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Pitsilos C, Karachrysafi S, Fragou A, Gigis I, Papadopoulos P, Chalidis B. The Biological Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Rotator Cuff Tears: A Prospective Randomized In Vivo Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7957. [PMID: 39063199 PMCID: PMC11277466 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The positive effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on tendon metabolism has been extensively investigated and proven in vitro. Additionally, in vivo animal studies have correlated the application of PRP with the enhancement of tenocyte anabolic activity in the setting of tendon degeneration. However, less is known about its in vivo effect on human tendon biology. The purpose of the current prospective randomized comparative study was to evaluate the effect of PRP on torn human supraspinatus tendon. Twenty consecutive eligible patients with painful and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-confirmed degenerative supraspinatus tendon tears were randomized in a one-to-one ratio into two groups. The patients in the experimental group (n = 10) underwent an ultrasound-guided autologous PRP injection in the subacromial space 6 weeks before the scheduled operation. In the control group (n = 10), no injection was made prior to surgery. Supraspinatus tendon specimens were harvested from the lateral end of the torn tendon during shoulder arthroscopy and were evaluated under optical and electron microscopy. In the control group, a mixed cell population of oval and rounded tenocytes within disorganized collagen and sites of accumulated inflammatory cells was detected. In contrast, the experimental group yielded abundant oval-shaped cells with multiple cytoplasmic processes within mainly parallel collagen fibers and less marked inflammation, simulating the intact tendon structure. These findings indicate that PRP can induce microscopic changes in the ruptured tendon by stimulating the healing process and can facilitate a more effective recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Pitsilos
- 2nd Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54635 Thessaloniki, Greece; (C.P.); (I.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Sofia Karachrysafi
- Research Team “Histologistas”, Interinstitutional Postgraduate Program “Health and Environmental Factors”, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Fragou
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical Department, School of Health Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Gigis
- 2nd Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54635 Thessaloniki, Greece; (C.P.); (I.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Pericles Papadopoulos
- 2nd Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54635 Thessaloniki, Greece; (C.P.); (I.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Byron Chalidis
- 1st Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Xu Y, Ma L, Jia K, Wu X, Ge C. Efficacy and safety of autologous platelet-rich plasma in anal fistula: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Saudi Med 2024; 44:264-271. [PMID: 39127896 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2024.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of autologous PRP in anal fistula. METHODS The search was done in electronic databases such as; PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Embase, and Cochrane Library. The outcomes investigated in this study were the rate of improvement, the rate of recurrence, and the rate of fecal incontinence. RESULTS Cure, incontinence, and recurrence rates were 68% (95% CI, .60-.76), 27% (95% CI, .12-.46), and 18% (95% CI, .12-.26), respectively. The pooled improvement ratio in patients treated with PRP compared to control group was 1.35 times, which was statistically significant (pooled OR=1.35, 95% CI, 1.14-1.60, P<001). The pooled recurrence ratio in patients treated with PRP compared to control group was 1.17, which was not statistically significant (pooled OR=1.17, 95% CI, 0.44-3.11). DISCUSSION Platelet-rich plasma is an effective method of healing people with anal fistula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhui Xu
- From the Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong, First Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Ma
- From the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong, First Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Keliang Jia
- From the Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong, First Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- From the Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, Laiwu Vocational and Technical College, Shandong, China
| | - Chang Ge
- From the Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, China
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Raum G, Kenyon C, Bowers R. Platelet-Poor versus Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Muscle Injuries. Curr Sports Med Rep 2024; 23:222-228. [PMID: 38838685 DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000001173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Muscle injury in sport results in significant lost time and potential for reinjury for athletes. Autologous blood product, namely, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), has been investigated for possible augmentation of the treatment timeline with prevention of reinjury; however, conflicting results have been identified. A growing body of basic science and clinical literature is forming that supports the use of platelet-poor plasma (PPP) for muscle injury. The purpose of this study was to provide a background of the basic science of PRP versus PPP for muscle injury and to identify and review the clinical evidence for both autologous blood products, including the author's clinical experience utilizing the blood products. At the tissue level, PRP causes myoblast proliferation while PPP has led to myoblast induction, potentially identifying improved native muscle healing. Conflicting studies have been identified for the use of PRP for muscle injury. A growing body of positive results for PPP was identified, but high-quality comparative studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Raum
