procedures were performed using R () with no adjustments for multiple testing. RESULTS Thirty-six patients were enrolled: median age: 60 years; 81% male; primary site: 36% base of tongue, 53% tonsil, 11% both; T-stage: 39% T1, 50% T2, 11% T3; N-stage: 100% N1; any smoking history: 58% yes, 42% no; 67% (n = 24) had RMNS and received deescalated CRT while the remaining proceeded to standard CRT. At a median follow-up of 32.4 months, 2-year PFS between the standard and deescalated groups were 91.7% vs 90.9%, respectively (p = 0.97). All patients with recurrence underwent successful salvage treatment with 2-year OS 100% for all patients. On UVA, rapid TTMV HPV DNA clearance (baseline to week 4) (OR 12.0 [1.65-250], p = 0.034), lower MRI diffusivity (ADC) at baseline (OR 0.79 [0.61-0.97], p = 0.042) and week 4 (OR 0.76 [0.60-0.91], p = 0.009), and higher MRI diffusional kurtosis at baseline (OR 1.09 [1.01-1.21], p = 0.051) and week 4 (OR 1.24 [1.09-1.52], p = 0.009) were significantly associated with RMNS. When comparing the deescalated and standard cohorts, the mean baseline and week 4 MRI ADC were significantly lower and week 4 MRI diffusional kurtosis was significantly higher in the deescalated group. CONCLUSION In this phase II study, rapid mid-treatment nodal shrinkage appeared to select favorable risk p16+ oropharynx cancer patients for treatment de-escalation. Rapid clearance of TTMV HPV DNA at week 4 as well as MRI DWI biomarkers of low ADC and high diffusional kurtosis values were correlated with RMNS. A larger study is planned to incorporate RMNS and biomarkers for further treatment de-escalation. Additional trial information is available at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03215719).
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - M Tam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - J M Karp
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, New York City, NY
| | - C Oh
- Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - G Kim
- NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - E Solomon
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - C M Concert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - A E Vaezi
- Perlmutter Cancer Center NYU Langone Long Island, Mineola, NY
| | - Z Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - T Tran
- Department of Otolaryngology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - E Zan
- NYU School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - P Corby
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | - J D Goldberg
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - T Hochman
- NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - B Givi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A Jacobson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - M Persky
- Department of Otolaryngology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - K S Hu
- NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
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Oh EJ, Jeon JS, Wang QW, Kim JK. Early immune response of neuronal cells (U87) to heavy metal Cd or Pb exposure. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2023; 38:e2023004-0. [PMID: 37100399 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2023004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals such as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) exist as particulate matter (PM) in the air and can cause biological damage to cells, animals, and humans. However, the mechanism underlying the toxic effects of heavy metals on nerve cells has not yet been completely identified. Glioma is the most common and fatal tumor in the central nervous system; the U87 human glioblastoma cell line is commonly used when researching brain cancer, including aggressive malignant gliomas. Therefore, in this study, cell viability, cytotoxicity, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were analyzed to confirm the effect of Cd and Pb exposure on U87 cells. On confirming the absence of significant effects on cell viability at low concentrations of heavy metals, Cd and Pb exposure had no effect on lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) activity at the concentrations (1 μg/L, 30 μg/L, and 1 mg/L) used in this study, and there was a remarkable effect of Cd and Pb exposure on the inflammatory response of these cells. Our findings provide a basis for future research elucidating the effects of heavy metal exposure on cellular pathology. Systematic studies with higher heavy metal concentrations and precision are warranted to deepen our understanding of the relationship between heavy metal exposure and neuronal responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Oh
- Department of Medical Laser, Dankook University Graduate School of Medicine, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sik Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Qian-Wen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
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10
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Kim JK, Loo C, Kim JS, Pranskevich C, Gordon OK. Can Acupuncture be a Part of the Treatment for Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema? A Systematic Review of the Safety and Proposed Model for Care. Lymphology 2023; 56:27-39. [PMID: 38019877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Acupuncture is a potential therapy for breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). Despite a recent meta-analysis on efficacy, data on acupuncture safety in BCRL are lacking. Current clinical guidelines recommend avoiding needling in the upper extremity affected by lymph node dissection. We undertook a systematic review focusing on acupuncture safety and treatment protocols in clinical trials for BCRL. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Ovid, CINAHL, and Cochrane library. Eight clinical trials on acupuncture for BCRL were analyzed. The Standards of Acupuncture intervention (STRICTA 2010) and Cochrane risk of bias (RoB2 2019) were applied to assess methods for acupuncture interventions within Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. Quantity and severity of adverse events (AE) were reviewed. A total of 189 subjects participated in 8 clinical trials with 2965 acupuncture treatments. No serious adverse events (SAE) were reported regardless of treatment laterality or protocol, with only a single grade 2 skin infection in 2,965 total treatments (0.034%), including 1,165 bilateral and 225 ipsilateral treatments. Our comprehensive review of clinical trials of acupuncture for BCRL demonstrated no significant adverse events in 2,965 treatments, including 1,390 in the affected limb. An approach for routine integration of acupuncture into BCRL maintenance therapy is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Disney Family Cancer Center, Providence St Joseph Medical Center, Burbank, CA, USA
- Emperors College Traditional Oriental Medicine, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - C Loo
- Licensed Acupuncturist, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J S Kim
- Undergraduate, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - C Pranskevich
- Disney Family Cancer Center, Providence St Joseph Medical Center, Burbank, CA, USA
| | - O K Gordon
- Disney Family Cancer Center, Providence St Joseph Medical Center, Burbank, CA, USA
- St John Cancer Institute and UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Lee SJ, Jang TS, Kim JK. A retrospective study on the status of sexually transmitted co-infections in university hospitals in Korea from 2017 to 2021. Ther Adv Infect Dis 2023; 10:20499361231220154. [PMID: 38145192 PMCID: PMC10748651 DOI: 10.1177/20499361231220154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remains high worldwide. Despite the worldwide increase in the incidence of STIs every year, there are few reports on the frequency of STIs with different pathogens according to age and gender. Accordingly, a study was conducted to determine trends in co-infection with STIs by age and gender in Cheonan, South Korea from 2017 to 2021. Objectives To identify trends by age or sex in co-infection of STIs in this region. Design A retrospective study was conducted on clinical samples examined at Dankook University Hospital from January 2017 to November 2021. A total of 3297 specimens were collected from patients visiting Dankook University Hospital (Cheonan, Korea), and statistical analysis was performed on patients ranging in age from 1 day to 93 years. Methods Multiplex polymerase chain reaction, the most efficient method to diagnose a bacterial infection, was performed using an MJ Research PTC-200 Thermal Cycler (Marshall Scientific, Richmond, VA, USA) and a Seeplex STD Detection Kit (Seegene, Seoul, Republic of Korea). The co-infection rate with STI pathogens was analyzed according to age and sex. Results Of the 3297 clinical samples, 1017 (30.9%) tested positive for sexually transmitted pathogens, ranging from one to six co-infections. Analysis of the co-infection rate by age revealed that the average age gradually decreased as the total number of co-infection pathogens increased. The co-infection percentage and age distribution of STIs differed according to sex. Co-infection was more prevalent in female patients. Furthermore, co-infection in male patients occurred frequently in the 30-39-year-old group, while those in female patients occurred in the 20-29- and 30-39-year-old groups. Conclusion Our statistical analysis showed that STI co-infections were more common among younger than older people. Therefore, it helps in recognizing STIs at a young age and provides possible indicator data to prevent STIs at a young age. In addition, further research is needed on co-infection in other regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Jung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Su Jang
