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Liu X, Zhai Y, Liu J, Xue J, Markovic T, Wang S, Zhang X. Comparative transcriptome sequencing analysis to postulate the scheme of regulated leaf coloration in Perilla frutescens. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023:10.1007/s11103-023-01342-8. [PMID: 37155022 PMCID: PMC10165580 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Perilla as herb, ornamental, oil and edible plant is widely used in East Asia. Until now, the mechanism of regulated leaf coloration is still unclear. In this study, four different kinds of leaf colors were used to measure pigment contents and do transcriptome sequence to postulate the mechanism of leaf coloration. The measurements of chlorophyll, carotenoid, flavonoid, and anthocyanin showed that higher contents of all the aforementioned four pigments were in full purple leaf 'M357', and they may be determined front and back leaf color formation with purple. Meanwhile, the content of anthocyanin was controlled back leaf coloration. The chromatic aberration analysis and correlative analysis between different pigments and L*a*b* values analysis also suggested front and back leaf color change was correlated with the above four pigments. The genes involved in leaf coloration were identified through transcriptome sequence. The expression levels of chlorophyll synthesis and degradation related genes, carotenoid synthesis related genes and anthocyanin synthesis genes showed up-/down-regulated expression in different color leaves and were consistent of accumulation of these pigments. It was suggested that they were the candidate genes regulated perilla leaf color formation, and genes including F3'H, F3H, F3',5'H, DFR, and ANS are probably important for regulating both front and back leaf purple formation. Transcription factors involved in anthocyanin accumulation, and regulating leaf coloration were also identified. Finally, the probable scheme of regulated both full green and full purple leaf coloration and back leaf coloration was postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Flower Crops (North China)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanning Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Flower Crops (North China)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Flower Crops (North China)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Landscape and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jingqi Xue
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Flower Crops (North China)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tatjana Markovic
- Nstitute for Medicinal Plants Research "Dr Josif Pancic", 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Shunli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Flower Crops (North China)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xiuxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Flower Crops (North China)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Ge X, Cao T, Yi L, Yao S, Zeng K, Deng L. Low and high storage temperature inhibited the coloration of mandarin fruit (Citrus unshiu Marc.) with different mechanism. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6930-6941. [PMID: 35674404 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peel color regulated by pigment metabolism is one of the most crucial indicators affecting the commodity values of citrus fruit. Storage temperature is a vital environmental factor that regulates the fruit pigmentation. RESULTS Results showed that the peel coloring process was significantly inhibited when mandarin fruit were stored at 5 and 32 °C with normal coloring at 25 °C as the control. However, the inhibitive mechanisms of 5 and 32 °C storage were different. At 5 °C, higher levels of CcNYC and CcCHL2 were detected, which indicated that 5 °C induces the circulation of chlorophyll rather than inhibits chlorophyll degradation. CcPSY2, CcCHYB, and CcZEP exhibited higher expression levels in fruit stored at 5 °C, which accelerated the accumulation of carotenoids. In fruit stored at 32 °C, CcNYC, CcPAO, and CcCHL2 exhibited lower expression levels than those fruit stored at 5 °C, and the expressions of CcPSY2, CcCHYB, and CcZEP were down regulated, implying the carotenoid synthesis was suppressed. CONCLUSION Storage at 5 °C inhibited the postharvest coloring of mandarin fruit mainly by activating the cycle of chlorophyll, although it promotes the accumulation of carotenoids at the same time, but chlorophyll covers the color of carotenoids. Storage at 32 °C inhibited mandarin fruit coloring mainly by inhibiting the degradation of chlorophyll. Compared with the change of individual chlorophyll or carotenoid content, the change of the ratio of chlorophyll and carotenoid had a more important role in the coloration of mandarin fruit. This research offers valuable details for understanding the effect of temperature on the coloring process of postharvest citrus fruit. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Ge
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Tingting Cao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Lanhua Yi
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Food Storage and Logistics Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shixiang Yao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Food Storage and Logistics Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Kaifang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Food Storage and Logistics Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Lili Deng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Food Storage and Logistics Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
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Qi X, Chen S, Wang H, Feng J, Chen H, Qin Z, Deng Y. Comparative physiology and transcriptome analysis reveals that chloroplast development influences silver-white leaf color formation in Hydrangea macrophylla var. maculata. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:345. [PMID: 35842592 PMCID: PMC9287875 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03727-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrangea macrophylla var. Maculata 'Yinbianxiuqiu' (YB) is an excellent plant species with beautiful flowers and leaves with silvery white edges. However, there are few reports on its leaf color characteristics and color formation mechanism. RESULTS The present study compared the phenotypic, physiological and transcriptomic differences between YB and a full-green leaf mutant (YM) obtained from YB. The results showed that YB and YM had similar genetic backgrounds, but photosynthesis was reduced in YB. The contents of pigments were significantly decreased at the edges of YB leaves compared to YM leaves. The ultrastructure of chloroplasts in the YB leaves was irregular. Transcriptome profiling identified 7,023 differentially expressed genes between YB and YM. The expression levels of genes involved in photosynthesis, chloroplast development and division were different between YB and YM. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the expression trends were generally consistent with the transcriptome data. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the formation of the silvery white leaf color of H. macrophylla var. maculata was primarily due to the abnormal development of chloroplasts. This study facilitates the molecular function analysis of key genes involved in chloroplast development and provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in leaf coloration in H. macrophylla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Shuangshuang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Huadi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Huijie Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Ziyi Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Yanming Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China.
