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Martini S, Drzeniek NM, Stark R, Kollert MR, Du W, Reinke S, Ort M, Hardt S, Kotko I, Kath J, Schlickeiser S, Geißler S, Wagner DL, Krebs AC, Volk HD. Long-term in vitromaintenance of plasma cells in a hydrogel-enclosed human bone marrow microphysiological 3D model system. Biofabrication 2024; 16:045005. [PMID: 38955197 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad5dfe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Plasma cells (PCs) in bone marrow (BM) play an important role in both protective and pathogenic humoral immune responses, e.g. in various malignant and non-malignant diseases such as multiple myeloma, primary and secondary immunodeficiencies and autoimmune diseases. Dedicated microenvironmental niches in the BM provide PCs with biomechanical and soluble factors that support their long-term survival. There is a high need for appropriate and robust model systems to better understand PCs biology, to develop new therapeutic strategies for PCs-related diseases and perform targeted preclinical studies with high predictive value. Most preclinical data have been derived fromin vivostudies in mice, asin vitrostudies of human PCs are limited due to restricted survival and functionality in conventional 2D cultures that do not reflect the unique niche architecture of the BM. We have developed a microphysiological, dynamic 3D BM culture system (BM-MPS) based on human primary tissue (femoral biopsies), mechanically supported by a hydrogel scaffold casing. While a bioinert agarose casing did not support PCs survival, a photo-crosslinked collagen-hyaluronic acid (Col-HA) hydrogel preserved the native BM niche architecture and allowed PCs survivalin vitrofor up to 2 weeks. Further, the Col-HA hydrogel was permissive to lymphocyte migration into the microphysiological system´s circulation. Long-term PCs survival was related to the stable presence in the culture of soluble factors, as APRIL, BAFF, and IL-6. Increasing immunoglobulins concentrations in the medium confirm their functionality over culture time. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report of successful long-term maintenance of primary-derived non-malignant PCsin vitro. Our innovative model system is suitable for in-depthin vitrostudies of human PCs regulation and exploration of targeted therapeutic approaches such as CAR-T cell therapy or biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Martini
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Norman Michael Drzeniek
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Regina Stark
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Reiner Kollert
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Weijie Du
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Reinke
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Ort
- Julius Wolff Institute, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hardt
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Iuliia Kotko
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Kath
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Schlickeiser
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- CheckImmune GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Geißler
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Laurin Wagner
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna-Catharina Krebs
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
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2
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Mendes M, Monteiro AC, Neto E, Barrias CC, Sobrinho-Simões MA, Duarte D, Caires HR. Transforming the Niche: The Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4430. [PMID: 38674015 PMCID: PMC11050723 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) management remains a significant challenge in oncology due to its low survival rates and high post-treatment relapse rates, mainly attributed to treatment-resistant leukaemic stem cells (LSCs) residing in bone marrow (BM) niches. This review offers an in-depth analysis of AML progression, highlighting the pivotal role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the dynamic remodelling of BM niche intercellular communication. We explore recent advancements elucidating the mechanisms through which EVs facilitate complex crosstalk, effectively promoting AML hallmarks and drug resistance. Adopting a temporal view, we chart the evolving landscape of EV-mediated interactions within the AML niche, underscoring the transformative potential of these insights for therapeutic intervention. Furthermore, the review discusses the emerging understanding of endothelial cell subsets' impact across BM niches in shaping AML disease progression, adding another layer of complexity to the disease progression and treatment resistance. We highlight the potential of cutting-edge methodologies, such as organ-on-chip (OoC) and single-EV analysis technologies, to provide unprecedented insights into AML-niche interactions in a human setting. Leveraging accumulated insights into AML EV signalling to reconfigure BM niches and pioneer novel approaches to decipher the EV signalling networks that fuel AML within the human context could revolutionise the development of niche-targeted therapy for leukaemia eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Mendes
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana C. Monteiro
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Estrela Neto
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina C. Barrias
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel A. Sobrinho-Simões
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
- IPATIMUP—Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Clinical Haematology, Department of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Delfim Duarte
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Instituto Português de Oncologia (IPO)-Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo R. Caires
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.M.); (A.C.M.); (E.N.); (C.C.B.); (M.A.S.-S.); (D.D.)