- Department of Health Administration, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, 119, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31116, Republic of Korea
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12
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Choi JE, Jeon JS, Kim JK. Distribution Analysis of Candida albicans according to Sex and Age in Clinical Specimen Testing for Sexually Transmitted Diseases. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 33:1-4. [DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2208.008029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Eun Choi
- Department of Public Health Science, Dankook University Graduate School, Chungnam 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sik Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Chungnam 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Chungnam 31116, Republic of Korea
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13
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Choi JE, Jeon JS, Kim JK. Distribution Analysis of Candida albicans according to Sex and Age in Clinical Specimen Testing for Sexually Transmitted Diseases. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 33:1-4. [PMID: 36457183 PMCID: PMC9895988 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2208.08029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of candidiasis, a contagious disease with high morbidity and mortality, has sharply increased globally over the last two decades. Candida albicans can cause serious infections in patients with weak immunity and in recipients of prolonged antibiotic treatment. Consequently, rapid and accurate identification of species can play an important role in the treatment of candidiasis. Here, we investigated the positive rate and infection trend of Candida albicans according to age, specimen type, and sex using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reactionbased testing of samples collected for the diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases in Korea between 2018 and 2020. When the type of specimen collected was a swab, the positive rate of Candida albicans was higher among younger women, and tended to decrease with age. Analysis of swab samples revealed higher positive rates than urinalysis. The reduction trend in positive rates by age was comparable between the overall samples and urine specimens. Among male patients, the positive rate did not differ substantially across the various types of specimens collected. Previous studies have shown a higher prevalence of non-albicans Candida species than Candida albicans in clinical specimens, and exclusion of the former from our analysis may be a limitation of this study. However, our findings contribute significantly to the literature because globally, there is a paucity of epidemiological studies using molecular techniques to detect Candida albicans in sexually transmitted disease test samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Eun Choi
- Department of Public Health Science, Dankook University Graduate School, Chungnam 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sik Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Chungnam 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Chungnam 31116, Republic of Korea
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14
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Lee SJ, Jang TS, Jeon JS, Kim JK. Coinfections with multiple sexually transmitted pathogens in Republic of Korea, 2018-2020. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24682. [PMID: 36036770 PMCID: PMC9550954 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can have serious consequences, and the global STI incidence remains high. However, there is little information on the frequency of STIs with multiple pathogens according to age. Accordingly, we conducted a study to determine the trends of coinfection with sexually transmitted pathogens according to age in the Republic of Korea from 2018 to 2020. METHODS From January 2018 to December 2020, 65,191 samples of swab, urine, and other types submitted for STI screening were obtained from U2Bio Co. Ltd. (Seoul, Republic of Korea). Multiplex polymerase chain reaction, a sensitive and rapid method for simultaneous detection of STIs caused by multiple different pathogens, was performed using an AccuPower STI4C-Plex Real-Time PCR kit, AccuPower STI8A-Plex Real-Time PCR kit, and AccuPower STI8B-Plex Real-Time PCR kit with an Exicycler 96 Real-Time Quantitative Thermal Block. RESULTS Of the 65,191 samples tested, 35,366 (54.3%) tested positive for one or more sexually transmitted pathogens. The prevalence of coinfections with two or more sexually transmitted pathogens was inversely proportional to age. Furthermore, the rates of coinfection with sexually transmitted pathogens and age distribution differed according to sex and the sexually transmitted pathogen type. CONCLUSION This study confirmed that a significant proportion of patients with STIs are coinfected with multiple pathogens. Public health managers could use these results to recognize and prevent STIs according to age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Jung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Tae Su Jang
- Department of Health Administration, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Jae-Sik Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Chungnam, Korea
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15
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Lim DK, Kim JW, Kim JK. Effects of climatic factors on the prevalence of influenza virus infection in Cheonan, Korea. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:59052-59059. [PMID: 35381925 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20070-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Big data can be used to correlate diseases and climatic factors. The prevalence of influenza (flu) virus, accounting for a large proportion of respiratory infections, suggests that the effect of climate variables according to seasonal dynamics of influenza virus infections should be investigated. Here, trends in flu virus detection were analyzed using data from 9,010 tests performed between January 2012 and December 2018 at Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea. We compared the detection of the flu virus in Cheonan area and its association with climate change. The flu virus detection rate was 9.9% (894/9,010), and the detection rate was higher for flu virus A (FLUAV; 6.9%) than for flu virus B (FLUBV; 3.0%). Both FLUAV and FLUBV infections are considered an epidemic each year. We identified 43.1% (n = 385) and 35.0% (n = 313) infections in children aged < 10 years and adults aged > 60 years, respectively. The combination of these age groups encompassed 78.1% (n = 698/894) of the total data. Flu virus infections correlated with air temperature, relative humidity, vapor pressure, atmospheric pressure, particulate matter, and wind chill temperature (P < 0.001). However, the daily temperature range did not significantly correlate with the flu detection results. This is the first study to identify the relationship between long-term flu virus infection with temperature in the temperate region of Cheonan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kyu Lim
- Department of Medical Laser, Dankook University Graduate School of Medicine, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Jong Wan Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea.
