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Kot WY, Li JW, Chan AKY, Zheng LW. A reflection on COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesion: a systematic review. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2023; 4:1322458. [PMID: 38169876 PMCID: PMC10759230 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1322458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this systematic review is to provide a clinical update of the current knowledge on COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesions, to analyze the types and prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients with COVID-19, and to clarify the potential association between COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesions. Methods The literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and the Cochrane Library, as well as literatures via manual searches of the reference lists of included studies. Studies published in English that mentioned oral mucosal lesions in patients with COVID-19 were included, resulting in a total of 31 studies. Results Most of the included studies were considered to have a moderate to high risk of bias according to the Joanna Briggs Institute bias assessment tools. Based on COVID-19 severity, the characteristics and patterns of oral mucosal lesions in COVID-19 patients were described, analyzed and synthesized. Overall, ulcers without specific diagnosis had the highest prevalence in COVID-19 patients, followed by traumatic ulcers, candidiasis, petechiae and aphthous-like lesions. Homogeneity of data cannot be achieved in statical analysis, indicating randomness of outcome (ulcers without specific diagnosis, 95% CI: 28%-96%, I2 = 98.7%). Discussion Given the limited evidence from currently available studies, the association between COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesions remains difficult to clarify. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the possible association between COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesions, and we hereby discuss our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Ying Kot
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jing Wen Li
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alice Kit Ying Chan
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Li Wu Zheng
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Tammaro A, Kulakowska KA, Adebanjo GAR, Parisella FR, Salih AF, Scarabello A. Oral and genital mucosa lesions in patients with COVID-19: a multicentric case series. Int J Dermatol 2023; 62:e554-e556. [PMID: 37063087 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Tammaro
- NESMOS Department of Dermatology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Aso Faeq Salih
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Alessandra Scarabello
- Department of Dermatology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
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Manesh A, Devasagayam E, Sahu S, Bhanuprasad K, Mannam P, Karthik R, Varghese GM. Primary odontogenic onset invasive mucormycosis-an under recognized clinical entity. Clin Microbiol Infect 2023; 29:1086.e1-1086.e5. [PMID: 37179009 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary source of facial mucormycosis is through inhalation of fungal sporangiospores, resulting in invasive disease in paranasal sinuses. However, dental onset mucormycosis has not been well documented in literature. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with odontogenic onset mucormycosis. METHODS From a large cohort of mucormycosis involving the face between July 2020 and October 2021, we selected patients who had dental symptoms at onset and predominant alveolar involvement with little to no paranasal sinus disease as shown by baseline imaging. All patients had a confirmed diagnosis of mucormycosis through histopathology, with or without the growth of Mucorales in fungal culture. RESULTS Out of 256 patients with invasive mucormycosis of the face, 8.2% (21 patients) had odontogenic onset. Uncontrolled diabetes was a common risk factor, affecting 71.4% (15/21) of the patients, while recent COVID-19 illness was noted in 80.9% (17/21) of patients. The median duration of symptoms at presentation was 37 days (IQR, 14-80 days). The most common symptoms were dental pain with loose teeth (100%), facial swelling (66.7% [14/21]), pus discharge (28.6% [6/21]), and gingival and palatal abscess (28.6% [6/21]). Extensive osteomyelitis was found in 61.9% (13/21) of the patients, and 28.6% (6/21) had oroantral fistulas. The mortality rate was low, at 9.5% (2/21), with only 9.5% (2/21) of the patients having brain extension and 14.2% (3/21) in the orbit. CONCLUSION This study suggests that odontogenic onset invasive mucormycosis may be a separate clinical entity with its own distinct clinical features and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abi Manesh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Emily Devasagayam
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shalini Sahu
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kundakarla Bhanuprasad
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pavithra Mannam
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajiv Karthik
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - George M Varghese
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sarasati A, Agustina D, Surboyo MDC. The Oral Lesion in the COVID-19 Patient: Is It True Oral Manifestation or Not? Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:4357-4385. [PMID: 37424667 PMCID: PMC10329433 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s411615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Many previously reported publications mentioned that oral lesion in COVID-19 patients was varied. The term oral manifestations refer to pathognomonic features that are found consistently with a specific cause and effect. In this context, the oral manifestation of COVID-19 was inconclusive. This systematic review aimed to analyse previously reported publications related to oral lesions in COVID-19 patients to define as oral manifestations or not. The PRISMA guidelines were implemented in this review. Methods All umbrella reviews, systematic reviews, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, comprehensive reviews, and original and non-original studies were included. Twenty-one of systematic review, 32 original studies and 68 non-original studies reported the oral lesion in COVID-19 patients. Results Most of the publications mentioned that ulcers, macular, pseudomembranes and crusts were frequent oral lesions. The reported oral lesions in COVID-19 patients did not show any pathognomonic features and might be unrelated directly to COVID-19 infections, however, more likely due to gender, age, underlying diseases, and medication. Conclusion The oral lesions found in previous studies do not have pathognomonic features and are inconsistent. Therefore, the reported oral lesion, in present time, cannot be defined as an oral manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andari Sarasati