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Janssen R, Benito-Zarza L, Cleijpool P, Valverde MG, Mihăilă SM, Bastiaan-Net S, Garssen J, Willemsen LEM, Masereeuw R. Biofabrication Directions in Recapitulating the Immune System-on-a-Chip. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304569. [PMID: 38625078 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Ever since the implementation of microfluidics in the biomedical field, in vitro models have experienced unprecedented progress that has led to a new generation of highly complex miniaturized cell culture platforms, known as Organs-on-a-Chip (OoC). These devices aim to emulate biologically relevant environments, encompassing perfusion and other mechanical and/or biochemical stimuli, to recapitulate key physiological events. While OoCs excel in simulating diverse organ functions, the integration of the immune organs and immune cells, though recent and challenging, is pivotal for a more comprehensive representation of human physiology. This comprehensive review covers the state of the art in the intricate landscape of immune OoC models, shedding light on the pivotal role of biofabrication technologies in bridging the gap between conceptual design and physiological relevance. The multifaceted aspects of immune cell behavior, crosstalk, and immune responses that are aimed to be replicated within microfluidic environments, emphasizing the need for precise biomimicry are explored. Furthermore, the latest breakthroughs and challenges of biofabrication technologies in immune OoC platforms are described, guiding researchers toward a deeper understanding of immune physiology and the development of more accurate and human predictive models for a.o., immune-related disorders, immune development, immune programming, and immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robine Janssen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Benito-Zarza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Pim Cleijpool
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Marta G Valverde
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia M Mihăilă
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Shanna Bastiaan-Net
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, 6708 WG, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
- Danone Global Research & Innovation Center, Danone Nutricia Research B.V., Utrecht, 3584 CT, The Netherlands
| | - Linette E M Willemsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
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4
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Shah D, Dave B, Chorawala MR, Prajapati BG, Singh S, M. Elossaily G, Ansari MN, Ali N. An Insight on Microfluidic Organ-on-a-Chip Models for PM 2.5-Induced Pulmonary Complications. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:13534-13555. [PMID: 38559954 PMCID: PMC10976395 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary diseases like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, lung fibrosis, and lung cancer pose a significant burden to global human health. Many of these complications arise as a result of exposure to particulate matter (PM), which has been examined in several preclinical and clinical trials for its effect on several respiratory diseases. Particulate matter of size less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) has been known to inflict unforeseen repercussions, although data from epidemiological studies to back this are pending. Conventionally utilized two-dimensional (2D) cell culture and preclinical animal models have provided insufficient benefits in emulating the in vivo physiological and pathological pulmonary conditions. Three-dimensional (3D) structural models, including organ-on-a-chip models, have experienced a developmental upsurge in recent times. Lung-on-a-chip models have the potential to simulate the specific features of the lungs. With the advancement of technology, an emerging and advanced technique termed microfluidic organ-on-a-chip has been developed with the aim of identifying the complexity of the respiratory cellular microenvironment of the body. In the present Review, the role of lung-on-a-chip modeling in reproducing pulmonary complications has been explored, with a specific emphasis on PM2.5-induced pulmonary complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disha Shah
- Department
of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L.
M. College of Pharmacy Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Bhavarth Dave
- Department
of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L.
M. College of Pharmacy Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Mehul R. Chorawala
- Department
of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L.