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Robert Bowers
- Department of Orthopedics, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
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Centeno CJ, Fausel Z, Dodson E, Berger DR, Steinmetz NJ. Percutaneous bone marrow concentrate and platelet products versus exercise therapy for the treatment of rotator cuff tears: a randomized controlled, crossover trial with 2-year follow-up. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:392. [PMID: 38762734 PMCID: PMC11102209 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07519-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical repair is recommended for the treatment of high-grade partial and full thickness rotator cuff tears, although evidence shows surgery is not necessarily superior to non-surgical therapy. The purpose of this study was to compare percutaneous orthobiologic treatment to a home exercise therapy program for supraspinatus tears. METHODS In this randomized-controlled, crossover design, participants with a torn supraspinatus tendon received either 'BMC treatment', consisting of a combination of autologous bone marrow concentrate (BMC) and platelet products, or underwent a home exercise therapy program. After three months, patients randomized to exercise therapy could crossover to receive BMC treatment if not satisfied with shoulder progression. Patient-reported outcomes of Numeric Pain Scale (NPS), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand, (DASH), and a modified Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) were collected at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Pre- and post-treatment MRI were assessed using the Snyder Classification system. RESULTS Fifty-one patients were enrolled and randomized to the BMC treatment group (n = 34) or the exercise therapy group (n = 17). Significantly greater improvement in median ΔDASH, ΔNPS, and SANE scores were reported by the BMC treatment group compared to the exercise therapy group (-11.7 vs -3.8, P = 0.01; -2.0 vs 0.5, P = 0.004; and 50.0 vs 0.0, P < 0.001; respectively) after three months. Patient-reported outcomes continued to progress through the study's two-year follow-up period without a serious adverse event. Of patients with both pre- and post-treatment MRIs, a majority (73%) showed evidence of healing post-BMC treatment. CONCLUSIONS Patients reported significantly greater changes in function, pain, and overall improvement following BMC treatment compared to exercise therapy for high grade partial and full thickness supraspinatus tears. TRIAL REGISTRATION This protocol was registered with www. CLINICALTRIALS gov (NCT01788683; 11/02/2013).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Centeno
- Centeno-Schultz Clinic, Broomfield, CO, 80021, USA
- Regenexx, LLC, Research and Development, Broomfield, CO, 80021, USA
| | - Zachary Fausel
- Regenexx, LLC, Research and Development, Broomfield, CO, 80021, USA
| | - Ehren Dodson
- Regenexx, LLC, Research and Development, Broomfield, CO, 80021, USA.
| | - Dustin R Berger
- Regenexx, LLC, Research and Development, Broomfield, CO, 80021, USA
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Hohmann E. Editorial Commentary: Platelet-Rich Plasma for Musculoskeletal Conditions Is Supported by a Large Number of Clinical Studies, Particularly for Knee Osteoarthritis. Arthroscopy 2024; 40:478-480. [PMID: 38296448 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2023.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) represents a biological treatment for various musculoskeletal conditions. Over the past 20 years, publications regarding the treatment of orthopaedic conditions with PRP have shown a 4-fold increase. Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have demonstrated that PRP is effective and often superior to other treatment modalities. However, the value of these studies is somehow limited as high risk of bias, study heterogeneity, and low levels of certainty compromise the validity of their conclusions. In this scenario, expert consensus studies can be useful and allow pooling of expert opinion in a scientific manner. Using the modified Delphi technology, it was determined that the definition of PRP, whether leukocyte rich or poor, is still not clear. In addition, it remains unclear whether PRP should be activated, how often it should be injected, what the ideal dose is and how to prepare PRP. Despite these uncertainties, the use PRP for various orthopaedic conditions, in particular for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, is supported by a large number of clinical studies. However, its use remains an unsolved controversy, and the foundation of a biologics association is a step in the right direction to develop standards and foster research with regards to the safety, clinical efficacy, and clinical applications of orthobiologics. In summary, there is no strong consensus, but many individual statements result in a strong consensus rating.
