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Lorenzetti L, Brandolini M, Gatti G, Bernardi E, Chiavari C, Gualandi P, Galliani G, Sambri V, Martini C. Cu-based thin rolled foils: relationship among alloy composition, micromechanical and antiviral properties against SARS-CoV-2. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28238. [PMID: 38560697 PMCID: PMC10979200 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and pandemics caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) and new-generation pathogens threaten the whole world community. Cu and its alloys have been attracting widespread interest as anti-contamination materials due to the rapid inactivation of MDR-superbugs and viruses. Applying thin Cu-based foils on pre-existing surfaces in hygiene-sensitive areas represents a quick, simple, cost-effective self-sanitising practice. However, the influence of chemical composition and microstructure should be deeply investigated when evaluating the antimicrobial capability and durability of Cu-based materials. The effect of composition on micromechanical and antiviral properties was investigated by comparing Cu15Zn and Cu18Ni20Zn (foil thickness from 13 to 27 μm) with Phosphorous High-Conductivity (PHC) Cu. The influence of recrystallisation annealing of PHC Cu was also investigated. Microstructural characterisation was carried out by optical (OM) and scanning electron (FEG-SEM) microscopy, Energy-dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Electron-Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD). The micromechanical behaviour was assessed by microhardness, microscale abrasion and scratch tests. Cu-based foils were exposed to SARS-CoV-2 for different time points in quasi-dry conditions (artificial sweat solution), evaluating their antiviral capability by quantitative Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Surface morphology, contact angle measurements and Cu release were measured. All Cu-based surfaces completely inactivated SARS-CoV-2 in 10 min: pure Cu was the best option regarding antiviral efficiency, while Cu15Zn showed the best trade-off between micromechanical and antiviral properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Lorenzetti
- Dept. Industrial Engineering (DIN), University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - M. Brandolini
- Unit of Microbiology, The Great Romagna Hub Laboratory, Piazza della Liberazione 60, 47522 Pievesestina, Italy
- Dept. Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - G. Gatti
- Unit of Microbiology, The Great Romagna Hub Laboratory, Piazza della Liberazione 60, 47522 Pievesestina, Italy
- Dept. Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - E. Bernardi
- Dept. Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 85, Bologna 40129, Italy
| | - C. Chiavari
- Dept. Cultural Heritage (DBC), University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani 1, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - P. Gualandi
- Pietro Galliani SpA, Via Molino Malpasso 65, 40038 Vergato (BO), Italy
| | - G. Galliani
- Pietro Galliani SpA, Via Molino Malpasso 65, 40038 Vergato (BO), Italy
| | - V. Sambri
- Unit of Microbiology, The Great Romagna Hub Laboratory, Piazza della Liberazione 60, 47522 Pievesestina, Italy
- Dept. Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C. Martini
- Dept. Industrial Engineering (DIN), University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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Tata P, Ganesan R, Ray Dutta J. Amplifying bactericidal activity: Surfactant-mediated AgBr thin film coating over two-dimensional vertically aligned ZnO nanorods for dark-light dual mode disinfection. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 250:112815. [PMID: 37995494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Thin film coatings with potent antibacterial properties find critical applications in diverse domains such as medical devices, frequently touched surfaces, and food packaging for combating microbial proliferation across diverse scenarios. Two-dimensional photocatalytic antimicrobial coatings, offering a substantial actual-to-apparent surface ratio, hold immense potential for achieving this objective. However, realizing antibacterial performance not just under light but also in dark conditions remains a challenge. To address this, we present AgBr-coated vertically aligned ZnO nanorods (NRs) thin film architecture, employing a unique surfactant-mediated solution-phase spin-coating approach for achieving uniform deposition of AgBr onto ZnO NRs. The resulting ZnO NRs/AgBr heterojunction architectures have been characterized for their microstructural, morphological, elemental, optical, and wettability attributes. The studies have ascertained the tunability of AgBr content by modulating the concentration of its surfactant-based precursor solution. Further, valence band (VB) analyses revealed an increase in the electron density near to the VB edge. The dual role of AgBr as an antimicrobial agent and a photosensitizer, effectively enhancing the visible-light photodisinfection efficacy of ZnO NRs, has been evident through the dark-light dual mode antibacterial studies. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements have shown hydroxyl radicals being majorly responsible for the visible-light photodisinfection performance. Encouragingly, reusability assessments showcase significant promise, while artificial sweat-wiping studies on the structures unveil heightened photodisinfection efficacy. This enhancement could be attributed to components like urea and lactic acid, speculated to augment the photocatalytic efficiency by minimizing charge recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranathi Tata
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal District, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Ramakrishnan Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal District, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India.
| | - Jayati Ray Dutta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal District, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India.