M. College of Pharmacy Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Bhupendra G. Prajapati
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research,
Ganpat University, Mehsana, Gujarat 384012, India
| | - Sudarshan Singh
- Office
of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Gehan M. Elossaily
- Department
of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Nazam Ansari
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Nyamondo K, Wheadon H. Micro-environment alterations through time leading to myeloid malignancies. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:283-294. [PMID: 35844165 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The micro-environment plays a critical role in haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) development, self-renewal, differentiation and maintenance by providing a supportive cellular framework and essential molecular cues to sustain homeostasis. In ageing and development of age-related clonal haematopoiesis, the combined contribution of intrinsic alterations in haematopoietic stem cells and their surrounding micro-environment can promote myeloid skewing and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. A pro-inflammatory micro-environment is a common feature in the initiation and sustenance of several myeloid malignancies. Furthermore, remodelling of the micro-environment is recognized to potentiate the survival of malignant over normal cells. This review explores micro-environmental interactions in the haematopoietic system of adults, especially how the bone marrow micro-environment is impacted by ageing, the onset of age-related clonal haematopoiesis and the development of myeloid malignancies. In addition, we also discuss the possible role age-related clonal haematopoiesis and chronic inflammatory conditions play in altering the bone marrow micro-environment dynamics. Finally, we explore the importance of in vitro models that accurately mimic different aspects of the bone marrow micro-environment in order to study normal and malignant haematopoiesis. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Cancer Microenvironment and Pharmacological Interventions. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.2/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kudzai Nyamondo
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Gartnavel Hospital, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Helen Wheadon
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Gartnavel Hospital, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Pottosin I, Olivas-Aguirre M, Dobrovinskaya O. In vitro simulation of the acute lymphoblastic leukemia niche: a critical view on the optimal approximation for drug testing. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:21-41. [PMID: 37039524 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the worst prognosis is related to minimal residual disease. Minimal residual disease not only depends on the individual peculiarities of leukemic clones but also reflects the protective role of the acute lymphoblastic leukemia microenvironment. In this review, we discuss in detail cell-to-cell interactions in the 2 leukemic niches, more explored bone marrow and less studied extramedullary adipose tissue. A special emphasis is given to multiple ways of interactions of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells with the bone marrow or extramedullary adipose tissue microenvironment, indicating observed differences in B- and T-cell-derived acute lymphoblastic leukemia behavior. This analysis argued for the usage of coculture systems for drug testing. Starting with a review of available sources and characteristics of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, endothelial cells, and adipocytes, we have then made an update of the available 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional systems, which bring together cellular elements, components of the extracellular matrix, or its imitation. We discussed the most complex available 3-dimensional systems like "leukemia-on-a-chip," which include either a prefabricated microfluidics platform or, alternatively, the microarchitecture, designed by using the 3-dimensional bioprinting technologies. From our analysis, it follows that for preclinical antileukemic drug testing, in most cases, intermediately complex in vitro cell systems are optimal, such as a "2.5-dimensional" coculture of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells with niche cells (mesenchymal stromal cells, endothelial cells) plus matrix components or scaffold-free mesenchymal stromal cell organoids, populated by acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Due to emerging evidence for the correlation of obesity and poor prognosis, a coculture of adipocytes with acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells as a drug testing system is gaining shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pottosin
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, Guzmán City, Jalisco, 49000, Mexico
| | - Miguel Olivas-Aguirre
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, Guzmán City, Jalisco, 49000, Mexico
- Division of Exact, Natural and Technological Sciences, South University Center (CUSUR), University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Oxana Dobrovinskaya
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, Guzmán City, Jalisco, 49000, Mexico
