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Katangwe-Chigamba T, Kantilal K, Hartley-Palmer J, Salisu-Olatunji SO, Seeley C, Naughton F, Chester R. Diet and Physical Activity Interventions for People from Minority Ethnic Backgrounds in the UK: A Scoping Review Exploring Barriers, Enablers and Cultural Adaptations. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024:10.1007/s40615-024-02112-y. [PMID: 39145834 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-024-02112-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are a global pandemic, driven by obesity, poor diet and physical inactivity. In the UK, the prevalence of T2D and CVD is higher in minority ethnic groups. Lifestyle prevention interventions can be effective but uptake amongst minority ethnic groups in the UK is low and the extent of cultural adaptations to increase engagement unknown. AIM To explore barriers, enablers and culturally adapted lifestyle interventions in UK minority ethnic groups. METHODS Four electronic databases were searched from to January 2013-2023. Two independent reviewers carried out manuscript selection and data extraction. Barriers and enablers were mapped to the Capability + Opportunity + Motivation = Behaviour (COM-B) theoretical model. Intervention adaptations were linked to behaviour change strategies and reported within a Cultural Adaptation framework. RESULTS Twenty-three studies were included, reporting barriers/enablers, culturally adapted interventions or both. Barriers and enablers mostly mapped to social and physical opportunity, and reflective motivation. Common adaptation strategies considered behavioural influences related to culture, values, religious beliefs and/or traditions. Most impactful strategies were associated with using credible sources of information and reorganising social and environmental contexts. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The current umbrella approach to preventative intervention delivery is unlikely to promote sustained participation in behaviour change amongst UK ethnic minorities. Engagement strategies for this population should consider key determinants such as social contexts, beliefs and cultural norms. Important research gaps include interventions investigating tailored interventions for Black populations, and the impact of negative social experiences (e.g., racism) on engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thando Katangwe-Chigamba
- Norwich Clinical Trials Unit, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
| | - Kumud Kantilal
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Hartley-Palmer
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | | | - Carys Seeley
- Norwich Clinical Trials Unit, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Naughton
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Chester
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
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Fernandez-Lasa U, Eizagirre-Sagastibeltza O, Cayero R, Romaratezabala E, Martínez-Abajo J, Usabiaga O. Young women's leisure time physical activity determinants: a mixed methods approach. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1281681. [PMID: 38434946 PMCID: PMC10904608 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1281681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the study was to analyze the habits, motives and barriers related to Leisure Time Physical Activity (LTPA) among young women of Gipuzkoa, from a mixed approach. Methods A total of 526 women aged 18-29 (24.60 ± 3.30 years) responded to the Gipuzkoa Women's Physical Activity Questionnaire (GWPAQ), seven of which were later interviewed. Results The main motives for LTPA were intrapersonal - related to health and enjoyment - and to interpersonal networks. However, the main barriers facing LTPA were mostly intrapersonal, such as lack of time, tiredness, and laziness. Contextual factors such as the availability of safe spaces, previous negative experiences, or negative self-perception of motor competence also emerged as conditioning factors in young women's LTPA habits. Discussion This study may help to promote policies aimed at incentivizing LTPA for young women based on their needs and interests, by addressing the diversity of factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uxue Fernandez-Lasa
- Society, Sport and Physical Activity Research Group (GIKAFIT), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Olaia Eizagirre-Sagastibeltza
- Society, Sport and Physical Activity Research Group (GIKAFIT), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Ruth Cayero
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Romaratezabala
- Society, Sport and Physical Activity Research Group (GIKAFIT), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Judit Martínez-Abajo
- Department of Musical, Plastic and Physical Expression Didactics, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Oidui Usabiaga
- Society, Sport and Physical Activity Research Group (GIKAFIT), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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Domosławska-Żylińska K, Łopatek M, Krysińska-Pisarek M, Sugay L. Barriers to Adherence to Healthy Diet and Recommended Physical Activity Perceived by the Polish Population. J Clin Med 2023; 13:22. [PMID: 38202029 PMCID: PMC10779332 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the World Health Organization, an unhealthy diet and lack of physical activity constitute the primary global health risks. The purpose of this study was to as-certain the barriers to a healthy diet (HD) and physical activity (PA) as perceived by the Polish population in order to implement public health interventions. METHODS A quantitative survey was conducted using the computer-assisted telephone interview technique on a randomly selected representative sample of 2000 Polish citizens aged 18-88 years. The research tool was a questionnaire consisting of two parts: sociodemographic