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16
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Jung BK, Ham SK, Kim JK. Comparison of Blood Test Results and Symptoms of Patients with COVID-19 Monoinfection and with COVID-19 and Influenza Virus Co-Infection. Korean J Clin Lab Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2022.54.2.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kyeung Jung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Seung Keun Ham
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan, Korea
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17
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Kim JK, Ryu SW, Kim JS, Jung BK. Performance evaluation of four rapid antibody tests for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24374. [PMID: 35446996 PMCID: PMC9110950 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prompt detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is important in the therapeutic management of infected patients. Rapid diagnostic tests are widely used for this purpose. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of four SARS‐CoV‐2 immunoglobulin IgG/IgM rapid diagnostic tests in the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2. Methods Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs and/or sputum were collected from 30 patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 and 30 healthy volunteers. All specimens were tested using four SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG/IgM rapid diagnostic tests and real‐time polymerase chain reaction. We assessed the clinical sensitivity and specificity of the tests. Results The clinical sensitivity of FREND™, SsmarTest™, BIOCREDIT™, and IVDLAB™ was 96.67%, 100.00%, 100.00%, and 96.67%, respectively, compared to real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The clinical specificity was 96.67%, 100.00%, 86.67%, and 96.67%, respectively. Conclusion These findings could expedite the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 and thus reduce the risk of further transmission of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sook Won Ryu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jae Soo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Bo Kyeung Jung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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18
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Joung YH, Jang TS, Kim JK. Association among sentinel surveillance, meteorological factors, and infectious disease in Gwangju, Korea. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:17561-17569. [PMID: 34669138 PMCID: PMC8527811 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17085-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of new infectious diseases is threatening human survival. Transmission of such diseases is determined by several factors, with climate being a very important factor. This study was conducted to assess the correlation between the occurrence of infectious diseases and climatic factors using data from the Sentinel Surveillance System and meteorological data from Gwangju, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea. The climate of Gwangju from June to September is humid, with this city having the highest average temperature, whereas that from December to February is cold and dry. Infection rates of Salmonella (temperature: r = 0.710**; relative humidity: r = 0.669**), E. coli (r = 0.617**; r = 0.626**), rotavirus (r = - 0.408**; r = - 0.618**), norovirus (r = - 0.463**; r = - 0.316**), influenza virus (r = - 0.726**; r = - 0.672**), coronavirus (r = - 0.684**; r = - 0.408**), and coxsackievirus (r = 0.654**; r = 0.548**) have been shown to have a high correlation with seasonal changes, specifically in these meteorological factors. Pathogens showing distinct seasonality in the occurrence of infection were observed, and there was a high correlation with the climate characteristics of Gwangju. In particular, viral diseases show strong seasonality, and further research on this matter is needed. Due to the current COVID-19 pandemic, quarantine and prevention have become important to block the spread of infectious diseases. For this purpose, studies that predict infectivity through various types of data related to infection are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Hyun Joung
- Department of Medical Laser, Dankook University Graduate School of Medicine, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Su Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, 119, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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Lim DK, Jeon JS, Jang TS, Kim JK. Association between climatic factors and respiratory syncytial virus detection rates in Cheonan, Korea. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:13315-13322. [PMID: 34585349 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16546-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of big data may facilitate the recognition and interpretation of causal relationships between disease occurrence and climatic variables. This study examined the effects of various climatic variables on the seasonal epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in the temperate climate of Korea. Trends in RSV detection were analyzed using 9010 samples tested between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2018, at Dankook University Hospital in Cheonan, Korea. Seasonal patterns in RSV detection frequency were compared with local climatic variables during the same period. RSV detection rate of 12.8% (n = 1150/9010) was observed, which was higher for RSV-A (7.1%) than RSV-B (5.8%) and RSV-A and RSV-B alternated each year. Children < 1 year exhibited high infection rates with RSV-A (68.5%) and RSV-B (58.7%). RSV-A and RSV-B infection rates in children under 9 years old were 96.2% and 92.1%, respectively. RSV had a significant relationship with several climatic factors. Air temperature, wind chill temperature, and particulate matter concentration were lower on days with a higher frequency of RSV detection. In contrast, atmospheric pressure was higher on days with lower RSV detection. Although the detection rates for RSV-A and RSV-B increased on days with lower air temperatures, those for RSV-B also increased on days with lower wind chill temperatures. Our findings suggest that climatic variables affect the RSV detection rate among children under 10 years of age. The present data may help predict the time when prevention strategies may be the most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kyu Lim
- Department of Medical Laser, Dankook University Graduate School of Medicine, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sik Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Tae Su Jang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, South Korea.
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20
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Rose P, Nguyen NP, Kim JK, Nguyen D. The Personal Globe Inventory: The structure of vocational interest in Vietnam. Journal of Employment Couns 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/joec.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Rose
- Department of Global Business Hannam University Daejeon South Korea
| | - Nguyen Phong Nguyen
- School of Accounting University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Global IT Business Hannam University Daejeon South Korea
| | - Diep Nguyen
- Department of Leadership and Human Resource Management Northumbria University United Kingdom
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21
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Jang DJ, Lim DK, Kim JK. Polysomnography Analysis of Electroencephalography in Patients Expending Benzodiazepine Drugs. Korean J Clin Lab Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2021.53.4.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Da Jun Jang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, General Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Dong Kyu Lim
- Department of Medical Laser, Dankook University Graduate School of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan, Korea
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22
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Oh EJ, Yuk YS, Kim JK. Laboratory investigations of herpes simplex virus-1 and -2 clinical samples in Korea. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2021; 12:385-389. [PMID: 34965687 PMCID: PMC8721267 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections have been reported in 60% to 95% of the adult population worldwide, making them one of the most common infectious conditions globally. HSV-1 and HSV-2 cause severe disease in immunocompromised patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide information that could be used to reduce the incidence of genital herpes caused by HSV-1 and HSV-2. Methods From September 2018 to December 2020, 59,381 specimens were collected from outpatients across primary and secondary hospitals in Korea who requested U2Bio (Korea) to conduct molecular biological testing of their samples for sexually transmitted infections. In this study, the positivity rates of HSV-1 and HSV-2 were analyzed according to age, sex, and specimen type. Results In the age-specific analysis of HSV-1, the highest positivity rate (0.58%) was observed in patients under 19 years of age, whereas the lowest positivity rate (0.08%) was observed in patients aged over 70 years. In the age-specific analysis of HSV-2, the highest positivity rate (2.53%) was likewise observed in patients under 19 years of age. Conclusion Our study identified differences in the infection rates of HSV-1 and HSV-2 depending on patients’ sex and age. These differences will be useful for improving disease prevention and control measures for HSV-1 and HSV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Oh
- Department of Medical Laser, Dankook University Graduate School of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Young Sam Yuk
- Department of Health Administration, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan, Korea
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23
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Yuk YS, Choi JE, Kim JK. Age and sex trends of Gardnerella vaginalis infection in patients with sexually transmitted infections in Korea. IJM 2021; 13:779-784. [PMID: 35222855 PMCID: PMC8816691 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v13i6.8079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Gardnerella vaginalis and Candida albicans are the most common causative agents of bac- terial vaginosis, and infections with these pathogens lead to inflammation, endometritis, and pruritus. The aim of this retro- spective study was to determine the trends of G. vaginalis infections based on real-time PCR data according to age and sex in patients with sexually transmitted diseases.
Materials and Methods: A total of 59,381 specimens isolated at a clinical laboratory from September 2018 to December 2020 were subjected to real-time PCR for the detection of G. vaginalis DNA. Sample types included catheter, pus, tissue, swab, and urine samples.
Results: Among 59,381 samples, 20,718 (34.8%) were positive for G. vaginalis. Of the positive samples, 13,186 (63.7%) were from male patients and 7,532 (36.3%) were from female patients. Average patient age was 39.1 years (the average age of male and female patients was 38.34 and 40.43 years, respectively). Female patients younger than 19 years exhibited the highest incidence of G. vaginalis, at 71.57%, followed by 68.46% incidence in those aged 20-29 years; the lowest incidence was in women aged 40-49 years. Further, among specimen types, the highest number of G. vaginalis-positive specimens was obtained by the swab sampling method.
Conclusion: From 2018 to 2020 in Korea, the number of tests conducted for bacterial vaginosis has increased, while the incidence of G. vaginalis infections appears to have decreased. the finding that female adolescents have a high tendency to carry the pathogen is important. and for effective surveillance of BV, sampling by cotton swabs and detection by multiplex PCR might be a good approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sam Yuk
- Department of Clinical Medical Science, Dankook University Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Eun Choi
- Department of Public Health Science, Dankook University Graduate School, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author: Jae Kyung Kim, Ph.D, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan, Republic of Korea. Tel: +82-415501451 Fax: +82-415597934
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Chun EJ, Kim JK, Yang SY, Kim SS, Kim CW. Development of a nucleic acid-based lateral flow assay to diagnose ordinary scabies. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:e282-e285. [PMID: 34758167 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E J Chun
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S S Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C W Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JK. Prognostic implication of left atrial strain in patients undergoing totally thoracoscopic ablation of atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common form of arrhythmia and associated with poor quality of life. Totally thoracoscopic ablation (TTA) is a novel minimally invasive strategy for symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) refractory to other therapy. However, some of patients undergoing TTA are still exposed to a risk of AF recurrence.