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Iskandar K, Pecastaings S, LeGac C, Salvatico S, Feuillolay C, Guittard M, Marchin L, Verelst M, Roques C. Demonstrating the In Vitro and In Situ Antimicrobial Activity of Oxide Mineral Microspheres: An Innovative Technology to Be Incorporated into Porous and Nonporous Materials. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041261. [PMID: 37111747 PMCID: PMC10144421 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of surfaces treated with zinc and/or magnesium mineral oxide microspheres is a patented technology that has been demonstrated in vitro against bacteria and viruses. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency and sustainability of the technology in vitro, under simulation-of-use conditions, and in situ. The tests were undertaken in vitro according to the ISO 22196:2011, ISO 20473:2013, and NF S90-700:2019 standards with adapted parameters. Simulation-of-use tests evaluated the robustness of the activity under worst-case scenarios. The in situ tests were conducted on high-touch surfaces. The in vitro results show efficient antimicrobial activity against referenced strains with a log reduction of >2. The sustainability of this effect was time-dependent and detected at lower temperatures (20 ± 2.5 °C) and humidity (46%) conditions for variable inoculum concentrations and contact times. The simulation of use proved the microsphere's efficiency under harsh mechanical and chemical tests. The in situ studies showed a higher than 90% reduction in CFU/25 cm2 per treated surface versus the untreated surfaces, reaching a targeted value of <50 CFU/cm2. Mineral oxide microspheres can be incorporated into unlimited surface types, including medical devices, to efficiently and sustainably prevent microbial contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Iskandar
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Bekaa P.O. Box 146404, Lebanon
- National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology, and Toxicology-Lebanon (INSPECT-LB), Beirut 6573, Lebanon
| | - Sophie Pecastaings
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Céline LeGac
- FONDEREPHAR, Faculté de Pharmacie, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Mylène Guittard
- Pylote SAS, 22 Avenue de la Mouyssaguèse, 31280 Drémil-Lafage, France
| | - Loïc Marchin
- Pylote SAS, 22 Avenue de la Mouyssaguèse, 31280 Drémil-Lafage, France
| | - Marc Verelst
- CEMES, UPR CNRS 8011, 29 Rue Jeanne Marvig, CEDEX, 31055 Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Roques
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
- FONDEREPHAR, Faculté de Pharmacie, 31062 Toulouse, France
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Murray AF, Bryan D, Garfinkel DA, Jorgensen CS, Tang N, Liyanage WLNC, Lass EA, Yang Y, Rack PD, Denes TG, Gilbert DA. Antimicrobial properties of a multi-component alloy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21427. [PMID: 36503913 PMCID: PMC9741758 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High traffic touch surfaces such as doorknobs, countertops, and handrails can be transmission points for the spread of pathogens, emphasizing the need to develop materials that actively self-sanitize. Metals are frequently used for these surfaces due to their durability, but many metals also possess antimicrobial properties which function through a variety of mechanisms. This work investigates metallic alloys comprised of several metals which individually possess antimicrobial properties, with the target of achieving broad-spectrum, rapid sanitation through synergistic activity. An entropy-motivated stabilization paradigm is proposed to prepare scalable alloys of copper, silver, nickel and cobalt. Using combinatorial sputtering, thin-film alloys were prepared on 100 mm wafers with ≈50% compositional grading of each element across the wafer. The films were then annealed and investigated for alloy stability. Antimicrobial activity testing was performed on both the as-grown alloys and the annealed films using four microorganisms-Phi6, MS2, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli-as surrogates for human viral and bacterial pathogens. Testing showed that after 30 s of contact with some of the test alloys, Phi6, an enveloped, single-stranded RNA bacteriophage that serves as a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate, was reduced up to 6.9 orders of magnitude (> 99.9999%). Additionally, the non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA bacteriophage MS2, and the Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive B. subtilis bacterial strains showed a 5.0, 6.4, and 5.7 log reduction in activity after 30, 20 and 10 min, respectively. Antimicrobial activity in the alloy samples showed a strong dependence on the composition, with the log reduction scaling directly with the Cu content. Concentration of Cu by phase separation after annealing improved activity in some of the samples. The results motivate a variety of themes which can be leveraged to design ideal antimicrobial surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne F. Murray
- grid.411461.70000 0001 2315 1184Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA ,grid.411461.70000 0001 2315 1184Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Daniel Bryan
