1
|
Shoji K, Noguchi N, Waki F, Saito T, Kitano M, Edo N, Koga M, Toda H, Kobayashi N, Sawamura T, Nagamine M. Empathy and Coping Strategies Predict Quality of Life in Japanese Healthcare Professionals. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:400. [PMID: 38785891 PMCID: PMC11117590 DOI: 10.3390/bs14050400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS), also referred to as compassion fatigue, are undeniable negative consequences experienced by healthcare professionals when working with patients. As frontline healthcare professionals are essential to communities, it is crucial to understand their mental health and how they cope with negative psychological responses. This study investigated the relationships between burnout, STS, compassion satisfaction, dispositional empathy, and stress management among Japanese healthcare professionals and students taking care of patients in clinical practice. The participants were 506 Japanese healthcare professionals and students (doctors, nurses, medical students, and nursing students) affiliated with Japanese Ministry of Defense Hospitals. The data were collected from March 2020 to May 2021. We assessed burnout, STS, and compassion satisfaction using the Professional Quality of Life Scale, dispositional empathy using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and coping with stress using the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (Brief-COPE). Exploratory factor analysis of the Brief-COPE yielded three factors: active coping; support-seeking; and indirect coping. Personal distress, a self-oriented emotional empathy index, was related to higher burnout and STS scores and lower compassion satisfaction. Empathic concern, an other-oriented emotional empathy index, was associated with lower burnout and higher compassion satisfaction. Active coping strategies were associated with lower burnout and higher compassion satisfaction, whereas indirect coping strategies were associated with higher burnout and STS scores. In a comparison of empathy in professional categories, nurses presented higher personal distress than nursing students, and medical doctors showed lower fantasy tendencies than medical students. These results imply the complex relationships between empathy, coping strategies, and psychological responses among healthcare professionals. Further longitudinal study is needed to explore these complex relationships and to develop more precise and effective psycho-educational interventions to prevent burnout and STS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Shoji
- College of Nursing, University of Human Environments, 3-220 Ebata, Obu 474-0035, Aichi, Japan;
| | - Norihito Noguchi
- Department of Nursing, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Fumiko Waki
- Division of Behavioral Science, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Taku Saito
- Division of Behavioral Science, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masato Kitano
- Division of Behavioral Science, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoki Edo
- Division of Behavioral Science, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Minori Koga
- Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Toda
- Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Kobayashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, 1-2-24 Ikejiri, Setagaya, Tokyo 154-8532, Japan
| | - Takehito Sawamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, 1-2-24 Ikejiri, Setagaya, Tokyo 154-8532, Japan
| | - Masanori Nagamine
- Division of Behavioral Science, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa 395-8513, Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Essex R, Thompson T, Evans TR, Fortune V, Kalocsányiová E, Miller D, Markowski M, Elliott H. Ethical climate in healthcare: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nurs Ethics 2023; 30:9697330231177419. [PMID: 37459590 PMCID: PMC10710009 DOI: 10.1177/09697330231177419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethical climate refers to the shared perception of ethical norms and sets the scope for what is ethical and acceptable behaviour within teams. AIM This paper sought to explore perceptions of ethical climate amongst healthcare workers as measured by the Ethical Climate Questionnaire (ECQ), the Hospital Ethical Climate Survey (HECS) and the Ethics Environment Questionnaire (EEQ). METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was utilised. PSYCINFO, CINAHL, WEB OF SCIENCE, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched, and papers were included if they sampled healthcare workers and used the ECQ, HECS or EEQ. ETHICAL CONSIDERATION Ethical approval was not required. RESULTS The search returned 1020 results. After screening, 61 papers were included (n = 43 HECS, n = 15 ECQ, n = 3 EEQ). The overall sample size was over 17,000. The pooled mean score for the HECS was 3.60. Mean scores of individual studies ranged from 2.97 to 4.5. For the HECS studies, meta-regression was carried out. No relationship was found between the country of the studies, the study setting (ICU v non-ICU settings) or the mean years of experience that the sample had. For the ECQ, sub-scales had mean scores ranging from 3.41 (instrumental) to 4.34 (law) and were all observed to have significant and substantial heterogeneity. Three studies utilised the EEQ so further analysis was not carried out. CONCLUSIONS The above results provide insight into the variability of scores as measured by the HECS, ECQ and EEQ. To some extent, this variability is not surprising with studies carried out across 21 countries and in a range of healthcare systems. Results also suggest that it may be that more local and context specific factors are more important when it comes to predicting ethical climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Essex