characteristics and examining barriers to an HD (Cronbach's alpha = 0.899) and regular PA (Cronbach's alpha = 0.923). RESULTS Women constituted more than half of the sample (53.4%), and most of the respondents lived in urban areas (60.5%), considered their financial situation as average (56.9%), and their health as satisfactory (42.3%). Barriers to an HD include the cost of healthy food (43%), lack of motivation (26.7%), and lack of time (25.4%). Barriers to taking up PA include competing priorities (29%), a lack of motivation to exercise (27.3%), feeling of constant fatigue, and lack of energy (24.4%). Limiting factors in the adoption of both an HD and PA are gender (women > men; HD p < 0.01; PA p < 0.001), financial situation (unsatisfactory; HD and PA p < 0.001), health condition (unsatisfactory; HD and PA p < 0.001), type of work (blue-collar workers; HD p < 0.001; PA p < 0.05), and employment status (people running household; HD and PA p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study provide important information about barriers to adopting healthy lifestyle principles. The practical implications of our work can be used by policymakers responsible for intervention strategies and programmes to increase the number of people adhering to recommendations for an HD and PA by removing barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Domosławska-Żylińska
- Department of Education and Communication, National Institute of Public Health NIH—National Research Institute, 24 Chocimska St., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland; (M.Ł.); (M.K.-P.)
| | - Magdalena Łopatek
- Department of Education and Communication, National Institute of Public Health NIH—National Research Institute, 24 Chocimska St., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland; (M.Ł.); (M.K.-P.)
| | - Magdalena Krysińska-Pisarek
- Department of Education and Communication, National Institute of Public Health NIH—National Research Institute, 24 Chocimska St., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland; (M.Ł.); (M.K.-P.)
| | - Larysa Sugay
- Centre for Migration Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (CeBaM AMU), 7 Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego St., 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
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Fernandes S, Hinckson E, Richards J. Qualitative Insights on the Importance of Sociocultural Contexts on Asian Indian Migrant Participation in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:1051-1057. [PMID: 37536683 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influences on physical activity and sedentary behavior may differ for migrants moving from their country of origin to a new country. This study aimed to explore the range of contextual factors that influence physical activity and sedentary behavior among Indian migrants, making comparisons with India. METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted with 21 Indian migrants (10 men and 11 women) aged between 18 and 65 years living in Melbourne, Australia. Data were analyzed thematically, coded inductively, and managed with NVivo. RESULTS Participants perceived a lack of social connection as a key barrier to physical activity participation. Group-based physical activity fostered social connections. Cultural associations were sites to engage in cultural physical activity and integrate with other Indians. Australia's physical contexts (eg, availability of facilities and built environment) facilitated physical activity behavior. Workplace environments (eg, the nature of the job) prompted sedentary behavior. Other contextual shifts with migration related to activities of daily living (eg, shifts in transport [walking] behavior in India to a greater reliance on cars in Australia) and migrant-friendly health communication (messaging from Australian health/allied health practitioners). CONCLUSIONS Sociocultural contexts remain key influences on migrant physical activity participation. Prioritizing integrated approaches and engaging insider codesign are important in tailoring and promoting migrant physical activity and limiting sedentary behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siona Fernandes
- School of Sport and Recreation, Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland,New Zealand
| | - Erica Hinckson
- Human Potential Center, School of Sport and Recreation, Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland,New Zealand
| | - Justin Richards
- Te Hau Kori, Faculty of Health, University of Wellington, Wellington,New Zealand
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Gage R, Mizdrak A, Richards J, Bauman A, Mcleod M, Jones R, Woodward A, Shaw C. The Epidemiology of Domain-Specific Physical Activity in New Zealand Adults: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Survey. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:909-920. [PMID: 37290767 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surveillance of domain-specific physical activity (PA) helps to target interventions to promote PA. We examined the sociodemographic correlates of domain-specific PA in New Zealand adults. METHODS A nationally representative sample of 13,887 adults completed the International PA Questionnaire-long form in 2019/20. Three measures of total and domain-specific (leisure, travel, home, and work) PA were calculated: (1) weekly participation, (2) mean weekly metabolic energy equivalent minutes (MET-min), and (3) median weekly MET-min among those who undertook PA. Results were weighted to the New Zealand adult population. RESULTS The average contribution of domain-specific activity to total PA was 37.5% for work activities (participation = 43.6%; median participating MET-min = 2790), 31.9% for home activities (participation = 82.2%; median participating MET-min = 1185), 19.4% for leisure activities (participation = 64.7%; median participating MET-min = 933), and 11.2% for travel activities (participation = 64.0%; median MET-min among participants = 495). Women accumulated more home PA and less work PA than men. Total PA was higher in middle-aged adults, with diverse patterns by age within domains. Māori accumulated less leisure PA than New Zealand Europeans but higher total PA. Asian groups reported lower PA across all domains. Higher area deprivation was negatively associated with leisure PA. Sociodemographic patterns varied by measure. For example, gender was not associated with total PA participation, but men accumulated higher MET-min when taking part in PA than women. CONCLUSIONS Inequalities in PA varied by domain and sociodemographic group. These results should be used to inform interventions to improve PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Gage