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Kim MK, Paek K, Woo SM, Kim JA. Bone-on-a-Chip: Biomimetic Models Based on Microfluidic Technologies for Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37183366 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing importance of preclinical evaluation of newly developed drugs or treatments, in vitro organ or disease models are necessary. Although various organ-specific on-chip (organ-on-a-chip, or OOC) systems have been developed as emerging in vitro models, bone-on-a-chip (BOC) systems that recapitulate the bone microenvironment have been less developed or reviewed compared with other OOCs. The bone is one of the most dynamic organs and undergoes continuous remodeling throughout its lifetime. The aging population is growing worldwide, and healthcare costs are rising rapidly. Since in vitro BOC models that recapitulate native bone niches and pathological features can be important for studying the underlying mechanism of orthopedic diseases and predicting drug responses in preclinical trials instead of in animals, the development of biomimetic BOCs with high efficiency and fidelity will be accelerated further. Here, we review recently engineered BOCs developed using various microfluidic technologies and investigate their use to model the bone microenvironment. We have also explored various biomimetic strategies based on biological, geometrical, and biomechanical cues for biomedical applications of BOCs. Finally, we addressed the limitations and challenging issues of current BOCs that should be overcome to obtain more acceptable BOCs in the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyeong Kim
- Center for Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyurim Paek
- Center for Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
- Program in Biomicro System Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mi Woo
- Center for Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ah Kim
- Center for Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
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Veliz DS, Lin KL, Sahlgren C. Organ-on-a-chip technologies for biomedical research and drug development: A focus on the vasculature. SMART MEDICINE 2023; 2:e20220030. [PMID: 37089706 PMCID: PMC7614466 DOI: 10.1002/smmd.20220030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Current biomedical models fail to replicate the complexity of human biology. Consequently, almost 90% of drug candidates fail during clinical trials after decades of research and billions of investments in drug development. Despite their physiological similarities, animal models often misrepresent human responses, and instead, trigger ethical and societal debates regarding their use. The overall aim across regulatory entities worldwide is to replace, reduce, and refine the use of animal experimentation, a concept known as the Three Rs principle. In response, researchers develop experimental alternatives to improve the biological relevance of in vitro models through interdisciplinary approaches. This article highlights the emerging organ-on-a-chip technologies, also known as microphysiological systems, with a focus on models of the vasculature. The cardiovascular system transports all necessary substances, including drugs, throughout the body while in charge of thermal regulation and communication between other organ systems. In addition, we discuss the benefits, limitations, and challenges in the widespread use of new biomedical models. Coupled with patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, organ-on-a-chip technologies are the future of drug discovery, development, and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diosangeles Soto Veliz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Center, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kai-Lan Lin
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Center, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Cecilia Sahlgren
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Center, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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Gravity-driven microfluidic device placed on a slow-tilting table enables constant unidirectional perfusion culture of human induced pluripotent stem cells. J Biosci Bioeng 2023; 135:151-159. [PMID: 36586792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Gravity-driven microfluidics, which utilizes gravity force to drive liquid flow, offers portability and multi-condition setting flexibility because they do not require pumps or connection tubes to drive the flow. However, because the flow rate decreases with time in gravity-driven microfluidics, it is not suitable for stem cell experiments, which require long-term (at least a day) stability. In this study, gravity-driven microfluidics and a slow-tilting table were developed to culture cells under constant unidirectional perfusion. The microfluidic device was placed on a slow-tilting table, which tilts unidirectionally at a rate of approximately 7° per day to compensate for the reduction in the flow rate. Computational simulations showed that the pulsation of the flow arising from the stepwise movement of the table was less than 0.2%, and the flow was laminar. Hydrophilization of the tanks increased the flow rate, which is consistent with the theoretical values. We showed that vitronectin is better than laminin 511 fragments as a coating material for adhering human induced pluripotent stem cells on a microchamber made of polydimethylsiloxane, and succeeded in culturing the cells for 3 days. It is believed that the system offers easy-to-use cell culture tools, such as conventional multiwell culture vessels, and enables the control of the cell microenvironment.
