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Zamudio R, Boerlin P, Mulvey MR, Haenni M, Beyrouthy R, Madec JY, Schwarz S, Cormier A, Chalmers G, Bonnet R, Zhanel GG, Kaspar H, Mather AE. Global transmission of extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in Escherichia coli driven by epidemic plasmids. EBioMedicine 2024; 103:105097. [PMID: 38608515 PMCID: PMC11024496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) are third and fourth generation cephalosporin antimicrobials used in humans and animals to treat infections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Resistance to ESCs (ESC-R) in Enterobacterales is predominantly due to the production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases (AmpCs). The dynamics of ESBLs and AmpCs are changing across countries and host species, the result of global transmission of ESC-R genes. Plasmids are known to play a key role in this dissemination, but the relative importance of different types of plasmids is not fully understood. METHODS In this study, Escherichia coli with the major ESC-R genes blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-14 (ESBLs) and blaCMY-2 (AmpC), were selected from diverse host species and other sources across Canada, France and Germany, collected between 2003 and 2017. To examine in detail the vehicles of transmission of the ESC-R genes, long- and short-read sequences were generated to obtain complete contiguous chromosome and plasmid sequences (n = 192 ESC-R E. coli). The types, gene composition and genetic relatedness of these plasmids were investigated, along with association with isolate year, source and geographical origin, and put in context with publicly available plasmid sequences. FINDINGS We identified five epidemic resistance plasmid subtypes with distinct genetic properties that are associated with the global dissemination of ESC-R genes across multiple E. coli lineages and host species. The IncI1 pST3 blaCTX-M-1 plasmid subtype was found in more diverse sources than the other main plasmid subtypes, whereas IncI1 pST12 blaCMY-2 was more frequent in Canadian and German human and chicken isolates. Clonal expansion also contributed to the dissemination of the IncI1 pST12 blaCMY-2 plasmid in ST131 and ST117 E. coli harbouring this plasmid. The IncI1 pST2 blaCMY-2 subtype was predominant in isolates from humans in France, while the IncF F31:A4:B1 blaCTX-M-15 and F2:A-:B- blaCTX-M-14 plasmid subtypes were frequent in human and cattle isolates across multiple countries. Beyond their epidemic nature with respect to ESC-R genes, in our collection almost all IncI1 pST3 blaCTX-M-1 and IncF F31:A4:B1 blaCTX-M-15 epidemic plasmids also carried multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes conferring resistance to other antimicrobial classes. Finally, we found genetic signatures in the regions surrounding specific ESC-R genes, identifying the predominant mechanisms of ESC-R gene movement, and using publicly available databases, we identified these epidemic plasmids from widespread bacterial species, host species, countries and continents. INTERPRETATION We provide evidence that epidemic resistance plasmid subtypes contribute to the global dissemination of ESC-R genes, and in addition, some of these epidemic plasmids confer resistance to multiple other antimicrobial classes. The success of these plasmids suggests that they may have a fitness advantage over other plasmid types and subtypes. Identification and understanding of the vehicles of AMR transmission are crucial to develop and target strategies and interventions to reduce the spread of AMR. FUNDING This project was supported by the Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance (JPIAMR), through the Medical Research Council (MRC, MR/R000948/1), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CFC-150770), and the Genomics Research and Development Initiative (Government of Canada), the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) grant no. 01KI1709, the French Agency for food environmental and occupational health & safety (Anses), and the French National Reference Center (CNR) for antimicrobial resistance. Support was also provided by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) through the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme Microbes in the Food ChainBB/R012504/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/F/000PR10348 (Theme 1, Epidemiology and Evolution of Pathogens in the Food Chain).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Zamudio
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Boerlin
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Michael R Mulvey
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3R2, Canada
| | - Marisa Haenni
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Anses - Université de Lyon, Lyon 69007, France
| | - Racha Beyrouthy
- Microbes Intestin Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2ISH), Faculté de Médecine, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand 63001, France; Centre National de Référence de la Résistance Aux Antibiotiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand 63000, France
| | - Jean-Yves Madec
- Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Anses - Université de Lyon, Lyon 69007, France
| | - Stefan Schwarz
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14163, Germany; Veterinary Centre for Resistance Research (TZR), School of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14163, Germany
| | - Ashley Cormier
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Gabhan Chalmers
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Richard Bonnet
- Microbes Intestin Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2ISH), Faculté de Médecine, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand 63001, France; Centre National de Référence de la Résistance Aux Antibiotiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand 63000, France
| | - George G Zhanel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Heike Kaspar
- Department Method Standardisation, Resistance to Antibiotics Unit Monitoring of Resistance to Antibiotics, Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety, Berlin 12277, Germany
| | - Alison E Mather
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom; University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom.