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Zhu L, Li P, Qin Y, Xiao B, Li J, Xu W, Yu B. Platelet-rich plasma in orthopedics: Bridging innovation and clinical applications for bone repair. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2024; 32:10225536231224952. [PMID: 38217531 DOI: 10.1177/10225536231224952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In the burgeoning domain of orthopedic therapeutic research, Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) has firmly established its position, transforming paradigms ranging from tissue regeneration to the management of chondral lesions. This review delves into PRP's recent integrations with cutting-edge interventions such as 3D-printed scaffolds, its role in bone and cartilage defect management, and its enhanced efficacy when combined with molecules like Kartogenin (KGN) for fibrocartilage zone repair. Significant attention is paid to tissue engineering for meniscal interventions, where a combination of KGN, PRP, and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are under exploration. Within the sphere of osteochondral regenerative therapy, the synergy of PRP with Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (BMAC) represents a noteworthy leap towards cartilage regeneration. The innovative incorporation of PRP with biomaterials like hydroxyapatite and graphene oxide further underscores its versatility in supporting structural integrity and ensuring sustained growth factor release. However, while PRP's autologous and nontoxic nature makes it an inherently safe option, concerns arising from its preparation methods, particularly with bovine thrombin, necessitate caution. As of 2023, despite the burgeoning promise of PRP in bone healing, the quest for its standardization, optimization, and substantiation through rigorous clinical trials continues. This comprehensive review elucidates the contemporary applications, challenges, and future trajectories of PRP in orthopedics, aiming to spotlight areas primed for further research and exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangbo Zhu
- Orthopaedic Hospital, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiang Xi Hospital of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Yuhong Qin
- Orthopaedic Hospital, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
| | - Baowei Xiao
- Orthopaedic Hospital, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
| | - Junning Li
- Orthopaedic Hospital, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
| | - Wenhua Xu
- Orthopaedic Hospital, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Orthopaedic Hospital, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
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Pixley JN, Cook MK, Singh R, Larrondo J, McMichael AJ. A comprehensive review of platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of dermatologic disorders. J DERMATOL TREAT 2023; 34:2142035. [PMID: 36318219 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2022.2142035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) offers anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties through angiogenesis, cell differentiation, and proliferation. Although studied in many dermatologic conditions, its efficacy is not well-understood. Our objective is to review the use and effectiveness of PRP for dermatologic conditions. A literature search was performed through PubMed and yielded 54 articles published between January 2000 and November 2021; articles written in English were reviewed. Intradermal injections were associated with increased hair density in androgenic alopecia. Successful treatment of inflammatory nail diseases with PRP has been reported. Improvement in psoriasis was described, but only two studies were available. PRP was associated with higher patient self-assessment scores of photoaging and fine lines. Treatment with PRP in melasma has been associated with improved subjective satisfaction, but not with objective measures of disease improvement. PRP can serve as a safe and potentially effective adjunct for hair loss, vitiligo, nonhealing wounds, photoaging, and acne scars. An important barrier to interpreting PRP research is lack of standardization of PRP preparation protocols, inconsistent clinical endpoints, and frequent combination treatments. However, PRP is relatively noninvasive, has a well-established safety profile, and patient satisfaction is often high as patients perceive great benefit from treatment with PRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica N Pixley
- Wake Forest Department of Dermatology, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Madison K Cook
- Wake Forest Department of Dermatology, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Rohan Singh
- Wake Forest Department of Dermatology, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jorge Larrondo
- Wake Forest Department of Dermatology, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Amy J McMichael
- Wake Forest Department of Dermatology, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Mamarelis G, Lo I. In RC Tendinopathy, Intratendinous Injections of PRGF Versus Corticosteroids Improved Shoulder Pain and Function at 6 and 12 Months. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2023; 105:1814. [PMID: 37683052 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.23.00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