Purpose
The aim of this study is to investigate prognostic factors related with AF recurrence after TTA, and to determine the prognostic implication of left atrial (LA) strain in this population.
Methods
This was a prospective observational study. Between February 2012 and March 2015, left atrial appendage (LAA) was harvested from patients who underwent TTA in our Medical Center. Degree of LAA fibrosis was expressed as the percentage of area of positive collagen staining in the total area of the image of specimen. All echocardiographic parameters were measured in preoperative echocardiography. The primary outcome was any recurrence of AF detected in 12- lead electrocardiogram or holter monitoring during 5 years of follow-up.
Results
Out of 150 patients who underwent TTA during the study period, 129 were eligible for analysis with appropriate surgery, LAA specimen, and echocardiographic images. A mean age was 54.4±8.8 years, and 123 patients (95.3%) were male. Twenty four patients (18.6%) had paroxysmal AF and a mean CHA2DS2 VASc score was 1.1±1.2. A median value of peak longitudinal LA strain (reservoir strain) was 15.2% (IQR 12.1–19.2), and the median value of LAA fibrosis was 38.5% (IQR 33.0–44.7). Among clinical and echocardiographic variables, peak longitudinal LA strain (p<0.001) and left ventricular ejection fraction (p=0.044) were significantly associated with degree of LAA fibrosis (Figure). Of 129 patients, 47 (36.4%) experienced recurrent AF during the median 3.9 years of follow-up. In a multivariable Cox regression analysis using clinical, echocardiographic and operative parameters, peak longitudinal LA stain was the only predictor of recurrent AF (adjusted HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81–0.98, p=0.024; Table).
Conclusions
Peak longitudinal LA strain was associated with LAA fibrosis, and was a significant predictor of recurrent AF after TTA
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Oh EJ, Jang TS, Kim JK. Mycoplasma genitalium and Mycoplasma hominis infection in south Korea during 2018-2020. Iran J Microbiol 2021; 13:602-607. [PMID: 34900157 PMCID: PMC8629812 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v13i5.7423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can remain undetected and untreated; therefore, rapid diagnosis and treatment of STIs are important. Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Mycoplasma hominis (MH), and Ureaplasma urealyticum are sexually transmitted pathogens that cause asymptomatic, organ-specific, and chronic infections, thereby posing a threat to community health. Therefore, we investigated the epidemiological trends of MG and MH infections in South Korea for rapid diagnosis and treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS From September 2018 to December 2020, samples (catheter, pus, tissue, swab, and urine) were collected from outpatients of hospitals in South Korea for molecular biological venereal disease testing. DNA was extracted and analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Of the 59,381 samples analyzed, 8.78% (n=5,215) were positive for MG and MH. The MH positivity rate (5.51%, n=3,273) was higher than the MG positivity rate (3.27%, n=1,942). MG and MH positivity rates were the highest in patients aged <19 years. Men had higher MG positivity rate, whereas women had higher MH positivity rates. Furthermore, the MG-positivity rate was the highest in the swab samples of both men and women, whereas that of MH was the highest in the urine samples of men and swab samples of women. CONCLUSION We identified the differences between MG and MH positivity rates based on sex, specimen, and age. Our findings can provide information for strategies that protect public health and reduce STI incidence and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Oh
- Departmentof Medical Laser, School of Medicine, Dankook University Graduate, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Tae Su Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Departmentof Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Chungnam, South Korea
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Chun EJ, Kim JK, Yang SY, Kim SS, Kim CW. Changes in the incidence of contagious infectious skin diseases after the COVID-19 outbreak. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:e3-e4. [PMID: 34487408 PMCID: PMC8657312 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E J Chun
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S S Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C W Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Oh EJ, Kim JM, Kim JK. Interrelationship between climatic factors and incidence of FBD caused by Clostridioides difficile toxin B, Clostridium perfringens, Campylobacter spp., and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:44538-44546. [PMID: 33852115 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne diseases (FBDs) remain a global public health concern. Climatic factors such as wind-chill temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity affect the incidence of several FBDs. This study was performed to analyze how the various factors of the climate influence the incidence and severity of FBDs. This study retrospectively analyzed the results of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) tests for diarrhea-causing bacteria performed on 2300 fecal samples obtained from patients at Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, from June 2010 to December 2019. The Clostridioides difficile toxin B infection rate positively correlated with the intensity of sunshine, and the content of particulate matter. The Campylobacter spp. infection rate positively correlated with wind-chill temperature and the content of particulate matter. The Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection rate positively correlated with relative humidity. These findings may explain the dynamics and risks of Clostridioides difficile toxin B, Clostridium perfringens, Campylobacter spp., and Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection. They may help predict interrelationships among climatic factors and standardize national environmental health policies. However, in-depth research with large-scale data, molecular biology, and epidemiology would be required going forward. Future research would also require objective indicators of the changes in the prevalence of FBD-causing microbial pathogens for the effective prevention and management of these bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Oh
- Department of Medical Laser, Graduate School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Mook Kim
- Department of Health Administration, College of Health Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Dankook University, 119, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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Oh EJ, Jeon JS, Kim JK. Effects of climatic factors and particulate matter on Rotavirus A infections in Cheonan, Korea, in 2010-2019. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:44332-44338. [PMID: 33847892 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13852-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rotavirus A is the most common cause of infectious diarrhea worldwide. This study aimed to retrospectively study and analyze 4009 stool samples that were tested for viruses causing diarrhea, using multiplex reverse transcription PCR at Dankook University Hospital between 2010 and 2019. Furthermore, we determined the correlation between these factors and various climatic factors, including wind-chill temperature, relative humidity, rate of sunshine, and particulate matter. Rotavirus A infections occurred frequently in February, March, and April on an annual basis. Furthermore, during the study, the detection rate was highest at 17.0% (n=61/359) in 2011. Based on an analysis of weather big data, patient age, and period-specific infection during the summer, when the wind-chill temperature and relative humidity were high, the Rotavirus A infection rate was very low. Relative humidity (p=0.020) and particulate matter (p=0.049) were associated with the average number of monthly cases of Rotavirus A infection. However, wind chill temperature (p=0.074) and rate of sunshine (p=0.993) were not associated with the average monthly distribution of Rotavirus A cases. These results indicate that Rotavirus A infection was correlated with relative humidity and particulate matter during the study period and further the current understanding of the distribution of Rotavirus A infections resulting from climatic factors and particulate matter. This could help establish climate-related health policies to reduce the incidence of diarrhea and guide the development of vaccines against Rotavirus A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Oh
- Department of Medical Laser, Dankook University Graduate School of Medicine, 119, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sik Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, 119, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, 119, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea.