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Wang W, Wei X, Zhu Z, Wu L, Zhu Q, Arbab S, Wang C, Bai Y, Wang Q, Zhang J. Tn3-like structures co-harboring of bla CTX-M-65, bla TEM-1 and bla OXA-10 in the plasmids of two Escherichia coli ST1508 strains originating from dairy cattle in China. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:279. [PMID: 38110972 PMCID: PMC10729465 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03847-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the level of horizontal transmission of the blaCTX-M-65 gene and the role of its associated mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in the bovine-derived Escherichia coli. After PCR identification, two plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-65 were successfully transferred to the recipient E. coli J53 Azr through conjugation assays and subsequently selected for Whole-Genome sequencing (WGS) analysis. The resistance profiles of these two positive strains and their transconjugants were also determined through antimicrobial susceptibility tests. Whole genome data were acquired using both the PacBio sequencing platform and the Illumina data platform. The annotated results were then submitted to the Genbank database for accession number recording. For comparison, the genetic environment of plasmids carrying the resistance gene blaCTX-M-65 was mapped using the Easyfig software. WGS analysis revealed Tn3-like composite transposons bearing blaCTX-M-65, blaTEM-1, and blaOXA-10 in the IncHI2-type plasmids of these two E. coli ST1508 strains. A phylogenetic tree was generated from all 48 assembled E. coli isolates blaCTX-M-65, blaTEM-1, and blaOXA-10 from the NCBI Pathogen Detection database with our two isolates, showing the relationships and the contribution of SNPs to the diversity between genetic samples. This study suggests that the transmissibility of blaCTX-M-65 on Tn3-like composite transposons contributes to an increased risk of its transmission in E. coli derived from dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangouyan, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangouyan, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangouyan, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei Province, 056038, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangouyan, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangouyan, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei Province, 056038, People's Republic of China
| | - Safia Arbab
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangouyan, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengye Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangouyan, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei Province, 056038, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubin Bai
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangouyan, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangouyan, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicines, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China.
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangouyan, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, People's Republic of China.
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Wang W, Wei X, Arbab S, Wu L, Lu N, Zhu Q, Bai Y, Zhang J. Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolate of Chinese Bovine Origin Carrying the blaCTX-M-55 Gene Located in IS 26-Mediated Composite Translocatable Units. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2795. [PMID: 38004806 PMCID: PMC10673294 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated detection rates of the blaCTX-M-55 gene in animals have been reported as a result of antibiotic misuse in clinics. To investigate the horizontal transfer mechanism of blaCTX-M-55 and its associated mobile genetic elements (MGEs), we isolated 318 nonrepetitive strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli) from bovine samples in Xinjiang and Gansu provinces, China. All E. coli strains were screened for the CTX-M-55 gene using PCR. The complete genomic data were sequenced using the PacBio triplet sequencing platform and corrected using the Illumina data platform. The genetic environment of the plasmids carrying the resistance blaCTX-M-55 gene was mapped using the software Easyfig2.2.3 for comparison. The results showed that all blaCTX-M-55-positive strains were resistant to multiple antibiotics. Five strains of Escherichia coli carry the blaCTX-M-55 gene, which is adjacent to other resistance genes and is located on the IncHI2-type plasmid. Four of the five blaCTX-M-55-harbor strains carried translocatable units (TUs). All the donor bacteria carrying the blaCTX-M-55 genes could transfer horizontally to the recipient (E. coli J53 Azr). This study demonstrates that the transmission of blaCTX-M-55 is localized on IS26-flanked composite transposons. The cotransmission and prevalence of blaCTX-M-55 with other MDR resistance genes on epidemic plasmids require enhanced monitoring and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.W.); (X.W.); (S.A.); (L.W.); (N.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.W.); (X.W.); (S.A.); (L.W.); (N.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Safia Arbab
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.W.); (X.W.); (S.A.); (L.W.); (N.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Lingyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.W.); (X.W.); (S.A.); (L.W.); (N.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Ningning Lu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.W.); (X.W.); (S.A.); (L.W.); (N.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Qiqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.W.); (X.W.); (S.A.); (L.W.); (N.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Yubin Bai
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.W.); (X.W.); (S.A.); (L.W.); (N.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.W.); (X.W.); (S.A.); (L.W.); (N.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
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Botts RT, Page DM, Bravo JA, Brown ML, Castilleja CC, Guzman VL, Hall S, Henderson JD, Kenney SM, Lensink ME, Paternoster MV, Pyle SL, Ustick L, Walters-Laird CJ, Top EM, Cummings DE. Polluted wetlands contain multidrug-resistance plasmids encoding CTX-M-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases. Plasmid 2023; 126:102682. [PMID: 37023995 PMCID: PMC10213127 DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2023.102682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