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Rossi LA, Piuzzi N, Tanoira I, Brandariz R, Huespe I, Ranalletta M. Subacromial Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections Produce Significantly Worse Improvement in Functional Outcomes in Patients With Partial Supraspinatus Tears Than in Patients With Isolated Tendinopathy. Arthroscopy 2023; 39:2000-2008. [PMID: 37001744 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2023.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the effect of subacromial leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections in patients with isolated rotator cuff tendinopathy (RCT) and those with partial-thickness rotator cuff tears (PTRCTs) based on functional outcomes, pain improvement, sleep disturbances, and return to sports. METHODS Between November 2019 and March 2021, 150 patients underwent PRP injections at our institution for refractory rotator cuff tendinopathy and partial rotator cuff tears (105 RCTs and 45 PTRCTs). The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) and The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were evaluated at 2-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. Return to sports was also evaluated. An ultrasound examination was performed to evaluate structural outcomes 12 months after the injection. RESULTS The mean age was 36.6 years (±9.08). Overall, the ASES, VAS, SANE, and Pittsburgh scores showed statistical improvement after the injection (P < .01). Specifically, the improvement in the ASES score, which was the primary outcome measure was significantly greater in the group without tears than in the group with PTRCTs at all follow-up times. Moreover, 94% of the patients in the isolated RCT group and 49% in the PTRCTs group achieved a substantial clinical benefit at 12 months follow-up. Ten out of the 50 patients (20%) who received PRP injections due to a partial RC tear underwent surgery due to the lack of clinical improvement. CONCLUSIONS Subacromial PRP injections produced a significant improvement in shoulder function, pain, and sleep disturbances in most patients with RCT refractory to conservative treatment that was maintained at the 12-month follow-up. Moreover, most patients returned to sports at the same level prior to injury. However, improvement in symptoms and functional outcomes was significantly worse in patients who had a PTRCT compared with patients who had an isolated tendinopathy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II, prospective cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano A Rossi
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Nicolás Piuzzi
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Tanoira
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Brandariz
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ivan Huespe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Ranalletta
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Brinkman JC, McQuivey KS, Hassebrock JD, Moore ML, Pollock JR, Tokish JM. Public Interest in Shoulder Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections Is Increasing: A 10-Year Google Trends Analysis. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2023; 5:100744. [PMID: 37502225 PMCID: PMC10368834 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2023.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To quantify and analyze public interest trends in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy for shoulder pathology between 2011 and 2020 using Google Trends data. Methods Google Trends data were queried for online search data ranging from January 2011 to December 2020. Various combinations of terms related to PRP and shoulder pathology were queried. Terms related to corticosteroid therapy in association with shoulder pathology were also generated for comparative analysis. Analyses were performed regarding trends in online search volumes. Results Linear models were generated to evaluated trends in the volume of online searches for PRP and corticosteroid therapy for shoulder pathology. For both the PRP and steroid groups, linear models showed a statistically significant increase in search volume for the period studied (P < .001). The PRP group showed a significantly greater growth rate than the steroid group (P < .001). There were no statistically significant differences in online search volume when compared between different geographic and socioeconomic locations. Conclusions This study indicates consistently increasing public interest in PRP injections in the shoulder. The rate of online search volume growth of PRP is significantly greater than that of corticosteroid injections for the period studied. Clinical Relevance Awareness of patient perceptions has value in informing shared decision making, aligning patient expectations, and guiding areas of future research. Each of these has an impact on patient care. Being aware of patient interest and expectations is particularly important in areas with controversial or emerging research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kade S. McQuivey
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
| | | | - M. Lane Moore
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Scottsdale, Arizona, U.S.A
| | | | - John M. Tokish
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A
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Velasquez Garcia A, Ingala Martini L, Franco Abache A, Abdo G. Role of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of rotator cuff tendinopathy. World J Orthop 2023; 14:505-515. [PMID: 37485430 PMCID: PMC10359750 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v14.i7.505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal complaint, and rotator cuff (RC) pathologies are one of the main causes. The RC undergoes various tendinopathic and avascular changes during the aging process. Other degenerative changes affecting its healing potential make it an appealing target for biological agents. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has demonstrated the potential to deliver a high concentration of several growth factors and anti-inflammatory mediators, and its clinical use is mainly supported by experiments that demonstrated its positive effect on muscle, ligaments, and tendinous cells. This review aimed to specify the role of PRP and its future applications in RC tendinopathies based on the current clinical evidence. Due to the different characteristics and conflicting outcomes, clinicians should use PRP with moderate expectations until more consistent evidence is available. However, it is reasonable to consider PRP in patients with contraindications to corticosteroid injections or those with risk factors for inadequate healing. Its autologous origin makes it a safe treatment, and its characteristics make it a promising option for treating RC tendinopathy, but the efficacy has yet to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liborio Ingala Martini