- grid.411461.70000 0001 2315 1184Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - David A. Garfinkel
- grid.411461.70000 0001 2315 1184Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Cameron S. Jorgensen
- grid.411461.70000 0001 2315 1184Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Nan Tang
- grid.411461.70000 0001 2315 1184Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - WLNC Liyanage
- grid.411461.70000 0001 2315 1184Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Eric A. Lass
- grid.411461.70000 0001 2315 1184Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Ying Yang
- grid.135519.a0000 0004 0446 2659Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - Philip D. Rack
- grid.411461.70000 0001 2315 1184Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Thomas G. Denes
- grid.411461.70000 0001 2315 1184Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Dustin A. Gilbert
- grid.411461.70000 0001 2315 1184Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA ,grid.411461.70000 0001 2315 1184Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
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Weathering and Antimicrobial Properties of Laminate and Powder Coatings Containing Silver Phosphate Glass Used as High-Touch Surfaces. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14127102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the use of hygienic high-touch surfaces with antimicrobial properties in health care and public spaces is one way to hinder the spread of bacteria and infections. This study investigates the antimicrobial efficacy and surface reactivity of commercial laminate and powder coated surfaces treated with silver-doped phosphate glass as antimicrobial additive towards two model bacterial strains, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, in relation to surface weathering and repeated cleaning. High-touch conditions in indoor environments were simulated by different extents of pre-weathering (repeated daily cycles in relative humidity at constant temperature) and simplified fingerprint contact by depositing small droplets of artificial sweat. The results elucidate that the antimicrobial efficacy was highly bacteria dependent (Gram-positive or Gram-negative), not hampered by differences in surface weathering but influenced by the amount of silver-doped additive. No detectable amounts of silver were observed at the top surfaces, though silver was released into artificial sweat in concentrations a thousand times lower than regulatory threshold values stipulated for materials and polymers in food contact. Surface cleaning with an oxidizing chemical agent was more efficient in killing bacteria compared with an agent composed of biologically degradable constituents. Cleaning with the oxidizing agent resulted further in increased wettability and presence of residues on the surfaces, effects that were beneficial from an antimicrobial efficacy perspective.
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Liu M, Bauman L, Nogueira CL, Aucoin MG, Anderson WA, Zhao B. Antimicrobial Polymeric Composites for High-touch Surfaces in Healthcare Applications. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2022; 22:100395. [PMID: 35434438 PMCID: PMC8995198 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2022.100395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial polymer composites have long been utilized in the healthcare field as part of the first line of defense. These composites are desirable in that they pose a minimal risk of developing contagions with antibiotic resistance. For this reason, the field of antimicrobial composites has seen steady growth over recent years and is becoming increasingly important during the current COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, we first review the need of the antimicrobial polymers in high tough surfaces, the antimicrobial mechanism, and then the recent advances in the development of antimicrobial polymer composite including the utilization of intrinsic antimicrobial polymers, the addition of antimicrobial additives, and new exploration of surface patterning. While there are many established and developing methods of imbuing a material with antimicrobial activity, there currently is no standard quantification method for these properties leading to difficulty comparing the efficacy of these materials within the literature. A discussion of the common antimicrobial characterization methods is provided along with highlights on the need of a standardized quantification of antiviral and antibacterial properties in testing to allow ease of comparison between generated libraries and to facilitate proper screening. We also discuss and comment on the current trends of the development of antimicrobial polymer composites with long-lasting and specific antimicrobial activities, nontoxic properties, and environmental friendliness against a broad-spectrum of microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology & Institute for Polymer Research, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Lukas Bauman