While most detailed analyses of antibiotic resistance plasmids focus on those found in clinical isolates, less is known about the vast environmental reservoir of mobile genetic elements and the resistance and virulence factors they encode. We selectively isolated three strains of cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli from a wastewater-impacted coastal wetland. The cefotaxime-resistant phenotype was transmissible to a lab strain of E. coli after one hour, with frequencies as high as 10-3 transconjugants per recipient. Two of the plasmids also transferred cefotaxime resistance to Pseudomonas putida, but these were unable to back-transfer this resistance from P. putida to E. coli. In addition to the cephalosporins, E. coli transconjugants inherited resistance to at least seven distinct classes of antibiotics. Complete nucleotide sequences revealed large IncF-type plasmids with globally distributed replicon sequence types F31:A4:B1 and F18:B1:C4 carrying diverse antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. The plasmids encoded extended-spectrum β-lactamases blaCTX-M-15 or blaCTX-M-55, each associated with the insertion sequence ISEc9, although in different local arrangements. Despite similar resistance profiles, the plasmids shared only one resistance gene in common, the aminoglycoside acetyltransferase aac(3)-IIe. Plasmid accessory cargo also included virulence factors involved in iron acquisition and defense against host immunity. Despite their sequence similarities, several large-scale recombination events were detected, including rearrangements and inversions. In conclusion, selection with a single antibiotic, cefotaxime, yielded conjugative plasmids conferring multiple resistance and virulence factors. Clearly, efforts to limit the spread of antibiotic resistance and virulence among bacteria must include a greater understanding of mobile elements in the natural and human-impacted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T Botts
- Department of Mathematics, Information, and Computer Sciences, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Dawne M Page
- Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Joseph A Bravo
- Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Madelaine L Brown
- Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Claudia C Castilleja
- Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Victoria L Guzman
- Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Samantha Hall
- Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Jacob D Henderson
- Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Shelby M Kenney
- Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Mariele E Lensink
- Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Megan V Paternoster
- Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Sarah L Pyle
- Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Lucas Ustick
- Department of Mathematics, Information, and Computer Sciences, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America; Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Chara J Walters-Laird
- Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America
| | - Eva M Top
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Interdisciplinary Data Sciences (IIDS), University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Dr., Moscow, ID 83844, United States of America
| | - David E Cummings
- Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, 3900 Lomaland Dr., San Diego, CA 92106, United States of America.
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Yu Y, Tang M, Wang Y, Liao M, Wang C, Rong X, Li B, Ge J, Gao Y, Dong X, Zhang Z. Virulence and antimicrobial resistance characteristics assessment of Vibrio isolated from shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) breeding system in south China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114615. [PMID: 36773438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The diseases caused by Vibrio during shrimp breeding program have the risk of spreading in different aquatic areas through larvae transportation between different regions. Therefore, the population distribution and the virulence and antibiotic resistance risk of 5 pathogenic Vibrio in shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) breeding system in China were evaluated for the first time. A total of 418 isolates were recovered from shrimp, breeding water and biological baits samples, and 312 isolates were identified as Vibrio genus based on 16s rDNA, among which V. alginolyticus, V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae and V. campbellii were the dominant species. And 10/20 kinds of virulence genes (chiA, luxR, vhh, tlh, chxA, sepro, flaA, vch, VAC and rpoS) were detected among the 5 Vibrio species. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of the 5 dominant Vibrio isolates were 0.13-0.88 %, and 36.5 % isolates with MAR < 0.2. But the antibiotic resistance pattern abundance (ARPA) index ranged from 0.25 to 0.56, which indicated the antibiotic phenotypes of Vibrio species in the shrimp breeding system in China were homogeneity. Furthermore, resistance quotients (RQs) calculation results displayed that the dominant Vibrio species in the shrimp breeding system in China showed no or low selection pressure for resistance to cefoperazone/sulbactam, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, fluoroquine, florfenicol, tetracycline and doxycycline. But only 5 resistance genes were detected, which were strA (43.8 %), strB (11.7 %), QnrVC (2.9 %), sul2 (8.8 %) and Int4 (8.8 %), respectively, and the antimicrobial resistance genotypes were not previously correlated with their phenotypes. The relevant research results provide theoretical basis for epizootic tracking in aquatic system in China, and targeting its final risk in aquatic ecosystem and public health perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Yu
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Miaomiao Tang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yingeng Wang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Meijie Liao
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chunyuan Wang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaojun Rong
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bin Li
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jianlong Ge
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yingli Gao
- School of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xuan Dong
