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Choudhury B, Lednicky JA, Loeb JC, Portugal S, Roy S. Inactivation of SARS CoV-2 on porous and nonporous surfaces by compact portable plasma reactor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1325336. [PMID: 38486867 PMCID: PMC10937532 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1325336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
We report the inactivation of SARS CoV-2 and its surrogate-Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43), on representative porous (KN95 mask material) and nonporous materials (aluminum and polycarbonate) using a Compact Portable Plasma Reactor (CPPR). The CPPR is a compact (48 cm3), lightweight, portable and scalable device that forms Dielectric Barrier Discharge which generates ozone using surrounding atmosphere as input gas, eliminating the need of source gas tanks. Iterative CPPR exposure time experiments were performed on inoculated material samples in 3 operating volumes. Minimum CPPR exposure times of 5-15 min resulted in 4-5 log reduction of SARS CoV-2 and its surrogate on representative material samples. Ozone concentration and CPPR energy requirements for virus inactivation are documented. Difference in disinfection requirements in porous and non-porous material samples is discussed along with initial scaling studies using the CPPR in 3 operating volumes. The results of this feasibility study, along with existing literature on ozone and CPPR decontamination, show the potential of the CPPR as a powerful technology to reduce fomite transmission of enveloped respiratory virus-induced infectious diseases such as COVID-19. The CPPR can overcome limitations of high temperatures, long exposure times, bulky equipment, and toxic residuals related to conventional decontamination technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaswati Choudhury
- SurfPlasma, Inc., Gainesville, FL, United States
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - John A. Lednicky
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Julia C. Loeb
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sherlie Portugal
- SurfPlasma, Inc., Gainesville, FL, United States
- School of Electrical Engineering, Technological University of Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - Subrata Roy
- SurfPlasma, Inc., Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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2
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Zambrana W, Boehm AB. Occurrence of Human Viruses on Fomites in the Environment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. ACS ENVIRONMENTAL AU 2023; 3:277-294. [PMID: 37743950 PMCID: PMC10515712 DOI: 10.1021/acsenvironau.3c00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Documenting the occurrence of viruses on fomites is crucial in determining the significance of fomite-mediated transmission and the potential use of fomites for environmental disease surveillance. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compile information on the occurrence of human viruses on fomites in the environment; we identified 134 peer-reviewed papers. We compiled sampling and measurement methods, results, quality control information, and whether virus data were compared with community health data from the papers. We conducted univariate and multivariate analyses to investigate if presence of virus on fomites was associated with virus type (enveloped, nonenveloped), sampling location (healthcare setting, nonhealthcare temporary setting, nonhealthcare nontemporary setting), and area of fomite swabbed (<50, 50-100, >100 cm2). Across 275 data sets from the 134 papers, there was the most data available for Coronaviridae and from fomites at hospitals. Positivity rates, defined as the percent positive fomite samples, were low (median = 6%). Data were available on viruses from 16 different viral families, but data on viruses from 9 families had few (n < 5) data sets. Many human virus families were not identified in this review (11 families). Less than 15% of the data sets reported virus concentrations in externally valid units (viruses per area of surface), and 16% provided a quantitative comparison between virus and health data. Virus type and area swabbed were significant predictors of virus presence on fomites, and the positivity rate of data sets collected from healthcare settings and nonhealthcare nontemporary settings (e.g., individual housing) were significantly higher than those collected in nonhealthcare temporary settings (e.g., restaurants). Data from this review indicates that viruses may be present on fomites, that fomite-mediated virus transmission may occur, and that fomites may provide information on circulation of infectious diseases in the community. However, more quantitative data on diverse viruses are needed, and method reporting needs significant improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie Zambrana
- Department
of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Alexandria B. Boehm
- Department
of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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3
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Treatment of infection and inflammation associated with COVID-19, multi-drug resistant pneumonia and fungal sinusitis by nebulizing a nanosilver solution. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 48:102654. [PMID: 36646192 PMCID: PMC9839457 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Solutions containing Ag0 nanoclusters, Ag+1, and higher oxidation state silver, generated from nanocrystalline silver dressings, were anti-inflammatory against porcine skin inflammation. The dressings have clinically-demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, suggesting application of nanosilver solutions in treating pulmonary infection. Nanosilver solutions were tested for antimicrobial efficacy; against HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2; and nebulized in rats with acute pneumonia. Patients with pneumonia (ventilated), fungal sinusitis, burns plus COVID-19, and two non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 received nebulized nanosilver solution. Nanosilver solutions demonstrated pH-dependent antimicrobial efficacy; reduced infection and inflammation without evidence of lung toxicity in the rat model; and inactivated HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2. Pneumonia patients had rapidly reduced pulmonary symptoms, recovering pre-illness respiratory function. Fungal sinusitis-related inflammation decreased immediately with infection clearance within 21 days. Non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 experienced rapid symptom remission. Nanosilver solutions, due to anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antimicrobial activity, may be effective for treating respiratory inflammation and infections caused by viruses and/or microbes.