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital IVSS Dr. Luis Ortega, Porlamar 6301, Venezuela
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital Clinicas del Este, Los Robles 6301, Venezuela
| | - Andres Franco Abache
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital de Especialidades Guayaquil MSP, Guayaquil 090101, Ecuador
| | - Glen Abdo
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, Internal Medicine Residence Program, New York Medical College at St. Mary’s and St. Clare’s, Passaic, NJ 07055, United States
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Abadin AA, Orr JP, Lloyd AR, Henning PT, Pourcho A. An Evidence-Based Approach to Orthobiologics for Tendon Disorders. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2023; 34:83-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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De Luigi AJ, Tow S, Flowers R, Gordon AH. Special Populations in Orthobiologics. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2023; 34:199-237. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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El-Sherif SM, Abdel-Hamid MM, Noureldin JMAM, Fahmy HM, Abdel-Naby HMA. Effectiveness of lyophilized growth factors injection for subacromial impingement syndrome: a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:78. [PMID: 36721157 PMCID: PMC9887845 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03548-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet-derived lyophilized growth factors (L-GFs) use a standardized number of allogenic pathogen-free platelets instead of autologous platelets used in PRP as a source of growth factors. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of L-GF injection versus placebo in subacromial impingement (SIS) treatment. METHODS The current randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study included sixty patients (40 females and 20 males, aged between 24 and 75 years) diagnosed with SIS (both clinically and sonographically). Patients were randomly assigned to two equal groups. Under ultrasound guidance, group 1 received subacromial saline injection, and group 2 received L-GF injection. Clinical examination, pain visual analogue scale (VAS), shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI) and shoulder ultrasound were performed before and at the 8th week after injection. RESULTS Follow-up assessment showed statistically significant improvement in the L-GF group regarding active flexion, active and passive internal rotation and extension, SPADI-disability scale, VAS and thickness of the supraspinatus tendon by US. Regression analysis showed that group 1 was approximately 30 times more likely than the L-GF group to experience painful arc at follow-up. Both groups showed statistically significant improvement in SPADI-pain scale and SPADI-total, flexion and abduction (still the mean value of abduction was significantly higher in the L-GF group). CONCLUSIONS L-GF injection resulted in clinically significant reductions in pain and functional disability outcomes in patients with SIS. An objective significant reduction in the thickness of the supraspinatus tendon, measured by ultrasound, in the L-GF group hopefully encourages proper healing and functioning in SIS. TRIAL REGISTRATION The identification number is NCT04330027, date of first registration (01/04/2020). Unique on 21/11/2019, Protocol ID: 0106178.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherine Mahmoud El-Sherif
- Present Address: Department Physical Medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Medaan El-Khartoom Square, Al-Azaritah, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mowaffak Moustafa Abdel-Hamid
- Present Address: Department Physical Medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Medaan El-Khartoom Square, Al-Azaritah, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Jailan Mohamed Ashraf Mohamed Noureldin
- Present Address: Department Physical Medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Medaan El-Khartoom Square, Al-Azaritah, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Hoda Mohamed Aly Abdel-Naby
- Present Address: Department Physical Medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Medaan El-Khartoom Square, Al-Azaritah, Alexandria, Egypt
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Hu Y, Wu L, He L, Luo X, Hu L, Wang Y, Zhao X. Bibliometric and visualized analysis of scientific publications on rehabilitation of rotator cuff injury based on web of science. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1064576. [PMID: 36875410 PMCID: PMC9982153 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1064576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since the discovery of rehabilitation as an intervention for rotator cuff injury, its impact on the recovery of rotator cuff injury has attracted crucial attention, and the number of related studies is increasing worldwide. There were no bibliometric and visualized analysis studies in this field. This study aimed to investigate the research hotpots and trends in the rehabilitation of rotator cuff injury via bibliometric and visualized analysis and to identify the future development of clinical practice. Method The publications regarding rehabilitation of rotator cuff injury from inception to December 2021 were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The trends of publications, co-authorship and co-occurrence analysis and visualized analysis were carried out using Citespace, VOSviewer, Scimago Graphica software, and R Project. Results A total of 795 publications were included in this study. The number of publications significantly increased yearly. The United States published the highest number of related papers and the papers published by the United States had the highest citations. The University of