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30
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Hong SN, Kim JK, Kim JA, Cha H, Kim JY, Lim HS, Eun KM, Kim DW. Viral stimulation modulates endotype-related ACE2 expression in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Rhinology 2021; 59:460-469. [PMID: 34282808 DOI: 10.4193/rhin21.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a receptor targeted by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is highly expressed in the nasal mucosa. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) shows diverse endotypes and is aggravated by viral infection. Whether viral stimulation and CRS endotype influence ACE2 expression remains unclear. We investigated the expression of ACE2 and the transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2), which mediate the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells, and assessed polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C])-induced changes based on CRS endotype. METHODOLOGY ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression was evaluated based on CRS phenotype, endotype, and tissue type. Correlations between ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression and inflammatory mediators in nasal polyps (NP) were examined. Air-liquid interface culture experiments were performed to assess the effects of major cytokines or poly(I:C) stimulation on ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression in primary epithelial cells from healthy nasal mucosa, eosinophilic NP (ENP), and non-eosinophilic NP (NENP). RESULTS In primary nasal epithelial cells, interleukin (IL)-13 decreased ACE2 expression but increased TMPRSS2. Eosinophilic CRS showed lower ACE2 expression than non-eosinophilic CRS, regardless of CRS phenotype. CRS endotype was an independent factor associated with ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression in NP. Serum and tissue eosinophilic marker levels were inversely correlated with ACE2 expression, whereas tissue neutrophilic marker levels and ACE2 expression were positively correlated in NP. ACE2 expression was suppressed in ENP tissues; however, a combination of poly(I:C) and IL-13 induced ACE2/TMPRSS2 upregulation in ENP. CONCLUSIONS ENP tissues have lower ACE2 expression than NENP; however, viral stimulation promotes ACE2/TMPRSS2 upregulation in ENP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-N Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - J-A Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - H Cha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - J Y Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - H-S Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - K M Eun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - D W Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
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Kim DK, Lim HS, Eun KM, Seo Y, Kim JK, Kim YS, Kim MK, Jin S, Han SC, Kim DW. Subepithelial neutrophil infiltration as a predictor of the surgical outcome of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Rhinology 2021; 59:173-180. [PMID: 33129200 DOI: 10.4193/rhin20.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophils present as major inflammatory cells in refractory chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), regardless of the endotype. However, their role in the pathophysiology of CRSwNP remains poorly understood. We investigated factors predicting the surgical outcomes of CRSwNP patients with focus on neutrophilic localization. METHODS We employed machine-learning methods such as the decision tree and random forest models to predict the surgical outcomes of CRSwNP. Immunofluorescence analysis was conducted to detect human neutrophil elastase (HNE), Bcl-2, and Ki-67 in NP tissues. We counted the immunofluorescence-positive cells and divided them into three groups based on the infiltrated area, namely, epithelial, subepithelial, and perivascular groups. RESULTS On machine learning, the decision tree algorithm demonstrated that the number of subepithelial HNE-positive cells, Lund-Mackay (LM) scores, and endotype (eosinophilic or non-eosinophilic) were the most important predictors of surgical outcomes in CRSwNP patients. Additionally, the random forest algorithm showed that, after ranking the mean decrease in the Gini index or the accuracy of each factor, the top three ranking factors associated with surgical outcomes were the LM score, age, and number of subepithelial HNE-positive cells. In terms of cellular proliferation, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that Ki-67/HNE-double positive and Bcl-2/HNE-double positive cells were significantly increased in the subepithelial area in refractory CRSwNP. CONCLUSION Our machine-learning approach and immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that subepithelial neutrophils in NP tissues had a high expression of Ki-67 and could serve as a cellular biomarker for predicting surgical outcomes in CRSwNP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D-K Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital and Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Division of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - H-S Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K M Eun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Seo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M-K Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Jin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S C Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D W Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Min YK, Lee YK, Nam SH, Kim JK, Park KS, Kim JW. Quantitative and Qualitative QC of Next-Generation Sequencing for Detecting Somatic Variants: An Example of Detecting Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential. Clin Chem 2021; 66:832-841. [PMID: 32395759 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because next-generation sequencing (NGS) for detecting somatic mutations has been adopted in clinical fields, both qualitative and quantitative QC of the somatic variants through whole coding regions detected by NGS is crucial. However, specific applications or guidelines, especially for quantitative QC, are currently insufficient. Our goal was to devise a practical approach for both quantitative and qualitative QC using an example of detecting clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). METHODS We applied the QC scheme using commercial reference materials and in-house QC materials (IQCM) composed of haplotype map and cancer cell lines for monitoring CHIP. RESULTS This approach efficiently validated a customized CHIP NGS assay. Accuracy, analytical sensitivity, analytical specificity, qualitative precision (concordance), and limit of detection achieved were 99.87%, 98.53%, 100.00%, 100.00%, and 1.00%, respectively. The quantitative precision analysis also had a higher CV percentage at a lower alternative read depth (R2 = 0.749∼0.858). Use of IQCM ensured more than 100-fold reduction in the cost per run compared with that achieved using commercial reference materials. CONCLUSION Our approach determined the general analytical performance of NGS for detecting CHIP and recognized limitations such as lower precision at a lower level of variant burden. This approach could also be theoretically expanded to a general NGS assay for detecting somatic variants. Considering the reliable NGS results and cost-effectiveness, we propose the use of IQCM for QC of NGS assays at clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Kyu Min
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Young Kee Lee
- Department of Bioinformatics and Life Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Kyung Sun Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Won Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Choi SJ, Park KJ, Heo C, Park BW, Kim M, Kim JK. Radiomics-based model for predicting pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:627.e13-627.e21. [PMID: 33762138 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To develop and validate a radiomics-based model for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) using baseline computed tomography (CT) images in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A radiomics signature for predicting pathological complete response (pCR) was developed using radiomics features selected by a random forest classifier on baseline CT images, and imaging predictors were identified in the training set (87 patients). By incorporating imaging predictors and radiomics signature, an imaging-based model was constructed using multivariate logistic regression analysis and validated in an independent validation set consisting of 48 patients with CT from outside institutions. The performance and clinical usefulness of the imaging-based model for predicting pCR were evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis. Using a cut-off determined in the training set, the positive likelihood ratios of the imaging-based model were calculated and compared with imaging and histological predictors. RESULTS The radiomics signature was developed based on six stable radiomics features. An imaging-based model incorporating radiomics signature, tumour shape, tumour size, and clinical stage showed good performance for predicting pCR in both the training (AUC, 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78-0.93) and validation (AUC, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.60-0.86) sets, providing a larger net benefit in decision curve analysis. The imaging-based model showed a higher positive likelihood ratio (1.91) for pCR than imaging and histological predictors (1.33-1.63). CONCLUSIONS The radiomics-based model using baseline CT images may predict the response of patients with MIBC to NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Choi