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Weese JS, O’Brien T, Bateman S. Fecal shedding of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in cats admitted to an animal shelter. J Feline Med Surg 2022; 24:1301-1304. [PMID: 35133182 PMCID: PMC10812345 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x221075602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate shedding of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria in cats admitted to an animal shelter. METHODS Fecal samples were collected from cats admitted to an animal shelter between 12 June and 23 August 2018. Selective enrichment culture for ESBL-producing bacteria was performed and isolates were speciated and tested for selected ESBL genes using PCR. RESULTS ESBL-producing Enterobacterales were identified in fecal samples from 2/87 (2.3%; 95% confidence interval 0.6-8.0) cats. One isolate was an Escherichia coli that possessed blaCTX-M-1, blaCMY-2 and blaTEM genes. The other was Enterobacter cloacae possessing blaCTX-M-1 and blaCMY-2. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE While the study sample size and prevalence rate for ESBL-producing bacteria were low, these data document that cats admitted to similar shelters could harbor these agents. The risk posed by ESBL-producing bacterium shedding in cats, both to cats and other species, is currently unclear. However, these findings support the need for more investigation of interspecies transmission of ESBL-producing bacteria and ESBL genes, as well as the importance of antimicrobial stewardship and routine infection control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Scott Weese
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Tyler O’Brien
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Shane Bateman
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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7
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Thompson JE. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry in veterinary medicine: Recent advances (2019-present). Vet World 2022; 15:2623-2657. [PMID: 36590115 PMCID: PMC9798047 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2623-2657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) has become a valuable laboratory tool for rapid diagnostics, research, and exploration in veterinary medicine. While instrument acquisition costs are high for the technology, cost per sample is very low, the method requires minimal sample preparation, and analysis is easily conducted by end-users requiring minimal training. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight MS has found widespread application for the rapid identification of microorganisms, diagnosis of dermatophytes and parasites, protein/lipid profiling, molecular diagnostics, and the technique demonstrates significant promise for 2D chemical mapping of tissue sections collected postmortem. In this review, an overview of the MALDI-TOF technique will be reported and manuscripts outlining current uses of the technology for veterinary science since 2019 will be summarized. The article concludes by discussing gaps in knowledge and areas of future growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E. Thompson
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States,Corresponding author: Jonathan E. Thompson, e-mail:
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8
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Occurrence, Phenotypic and Molecular Characteristics of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Healthy Turkeys in Northern Egypt. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11081075. [PMID: 36009944 PMCID: PMC9404839 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11081075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry is one of the most important reservoirs for zoonotic multidrug-resistant pathogens. The indiscriminate use of antimicrobials in poultry production is a leading factor for development and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolated from healthy turkey flocks of different ages in Nile delta region, Egypt. In the current investigation, 250 cloacal swabs were collected from 12 turkey farms in five governorates in the northern Egypt. Collected samples were cultivated on BrillianceTM ESBL agar media supplemented with cefotaxime (100 mg/L). The E. coli isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF-MS and confirmed by a conventional PCR assay targeting 16S rRNA-DNA. The phenotypic antibiogram against 14 antimicrobial agents was determined using the broth micro-dilution method. DNA-microarray-based assay was applied for genotyping and determination of both, virulence and resistance-associated gene markers. Multiplex real-time PCR was additionally applied for all isolates for detection of the actual most relevant Carbapenemase genes. The phenotypic identification of colistin resistance was carried out using E-test. A total of 26 E. coli isolates were recovered from the cloacal samples. All isolates were defined as multidrug-resistant. Interestingly, two different E. coli strains were isolated from one sample. Both strains had different phenotypic and genotypic profiles. All isolates were phenotypically susceptible to imipenem, while resistant to penicillin, rifampicin, streptomycin, and erythromycin. None of the examined carbapenem resistance genes was detected among isolates. At least one beta-lactamase gene was identified in most of isolates, where blaTEM was the most commonly identified determinant (80.8%), in addition to blaCTX-M9 (23.1%), blaSHV (19.2%) and blaOXA-10 (15.4%). Genes associated with chloramphenicol resistance were floR (65.4%) and cmlA1 (46.2%). Tetracycline- and quinolone-resistance-associated genes tetA and qnrS were detected in (57.7%) and (50.0%) of isolates, respectively. The aminoglycoside resistance associated genes aadA1 (65.4%), aadA2 (53.8%), aphA (50.0%), strA (69.2%), and strB (65.4%), were detected among isolates. Macrolide resistance associated genes mph and mrx were also detected in (53.8%) and (34.6%). Moreover, colistin resistance associated gene mcr-9 was identified in one isolate (3.8%). The class 1 integron integrase intI1 (84.6%), transposase for the transposon tnpISEcp1 (34.6%) and OqxB -integral membrane and component of RND-type multidrug efflux pump oqxB (7.7%) were identified among the isolates. The existing high incidence of ESBL/colistin-producing E. coli identified in healthy turkeys is a major concern that demands prompt control; otherwise, such strains and their resistance determinants could be transmitted to other bacteria and, eventually, to people via the food chain.