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Kumar A, Grams TR, Bloom DC, Toth Z. Signaling Pathway Reporter Screen with SARS-CoV-2 Proteins Identifies nsp5 as a Repressor of p53 Activity. Viruses 2022; 14:v14051039. [PMID: 35632779 PMCID: PMC9145535 DOI: 10.3390/v14051039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of host signaling pathways plays a critical role in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and viral pathogenesis. While a number of viral proteins that can block type I IFN signaling have been identified, a comprehensive analysis of SARS-CoV-2 proteins in the regulation of other signaling pathways that can be critical for viral infection and its pathophysiology is still lacking. Here, we screened the effect of 21 SARS-CoV-2 proteins on 10 different host signaling pathways, namely, Wnt, p53, TGFβ, c-Myc, Hypoxia, Hippo, AP-1, Notch, Oct4/Sox2, and NF-κB, using a luciferase reporter assay. As a result, we identified several SARS-CoV-2 proteins that could act as activators or inhibitors for distinct signaling pathways in the context of overexpression in HEK293T cells. We also provided evidence for p53 being an intrinsic host restriction factor of SARS-CoV-2. We found that the overexpression of p53 is capable of reducing virus production, while the main viral protease nsp5 can repress the transcriptional activity of p53, which depends on the protease function of nsp5. Taken together, our results provide a foundation for future studies, which can explore how the dysregulation of specific signaling pathways by SARS-CoV-2 proteins can control viral infection and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Tristan R. Grams
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (T.R.G.); (D.C.B.)
| | - David C. Bloom
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (T.R.G.); (D.C.B.)
| | - Zsolt Toth
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
- UF Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- UF Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Correspondence:
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Nannu Shankar S, Witanachchi CT, Morea AF, Lednicky JA, Loeb JC, Alam MM, Fan ZH, Eiguren-Fernandez A, Wu CY. SARS-CoV-2 in residential rooms of two self-isolating persons with COVID-19. JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE 2022; 159:105870. [PMID: 34483358 PMCID: PMC8401278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2021.105870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with COVID-19 are advised to self-isolate at their residences unless they require hospitalization. Persons sharing a dwelling with someone who has COVID-19 have a substantial risk of being exposed to the virus. However, environmental monitoring for the detection of virus in such settings is limited. We present a pilot study on environmental sampling for SARS-CoV-2 virions in the residential rooms of two volunteers with COVID-19 who self-quarantined. Apart from standard surface swab sampling, based on availability, four air samplers positioned 0.3-2.2 m from the volunteers were used: a VIable Virus Aerosol Sampler (VIVAS), an inline air sampler that traps particles on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filters, a NIOSH 2-stage cyclone sampler (BC-251), and a Sioutas personal cascade impactor sampler (PCIS). The latter two selectively collect particles of specific size ranges. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected by real-time Reverse-Transcription quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-qPCR) analyses of particles in one air sample from the room of volunteer A and in various air and surface samples from that of volunteer B. The one positive sample collected by the NIOSH sampler from volunteer A's room had a quantitation cycle (Cq) of 38.21 for the N-gene, indicating a low amount of airborne virus [5.69E-02 SARS-CoV-2 genome equivalents (GE)/cm3 of air]. In contrast, air samples and surface samples collected off the mobile phone in volunteer B's room yielded Cq values ranging from 14.58 to 24.73 and 21.01 to 24.74, respectively, on the first day of sampling, indicating that this volunteer was actively shedding relatively high amounts of SARS-CoV-2 at that time. The SARS-CoV-2 GE/cm3 of air for the air samples collected by the PCIS was in the range 6.84E+04 to 3.04E+05 using the LED-N primer system, the highest being from the stage 4 filter, and similarly, ranged from 2.54E+03 to 1.68E+05 GE/cm3 in air collected by the NIOSH sampler. Attempts to isolate the virus in cell culture from the samples from volunteer B's room with the aforementioned Cq values were unsuccessful due to out-competition by a co-infecting Human adenovirus B3 (HAdVB3) that killed the Vero E6 cell cultures within 4 days of their inoculation, although Cq values of 34.56-37.32 were measured upon rRT-qPCR analyses of vRNA purified from the cell culture medium. The size distribution of SARS-CoV-2-laden aerosol particles collected from the air of volunteer B's room was >0.25 μm and >0.1 μm as recorded by the PCIS and the NIOSH sampler, respectively, suggesting a risk of aerosol transmission since these particles can remain suspended in air for an extended time and travel over long distances. The detection of virus in surface samples also underscores the potential for fomite transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sripriya Nannu Shankar