Laval, the University of Montreal and Keele University were the top 3 most contributive institutions. Additionally, the Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery was the journal with the highest number of publications. The most common keywords were "rotator cuff", "rehabilitation", "physical therapy", "management", and "telerehabilitation". Conclusion The total number of publications has shown a steady upward trend. The cooperation between countries globally was still relatively lacking, and therefore it is necessary to strengthen cooperation between different countries and regions to provide conditions for multi-center, large sample, and high-quality research. In addition to the relatively mature rehabilitation of rotator cuff injury such as passive motion or exercise therapy, telerehabilitation has also attracted much attention with the progress of science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linfeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Longquanyi District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin He
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaozhou Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linzhe Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuchan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Platelet-Rich Plasma Gel Matrix (PRP-GM): Description of a New Technique. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120817. [PMID: 36551023 PMCID: PMC9774306 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Several musculoskeletal conditions are triggered by inflammatory processes that occur along with imbalances between anabolic and catabolic events. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous product derived from peripheral blood with inherent immunomodulatory and anabolic properties. The clinical efficacy of PRP has been evaluated in several musculoskeletal conditions, including osteoarthritis, tendinopathy, and osteonecrosis. When used in combination with hyaluronic acid (HA), a common treatment alternative, the regenerative properties of PRP are significantly enhanced and may provide additional benefits in terms of clinical outcomes. Recently, a new PRP-derived product has been reported in the literature and is being referred to as "plasma gel". Plasma gels are obtained by polymerizing plasmatic proteins, which form solid thermal aggregates cross-linked with fibrin networks. Plasma gels are considered to be a rich source of growth factors and provide chemotactic, migratory, and proliferative properties. Additionally, clot formation and the associated fibrinolytic reactions play an additional role in tissue repair. There are only a few scientific articles focusing on plasma gels. Historically, they have been utilized in the fields of aesthetics and dentistry. Given that the combination of three products (PRP, HA, and plasma gel) could enhance tissue repair and wound healing, in this technical note, we propose a novel regenerative approach, named "PRP-HA cellular gel matrix" (PRP-GM), in which leukocyte-rich PRP (LR-PRP) is mixed with a plasma gel (obtained by heating the plasma up) and HA in one syringe using a three-way stopcock. The final product contains a fibrin-albumin network entangled with HA's polymers, in which the cells and biomolecules derived from PRP are attached and released gradually as fibrinolytic reactions and hyaluronic acid degradation occur. The presence of leukocytes, especially monocytes and macrophages, promotes tissue regeneration, as type 2 macrophages (M2) possess an anti-inflammatory feature. In addition, HA promotes the viscosuplementation of the joint and induces an anti-inflammatory response, resulting in pain relief. This unique combination of biological molecules may contribute to the optimization of regenerative protocols suitable for the treatment of degenerative musculoskeletal diseases.
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Platelet-rich plasma does not improve clinical results in patients with rotator cuff disorders but reduces the retear rate. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2022; 31:1940-1952. [PMID: 36496450 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-022-07223-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess whether the use of Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) produces a clinical benefit in patients with rotator cuff disorders, treated either conservatively or surgically. METHODS A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines on three databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science) to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the use of PRP in patients with rotator cuff disorders, treated either conservatively or surgically. A meta-analysis was performed on articles reporting results for Constant, UCLA, VAS, SST scores and retear rate. The RoB 2.0 and the modified Coleman Methodology Score were used to assess methodological quality. RESULTS A total of 36 RCTs (20 surgical, 16 conservative) were included, for a total of 2,443 patients. Conservative treatment showed high heterogeneity and no clear consensus in favour of PRP. The meta-analysis of the studies with surgical treatment showed no benefit in using PRP in any of the clinical outcomes, either at the short or medium/long-term follow-up. However, the retear rate was lower with PRP augmentation (p < 0.001). The overall quality of the studies was moderate to high, with the surgical studies presenting a lower risk of bias than the conservative studies. CONCLUSION The use of PRP as augmentation in rotator cuff surgical repair significantly reduces the retear rate. However, no benefits were documented in terms of clinical outcomes. PRP application through injection in patients treated conservatively also failed to present any clear advantage. While there are many studies in the literature with several RCTs of moderate to high quality, the high heterogeneity of products and studies remains a significant limitation to fully understanding PRP potential in this field. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level I.