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K J Park
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - C Heo
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - B W Park
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kim
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ahn D, Lee GJ, Choi YS, Park JW, Kim JK, Kim EJ, Lee YH. Timing and clinical outcomes of tracheostomy in patients with COVID-19. Br J Surg 2021; 108:e27-e28. [PMID: 33640938 PMCID: PMC7799185 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znaa064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this retrospective multicentre cohort study that included 27 COVID-19 patients who underwent tracheostomy, the mean time between intubation and tracheostomy was 15.8 days and the negative conversion time of COVID-19 was 43.1 days. Eleven patients (40.7%) died of COVID-19 and the use of percutaneous dilatation tracheostomy was significantly associated with in-hospital death. Timely tracheostomy could be performed in COVID-19 patients, regardless of duration of intubation or positivity of COVID-19 test, with an open surgical tracheostomy as a preferable technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ahn
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - G J Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - J W Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - E J Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y H Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Oh EJ, Kim JM, Joung YH, Kim JK. Effects of climatic factors on human parainfluenza 1, 2, and 3 infections in Cheonan, Republic of Korea. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:10018-10026. [PMID: 33164120 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Studying relationships between meteorological conditions and respiratory virus infections may help interpret the causality of disease outbreaks and provide a better understanding of the seasonal distribution of viruses. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the correlations between meteorological data and the trends of infection by human parainfluenza virus-1 (HPIV-1; also known as human respirovirus 1), human parainfluenza virus-2 (human orthorubulavirus 2), and human parainfluenza virus-3 (human respirovirus 3) using 9010 viral samples collected at Dankook University Hospital from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2018. Infection frequency data were used to detect the seasonal patterns of HPIV-1, HPIV-2, and HPIV-3 infections, and these patterns were compared with local weather data over the same period. We performed descriptive statistical analysis, frequency analysis, t test, and binomial logistic regression analysis to examine the relationships of weather and particulate matter conditions with the incidence of HPIV-1, HPIV-2, and HPIV-3 infections. The highest average infection rate with one of these three viruses (88.17%) was found in children aged 1-9 years. Specifically, the infection rate of HPIV-1 was 91.9% in children aged 1-9 years, whereas that of HPIV-2 and HPIV-3 was 86.3%. HPIV infection exhibited a meaningful relationship with climatic factors, such as temperature, wind-chill temperature, and atmospheric pressure. Our results suggest that climate changes might affect the rate of infection by HPIV. These findings may help in predicting the effectiveness of preventive strategies of HPIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Oh
- Department of Medical Laser Cooperative Curriculum, Dankook University Graduate School of Medicine, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Mook Kim
- Department of Health Administration, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - You Hyun Joung
- Department of Medical Laser Cooperative Curriculum, Dankook University Graduate School of Medicine, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, 119, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JM, Jeon JS, Kim JK. Climate and Human coronaviruses 229E and Human coronaviruses OC43 Infections: Respiratory Viral Infections Prevalence in Hospitalized Children in Cheonan, Korea. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:1495-1499. [PMID: 32807752 PMCID: PMC9728399 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2004.04052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The study of climate and respiratory viral infections using big data may enable the recognition and interpretation of relationships between disease occurrence and climatic variables. In this study, realtime reverse transcription quantitative PCR (qPCR) methods were used to identify Human respiratory coronaviruses (HCoV). infections in patients below 10 years of age with respiratory infections who visited Dankook University Hospital in Cheonan, South Korea, from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2018. Out of the 9010 patients who underwent respiratory virus real-time reverse transcription qPCR test, 364 tested positive for HCoV infections. Among these 364 patients, 72.8% (n = 265) were below 10 years of age. Data regarding the frequency of infections was used to uncover the seasonal pattern of the two viral strains, which was then compared with local meteorological data for the same time period. HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 showed high infection rates in patients below 10 years of age. There was a negative relationship between HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 infections with air temperature and wind-chill temperatures. Both HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 rates of infection were positively related to atmospheric pressure, while HCoV-229E was also positively associated with particulate matter concentrations. Our results suggest that climatic variables affect the rate in which children below 10 years of age are infected with HCoV. These findings may help to predict when prevention strategies may be most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Mook Kim
- Department of Health Administration, College of Health Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sik Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-41-550-1451 Fax: +82-41-559-7934 E-mail:
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Kim JK, Chun EJ, Yang SY, Kim KS, Kim SS, Kim CW. Development and efficacy of a nested real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to identify the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene of Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis for diagnosis and monitoring of ordinary scabies. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:1116-1117. [PMID: 32594512 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - E J Chun
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K S Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S S Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C W Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim GY, Rheem I, Joung YH, Kim JK. Investigation of occurrence patterns of respiratory syncytial virus A and B in infected-patients from Cheonan, Korea. Respir Res 2020; 21:191. [PMID: 32682419 PMCID: PMC7368615 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory infections caused by viruses affect the lower respiratory tract; these infections are severe in patients with underlying diseases and can even lead to death. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), one of the causative agents of respiratory viral infections, is the most common cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children and adults. METHODS Respiratory specimens (nasopharyngeal aspirate, nasal swab, throat swab, etc.), which were sent to the Department of laboratory medicine from January 2012 to December 2018 for detection of respiratory viruses via real time reverse transcription PCR (Real time RT-PCR) were used in this study. RSV detected by real-time RT-PCR were analyzed on the basis of co-infection, sex and age of the patients, and year and month of sample collection. RESULTS During the study period, we observed that the RSV detection rate was 12.8% (n = 1150/9010); the detection rate of RSV-A (7.1%) was higher than that of RSV-B (5.8%). The detection rate of RSV was the highest at 36.5% in December, and RSV-A and RSV-B were in vogue every year. Co-infection rate of RSVs was the highest in the patients over 80 years of age; RSVs showed the highest Co-infection with Rhinoviruses. CONCLUSIONS During the study period, prevalence was different among the two subtypes of RSV, and the average age of RSV-B-positive patients was higher than that of RSV-A. Co-infection rate tended to increase every year. RSVs cause mild as well as severe infections. There are reports of serious clinical progress as RSVs cause overlapping infections with other viruses and increase the risk of secondary bacterial infections. Thus, further research on RSV should be done.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga-Yeon Kim
- Department of of Public Health, Dankook University Graduate School, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Insoo Rheem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - You Hyun Joung
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan, South Korea.