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology & Institute for Polymer Research, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Boxin Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology & Institute for Polymer Research, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Chang T, Babu RP, Zhao W, Johnson CM, Hedström P, Odnevall I, Leygraf C. High-Resolution Microscopical Studies of Contact Killing Mechanisms on Copper-Based Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49402-49413. [PMID: 34618446 PMCID: PMC8532116 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of bacterial contact killing induced by Cu surfaces were explored through high-resolution studies based on combinations of the focused ion beam (FIB), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), high-resolution TEM, and nanoscale Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (nano-FTIR) microscopy of individual bacterial cells of Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis in direct contact with Cu metal and Cu5Zn5Al1Sn surfaces after high-touch corrosion conditions. This approach permitted subcellular information to be extracted from the bioinorganic interface between a single bacterium and Cu/Cu5Zn5Al1Sn surfaces after complete contact killing. Early stages of interaction between individual bacteria and the metal/alloy surfaces include cell leakage of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) from the bacterium and changes in the metal/alloy surface composition upon adherence of bacteria. Three key observations responsible for Cu-induced contact killing include cell membrane damage, formation of nanosized copper-containing particles within the bacteria cell, and intracellular copper redox reactions. Direct evidence of cell membrane damage was observed upon contact with both Cu metal and Cu5Zn5Al1Sn surfaces. Cell membrane damage permits copper to enter into the cell interior through two possible routes, as small fragmentized Cu2O particles from the corrosion product layer and/or as released copper ions. This results in the presence of intracellular copper oxide nanoparticles inside the cell. The nanosized particles consist primarily of CuO with smaller amounts of Cu2O. The existence of two oxidation states of copper suggests that intracellular redox reactions play an important role. The nanoparticle formation can be regarded as a detoxification process of copper, which immobilizes copper ions via transformation processes within the bacteria into poorly soluble or even insoluble nanosized Cu structures. Similarly, the formation of primarily Cu(II) oxide nanoparticles could be a possible way for the bacteria to deactivate the toxic effects induced by copper ions via conversion of Cu(I) to Cu(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingru Chang
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- AIMES—Center
for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences
at Karolinska Institutet, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department
of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R. Prasath Babu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Weijie Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C. Magnus Johnson
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Hedström
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inger Odnevall
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- AIMES—Center
for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences
at Karolinska Institutet, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department
of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christofer Leygraf
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Kasach AA, Kharytonau DS, Paspelau AV, Ryl J, Sergievich DS, Zharskii IM, Kurilo II. Effect of TiO 2 Concentration on Microstructure and Properties of Composite Cu-Sn-TiO 2 Coatings Obtained by Electrodeposition. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14206179. [PMID: 34683768 PMCID: PMC8540675 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, Cu–Sn–TiO2 composite coatings were electrochemically obtained from a sulfate bath containing 0–10 g/L of TiO2 nanoparticles. The effect of TiO2 particles on kinetics of cathodic electrodeposition has been studied by linear sweep voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. As compared to the Cu–Sn alloy, the Cu–Sn–TiO2 composite coatings show rougher surfaces with TiO2 agglomerates embedded in the metal matrix. The highest average amount of included TiO2 is 1.7 wt.%, in the case of the bath containing 5 g/L thereof. Composite coatings showed significantly improved antibacterial properties towards E. coli ATCC 8739 bacteria as compared to the Cu–Sn coatings of the same composition. Such improvement has been connected with the corrosion resistance of the composites studied by linear polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In the bacterial media and 3% NaCl solutions, Cu–Sn–TiO2 composite coatings have lower corrosion resistance as compared to Cu–Sn alloys, which is caused by the nonuniformity of the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaksandr A. Kasach
- Department of Chemistry, Electrochemical Production Technology and Materials for Electronic Equipment, Chemical Technology and Engineering Faculty, Belarusian State Technological University, Sverdlova 13a, 220006 Minsk, Belarus;