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Gruel G, Couvin D, Guyomard-Rabenirina S, Arlet G, Bambou JC, Pot M, Roy X, Talarmin A, Tressieres B, Ferdinand S, Breurec S. High Prevalence of bla CTXM-1/IncI1-Iγ/ST3 Plasmids in Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates Collected From Domestic Animals in Guadeloupe (French West Indies). Front Microbiol 2022; 13:882422. [PMID: 35651489 PMCID: PMC9149308 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.882422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) have been classified in the group of resistant bacteria of highest priority. We determined the prevalence of ESBL-E collected in feces from household and shelter pets in Guadeloupe (French West Indies). A single rectal swab was taken from 125 dogs and 60 cats between June and September 2019. The prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-E was 7.6% (14/185, 95% CI: 4.2-12.4), within the range observed worldwide. The only risk factor associated with a higher prevalence of ESBL-E rectal carriage was a stay in a shelter, suggesting that refuges could be hotspots for their acquisition. All but one (Klebsiella pneumoniae from a cat) were Escherichia coli. We noted the presence of a bla CTX-M-1/IncI1-Iγ/sequence type (ST3) plasmid in 11 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates belonging to ST328 (n = 6), ST155 (n = 4) and ST953 (n = 1). A bla CTX-M-15 gene was identified in the three remaining ESBL-E isolates. The bla CTX-M-1 and most of the antimicrobial resistance genes were present in a well-conserved large conjugative IncI1-Iγ/ST3 plasmid characterized by two accessory regions containing antibiotic resistance genes. The plasmid has been detected worldwide in E. coli isolates from humans and several animal species, such as food-producing animals, wild birds and pets, and from the environment. This study shows the potential role of pets as a reservoir of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria or genes for humans and underlines the importance of basic hygiene measures by owners of companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Gruel
- Transmission, Reservoir and Diversity of Pathogens Unit, Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - David Couvin
- Transmission, Reservoir and Diversity of Pathogens Unit, Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | | | | | | | - Matthieu Pot
- Transmission, Reservoir and Diversity of Pathogens Unit, Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | | | - Antoine Talarmin
- Transmission, Reservoir and Diversity of Pathogens Unit, Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Benoit Tressieres
- INSERM 1424, Center for Clinical Investigation, University Hospital Center of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Séverine Ferdinand
- Transmission, Reservoir and Diversity of Pathogens Unit, Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Sébastien Breurec
- Transmission, Reservoir and Diversity of Pathogens Unit, Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France.,INSERM 1424, Center for Clinical Investigation, University Hospital Center of Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, France.,Faculty of Medicine Hyacinthe Bastaraud, University of the Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
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Whole-Genome Characterisation of ESBL-Producing E. coli Isolated from Drinking Water and Dog Faeces from Rural Andean Households in Peru. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11050692. [DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
E. coli that produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are major multidrug-resistant bacteria. In Peru, only a few reports have characterised the whole genome of ESBL enterobacteria. We aimed to confirm the identity and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of two ESBL isolates from dog faeces and drinking water of rural Andean households and determine serotype, phylogroup, sequence type (ST)/clonal complex (CC), pathogenicity, virulence genes, ESBL genes, and their plasmids. To confirm the identity and AMR profiles, we used the VITEK®2 system. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and bioinformatics analysis were performed subsequently. Both isolates were identified as E. coli, with serotypes -:H46 and O9:H10, phylogroups E and A, and ST/CC 5259/- and 227/10, respectively. The isolates were ESBL-producing, carbapenem-resistant, and not harbouring carbapenemase-encoding genes. Isolate 1143 ST5259 harboured the astA gene, encoding the EAST1 heat-stable toxin. Both genomes carried ESBL genes (blaEC-15, blaCTX-M-8, and blaCTX-M-55). Nine plasmids were detected, namely IncR, IncFIC(FII), IncI, IncFIB(AP001918), Col(pHAD28), IncFII, IncFII(pHN7A8), IncI1, and IncFIB(AP001918). Finding these potentially pathogenic bacteria is worrisome given their sources and highlights the importance of One-Health research efforts in remote Andean communities.