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Kim JK, Casa D, Huang X, Gog T, Kim BJ, Kim J. Montel mirror based collimating analyzer system for high-pressure resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiments. J Synchrotron Radiat 2020; 27:963-969. [PMID: 33566005 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577520005792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) is increasingly playing a significant role in studying highly correlated systems, especially since it was proven capable of measuring low-energy magnetic excitations. However, despite high expectations for experimental evidence of novel magnetic phases at high pressure, unequivocal low-energy spectral signatures remain obscured by extrinsic scattering from material surrounding the sample in a diamond anvil cell (DAC): pressure media, Be gasket and the diamond anvils themselves. A scattered X-ray collimation based medium-energy resolution (∼100 meV) analyzer system for a RIXS spectrometer at the Ir L3-absorption edge has been designed and built to remediate these difficulties. Due to the confocal nature of the analyzer system, the majority of extrinsic scattering is rejected, yielding a clean low-energy excitation spectrum of an iridate Sr2IrO4 sample in a DAC cell. Furthermore, the energy resolution of different configurations of the collimating and analyzing optics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Diego Casa
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Xianrong Huang
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Thomas Gog
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - B J Kim
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungho Kim
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
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Kim JK, Ranjith KM, Burkhardt U, Prots Y, Baenitz M, Valldor M. Impact of inversion symmetry on a quasi-1D S = 1 system. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:225802. [PMID: 31997776 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab7134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the synthesis and magnetic properties of a novel, centrosymmetric, quasi-1D spin chain system La3VWS3O6, with hexagonal crystal structure (P63/m, a = 9.460 76(3), c = 5.518 09(2) Å). Pure powders were obtained by solid-state reactions from La2O3, WO3 and metal powders of V and W. X-ray powder diffraction, specific heat, magnetization, 139La-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electric resistivity measurements indicate that the compound is a low dimensional magnet with an S = 1 spin chain that exhibits no sign of magnetic ordering above 2 K. A single ion anisotropy (D/k B ~ 10 K), caused by magneto-crystalline effects, is probably responsible for a thermodynamic entropy release at lower temperatures, which concurs with 139La-NMR data. By detailed comparison with non-centrosymmetric Ba3V2S4O3, having a very similar magnetic lattice, it is obvious that the presence of crystallographic inversion symmetry has an effect on the behaviour of the magnetic chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany. Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
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You MK, Lee YJ, Kim JK, Baek SA, Jeon YA, Lim SH, Ha SH. The organ-specific differential roles of rice DXS and DXR, the first two enzymes of the MEP pathway, in carotenoid metabolism in Oryza sativa leaves and seeds. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:167. [PMID: 32293285 PMCID: PMC7161295 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02357-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) are the enzymes that catalyze the first two enzyme steps of the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway to supply the isoprene building-blocks of carotenoids. Plant DXR and DXS enzymes have been reported to function differently depending on the plant species. In this study, the differential roles of rice DXS and DXR genes in carotenoid metabolism were investigated. RESULTS The accumulation of carotenoids in rice seeds co-expressing OsDXS2 and stPAC was largely enhanced by 3.4-fold relative to the stPAC seeds and 315.3-fold relative to non-transgenic (NT) seeds, while the overexpression of each OsDXS2 or OsDXR caused no positive effect on the accumulation of either carotenoids or chlorophylls in leaves and seeds, suggesting that OsDXS2 functions as a rate-limiting enzyme supplying IPP/DMAPPs to seed carotenoid metabolism, but OsDXR doesn't in either leaves or seeds. The expressions of OsDXS1, OsPSY1, OsPSY2, and OsBCH2 genes were upregulated regardless of the reductions of chlorophylls and carotenoids in leaves; however, there was no significant change in the expression of most carotenogenic genes, even though there was a 315.3-fold increase in the amount of carotenoid in rice seeds. These non-proportional expression patterns in leaves and seeds suggest that those metabolic changes of carotenoids were associated with overexpression of the OsDXS2, OsDXR and stPAC transgenes, and the capacities of the intermediate biosynthetic enzymes might be much more important for those metabolic alterations than the transcript levels of intermediate biosynthetic genes are. Taken together, we propose a 'Three Faucets and Cisterns Model' about the relationship among the rate-limiting enzymes OsDXSs, OsPSYs, and OsBCHs as a "Faucet", the biosynthetic capacity of intermediate metabolites as a "Cistern", and the carotenoid accumulations as the content of "Cistern". CONCLUSION Our study suggests that OsDXS2 plays an important role as a rate-limiting enzyme supplying IPP/DMAPPs to the seed-carotenoid accumulation, and rice seed carotenoid metabolism could be largely enhanced without any significant transcriptional alteration of carotenogenic genes. Finally, the "Three Faucets and Cisterns model" presents the extenuating circumstance to elucidate rice seed carotenoid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- MK You
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - YJ Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - JK Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012 Republic of Korea
| | - SA Baek
- Division of Life Sciences and Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012 Republic of Korea
| | - YA Jeon
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - SH Lim
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874 Republic of Korea
| | - SH Ha
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
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Kim HY, Kim JK, Shin GG, Han JA, Kim JW. Association between Abdominal Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults with Normal Body Mass Index: Based on the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Obes Metab Syndr 2019; 28:262-270. [PMID: 31909369 PMCID: PMC6939698 DOI: 10.7570/jomes.2019.28.4.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal obesity predisposes individuals to cardiovascular disease, but the data in adults with normal body mass index (BMI) are relatively rare. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of subjects with normal BMI and abdominal obesity and to identify the relationship between central obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in normal BMI adults in Korea. Methods Ten thousands six hundred thirty-four adults with BMI between 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2 who participated in the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference of ≥90 cm in males and ≥85 cm in females. Through logistic regression, we analyzed the factors influencing abdominal obesity and the relationship between abdominal obesity and cardiovascular risk factors. Results The prevalence of abdominal obesity in adults with normal BMI was 6.9% for males and 7.7% for females, and this prevalence tended to increase with age. When adjusted for age and BMI, daily excessive alcohol consumption increased the risk of abdominal obesity in adults of normal weight. Women with lower socioeconomic status and men in need of walking exercise also had a higher risk of abdominal obesity. In the model adjusted for age and BMI, abdominal obesity was associated with fasting glucose intolerance and diabetes in men and hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in women. Conclusion Cardiovascular risk factors were associated with abdominal obesity in Korean adults with normal BMI. These results suggest that more careful management of abdominal obesity in those with normal weight is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Yun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, Seongnam Central Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, Seongnam Central Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Gook Gyeon Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, Seongnam Central Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin Ah Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, Seongnam Central Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin Wook Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, Seongnam Central Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Eun L, Kim SK, Kim JK. P4641Are coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease associated with iron deficiency anemia? Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) are the most important complication of Kawasaki disease (KD). Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is prevalent micronutrient deficiencies and its association with KD remains unknown. We hypothesized the presence of IDA could be a predictor of CAA.
Methods
This retrospective study included 173 KD patients, divided into two groups by absence (Group 1) and presence (Group 2) of CAA. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using a logistic regression model to estimate the association between CAA and other indicators. Due to the collinearity between the IDA indicators, each indicator was paired with anemia in 3 models.
Results
The 3 indicators of IDA, serum iron, iron saturation and ferritin, were all significantly higher in Group 1 than in Group 2. Three sets of models including anemia with iron indicators produced the odd ratio (OR) of CAA of 3.513, 3.171, and 2.256, respectively. The 3 indicators of IDA were negatively associated with CAA, by OR of 0.965, 0.914, and 0.944, respectively. The Area under the curve (AUC) of ferritin, iron saturation, serum iron, anemia, and Kobayashi score was 0.907 (95% CI, 0.851–0.963), 0.729 (95% CI, 0.648–0.810), 0.711 (95% CI, 0.629–0.793), 0.638 (95% CI, 0.545–0.731), and 0.563 (95% CI, 0.489–0.636) respectively.
Figure 1 & 3
Conclusion
The indicators of IDA, especially ferritin, were highly associated with CAA, so that they were stronger predictors compared to the Kobayashi score. The IDA indicators can be used to predict CAA development and suggest the need for early intervention.
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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Affiliation(s)
- L Eun
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S K Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J K Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Choi SY, Kim MH, Lee KM, Kim JK, Woo JY, Cho YR. P5661Validation of CHA2DS2-VA score (excluding female sex) in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients: a nationwide population-based study. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sex category (Sc, ie, female sex) confers 1 point on CHA2DS2-VASc score. So, no woman with atrial fibrillation (AF) can have a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 0. This study aimed to compare CHA2DS2-VA (excluding female sex) and CHA2DS2-VASc score in Korean AF patients.