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Agustina
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
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Sarruf MBJM, Quinelato V, Sarruf GJM, Oliveira HE, Calasans-Maia JA, Quinelato H, Aguiar T, Casado PL, Cavalcante LMA. Stress as worsening of the signs and symptoms of the geographic tongue during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:565. [PMID: 36463206 PMCID: PMC9719625 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02609-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geographic Tongue (GT) is a benign inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology, which is characterized by the loss of epithelium due to the atrophy of filiform papillae. It usually occurs on the dorsum of the tongue and may extend to its lateral edges. It appears as an erythematous area surrounded by whitish and slightly elevated margins. In most cases, the condition is asymptomatic, although some individuals may report symptoms that include a burning sensation of the tongue. OBJECTIVE Assess whether there was a change in the clinical aspect of Geographic Tongue (GT) during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Thirty-two participants were recruited from Dentistry School Universidade Federal Fluminense. Anamnesis and oral examination were performed to collect medical history. The participants were split into two groups: control group (no GT) n = 20 and test group (with GT) n = 12. In the second step, nine participants from a 12 (75%) of the test group were contacted by phone and answered a questionnaire about changes in the signs and symptoms of GT during the pandemic. The subjects were subdivided into two groups: GT with and without signs and symptoms exacerbation. RESULTS In the first phase of the research, no statistical difference between control and test groups was observed regarding clinical criteria such as age (p + 0.72), gender (p = 0.24), and systemic diseases (p = 0.58). In the second phase, there was a statistical difference between GT groups with or without symptom exacerbation in terms of age and stress as a factor of the oral symptoms (p = 0.3 and 0.2), respectively. Younger patients showed a worsening of the oral lesions related to GT (p = 0.3) and reported stress during the pandemic (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Younger patients were more susceptible to stress and presented more exacerbation of the oral lesions related to GT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Beatriz Jordão Moreira Sarruf
- grid.411173.10000 0001 2184 6919Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Mario Santos Braga St, 28, Center, Niterói, RJ 24020-140 Brazil
| | - Valquiria Quinelato
- grid.411173.10000 0001 2184 6919Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Mario Santos Braga St, 28, Center, Niterói, RJ 24020-140 Brazil
| | - Guilherme Jordão Moreira Sarruf
- grid.411173.10000 0001 2184 6919Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Mario Santos Braga St, 28, Center, Niterói, RJ 24020-140 Brazil
| | - Henrique Eduardo Oliveira
- grid.411173.10000 0001 2184 6919Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Mario Santos Braga St, 28, Center, Niterói, RJ 24020-140 Brazil
| | - Jose Albuquerque Calasans-Maia
- grid.411173.10000 0001 2184 6919Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Mario Santos Braga St, 28, Center, Niterói, RJ 24020-140 Brazil
| | - Hilka Quinelato
- Inter-American Faculty of Social Sciences (FICS), Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Telma Aguiar
- grid.411173.10000 0001 2184 6919Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Mario Santos Braga St, 28, Center, Niterói, RJ 24020-140 Brazil
| | - Priscila Ladeira Casado
- grid.411173.10000 0001 2184 6919Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Mario Santos Braga St, 28, Center, Niterói, RJ 24020-140 Brazil
| | - Larissa Maria Assad Cavalcante
- grid.411173.10000 0001 2184 6919Dentistry School, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Mario Santos Braga St, 28, Center, Niterói, RJ 24020-140 Brazil
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Trukhan DI, Sulimov AF, Trukhan LY. Changes in the organs and tissues of the oral cavity in the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19): A review. CONSILIUM MEDICUM 2022. [DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2022.5.201755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause changes in the organs and tissues of the oral cavity, which is associated with a wide distribution of angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 in the oral cavity, mainly epithelial cells of the oral mucosa, gums and fibroblasts of the periodontal ligament. Thus, the oral mucosa is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and may act as a gateway for the virus, as well as a reservoir for SARS-CoV-2. We searched the literature for the period from the beginning of the pandemic until May 30, 2022, devoted to the study of changes in the organs and tissues of the oral cavity with a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in the electronic search engines PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus. A special place in the study of changes in the organs and tissues of the oral cavity with a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is occupied by periodontal pathology. A number of reviews and clinical studies conclude the importance of good oral hygiene and periodontal health as an important aspect of COVID-19 prevention and management. Oral probiotics can be considered as a promising direction for correcting changes in organs and tissues of the oral cavity in COVID-19.
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Park JY. Post-acute infection syndrome after COVID-19: effects on the oral and maxillofacial region and the recent publication trends. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 48:131-132. [PMID: 35770353 PMCID: PMC9247451 DOI: 10.5125/jkaoms.2022.48.3.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Young Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Oral Mucosa and Jawbone Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Seoul, Korea
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