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11
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Osińska M, Nowakiewicz A, Zięba P, Gnat S, Łagowski D, Trościańczyk A. A rich mosaic of resistance in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Poland as a potential effect of increasing synanthropization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 818:151834. [PMID: 34808162 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In our research, we analyzed the resistance of cephalosporin-resistant E. coli strains to antimicrobial agents. The strains were collected during five years from wild animal species commonly inhabiting Poland. We have identified the type of β-lactamases produced and the multidrug-resistance profile. Most strains (73.8%) had genes encoding ESBL enzymes, mainly CTX-M-1 and TEM. Almost all AmpC-β-lactamase-producing isolates had the blaCMY-2 gene. Almost 70% of the strains tested showed a multi-drug resistance profile. The dominant phenotype was resistance to tetracycline (69.05%), and/or sulfamethoxazole (57.1%). We also found high resistance to quinolones: ciprofloxacin 35.7% and nalidixic acid 52.4%. The phenotypic resistance of the strains was in most cases confirmed by the presence of corresponding genes. Among strains, 26.2% were carriers of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (PMQR). MLST analysis revealed a large clonal variation of the strains, which was reflected in 28 different sequence types. More than half of the strains (54.7%) were classified into the following sequence complexes: 10, 23, 69, 101, 155, 156, 168, 354, 398, 446, and 648. Only one strain in the studied group was assigned to the ExPEC pathotype and represented sequence type 117. The results of our research have confirmed that isolates obtained from wild animals possess many resistance determinants and sequence types, which are also found in food-producing animals and humans. This reflects the doctrine of "One health", which clearly indicates that human health is inextricably linked with animal health as well as degree of environmental contamination. We conclude that the resistance and virulence profiles of strains isolated from wildlife animals may be a resultant of various sources encountered by animals, creating a rich and varied mosaic of genes, which is very often unpredictable and not reflected in the correlation between the sequence type and the gene profile of resistance or virulence observed in epidemic clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelina Osińska
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Aneta Nowakiewicz
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Zięba
- State Veterinary Laboratory, Droga Męczenników Majdanka 50, 20-325 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Gnat
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Dominik Łagowski
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Trościańczyk
- University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Sub-Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
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12
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Cormier AC, Chalmers G, Zamudio R, Mulvey MR, Mather AE, Boerlin P. Diversity of blaCTX-M-1-carrying plasmids recovered from Escherichia coli isolated from Canadian domestic animals. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264439. [PMID: 35294479 PMCID: PMC8926264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Conserved IncI1 and IncHI1 plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-1 have been found circulating in chickens and horses from continental Europe, respectively. In Canada, blaCTX-M-1 is overwhelmingly the most common blaCTX-M variant found in Escherichia coli from chicken and horses and can be recovered at lower frequencies in swine, cattle, and dogs. Whole-genome sequencing has identified a large genetic diversity of isolates carrying this variant, warranting further investigations into the plasmids carrying this gene. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe the genetic profiles of blaCTX-M-1 plasmids circulating in E. coli from Canadian domestic animals and compare them to those recovered in animals in Europe. Fifty-one blaCTX-M-1 positive E. coli isolates from chicken (n = 14), horses (racetrack horses n = 11; community horses n = 3), swine (n = 7), turkey (n = 6), dogs (n = 5), beef cattle (n = 3), and dairy cattle (n = 2) were selected for plasmid characterization. Sequences were obtained through both Illumina and Oxford Nanopore technologies. Genomes were assembled using either Unicycler hybrid assembly or Flye with polishing performed using Pilon. blaCTX-M-1 was found residing on a plasmid in 45 isolates and chromosomally located in six isolates. A conserved IncI1/ST3 plasmid was identified among chicken (n = 12), turkey (n = 4), swine (n = 6), dog (n = 2), and beef cattle (n = 2) isolates. When compared against publicly available data, these plasmids showed a high degree of similarity to those identified in isolates from poultry and swine in Europe. These results suggest that an epidemic IncI1/ST3 plasmid similar to the one found in Europe is contributing to the spread of blaCTX-M-1 in Canada. A conserved IncHI1/FIA(HI1)/ST2 plasmid was also recovered from nearly all racetrack horse isolates (n = 10). Although IncHI1/ST2 plasmids have been reported among European horse isolates, IncHI1/ST9 plasmids appear to be more widespread. Further studies are necessary to understand the factors contributing to these plasmids' success in their respective populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley C. Cormier
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gabhan Chalmers
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roxana Zamudio
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Michael R. Mulvey
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Alison E. Mather
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
- University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Boerlin