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10
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Sood A, Kumar A, Gupta VK, Kim CM, Han SS. Translational Nanomedicines Across Human Reproductive Organs Modeling on Microfluidic Chips: State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:62-84. [PMID: 36541361 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Forecasting the consequence of nanoparticles (NPs) and therapeutically significant molecules before materializing for human clinical trials is a mainstay for drug delivery and screening processes. One of the noteworthy obstacles that has prevented the clinical translation of NP-based drug delivery systems and novel drugs is the lack of effective preclinical platforms. As a revolutionary technology, the organ-on-a-chip (OOC), a coalition of microfluidics and tissue engineering, has surfaced as an alternative to orthodox screening platforms. OOC technology recapitulates the structural and physiological features of human organs along with intercommunications between tissues on a chip. The current review discusses the concept of microfluidics and confers cutting-edge fabrication processes for chip designing. We also outlined the advantages of microfluidics in analyzing NPs in terms of characterization, transport, and degradation in biological systems. The review further elaborates the scope and research on translational nanomedicines in human reproductive organs (testis, placenta, uterus, and menstrual cycle) by taking the advantages offered by microfluidics and shedding light on their potential future implications. Finally, we accentuate the existing challenges for clinical translation and scale-up dynamics for microfluidics chips and emphasize its future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sood
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Anuj Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.,Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, United Kingdom
| | - Chul Min Kim
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, 33 Dongjin-ro, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 52725, South Korea
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.,Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
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11
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Abdelkarim M, Perez-Davalos L, Abdelkader Y, Abostait A, Labouta HI. Critical design parameters to develop biomimetic organ-on-a-chip models for the evaluation of the safety and efficacy of nanoparticles. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:13-30. [PMID: 36440475 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2152000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Organ-on-a-chip (OOC) models are based on microfluidics and can recapitulate the healthy and diseased microstructure of organs1 and tissues and the dynamic microenvironment inside the human body. However, the use of OOC models to evaluate the safety and efficacy of nanoparticles (NPs) is still in the early stages. AREAS COVERED The different design parameters of the microfluidic chip and the mechanical forces generated by fluid flow play a pivotal role in simulating the human environment. This review discusses the role of different key parameters on the performance of OOC models. These include the flow pattern, flow rate, shear stress (magnitude, rate, and distribution), viscosity of the media, and the microchannel dimensions and shape. We also discuss how the shear stress and other mechanical forces affect the transport of NPs across biological barriers, cell uptake, and their biocompatibility. EXPERT OPINION We describe several good practices and design parameters to consider for future OOC research. We submit that following these recommendations will help realize the full potential of the OOC models in the preclinical evaluation of novel therapies, including NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdelkarim
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Manitoba, R3T 5V6, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, R3E 0T5, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Luis Perez-Davalos
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, R3E 0T5, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Yasmin Abdelkader
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, R3E 0T5, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Cell Biology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Abostait
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, R3E 0T5, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Hagar I Labouta
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Manitoba, R3T 5V6, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, R3E 0T5, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, R3E 3P4, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt
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12
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Ramamurthy RM, Atala A, Porada CD, Almeida-Porada G. Organoids and microphysiological systems: Promising models for accelerating AAV gene therapy studies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1011143. [PMID: 36225917 PMCID: PMC9549755 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1011143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The FDA has predicted that at least 10-20 gene therapy products will be approved by 2025. The surge in the development of such therapies can be attributed to the advent of safe and effective gene delivery vectors such as adeno-associated virus (AAV). The enormous potential of AAV has been demonstrated by its use in over 100 clinical trials and the FDA’s approval of two AAV-based gene therapy products. Despite its demonstrated success in some clinical settings, AAV-based gene therapy is still plagued by issues related to host immunity, and recent studies have suggested that AAV vectors may actually integrate into the host cell genome, raising concerns over the potential for genotoxicity. To better understand these issues and develop means to overcome them, preclinical model systems that accurately recapitulate human physiology are needed. The objective of this review is to provide a brief overview of AAV gene therapy and its current hurdles, to discuss how 3D organoids, microphysiological systems, and body-on-a-chip platforms could serve as powerful models that could be adopted in the preclinical stage, and to provide some examples of the successful application of these models to answer critical questions regarding AAV biology and toxicity that could not have been answered using current animal models. Finally, technical considerations while adopting these models to study AAV gene therapy are also discussed.