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington,New Zealand
| | - Anja Mizdrak
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington,New Zealand
| | - Justin Richards
- Sport New Zealand, Wellington,New Zealand
- Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington,New Zealand
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW,Australia
| | - Melissa Mcleod
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington,New Zealand
| | - Rhys Jones
- Te Kupenga Hauora Māori, The University of Auckland, Auckland,New Zealand
| | - Alistair Woodward
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Auckland, Auckland,New Zealand
| | - Caroline Shaw
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington,New Zealand
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Rio CJ, Saligan LN. Understanding physical activity from a cultural-contextual lens. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1223919. [PMID: 37601221 PMCID: PMC10436229 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1223919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to emphasize the need to acknowledge unique cultural and contextual meanings of physical activity to improve health outcomes in different communities. Leininger's Sunrise Model was used as the theoretical base to understand the complex cultural and contextual factors that influence physical activity. Beliefs and practices surrounding physical activity are influenced by a variety of cultural and contextual factors. Providing culturally relevant contexts to the meaning of physical activity allows opportunities for improving policies or programs that would engage individuals and communities in physical activity in culturally meaningful ways. Incorporating cultural and contextual factors is critical to promote physical activity, especially in minority and vulnerable communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leorey N. Saligan
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Pedron S, Herbert-Maul A, Sauter A, Linder S, Sommer R, Vomhof M, Gontscharuk V, Abu-Omar K, Thiel A, Ziemainz H, Holle R, Laxy M. Preferences of women in difficult life situations for a physical activity programme: protocol of a discrete choice experiment in the German NU-BIG project. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e067235. [PMID: 37460258 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The BIG project ('Bewegung als Investition in die Gesundheit', ie, 'Movement as Investment in Health') was developed in 2005 as a community-based participatory research programme to offer accessible opportunities for physical activity to women in difficult life situations. Since then, the programme has been expanded to eight sites in Germany. A systematic evaluation of BIG is currently being conducted. As part of this effort, we strive to understand the preferences of participating women for different aspects of the programme, and to analyse their willingness to pay. METHODS AND ANALYSIS In this protocol, we describe the development and analysis plan of a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to investigate participants' preferences for a physical activity programme for women in difficult life situations. The experiment will be embedded in a questionnaire covering several aspects of participation in the programme (eg, reach, efficacy and further effects) and the socioeconomic characteristics of all active participants. After a thorough search of the literature, BIG documents review and expert interviews, we identified five important attributes of the programme: course times, travel time to the course venue, additional social activities organised by BIG, consideration of wishes and interests for the further planning of courses and costs per course unit. Thereafter, we piloted the experiment with a sample of participants from the target group. After data collection, the experiment will be analysed using a conditional logit model and a latent class analysis to assess eventual heterogeneity in preferences. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Understanding women's preferences will provide useful insights for the further development of the programme and ultimately increase participation and retention. The questionnaire, the included DCE and the pretest on participants received ethical approval (application no. 20-247_1-B). We plan to disseminate the results of the DCE in peer-reviewed journals, national conferences and among participants and programme coordinators and organisers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pedron
- Professorship of Public Health and Prevention, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Annika Herbert-Maul
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Sauter
- Department for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Medical Sociology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Linder
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raluca Sommer
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Vomhof
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Veronika Gontscharuk
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karim Abu-Omar
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ansgar Thiel