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Stefanova RD. Prevalence of poultry Escherichia coli isolates producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and their public health importance. BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.15547/bjvm.2400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, different reports highlighted the problem with dissemination of Escherichia coli producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) in poultry farms in Europe. The high incidence of Escherichia coli among poultry in Europe harbouring blaCTX-M-1 and the occurrence of ESBL and AmpC-producing Escherichia coli in raw meat samples collected from slaughterhouses in Europe have been discussed. ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae can be transmitted along the broiler production chain. Plasmids responsible for ESBL production frequently carry genes coding resistance to other antimicrobial classes, such as fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, sulphonamides. Resistance to cephalosporins in Enterobacteriaceae is of special concern for public health, because these antimicrobial agents are critically important. The aim of this mini review was to describe the mechanisms of resistance and prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli. It is important to investigate the spread of these bacteria among poultry, the role of farm birds as reservoir of E. coli and the risk for people.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. D. Stefanova
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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Kimera ZI, Mgaya FX, Mshana SE, Karimuribo ED, Matee MIN. Occurrence of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) Producers, Quinolone and Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Environmental Samples along Msimbazi River Basin Ecosystem in Tanzania. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168264. [PMID: 34444027 PMCID: PMC8394723 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We conducted environmental surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) bacteria in the Msimbazi river basin in Tanzania to determine the occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and quinolone resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. A total of 213 Enterobacteriaceae isolates were recovered from 219 samples. Out of the recovered isolates, 45.5% (n = 97) were Klebsiella pneumoniae and 29.6% (n = 63) were Escherichia coli. K. pneumoniae isolates were more resistant in effluent (27.9%) compared to the E. coli (26.6%). The E. coli had a higher resistance in river water, sediment and crop soil than the K. pneumoniae (35 versus 25%), respectively. Higher resistance in K. pneumoniae was found in nalidixic acid (54.6%) and ciprofloxacin (33.3%) while the E. coli isolates were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (39.7%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (38%). Resistance increased from 28.3% in Kisarawe, where the river originates, to 59.9% in Jangwani (the middle section) and 66.7% in Upanga West, where the river enters the Indian Ocean. Out of 160 E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, 53.2% (n = 85) were resistant to more than three classes of the antibiotic tested, occurrence being higher among ESBL producers, quinolone resistant and carbapenem resistant strains. There is an urgent need to curb environmental contamination with antimicrobial agents in the Msimbazi Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhura I. Kimera
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam 11103, Tanzania; (F.X.M.); (M.I.N.M.)
- Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Mtumba Area, P.O. Box 2182, Dodoma 40487, Tanzania
- Correspondence:
| | - Fauster X. Mgaya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam 11103, Tanzania; (F.X.M.); (M.I.N.M.)
| | - Stephen E. Mshana
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 1464, Mwanza 33109, Tanzania;
- SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Morogoro 67125, Tanzania;
| | - Esron D. Karimuribo
- SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Morogoro 67125, Tanzania;
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3021, Morogoro 67125, Tanzania
| | - Mecky I. N. Matee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam 11103, Tanzania; (F.X.M.); (M.I.N.M.)
- SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Morogoro 67125, Tanzania;
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Lee S, An JU, Guk JH, Song H, Yi S, Kim WH, Cho S. Prevalence, Characteristics and Clonal Distribution of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase- and AmpC β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Following the Swine Production Stages, and Potential Risks to Humans. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:710747. [PMID: 34367116 PMCID: PMC8334370 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.710747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide spread of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and AmpC β-lactamase (AmpC)-producing Escherichia coli poses serious threats to public health. Swine farms have been regarded as important reservoirs of ESBL/AmpC-EC. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, ESBL/AmpC types, and clonal distribution of ESBL/AmpC-EC from swine farms and analyze the difference according to the swine production stages. In addition, we evaluated the potential risks of swine ESBL/AmpC-EC clones to humans. Individual fecal samples (n = 292) were collected from weaning, growing, finishing, and pregnant pigs in nine swine farms of South Korea between July 2017 and March 2020. In total, 161 ESBL/AmpC-EC isolates were identified (55.1%), with the highest prevalence detected in the weaning stage (86.3%). The dominant ESBL and AmpC types were CTX-M-55 (69.6%) and CMY-2 (4.3%), respectively. CTX-M found in all production stages, while CMY was only found in growing and finishing stages. In the conjugation assay, the high transferability of CTX-M gene (55.8%) was identified, while the transfer of CMY gene was not identified. The major clonal complexes (CCs) were CC101-B1 (26.8%), CC10-A (8.7%), and CC648-F (2.9%). There was similarity in clonal distribution between different swine production stages within swine farms, estimated using the k-means analysis, which suggested a clonal transmission between the different swine stages. Among swine ESBL/AmpC-EC sequence types (STs), seven STs (ST101, ST10, ST648, ST457, ST410, ST617, and ST744) were common with the human ESBL/AmpC-EC, which registered in National Center for Biotechnology Information database. The clonal population structure analysis based on the virulence factor (VF) presented that swine ESBL/AmpC-EC clones, especially ST101-B1, harbored a highly virulent profile. In conclusion, ESBL/AmpC-EC was distributed throughout the swine production stages, with the highest prevalence in the weaning stage. The CTX-M was present in all stages, while CMY was mostly found in growing-finishing stages. The swine ESBL/AmpC-EC was identified to harbor shared clone types with human ESBL/AmpC-EC and a virulent profile posing potential risk to humans. Considering the possibility of genetic and clonal distribution of ESBL/AmpC-EC among swine production stages, this study suggests the need for strategies considering the production system to control the prevalence of ESBL/AmpC-EC in swine farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soomin Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Uk An