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Jorge DDMF, Huber SC, Rodrigues BL, Da Fonseca LF, Azzini GOM, Parada CA, Paulus-Romero C, Lana JFSD. The Mechanism of Action between Pulsed Radiofrequency and Orthobiologics: Is There a Synergistic Effect? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911726. [PMID: 36233026 PMCID: PMC9570243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiofrequency energy is a common treatment modality for chronic pain. While there are different forms of radiofrequency-based therapeutics, the common concept is the generation of an electromagnetic field in the applied area, that can result in neuromodulation (pulsed radiofrequency—PRF) or ablation. Our specific focus relates to PRF due to the possibility of modulation that is in accordance with the mechanisms of action of orthobiologics. The proposed mechanism of action of PRF pertaining to pain relief relies on a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines, an increase in cytosolic calcium concentration, a general effect on the immune system, and a reduction in the formation of free radical molecules. The primary known properties of orthobiologics constitute the release of growth factors, a stimulus for endogenous repair, analgesia, and improvement of the function of the injured area. In this review, we described the mechanism of action of both treatments and pertinent scientific references to the use of the combination of PRF and orthobiologics. Our hypothesis is a synergic effect with the combination of both techniques which could benefit patients and improve the life quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephany Cares Huber
- Orthoregen International Course—Avenida Presidente Kennedy, 1386, Cidade Nova I, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
| | - Bruno Lima Rodrigues
- Orthoregen International Course—Avenida Presidente Kennedy, 1386, Cidade Nova I, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
| | - Lucas Furtado Da Fonseca
- Orthopaedic Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 715 Napoleão de Barros St-Vila Clementino, São Paulo 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Ohana Marques Azzini
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brazilian Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Cidade Nova I, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
| | - Carlos Amilcar Parada
- Laboratory of Study of Pain, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Christian Paulus-Romero
- American Academy of Regenerative Medicine, 14405 West Colfax Avenue, #291, Lakewood, CO 80401, USA
| | - José Fábio Santos Duarte Lana
- Orthoregen International Course—Avenida Presidente Kennedy, 1386, Cidade Nova I, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
- Department of Orthopaedics, Brazilian Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Cidade Nova I, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
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Su CA, Jildeh TR, Vopat ML, Waltz RA, Millett PJ, Provencher MT, Philippon MJ, Huard J. Current State of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Cell-Based Therapies for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis and Tendon and Ligament Injuries. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2022; 104:1406-1414. [PMID: 35867717 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.21.01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
➤ Orthobiologics encompass numerous substances that are naturally found in the human body including platelet-rich plasma (PRP), isolated growth factors, and cell therapy approaches to theoretically optimize and improve the healing of cartilage, fractures, and injured muscles, tendons, and ligaments. ➤ PRP is an autologous derivative of whole blood generated by centrifugation and is perhaps the most widely used orthobiologic treatment modality. Despite a vast amount of literature on its use in osteoarthritis as well as in tendon and ligament pathology, clinical efficacy results remain mixed, partly as a result of insufficient reporting of experimental details or exact compositions of PRP formulations used. ➤ Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be isolated from a variety of tissues, with the most common being bone marrow aspirate concentrate. Similar to PRP, clinical results in orthopaedics with MSCs have been highly variable, with the quality and concentration of MSCs being highly contingent on the site of procurement and the techniques of harvesting and preparation. ➤ Advances in novel orthobiologics, therapeutic targets, and customized orthobiologic therapy will undoubtedly continue to burgeon, with some early promising results from studies targeting fibrosis and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Johnny Huard
- Center for Regenerative Sports Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado
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Thu AC. The use of platelet-rich plasma in management of musculoskeletal pain: a narrative review. JOURNAL OF YEUNGNAM MEDICAL SCIENCE 2022; 39:206-215. [PMID: 35673831 PMCID: PMC9273137 DOI: 10.12701/jyms.2022.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal pain is the most common pain reported by patients. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used to treat musculoskeletal pain. However, the efficacy of PRP to treat this pain remains controversial. This review highlights the application of PRP in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain. PRP treatment appears to reduce pain and improve function in patients with musculoskeletal pain. However, there are limitations to the currently published studies. These limitations include the PRP preparation methods, type of activators, types of pathology to be treated, methods and times of administration, and association of PRP with other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aung Chan Thu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Medicine, Mandalay, Myanmar
- Corresponding author: Aung Chan Thu, MD, PhD Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Medicine, 30th Street, Between 73rd & 74th Streets, Mandalay, Myanmar Tel: +95-9977277511 • E-mail:
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