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Liu L, Teng K, Fan X, Han C, Zhang H, Wu J, Chang Z. Combination analysis of single-molecule long-read and Illumina sequencing provides insights into the anthocyanin accumulation mechanism in an ornamental grass, Pennisetum setaceum cv. Rubrum. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:159-175. [PMID: 35338443 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01264-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Combination analysis of single-molecule long-read and Illumina sequencing provide full-length transcriptome information and shed new light on the anthocyanin accumulation mechanism of Pennisetum setaceum cv. 'Rubrum'. Pennisetum setaceum cv. 'Rubrum' is an ornamental grass with purple leaves widely used in landscaping. However, the current next-generation sequencing (NGS) transcriptome information of this species is not satisfactory due to the difficulties in obtaining full-length transcripts. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of anthocyanin accumulation in P. setaceum have not been thoroughly studied. In this study, we used PacBio full-length transcriptome sequencing (SMRT) combined with NGS technology to build and improve the transcriptomic datasets and reveal the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin accumulation in P. setaceum cv. 'Rubrum'. Therefore, 280,413 full-length non-chimeric reads sequences were obtained using the SMRT technology. We obtained 97,450 high-quality non-redundant transcripts and identified 5352 alternative splicing events. In addition, 93,066 open reading frames (ORFs), including 57,457 full ORFs and 2910 long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) were screened out. Furthermore, 10,795 differentially expressed genes were identified using NGS. We also explored key genes, synthesis pathways, and detected lncRNA involved in anthocyanin accumulation, providing new insights into anthocyanin accumulation in P. setaceum cv. 'Rubrum'. To our best knowledge, we provided the full-length transcriptome information of P. setaceum cv. 'Rubrum' for the first time. The results of this study will provide baseline information for gene function studies and pave the way for future P. setaceum cv. 'Rubrum' breeding projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Liu
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers, and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Ke Teng
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers, and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
| | - Xifeng Fan
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers, and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
| | - Chao Han
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers, and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers, and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Juying Wu
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers, and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Zhihui Chang
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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Li M, Li J, Tan H, Luo Y, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Wang Y, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Tang H. Comparative metabolomics provides novel insights into the basis of petiole color differences in celery ( Apiumgraveolens L.). J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:300-314. [PMID: 35403385 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Plant metabolites are important for plant development and human health. Plants of celery (Apiumgraveolens L.) with different-colored petioles have been formed in the course of long-term evolution. However, the composition, content distribution, and mechanisms of accumulation of metabolites in different-colored petioles remain elusive. Using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), 1159 metabolites, including 100 lipids, 72 organic acids and derivatives, 83 phenylpropanoids and polyketides, and several alkaloids and terpenoids, were quantified in four celery cultivars, each with a different petiole color. There were significant differences in the types and contents of metabolites in celery with different-colored petioles, with the most striking difference between green celery and purple celery, followed by white celery and green celery. Annotated analysis of metabolic pathways showed that the metabolites of the different-colored petioles were significantly enriched in biosynthetic pathways such as anthocyanin, flavonoid, and chlorophyll pathways, suggesting that these metabolic pathways may play a key role in determining petiole color in celery. The content of chlorophyll in green celery was significantly higher than that in other celery cultivars, yellow celery was rich in carotenoids, and the content of anthocyanin in purple celery was significantly higher than that in the other celery cultivars. The color of the celery petioles was significantly correlated with the content of related metabolites. Among the four celery cultivars, the metabolites of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway were enriched in purple celery. The results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) suggested that the differential expression of the chalcone synthase (CHS) gene in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway might affect the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in celery. In addition, HPLC analysis revealed that cyanidin is the main pigment in purple celery. This study explored the differences in the types and contents of metabolites in celery cultivars with different-colored petioles and identified key substances for color formation. The results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for genetic improvement of celery petiole color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haohan Tan
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ya Luo
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.,Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuanxiu Lin
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.,Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yunting Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.,Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.,Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haoru Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China. .,Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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