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13
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Dozzo A, Galvin A, Shin JW, Scalia S, O'Driscoll CM, Ryan KB. Modelling acute myeloid leukemia (AML): What's new? A transition from the classical to the modern. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022:10.1007/s13346-022-01189-4. [PMID: 35930221 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01189-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous malignancy affecting myeloid cells in the bone marrow (BM) but can spread giving rise to impaired hematopoiesis. AML incidence increases with age and is associated with poor prognostic outcomes. There has been a disconnect between the success of novel drug compounds observed in preclinical studies of hematological malignancy and less than exceptional therapeutic responses in clinical trials. This review aims to provide a state-of-the-art overview on the different preclinical models of AML available to expand insights into disease pathology and as preclinical screening tools. Deciphering the complex physiological and pathological processes and developing predictive preclinical models are key to understanding disease progression and fundamental in the development and testing of new effective drug treatments. Standard scaffold-free suspension models fail to recapitulate the complex environment where AML occurs. To this end, we review advances in scaffold/matrix-based 3D models and outline the most recent advances in on-chip technology. We also provide an overview of clinically relevant animal models and review the expanding use of patient-derived samples, which offer the prospect to create more "patient specific" screening tools either in the guise of 3D matrix models, microphysiological "organ-on-chip" tools or xenograft models and discuss representative examples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aoife Galvin
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jae-Won Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, 909 S. Wolcott Ave, Chicago, IL, 5091 COMRB, USA
| | - Santo Scalia
- Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Caitriona M O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,SSPC Centre for Pharmaceutical Research, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Katie B Ryan
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. .,SSPC Centre for Pharmaceutical Research, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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14
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The Mesenchymal Niche in Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071639. [PMID: 35885544 PMCID: PMC9320414 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are clonal disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, resulting in cytopenias and a risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia. In addition to mutations affecting hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), numerous studies have highlighted the role of the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) in the development of MDSs. The mesenchymal niche represents a key component of the BMME. In this review, we discuss the role of the mesenchymal niche in the pathophysiology of MDS and provide an overview of currently available in vitro and in vivo models that can be used to study the effects of the mesenchymal niche on HSCs.
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15
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Aparici Herraiz I, Caires HR, Castillo-Fernández Ó, Sima N, Méndez-Mora L, Risueño RM, Sattabongkot J, Roobsoong W, Hernández-Machado A, Fernandez-Becerra C, Barrias CC, del Portillo HA. Advancing Key Gaps in the Knowledge of Plasmodium vivax Cryptic Infections Using Humanized Mouse Models and Organs-on-Chips. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:920204. [PMID: 35873153 PMCID: PMC9302440 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.920204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax is the most widely distributed human malaria parasite representing 36.3% of disease burden in the South-East Asia region and the most predominant species in the region of the Americas. Recent estimates indicate that 3.3 billion of people are under risk of infection with circa 7 million clinical cases reported each year. This burden is certainly underestimated as the vast majority of chronic infections are asymptomatic. For centuries, it has been widely accepted that the only source of cryptic parasites is the liver dormant stages known as hypnozoites. However, recent evidence indicates that niches outside the liver, in particular in the spleen and the bone marrow, can represent a major source of cryptic chronic erythrocytic infections. The origin of such chronic infections is highly controversial as many key knowledge gaps remain unanswered. Yet, as parasites in these niches seem to be sheltered from immune response and antimalarial drugs, research on this area should be reinforced if elimination of malaria is to be achieved. Due to ethical and technical considerations, working with the liver, bone marrow and spleen from natural infections is very difficult. Recent advances in the development of humanized mouse models and organs-on-a-chip models, offer novel technological frontiers to study human diseases, vaccine validation and drug discovery. Here, we review current data of these frontier technologies in malaria, highlighting major challenges ahead to study P. vivax cryptic niches, which perpetuate transmission and burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Aparici Herraiz
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Hugo R. Caires
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Óscar Castillo-Fernández
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Sima
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Méndez-Mora
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth M. Risueño
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanlapa Roobsoong
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aurora Hernández-Machado
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Matemàtica (CRM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Fernandez-Becerra
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Cristina C. Barrias
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB – Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS – Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hernando A. del Portillo
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Hernando A. del Portillo,
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16
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Abstract
This review discusses our understanding of platelet diversity with implications for the roles of platelets in hemostasis and thrombosis and identifies advanced technologies set to provide new insights. We use the term diversity to capture intrasubject platelet variability that can be intrinsic or governed by the environment and lead to a heterogeneous response pattern of aggregation, clot promotion, and external communication. Using choice examples, we discuss how the use of advanced technologies can provide new insights into the underlying causes of platelet molecular, structural, and functional diversity. As sources of diversity, we discuss the proliferating megakaryocytes with different allele-specific expression patterns, the asymmetrical formation of proplatelets, changes in platelets induced by aging and priming, interplatelet heterogeneity in thrombus organization and stability, and platelet-dependent communications. We provide indications how current knowledge gaps can be addressed using promising technologies, such as next-generation sequencing, proteomic approaches, advanced imaging techniques, multicolor flow and mass cytometry, multifunctional microfluidics assays, and organ-on-a-chip platforms. We then argue how this technology base can aid in characterizing platelet populations and in identifying platelet biomarkers relevant for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, the Netherlands (J.W.M.H.)