- Correspondence: (A.A.K.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Dzmitry S. Kharytonau
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.A.K.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Andrei V. Paspelau
- Physical and Chemical Investigations Methods Center, Belarusian State Technological University, Sverdlova 13a, 220006 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Jacek Ryl
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Denis S. Sergievich
- Department of Biotechnology, Organic Substances Technology Faculty, Belarusian State Technological University, Sverdlova 13a, 220006 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Ivan M. Zharskii
- Department of Chemistry, Electrochemical Production Technology and Materials for Electronic Equipment, Chemical Technology and Engineering Faculty, Belarusian State Technological University, Sverdlova 13a, 220006 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Irina I. Kurilo
- Department of Physical, Colloid and Analytical Chemistry, Organic Substances Technology Faculty, Belarusian State Technological University, Sverdlova 13a, 220006 Minsk, Belarus;
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蒋 波, 李 世, 郑 伟. [Preparation of Antibiotic-Loaded Copper-Doped Hydroxyapatite Microspheres and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Osteogenic Effect]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2021; 52:799-806. [PMID: 34622596 PMCID: PMC10408875 DOI: 10.12182/20210960209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the preparation method of copper (Cu)-doped hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres loaded with vancomycin (Van), and evaluate their antibacterial and osteogenic effects in vitro. METHODS The Cu doped HA microspheres (Cu-HA) with molar doping ratios of 1%, 5%, 10%, and 20% were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. The microscopic morphology changes were observe with scanning electron microscope. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) was used to study the phase composition and analyze the crystallinity of the sample. Cu-HA with a molar doping ratio of 10% was selected for analysis of the elemental composition of the sample with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and was then coated with polydopamine (PDA) as the medium to prepare Cu-HA-PDA. XRD and Fourier infrared spectrometer were used to examine the coating effect of the sample. Van was load on Cu-HA-PDA to prepare Cu-HA-PDA-Van. HA, Cu-HA, HA-PDA, and Cu-HA-PDA-Van were added to α medium at 10 mg/mL to prepare different groups of extract solutions.The main components of the extract solutions were examined, and the Van concentration was checked. We examined the toxic effect of material extract solutions on osteogenic precursor cells and the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and checked the expression of osteocalcin ( OCN), runt-related transcription factor 2 ( RUNX-2), and alkaline phosphatase ( ALP), the osteogenic related genes. Sterilized HA, Cu-HA, HA-PDA, Cu-HA-PDA, Cu-HA-DPA-Van microsphere materials were prepared, and the colony counting method was used to evaluate the antibacterial effect of the materials for Staphylococcus aureus. RESULTS Various types of Cu-doped HA (Cu-HA) were successfully synthesized. As the proportion of Cu increased, the morphology gradually changed from being strip or belt-shaped to a uniform spherical shape. Cu-HA of 10% molar doping ratio showed a clearly microspherical shape and a petal-like porous micro-nano morphology on the surface. EDS and XRD analyses showed that the main structure of the material was still made up of hydroxyapatite crystals and Cu was successfully doped with HA. The infrared spectrometer showed that the PDA was successfully coated on the surface of the material. Examination of the main components of the extract solution once again verified that the Cu element had successfully entered and replaced part of the Ca element in the HA. The 10 mg/mL Cu-HA-PDA-Van extract solution contained 0.27 mg/mL of Van. In vitro cell experiments and bone-formation-related gene testing showed that Cu-HA-Van had good biological activity and promoted bone differentiation. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Cu-HA-PDA-Van microspheres was 16 μg/mL. Compared with Cu-HA, HA-PDA and pure HA, Cu-HA-Van microspheres had significant and long-lasting antibacterial effects. CONCLUSION Cu element was used to control the microscopic morphology of HA, and the Cu-HA-PDA-Van microspheres prepared by successfully coating of PDA and loading of Van had good antibacterial properties and biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- 波波 蒋
- 西南交通大学附属医院 西南交通大学材料重点实验室 (成都 610036)The Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Materials, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610036, China
| | - 世宏 李
- 西南交通大学附属医院 西南交通大学材料重点实验室 (成都 610036)The Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Materials, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610036, China
| | - 伟 郑
- 西南交通大学附属医院 西南交通大学材料重点实验室 (成都 610036)The Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Materials, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610036, China
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