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Identification and Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the FTO Gene with Indicators of Overweight and Obesity in a Young Mexican Population. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14010159. [PMID: 36672899 PMCID: PMC9858641 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: obesity is a global public health problem; various factors have been associated with this disease, and genetic factors play a very important role. Previous studies in multiple populations have associated a gene with fat mass and obesity (FTO). Thus, the present work aims to identify and determine associations between genetic variants of FTO with indicators of overweight and obesity in the Mexican population. (2) Methods: a total of 638 subjects were evaluated to compile data on body mass index (BMI), the percentage of body fat (%BF), the waist circumference (WC), the serum levels of triglycerides (TG), and food consumption. A total of 175 genetic variants in the FTO gene were sampled by a microarray in the evaluated population, followed by association statistical analyses and comparisons of means. (3) Results: a total of 34 genetic variants were associated with any of the 6 indicators of overweight and obesity, but only 15 showed mean differences using the recessive model after the Bonferroni correction. The present study shows a wide evaluation of FTO genetic variants associated with a classic indicator of overweight and obesity, which highlights the importance of genetic analyses in the study of obesity.
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2
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Kuk JL, Kamran E, Wharton S. Association between weight-loss history and weight loss achieved in clinical obesity management: Retrospective chart review. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:2071-2078. [PMID: 36150211 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Weight history and its association with the weight loss achieved in a publicly funded clinical obesity management program were examined in 9348 patients. METHODS Weight history (frequency and magnitude of weight losses) was collected through questionnaires at enrollment, and weight change was assessed with retrospective electronic medical chart review. RESULTS The majority of patients reported developing overweight prior to the age of 40 years and having lost at least 4.5 kg (10 lb) of weight at least once in their lifetime. Those who had an earlier onset of overweight had a higher frequency of past weight loss and had more cumulative weight loss over their lifetime. In women, but not men, earlier age of overweight onset and lifetime weight loss were associated with modestly greater weight loss at the clinic. CONCLUSIONS Women with greater weight-loss history also have modestly greater weight loss at the obesity management clinic. Thus, successful long-term obesity management, particularly for women, may include a series of repeated attempts at weight loss that should not be viewed as failures but could be viewed instead as practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Kuk
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elham Kamran
- The Wharton Medical Clinic, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sean Wharton
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Wharton Medical Clinic, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Bloom MS, Commodore S, Ferguson PL, Neelon B, Pearce JL, Baumer A, Newman RB, Grobman W, Tita A, Roberts J, Skupski D, Palomares K, Nageotte M, Kannan K, Zhang C, Wapner R, Vena JE, Hunt KJ. Association between gestational PFAS exposure and Children's adiposity in a diverse population. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111820. [PMID: 34343551 PMCID: PMC8616804 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely distributed suspected obesogens that cross the placenta. However, few data are available to assess potential fetal effects of PFAS exposure on children's adiposity in diverse populations. To address the data gap, we estimated associations between gestational PFAS concentrations and childhood adiposity in a diverse mother-child cohort. We considered 6 PFAS in first trimester blood plasma, measured using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, collected from non-smoking women with low-risk singleton pregnancies (n = 803). Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fat mass, fat-free mass, and % body fat were ascertained in 4-8 year old children as measures of adiposity. We estimated associations of individual gestational PFAS with children's adiposity and overweight/obesity, adjusted for confounders. There were more non-Hispanic Black (31.7 %) and Hispanic (42.6 %) children with overweight/obesity, than non-Hispanic white (18.2 %) and Asian/Pacific Islander (16.4 %) children (p < 0.0001). Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS; 5.3 ng/mL) and perfluorooctanoic acid (2.0 ng/mL) had the highest median concentrations in maternal blood. Among women without obesity (n = 667), greater perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) was associated with their children having higher WC z-score (β = 0.08, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.14; p = 0.02), fat mass (β = 0.55 kg, 95%CI: 0.21, 0.90; p = 0.002), and % body fat (β = 0.01 %; 95%CI: 0.003, 0.01; p = 0.004), although the association of PFUnDA with fat mass attenuated at the highest concentrations. Among women without obesity, the associations of PFAS and their children's adiposity varied significantly by self-reported race-ethnicity, although the direction of the associations was inconsistent. In contrast, among the children of women with obesity, greater, PFOS, perfluorononanoic acid, and perfluorodecanoic acid concentrations were associated with less adiposity (n = 136). Our results suggest that specific PFAS may be developmental obesogens, and that maternal race-ethnicity may be an important modifier of the associations among women without obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.
| | - Sarah Commodore
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Pamela L Ferguson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Brian Neelon
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - John L Pearce
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Anna Baumer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Roger B Newman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - William Grobman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alan Tita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - James Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Daniel Skupski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York-Presbyterian Queens Hospital, Queens, New York, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristy Palomares
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saint Peter's University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Michael Nageotte
- Department of Perinatology, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cuilin Zhang
- Division of Intramural Population Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ronald Wapner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John E Vena
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kelly J Hunt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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4
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Tavalire HF, Christie DM, Leve LD, Ting N, Cresko WA, Bohannan BJM. Shared Environment and Genetics Shape the Gut Microbiome after Infant Adoption. mBio 2021; 12:e00548-21. [PMID: 33785620 PMCID: PMC8092250 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00548-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition of the human gut microbiome is highly variable, and this variation has been repeatedly tied to variation in human health. However, the sources of microbial variation remain unclear, especially early in life. It is particularly important to understand sources of early life variation in the microbiome because the state of the microbiome in childhood can influence lifelong health. Here, we compared the gut microbiomes of children adopted in infancy to those of genetically unrelated children in the same household and genetically related children raised in other households. We observed that a shared home environment was the strongest predictor of overall microbiome similarity. Among those microbial taxa whose variation was significantly explained by our models, the abundance of a given taxon was more frequently explained by host genetic similarity (relatedness), while the presence of a given taxon was more dependent upon a shared home environment. This suggests that although the home environment may act as a species source pool for the gut microbiome in childhood, host genetic factors likely drive variation in microbial abundance once a species colonizes the gut.IMPORTANCE Our results demonstrate that the early life home environment can significantly alter the gut microbiome in childhood, potentially altering health outcomes or risk for adverse health outcomes. A better understanding of the drivers of gut microbiome variation during childhood could lead to more effective intervention strategies for overall health starting in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah F Tavalire
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Diana M Christie
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Leslie D Leve
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Nelson Ting
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - William A Cresko
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
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