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Guk
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyokeun Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Saehah Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo-Hyun Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seongbeom Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Chalmers G, Cobean J, Snyder RP, Barta JR, Boerlin P. Extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in Escherichia coli from broiler chickens raised with or without antibiotics in Ontario, Canada. Vet Microbiol 2021; 258:109116. [PMID: 34022763 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Escherichia coli were isolated from fecal samples enriched in ESC-containing broth over two years from broiler chickens raised with and without therapeutic antimicrobials. Pooled samples were obtained from 13 different farms in Canada over two rearing cycles each. Resistant isolates were screened for blaCMY, blaCTX-M, and blaSHV by PCR, and several isolates were sequenced and assembled using Oxford Nanopore MinION technology. Flocks raised with or without antimicrobials contained similar ESC-resistant E. coli. Some plasmids were found in isolates from both farm types and many shared replicon types (IncI1, F, C, and B/O/K/Z) and resistance determinants. Although the use of cephalosporins has stopped in poultry production in Canada, the prevalence of ESC-resistant E. coli found in this study remained high; therefore, further studies are required to determine routes of transmission and persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabhan Chalmers
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Julie Cobean
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Ryan P Snyder
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - John R Barta
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Patrick Boerlin
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Multidrug-Resistant, Including Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase-Producing and Quinolone-Resistant, Escherichia coli Isolated from Poultry and Domestic Pigs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10040406. [PMID: 33918543 PMCID: PMC8069735 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10040406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined the phenotypic profile of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli isolated from 698 samples (390 and 308 from poultry and domestic pigs, respectively). In total, 562 Enterobacteria were isolated. About 80.5% of the isolates were E. coli. Occurrence of E. coli was significantly higher among domestic pigs (73.1%) than in poultry (60.5%) (p = 0.000). In both poultry and domestic pigs, E. coli isolates were highly resistant to tetracycline (63.5%), nalidixic acid (53.7%), ampicillin (52.3%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (50.9%). About 51.6%, 65.3%, and 53.7% of E. coli were MDR, extended-spectrum beta lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE), and quinolone-resistant, respectively. A total of 68% of the extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producers were also resistant to quinolones. For all tested antibiotics, resistance was significantly higher in ESBL-producing and quinolone-resistant isolates than the non-ESBL producers and non-quinolone-resistant E. coli. Eight isolates were resistant to eight classes of antimicrobials. We compared phenotypic with genotypic results of 20 MDR E. coli isolates, ESBL producers, and quinolone-resistant strains and found 80% harbored blaCTX-M, 15% aac(6)-lb-cr, 10% qnrB, and 5% qepA. None harbored TEM, SHV, qnrA, qnrS, qnrC, or qnrD. The observed pattern and level of resistance render this portfolio of antibiotics ineffective for their intended use.
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18
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Molecular Epidemiology of Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli from Farm-To-Fork in Intensive Poultry Production in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9120850. [PMID: 33260950 PMCID: PMC7761107 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9120850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased use of antibiotics in food animals has resulted in the selection of drug-resistant bacteria across the farm-to-fork continuum. This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli from intensively produced poultry in the uMgungundlovu District, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Samples were collected weekly between August and September 2017 from hatching to final retail products. E. coli was isolated on eosin methylene blue agar, identified biochemically, and confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Susceptibility to 19 antibiotics was ascertained by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. PCR was used to test for resistance genes. The clonal similarity was investigated using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR). In total, 266 E. coli isolates were obtained from all the samples, with 67.3% being non-susceptible to at least one antibiotic tested and 6.7% multidrug resistant. The highest non-susceptibility was to ampicillin (48.1%) and the lowest non-susceptibility to ceftriaxone and azithromycin (0.8%). Significant non-susceptibility was observed to tetracycline (27.4%), nalidixic acid (20.3%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (13.9%), and chloramphenicol (11.7%) which have homologues used in the poultry industry. The most frequently observed resistance genes were blaCTX-M (100%), sul1 (80%), tetA (77%), and tetB (71%). ERIC-PCR grouped isolates into 27 clusters suggesting the spread of diverse clones across the farm-to-fork continuum. This reiterates the role of intensive poultry farming as a reservoir and a potential vehicle for the transmission of antibiotic resistance, with potentially severe public health implications, thus, requiring prompt and careful mitigation measures to protect human and environmental health.
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