- Institute for Lifecourse Development, University of Greenwich, London, UK
| | - Trevor Thompson
- Institute for Lifecourse Development, University of Greenwich, London, UK
| | - Thomas Rhys Evans
- Institute for Lifecourse Development, University of Greenwich, London, UK
| | - Vanessa Fortune
- Institute for Lifecourse Development, University of Greenwich, London, UK
| | | | - Denise Miller
- Institute for Lifecourse Development, University of Greenwich, London, UK
| | - Marianne Markowski
- Institute for Lifecourse Development, University of Greenwich, London, UK
| | - Helen Elliott
- Institute for Lifecourse Development, University of Greenwich, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu S, Ju D, Chen Y, Wu M, Wang L, Xi X, Zeng T. Analysis of the correlation between clinical nurses' professional quality of life and family care and organizational support. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1108603. [PMID: 36908408 PMCID: PMC9992405 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1108603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Nurses' professional quality of life (ProQOL) is closely related to nursing life, and it is essential to clarify the professional quality of life of nurses and enhance it effectively. We aimed to explore the influence of family care and organizational support on the professional quality of life of clinical nurses and to improve the theoretical basis for improving the professional quality of life of clinical nurses in China. Methods A single center, descriptive, cross-sectional design was used in this study. From February to April 2,022, 2,200 nurses from Tongji Hospital were selected as the study population, using the General Information Form, Family Care Scale, Professional Quality of Life Scale, Nurses' Sense of Organizational Support Questionnaire, and Work-Family Conflict Scale, and analyzing the relationship between professional quality of life and family care and organizational support among clinical nurses for correlation analysis as well as multiple linear regression to determine the factors affecting participants' Factors affecting ProQOL. P < 0.05 values were considered statistically significant. Results The Cronbach coefficients of the scales were generally above 0.8, with good validity. All nurses had empathic satisfaction, burnout, and secondary trauma scores of 28.74 ± 3.83, 30.82 ± 3.45 and 29.40 ± 3.69, respectively, and correlation analysis, as well as multiple linear regression results, showed that the three dimensions of nurses' professional quality of life were associated with family care and organizational support (P < 0.05). Conclusions The professional quality of life of nurses deserves to draw focused attention. The degree of family care and organizational support are predictive of professional quality of life, and nursing managers should pay attention to rationalizing tasks, pay attention to the physical and mental health of nursing staff, and improve the quality of life of nurses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xu
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dandan Ju
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meiliyang Wu
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinxue Xi
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tieying Zeng
- Department of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sumin AN, Prokashko IY, Shcheglova AV. Evaluation of Coping Strategies among Students with Type D Personality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084918. [PMID: 35457785 PMCID: PMC9029841 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Personality type D may be associated with a predisposition to develop stress under external adverse influences, for example, in the COVID-19 pandemic. Likewise, type D personality is associated with higher burnout levels; thus, it may contribute to the development of diseases symptoms. The current study was designed to examine the coping strategies in young healthy persons with personality type D. Methods: The study included 98 medical students, with 30 being males. The participants completed questionnaires to identify personality type D (DS-14) and the coping strategies. Depending on the results of the DS-14 questionnaire, four subgroups were distinguished with different levels of points on the NA and SI subscales. Results: For persons with type D personality, the escape–avoidance strategy was used more often, the accepting responsibility and self-controlling strategies were less common compared with non-type-D individuals. When type D was adjusted for the NA and SI subscales, the correlation remained only with escape–avoidance strategy. We did not find a synergistic effect of the NA and SI subscales in regard to coping. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a link between personality type D and maladaptive coping strategies. The predominance of the maladaptive coping strategy in type D is a possible point of application for psychosocial training in such individuals that requires further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey N. Sumin
- Laboratory of Comorbidity in Cardiovascular Deseases, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Disease”, Sosnovy Blvd., 6, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(3842)-64-44-61 or +7-903940-8668
| | - Ingrid Yu. Prokashko
- Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kemerovo State Medical University”, Voroshilova Str., 22a, 650029 Kemerovo, Russia;
| | - Anna V. Shcheglova
- Laboratory of Comorbidity in Cardiovascular Deseases, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Disease”, Sosnovy Blvd., 6, 650002 Kemerovo, Russia;
| |
Collapse
|