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Paulucio D, Ramirez-Sanchez C, Velasque R, Xavier R, Monnerat G, Dill A, Silveira J, Andrade GM, Meirelles F, Dornelas-Ribeiro M, Kirchner B, Pfaffl MW, Pompeu F, Santos CGM. Circulating miRNA Signaling for Fatty Acid Metabolism in Response to a Maximum Endurance Test in Elite Long-Distance Runners. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1088. [PMID: 39202447 PMCID: PMC11353293 DOI: 10.3390/genes15081088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is a determining indicator for cardiorespiratory capacity in endurance athletes, and epigenetics is crucial in its levels and variability. This initial study examined a broad plasma miRNA profile of twenty-three trained elite endurance athletes with similar training volumes but different VO2max in response to an acute maximal graded endurance test. Six were clustered as higher/lower levels based on their VO2max (75.4 ± 0.9 and 60.1 ± 5.0 mL.kg-1.min-1). Plasma was obtained from athletes before and after the test and 15 ng of total RNA was extracted and detected using an SYBR-based 1113 miRNA RT-qPCR panel. A total of 51 miRNAs were differentially expressed among group comparisons. Relative amounts of miRNA showed a clustering behavior among groups regarding distinct performance/time points. Significantly expressed miRNAs were used to perform functional bioinformatic analysis (DIANA tools). Fatty acid metabolism pathways were strongly targeted for the significantly different miRNAs in all performance groups and time points (p < 0.001). Although this pathway does not solely determine endurance performance, their significant contribution is certainly achieved through the involvement of miRNAs. A highly genetically dependent gold standard variable for performance evaluation in a homogeneous group of elite athletes allowed genetic/epigenetic aspects related to fatty acid pathways to emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dailson Paulucio
- Biometrics Laboratory (LADEBIO), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil; (D.P.)
| | - Carlos Ramirez-Sanchez
- Biometrics Laboratory (LADEBIO), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil; (D.P.)
| | - Rodolfo Velasque
- Biometrics Laboratory (LADEBIO), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil; (D.P.)
| | - Raphael Xavier
- Biometrics Laboratory (LADEBIO), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil; (D.P.)
| | - Gustavo Monnerat
- Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-170, Brazil
| | - Adrieli Dill
- Brazilian Army Institute of Biology, Research, Teaching and Research Division, Rio de Janeiro 20911-270, Brazil
| | - Juliano Silveira
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriella M. Andrade
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Flavio Meirelles
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos Dornelas-Ribeiro
- Brazilian Army Institute of Biology, Research, Teaching and Research Division, Rio de Janeiro 20911-270, Brazil
| | - Benedikt Kirchner
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmann-Straße 1, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Michael W. Pfaffl
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmann-Straße 1, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Fernando Pompeu
- Biometrics Laboratory (LADEBIO), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil; (D.P.)
| | - Caleb G. M. Santos
- Brazilian Army Institute of Biology, Research, Teaching and Research Division, Rio de Janeiro 20911-270, Brazil
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmann-Straße 1, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Hulland SC, Trakman GL, Alcock RD. Adolescent athletes have better general than sports nutrition knowledge and lack awareness of supplement recommendations: a systematic literature review. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1362-1376. [PMID: 38053387 PMCID: PMC10950453 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition knowledge (NK) impacts food choices and may be improved through educational programmes. Identifying knowledge gaps related to NK among adolescent athletes may guide future nutrition education programmes. This review aimed to systematically review the level of NK in adolescent athletes based on the currently available published literature. The protocol for this review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022321765). A literature search was conducted in April 2022 using MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and SCOPUS databases. The study design was not restricted, provided that a quantitative NK score was reported for adolescent athletes. Studies were limited to the English language and published between 2010 and April 2022. Studies were assessed for quality and risk of bias using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Appraisal Checklist. Data extracted included demographics, questionnaire name, number of items, validation status and mean total and subsection NK scores. Meta-analyses were inappropriate due to the heterogeneity of NK assessment tools; therefore, results were presented narratively. Thirty-two studies that assessed NK of 4553 adolescent athletes and 574 comparison participants were included. Critical appraisal of studies resulted in neutral rating 'moderate quality' for most (n 30) studies. Studies lacked justification for sample size and often used inadequately validated questionnaires. NK scores ranged from poor (33·3 %) to excellent (90·6 %). The level of NK across studies is difficult to determine due to heterogenous questionnaires often lacking appropriate validation. NK should be assessed using tools validated in the relevant population or revalidated tools previously used for other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan C. Hulland
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gina L. Trakman
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Essendon Football Club, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebekah D. Alcock