- Institute of Sports Science, Social and Public Health Sciences and Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heiko Ziemainz
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Laxy
- Professorship of Public Health and Prevention, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Health Economics and Healthcare Management, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
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Barriers and facilitators to physical activity for young adult women: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative literature. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:23. [PMID: 36849995 PMCID: PMC9972741 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) has many benefits in preventing diseases and maintaining physical and mental health. Women, in particular, can benefit from regular PA. However, women's PA did not increase over the past decade globally, and the situations faced by women are often gender-specific. Healthy young adult women's PA does not receive as much attention as older women and adolescent girls, yet, they face the same situation of low level of PA. This review aims to explore and synthesise the self-identified barriers and facilitators to young adult women's participation in PA from qualitative research studies and offer suggestions for future studies and programs designed for this population. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, and SPORTDiscus for studies published between January 2000 to February 2022 to identify qualitative studies on the barriers and facilitators of young adult women's PA between ages 18 to 40. The search yielded 694 studies initially, of which 23 were included. The research quality of included studies was appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool. Data were extracted and thematically analysed based on the tenets of the social-ecological model (SEM). RESULTS Identified barriers and facilitators were grouped into different levels of the SEM, with the most frequently cited factors being time, body image and societal beauty standards, family duty and social support, religious and cultural norms, organisation and community facilities and environment, safety issues and physical environment. Descriptive data were thematically analysed and synthesised in line with the five levels: body image, health and beauty; multiple roles, support, and PA; religious identity, cultural identity, and PA; safety issues and women's fears. CONCLUSIONS This qualitative synthesis revealed in-depth information on barriers and facilitators influencing young adult women's PA. It highlighted that the factors young adult women face are diverse at different levels yet holistic and intertwined. Future studies on young adult women's PA should address the social-cultural influence and would benefit from applying multilevel strategies employing the SEM model. It is critical to create an open and inclusive environment and offer more opportunities for women. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42021290519.
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Cunningham C, O'Donoghue G, Cosgrave S, Sands T, Leacy B, Markievicz I, Monaghan A, Shields N. Gym staff perspectives on disability inclusion: a qualitative study. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:441-448. [PMID: 35191365 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2036826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore gym staff perspectives on the inclusion of people with disability in the gym setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 staff at four urban gym facilities, exploring perspectives on disability inclusion. An interpretive descriptive approach was adopted with reflexive thematic analysis of interview data and subsequent mapping of themes to the socioecological model. RESULTS Consistent with the socioecological model, the themes identified were "people with disability benefit from participation in gym settings" (personal); "positive interactions with people with disability" (interpersonal); "managing expectations of other gym users" (interpersonal); "inclusion is supported by a positive ethos, staff training and accessible facilities" (organisational); "people with disability lack awareness of inclusive exercise opportunities" (community); "desire to increase collaboration with healthcare professionals" (community); "access to transport can facilitate gym attendance" (community) and "local gym policy" (policy). CONCLUSION Although an overall ethos of inclusion was apparent, areas identified for enhancement were: awareness of gym services in the community; inter-sectoral collaboration with healthcare and disability organisations; comprehensive disability inclusion training; transport systems and accessibility; engaging people with disability in gym service planning. Implications for rehabilitationGym staff value collaboration with healthcare and rehab professionals to support inclusion of people with disability in exercise.Standardised disability inclusion training for gym staff is recommended.Individuals with disability should be empowered to contribute to the development of inclusive gym facilities and services.Rehab professionals have a role to play in raising awareness and advocating for inclusive exercise opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitríona Cunningham
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Grainne O'Donoghue
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinead Cosgrave
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tiarna Sands
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brendan Leacy
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Igor Markievicz
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew Monaghan
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nora Shields
- Department of Physiotherapy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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