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Palstam A, Seljelid J, Persson HC, Sunnerhagen KS. Physical activity, acute severity and long-term consequences of COVID-19: an 18-month follow-up survey based on a Swedish national cohort. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e079927. [PMID: 38176869 PMCID: PMC10773417 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate how changes in levels of physical activity (PA) in regard to acute disease severity relate to perceived difficulties in performing daily life activities 18 months after COVID-19 infection. DESIGN An observational study with an 18-month follow-up survey based on registry data from a national cohort. PARTICIPANTS 5464 responders to the 18-month follow-up survey of a Swedish national cohort of 11 955 individuals on sick leave due to COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic. OUTCOMES The follow-up survey included questions on daily life activities, as well as present and retrospective level of PA. Changes in PA level from before COVID-19 to follow-up were assessed by the Saltin-Grimby PA Level Scale and analysed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Comparisons of groups were analysed by the Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and χ2. Multiple binary logistic regression was performed to assess the association of changes in PA with perceived difficulties in performing daily life activities. RESULTS Among the 5464 responders (45% of national cohort), the PA level decreased. Hospitalised individuals had a lower PA level both prior to COVID-19 (p=0.035) and at the 18-month follow-up (p=0.008) compared with non-hospitalised responders. However, the level of PA decreased in both groups. A decrease in PA level increased the odds (OR 5.58, 95% CI 4.90 to 6.34) of having difficulties performing daily life activities. CONCLUSIONS PA levels were reduced 18 months after COVID-19 infection. A decrease in PA over that time was associated with perceived difficulties performing daily life activities 18 months after COVID-19. As PA is important in maintaining health and deconditioning takes time to reverse, this decline may have long-term implications for PA and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Palstam
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
- School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Johanna Seljelid
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Charlotte Persson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Katharina S Sunnerhagen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
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Dos Santos VR, Silva BSDA, Agostinete RR, Batista VC, Gobbo LA. Older adults physically inactive in occupational and commuting domains have a higher risk for osteopenia and osteoporosis: A 12-month prospective study. Arch Osteoporos 2023; 18:80. [PMID: 37280379 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-023-01294-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between different domains of physical activity (PA) and bone health in older adults needs to be further investigated. We evaluated 379 Brazilian older adults and observed that the risk of osteopenia is higher in older adults who are physically inactive in occupational domain and for osteoporosis the risk is higher in physically inactive in commuting domain and total habitual PA. PURPOSE Bone mineral density (BMD) usually decreases with age, and the risk of osteometabolic diseases, such as osteopenia and osteoporosis, increases in older adults. PA is strictly related to BMD. However, the relationship between different domains of PA and bone health in older adults is still unclear, and needs to be further investigated, aiming at the implementation of preventative health measures for this population. Thus, the aim of the current study was to analyze the association between different domains of PA and the risk for osteopenia and osteoporosis in older adults in a 12-month follow-up. METHODS Prospective study that included 379 Brazilian community-dwelling older adults, aged ≥ 60 years (70 ± 7 years, 69% women). Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) total, proximal femur, and lumbar spine were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and PA was self-reported. Binary logistic regression analysis and 95%CI were used to analyze the association between the practice of PA in different domains (at baseline and follow-up) and risk for osteopenia and osteoporosis (follow-up). RESULTS The risk for osteopenia (total proximal femur or lumbar spine) is higher in older adults who are physically inactive in the occupational domain (OR:3.25; 95%CI:1.24-8.55). In addition, older adults who are physically inactive in the commuting domain (OR:3.43; 95%CI:1.09-10.82) and total PA (OR:5.58; 95%CI:1.57-19.88) present a higher risk for osteoporosis (total proximal femur or lumbar spine) compared to physically active older adults. CONCLUSION The risk of osteopenia is higher in older adults who are physically inactive in occupational domain and for osteoporosis the risk is higher in physically inactive in commuting domain and total habitual PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, LABSIM, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Bloco 3, Sala 2, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, CEP 19060-900, Brazil.
- Post-Graduation Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Bloco 3, Sala 2, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, CEP 19060-900, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Spolador de Alencar Silva
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, LABSIM, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Bloco 3, Sala 2, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, CEP 19060-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Bloco 3, Sala 2, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, CEP 19060-900, Brazil
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro Agostinete
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor Cabrera Batista
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, LABSIM, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Bloco 3, Sala 2, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, CEP 19060-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Bloco 3, Sala 2, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, CEP 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Alberto Gobbo
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, LABSIM, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Bloco 3, Sala 2, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, CEP 19060-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rua Roberto Simonsen, 305, Bloco 3, Sala 2, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, CEP 19060-900, Brazil
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