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Thuany M, Gomes TN, Weiss K, Knechtle B, Rolim R, Moura dos Santos MA. Beyond the border of the athlete-centered approach: a model to understand runners' performance. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1137023. [PMID: 37691794 PMCID: PMC10484714 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1137023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Our purpose is to move beyond the borders of the athlete-centered approach by examining the runners' environment interplay as a key factor for performance. Based on the ecological systems theory, the micro-level (intrapersonal, interpersonal, and training characteristics), meso-level (a direct association with athletes is not observed, but the environment plays an influence on the relationships built at the micro-level), and macro-level (contextual features that influence athletic systems) were theorized and contextualized as important factors for the expression of different outcomes, including performance and participation. We also conceptualized the microtime, mesotime, and macrotime as a constraint. Through this model, we aimed to provide applications and conclusions about how this conceptual model provides advances in the scientific research field. By understanding how environmental factors influence their performance, runners can make informed decisions about where and how to train and compete. Furthermore, by recognizing the role of culture and social context in shaping runners' experiences and outcomes, we can work toward creating a more equitable and supportive running culture for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabliny Thuany
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Thayse Natacha Gomes
- Post-Graduation Program of Physical Education, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Katja Weiss
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat Knechtle
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Ramiro Rolim
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcos André Moura dos Santos
- Associated Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, University of Pernambuco and Federal University of Paraiba, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Bulgay C, Kasakolu A, Kazan HH, Mijaica R, Zorba E, Akman O, Bayraktar I, Ekmekci R, Koncagul S, Ulucan K, Semenova EA, Larin AK, Kulemin NA, Generozov EV, Balint L, Badicu G, Ahmetov II, Ergun MA. Exome-Wide Association Study of Competitive Performance in Elite Athletes. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030660. [PMID: 36980932 PMCID: PMC10048216 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify genetic variants associated with personal best scores in Turkish track and field athletes and to compare allelic frequencies between sprint/power and endurance athletes and controls using a whole-exome sequencing (WES) approach, followed by replication studies in independent cohorts. The discovery phase involved 60 elite Turkish athletes (31 sprint/power and 29 endurance) and 20 ethnically matched controls. The replication phase involved 1132 individuals (115 elite Russian sprinters, 373 elite Russian endurance athletes (of which 75 athletes were with VO2max measurements), 209 controls, 148 Russian and 287 Finnish individuals with muscle fiber composition and cross-sectional area (CSA) data). None of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reached an exome-wide significance level (p < 2.3 × 10−7) in genotype–phenotype and case–control studies of Turkish athletes. However, of the 53 nominally (p < 0.05) associated SNPs, four functional variants were replicated. The SIRT1 rs41299232 G allele was significantly over-represented in Turkish (p = 0.047) and Russian (p = 0.018) endurance athletes compared to sprint/power athletes and was associated with increased VO2max (p = 0.037) and a greater proportion of slow-twitch muscle fibers (p = 0.035). The NUP210 rs2280084 A allele was significantly over-represented in Turkish (p = 0.044) and Russian (p = 0.012) endurance athletes compared to sprint/power athletes. The TRPM2 rs1785440 G allele was significantly over-represented in Turkish endurance athletes compared to sprint/power athletes (p = 0.034) and was associated with increased VO2max (p = 0.008). The AGRN rs4074992 C allele was significantly over-represented in Turkish sprint/power athletes compared to endurance athletes (p = 0.037) and was associated with a greater CSA of fast-twitch muscle fibers (p = 0.024). In conclusion, we present the first WES study of athletes showing that this approach can be used to identify novel genetic markers associated with exercise- and sport-related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celal Bulgay
- Sports Science Faculty, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey
| | - Anıl Kasakolu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, 06000 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hasan Hüseyin Kazan
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, 1010–1107 Nicosia, Cyprus
- DESAM Institute, Near East University, 1010–1107 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Raluca Mijaica
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University, 500068 Braşov, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Erdal Zorba
- Sports Science Faculty, Gazi University, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onur Akman
- Sports Science Faculty, Bayburt University, 69000 Bayburt, Turkey
| | - Isık Bayraktar
- Sports Science Faculty, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, 07450 Alanya, Turkey
| | - Rıdvan Ekmekci
- Sports Science Faculty, Pamukkale University, 20160 Denizli, Turkey
| | | | - Korkut Ulucan
- Sports Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ekaterina A. Semenova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute of Physical Culture and Sport, Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, 420138 Kazan, Russia
| | - Andrey K. Larin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Kulemin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Edward V. Generozov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lorand Balint
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University, 500068 Braşov, Romania
| | - Georgian Badicu
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University, 500068 Braşov, Romania
| | - Ildus I. Ahmetov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Genetics of Aging and Longevity, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
- Department of Physical Education, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 115093 Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5AF, UK
| | - Mehmet Ali Ergun
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
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