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Flores ME, Jafarzadeh A, Moghadam SV, Vadde KK, Dhar DA, Nunu RR, Kapoor V. Occurrence and removal of fecal bacteria and microbial source tracking markers in a stormwater detention basin overlying the Edwards Aquifer recharge zone in Texas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:103836-103850. [PMID: 37691063 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29636-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The Edwards Aquifer is the primary water resource for over 2 million people in Texas and faces challenges including fecal contamination of water recharging the aquifer, while effectiveness of best management practices (BMPs) such as detention basins in mitigating fecal pollution remains poorly understood. For this study, the inlet and outlet of a detention basin overlying the aquifer's recharge zone were sampled following storm events using automated samplers. Microbial source tracking and culture-based methods were used to determine the occurrence and removal of fecal genetic markers and fecal coliform bacteria in collected water samples. Markers included E. coli (EC23S857), Enterococcus (Entero1), human (HF183), canine (BacCan), and bird (GFD). Fecal coliforms, EC23S857, and Entero1 were detected following each storm event. GFD was the most frequent host-associated marker detected (91% of samples), followed by BacCan (46%), and HF183 (17%). Wilcoxon signed rank tests indicated significantly lower outlet concentrations for fecal coliforms, EC23S857, and Entero1, but not for HF183, GFD, and BacCan. Higher GFD and BacCan outlet concentrations may be due to factors independent of basin design, such as the non-point source nature of bird fecal contamination and domestic dog care practices in neighborhoods contributing to the basin. Mann-Whitney tests showed marker concentrations were not significantly higher during instances of fecal coliform water quality criterion exceedance, except for E. coli, and that fecal coliform concentrations were not significantly different based on marker detection. Overall, results suggest that the detention basin is effective in attenuating fecal contamination associated with fecal coliforms and the general markers, but not for host-associated markers. Consequently, management efforts should focus on mitigating dog and bird-associated fecal pollution in the study region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Eduardo Flores
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, and Construction Management, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
- Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Rd, San Antonio, TX, 78238, USA
| | - Arash Jafarzadeh
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, and Construction Management, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Sina Vedadi Moghadam
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, and Construction Management, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Kiran Kumar Vadde
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, and Construction Management, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Dipti Anik Dhar
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, and Construction Management, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Rebecca R Nunu
- Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Rd, San Antonio, TX, 78238, USA
| | - Vikram Kapoor
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, and Construction Management, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA.
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You S, Huang X, Xing L, Lesperance M, LeBlanc C, Moccia LP, Mercier V, Shao X, Pan Y, Zhang X. Dynamics of fecal coliform bacteria along Canada's coast. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 189:114712. [PMID: 36827773 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The vast coastline provides Canada with a flourishing seafood industry including bivalve shellfish production. To sustain a healthy bivalve molluscan shellfish production, the Canadian Shellfish Sanitation Program was established to monitor the health of shellfish harvesting habitats, and fecal coliform bacteria data have been collected at nearly 15,000 marine sample sites across six coastal provinces in Canada since 1979. We applied Functional Principal Component Analysis and subsequent correlation analyses to find annual variation patterns of bacteria levels at sites in each province. The overall magnitude and the seasonality of fecal contamination were modelled by functional principal component one and two, respectively. The amplitude was related to human and warm-blooded animal activities; the seasonality was strongly correlated with river discharge driven by precipitation and snow melt in British Columbia, but such correlation in provinces along the Atlantic coast could not be properly evaluated due to lack of data during winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai You
- University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
| | - Li Xing
- University of Saskatchewan, 105 Administration Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A2, Canada.
| | - Mary Lesperance
- University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
| | - Charles LeBlanc
- Shellfish Water Classification Program - Atlantic Region, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Government of Canada, 443 University Ave., Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada.
| | - L Paul Moccia
- Shellfish Water Classification Program - Pacific Region, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Government of Canada, 2645 Dollarton Highway, Vancouver, BC V7H 1B1, Canada.
| | - Vincent Mercier
- National Coordination, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Government of Canada, 443 University Ave., Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada.
| | - Xiaojian Shao
- Digital Technologies Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
| | - Youlian Pan
- Digital Technologies Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
| | - Xuekui Zhang
- University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
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Saalidong BM, Aram SA, Otu S, Lartey PO. Examining the dynamics of the relationship between water pH and other water quality parameters in ground and surface water systems. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262117. [PMID: 35077475 PMCID: PMC8789185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the relationship between water pH and the physicochemical properties of water while controlling for the influence of heavy metals and bacteriological factors using a nested logistic regression model. The study further sought to assess how these relationships are compared across confined water systems (ground water) and open water systems (surface water). Samples were collected from 100 groundwater and 132 surface water locations in the Tarkwa mining area. For the zero-order relationship in groundwater, EC, TDS, TSS, Ca, SO42-, total alkalinity, Zn, Mn, Cu, faecal and total coliform were more likely to predict optimal water pH. For surface water however, only TSS, turbidity, total alkalinity and Ca were significant predictors of optimal pH levels. At the multivariate level for groundwater, TDS, turbidity, total alkalinity and TSS were more likely to predict optimal water pH while EC, Mg, Mn and Zn were associated with non-optimal water pH. For the surface water system, turbidity, Ca, TSS, NO3, Mn and total coliform were associated with optimal water pH while SO42-, EC, Zn, Cu, and faecal coliform were associated with non-optimal water pH. The non-robustness of predictors in the surface water models were conspicuous. The results indicate that the relationship between water pH and other water quality parameters are different in different water systems and can be influenced by the presence of other parameters. Associations between parameters are steadier in groundwater systems due to its confined nature. Extraneous inputs and physical variations subject surface water to constant variations which reflected in the non-robustness of the predictors. However, the carbonate system was influential in how water quality parameters associate with one another in both ground and surface water systems. This study affirms that chemical constituents in natural water bodies react in the environment in far more complicated ways than if they were isolated and that the interaction between various parameters could predict the quality of water in a particular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Saalidong
- Department of Geosciences, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Simon Appah Aram
- College of Safety and Emergency Management Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Samuel Otu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, United States of America
| | - Patrick Osei Lartey
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Interface and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Research Center of Advanced Materials Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
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