| | - Jonathan West
- Faculty of Medicine and Centre for Hybrid Biodevices, University of Southampton, United Kingdom (J.W.)
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17
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Wan J, Zhou S, Mea HJ, Guo Y, Ku H, Urbina BM. Emerging Roles of Microfluidics in Brain Research: From Cerebral Fluids Manipulation to Brain-on-a-Chip and Neuroelectronic Devices Engineering. Chem Rev 2022; 122:7142-7181. [PMID: 35080375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Remarkable progress made in the past few decades in brain research enables the manipulation of neuronal activity in single neurons and neural circuits and thus allows the decipherment of relations between nervous systems and behavior. The discovery of glymphatic and lymphatic systems in the brain and the recently unveiled tight relations between the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the central nervous system (CNS) further revolutionize our understanding of brain structures and functions. Fundamental questions about how neurons conduct two-way communications with the gut to establish the gut-brain axis (GBA) and interact with essential brain components such as glial cells and blood vessels to regulate cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in health and disease, however, remain. Microfluidics with unparalleled advantages in the control of fluids at microscale has emerged recently as an effective approach to address these critical questions in brain research. The dynamics of cerebral fluids (i.e., blood and CSF) and novel in vitro brain-on-a-chip models and microfluidic-integrated multifunctional neuroelectronic devices, for example, have been investigated. This review starts with a critical discussion of the current understanding of several key topics in brain research such as neurovascular coupling (NVC), glymphatic pathway, and GBA and then interrogates a wide range of microfluidic-based approaches that have been developed or can be improved to advance our fundamental understanding of brain functions. Last, emerging technologies for structuring microfluidic devices and their implications and future directions in brain research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandi Wan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Sitong Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Hing Jii Mea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yaojun Guo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Hansol Ku
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Brianna M Urbina
- Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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18
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Woods K, Guezguez B. Dynamic Changes of the Bone Marrow Niche: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Progeny During Aging and Leukemia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:714716. [PMID: 34447754 PMCID: PMC8383146 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.714716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a heterogenous cell population found in a wide range of tissues in the body, known for their nutrient-producing and immunomodulatory functions. In the bone marrow (BM), these MSCs are critical for the regulation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) that are responsible for daily blood production and functional immunity throughout an entire organism's lifespan. Alongside other stromal cells, MSCs form a specialized microenvironment BM tissue called "niche" that tightly controls HSC self-renewal and differentiation. In addition, MSCs are crucial players in maintaining bone integrity and supply of hormonal nutrients due to their capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes which also contribute to cellular composition of the BM niche. However, MSCs are known to encompass a large heterogenous cell population that remains elusive and poorly defined. In this review, we focus on deciphering the BM-MSC biology through recent advances in single-cell identification of hierarchical subsets with distinct functionalities and transcriptional profiles. We also discuss the contribution of MSCs and their osteo-adipo progeny in modulating the complex direct cell-to-cell or indirect soluble factors-mediated interactions of the BM HSC niche during homeostasis, aging and myeloid malignancies. Lastly, we examine the therapeutic potential of MSCs for rejuvenation and anti-tumor remedy in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Woods
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Borhane Guezguez
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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