Methods
Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, we analyzed the risk of ischemic stroke in non-valvular AF patients between 2013 and 2017. The predictive value of the CHA2DS2-VA and CHA2DS2-VASc scores for ischemic stroke was evaluated by c-statistic difference and net reclassification improvement (NRI). The propensity score matching method was used to balance covariates across male and female AF patients.
Results
A total of 182,133 patients with AF (49.2% women) were included to this study. The adjusted incidence rate (IR) of ischemic stroke was not significantly different between males and females (0.89%/y and 0.90%/y, respectively, p=0.411) in low-risk patients without risk factor. Also, no sex difference was found in high-risk patients with above 2 risk factors for ischemic stroke (4.46%/y for male and 4.49%/y for male, p=0.498). In c-statistic analysis for ischemic stroke, there was no significant difference between the CHA2DS2-VA and CHA2DS2-VASc scores (AUC 0.662 vs. 0.664, z=1.572, p=0.116). When compared with CHA2DS2-VASc score, CHA2DS2-VA score was not significantly inferior in net reclassification improvement (NRI 0.031, 95% CI 0.002–0.037, p=0.118) for ischemic stroke.
C-statistics
Conclusions
In Korean AF patients, the CHA2DS2-VA score excluding female sex is a useful risk scoring system for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Choi
- Daeu Health College, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daegu, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M H Kim
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - K M Lee
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J K Kim
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Y Woo
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y R Cho
- Dong-A University, Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Republic of)
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Jung BK, Kim JK. Laboratory Investigation of Human Rhinovirus Infection in Cheonan, Korea. Korean J Clin Lab Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2019.51.3.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kyeung Jung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dankook University College of Health Sciences, Cheonan, Korea
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Kim YS, Kim JK, Jeon ES. Effect of the Compounding Conditions of Polyamide 6, Carbon Fiber, and Al 2O 3 on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of the Composite Polymer. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12183047. [PMID: 31546895 PMCID: PMC6766354 DOI: 10.3390/ma12183047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Among the composite manufacturing methods, injection molding has higher time efficiency and improved processability. The production of composites via injection molding requires a pre-process to mix and pelletize the matrix polymer and reinforcement material. Herein, we studied the effect of extrusion process conditions for making pellets on the mechanical and thermal properties provided by injection molding. Polyamide 6 (PA6) was used as the base, and composites were produced by blending carbon fibers and Al2O3 as the filler. To determine the optimum blending ratio, the mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, and melt flow index (MI) were measured at various blending ratios. With this optimum blending ratio, pellets were produced by changing the temperature and RPM conditions, which are major process variables during compounding. Samples were fabricated by applying the same injection conditions, and the mechanical strength, MI values, and thermal properties were measured. The mechanical strength increased slightly as the temperature and RPM increased, and the MI and thermal conductivity also increased. The results of this study can be used as a basis for specifying the conditions of the mixing and compounding process such that the desired mechanical and thermal properties are obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Shin Kim
- Industrial Technology Research Institute, Kongju National University, Cheonan-daero, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31080, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea.
| | - Jae Kyung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Kongju National University, Cheonan-daero, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31080, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea.
| | - Euy Sik Jeon
- Industrial Technology Research Institute, Kongju National University, Cheonan-daero, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31080, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Kongju National University, Cheonan-daero, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si 31080, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea.
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Kwon M, Jeong EM, Kim JK, Kim EY. Light-sensitive vs temperature-sensitive pacemaker neuron's molecular clockwork in Drosophila. IBRO Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2019.07.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Abstract
Summary
A within-cluster resampling method is proposed for fitting a multilevel model in the presence of informative cluster size. Our method is based on the idea of removing the information in the cluster sizes by drawing bootstrap samples which contain a fixed number of observations from each cluster. We then estimate the parameters by maximizing an average, over the bootstrap samples, of a suitable composite loglikelihood. The consistency of the proposed estimator is shown and does not require that the correct model for cluster size is specified. We give an estimator of the covariance matrix of the proposed estimator, and a test for the noninformativeness of the cluster sizes. A simulation study shows, as in Neuhaus & McCulloch (2011), that the standard maximum likelihood estimator exhibits little bias for some regression coefficients. However, for those parameters which exhibit nonnegligible bias, the proposed method is successful in correcting for this bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lee
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, 2438 Osborn Drive, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, 2438 Osborn Drive, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - C J Skinner
- Department of Statistics, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London, WC2A 2AE, UK
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Park JO, Jeon JS, Kim JK. Epidemiologic Trends of Diarrhea-causing Virus Infection Analyzed by Multiplex Reverse Transcription PCR in Cheonan, Korea, 2010-2018. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.4014/mbl.1811.11007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Chua ME, Kim JK, Rivera KC, Ming JM, Flores F, Farhat WA. The use of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics in stented distal hypospadias repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pediatr Urol 2019; 15:138-148. [PMID: 30527683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current literature on the use of antibiotics perioperatively for many pediatric procedures, including hypospadias, is inconsistent. There is currently no clear evidence for the use of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis for stented distal hypospadias repair. OBJECTIVE This study aims to synthesize and assess the available literature on the use versus non-use of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis for stented distal hypospadias repair. METHODOLOGY Systematic literature search was performed on March 2018 for evaluation of trials that assessed the use and non-use of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics among stented distal hypospadias repair in children. Methodological quality of the studies was assessed according to the study design as recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. The outcome assessed includes composite overall posthypospadias repair complications of infection and wound healing complications. The event rate for each treatment group was extracted to extrapolate intervention relative risk (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Mantel-Haenszel method with random effect model was used in pooling of effect estimates from the included studies. Heterogeneity was assessed with subgroup analysis performed according to the study design. Publication bias was likewise determined. The protocol of this review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018087301) and reported in accordance with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULT A total of seven studies (four cohorts, three randomized controlled trials) with 986 stented distal hypospadias repairs (408 with no post-operative prophylactic antibiotics and 578 given postoperative prophylactic antibiotics) were included for the meta-analysis. Moderate to serious risk of bias was noted among the cohort studies, while the included randomized controlled trials (RCT) were of high risk of bias. Inconsistencies of effect estimates between subgroups and publication bias with small study effect were likely present. The overall pooled effect estimates comparing treatment groups showed no significant difference for outcomes of overall composite postoperative complication (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.45, 1.93). Assessment of composite infection related complications and wound healing complications likewise did not show any significant between-group differences (RR 1.28, 95% CI 0.49, 3.35 and RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.48, 2.12; respectively) (Table). Asymptomatic bacteriuria was noted to be significantly higher among the intervention group with no postoperative prophylactic antibiotics (RR 4.01, 95% CI 1.11, 14.54). CONCLUSION The available evidence to date was assessed to be of high risk. The low level of evidence generated suggests that there is limited utility in the use of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics to prevent clinically significant posthypospadias repair complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Chua
- Institute of Urology, St. Luke's Medical Center-Quezon City, Philippines; Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - J K Kim
- Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - K C Rivera
- Institute of Urology, St. Luke's Medical Center-Quezon City, Philippines
| | - J M Ming
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of New Mexico, USA
| | - F Flores
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Philippines Children's Medical Center, Philippines
| | - W A Farhat
- Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
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