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Chiran T Witanachchi
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Alyssa F Morea
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - John A Lednicky
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Julia C Loeb
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Md Mahbubul Alam
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Z Hugh Fan
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | | | - Chang-Yu Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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Li H, Shankar SN, Witanachchi CT, Lednicky JA, Loeb JC, Alam MM, Fan ZH, Mohamed K, Boyette JA, Eiguren-Fernandez A, Wu CY. Environmental Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 in Two Restaurants from a Mid-scale City that Followed U.S. CDC Reopening Guidance. AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH 2022; 22:210304. [PMID: 35024044 PMCID: PMC8752097 DOI: 10.4209/aaqr.210304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Since mask use and physical distancing are difficult to maintain when people dine indoors, restaurants are perceived as high risk for acquiring COVID-19. The air and environmental surfaces in two restaurants in a mid-scale city located in north central Florida that followed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reopening guidance were sampled three times from July 2020 to February 2021. Sixteen air samples were collected for 2 hours using air samplers, and 20 surface samples by using moistened swabs. The samples were analyzed by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA. A total of ~550 patrons dined in the restaurants during our samplings. SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA was not detected in any of the air samples. One of the 20 surface samples (5%) was positive. That sample had been collected from a plastic tablecloth immediately after guests left the restaurant. Virus was not isolated in cell cultures inoculated with aliquots of the RT-PCR-positive sample. The likelihood that patrons and staff acquire SARS-CoV-2 infections may be low in restaurants in a mid-scale city that adopt CDC restaurant reopening guidelines, such as operation at 50% capacity so that tables can be spaced at least 6 feet apart, establishment of adequate mechanical ventilation, use of a face covering except while eating or drinking, and implementation of disinfection measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwan Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, USA
| | | | | | - John A. Lednicky
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, USA
| | - Julia C. Loeb
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, USA
| | - Md. Mahbubul Alam
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, USA
| | - Z. Hugh Fan
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, USA
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, USA
| | - Karim Mohamed
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, USA
| | - Jessica A. Boyette
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, USA
| | | | - Chang-Yu Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, USA
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7
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Gonçalves J, da Silva PG, Reis L, Nascimento MSJ, Koritnik T, Paragi M, Mesquita JR. Surface contamination with SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 798:149231. [PMID: 34325141 PMCID: PMC8302502 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about contaminated surfaces as a route of transmission for SARS-CoV- 2 and a systematic review is missing and urgently needed to provide guidelines for future research studies. As such, the aim of the present study was to review the current scientific knowledge and to summarize the existing studies in which SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in inanimate surfaces. This systematic review includes studies since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, available in PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus. Duplicate publications were removed, and exclusion criteria was applied to eliminate unrelated studies, resulting in 37 eligible publications. The present study provides the first overview of SARS-CoV-2 detection in surfaces. The highest detection rates occurred in hospitals and healthcare facilities with COVID-19 patients. Contamination with SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces was detected in a wide range of facilities and surfaces. There is a lack of studies performing viability testing for SARS-CoV-2 recovered from surfaces, and consequently it is not yet possible to assess the potential for transmission via surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Gonçalves
- Department for Public Health Microbiology Ljubljana, Centre for Medical Microbiology, National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Priscilla Gomes da Silva
- Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Epidemiology Research Unit (EPIunit), Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Reis
- Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Tom Koritnik
- Department for Public Health Microbiology Ljubljana, Centre for Medical Microbiology, National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Metka Paragi
- Department for Public Health Microbiology Ljubljana, Centre for Medical Microbiology, National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - João R Mesquita
- Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Epidemiology Research Unit (EPIunit), Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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8
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Manzanas C, Alam MM, Loeb JC, Lednicky JA, Wu CY, Fan ZH. A Valve-Enabled Sample Preparation Device with Isothermal Amplification for Multiplexed Virus Detection at the Point-of-Care. ACS Sens 2021; 6:4176-4184. [PMID: 34767357 PMCID: PMC8609915 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Early and accurate detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza viruses at the point-of-care is crucial for reducing disease transmission during the current pandemic and future flu seasons. To prepare for potential cocirculation of these two viruses, we report a valve-enabled, paper-based sample preparation device integrated with isothermal amplification for their simultaneous detection. The device incorporates (1) virus lysis and RNA enrichment, enabled by ball-based valves for sequential delivery of reagents with no pipet requirement, (2) reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification, carried out in a coffee mug, and (3) colorimetric detection. We have used the device for simultaneously detecting inactivated SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A H1N1 viruses in 50 min, with limits of detection at 2 and 6 genome equivalents, respectively. The device was further demonstrated to detect both viruses in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Manzanas
- Interdisciplinary Microsystems Group, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, P. O. Box 116250, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Md Mahbubul Alam
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Julia C Loeb
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - John A Lednicky
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Chang-Yu Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Z Hugh Fan
- Interdisciplinary Microsystems Group, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, P. O. Box 116250, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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9
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Marini S, Mavian C, Riva A, Prosperi M, Salemi M, Rife Magalis B. Optimizing viral genome subsampling by genetic diversity and temporal distribution (TARDiS) for phylogenetics. Bioinformatics 2021; 38:856-860. [PMID: 34672334 PMCID: PMC8756195 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY TARDiS is a novel phylogenetic tool for optimal genetic subsampling. It optimizes both genetic diversity and temporal distribution through a genetic algorithm. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION TARDiS, along with example datasets and a user manual, is available at https://github.com/smarini/tardis-phylogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Marini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA,Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Carla Mavian
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA,Department of Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Alberto Riva
- Bioinformatics Core, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Mattia Prosperi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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10
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Lednicky JA, Cherabuddi K, Tagliamonte MS, Elbadry MA, Subramaniam K, Waltzek TB, Morris JG. In-Frame 12-Nucleotide Deletion within Open Reading Frame 3a in a SARS-CoV-2 Strain Isolated from a Patient Hospitalized with COVID-19. Microbiol Resour Announc 2021; 10:e00137-21. [PMID: 33632859 PMCID: PMC7909084 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00137-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strain UF-8, with an in-frame 12-nucleotide deletion within open reading frame 3a (ORF3a), was isolated from a 78-year-old COVID-19 patient in March 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Lednicky
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kartikeya Cherabuddi
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Massimiliano S Tagliamonte
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Maha A Elbadry
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kuttichantran Subramaniam
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Thomas B Waltzek
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - J Glenn Morris
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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