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Ovatlarnporn C, Basit A, Paliwal H, Nalinbenjapun S, Sripetthong S, Suksuwan A, Mahamud N, Olatunji OJ. Untargeted metabolomics, optimization of microwave-assisted extraction using Box-Behnken design and evaluation of antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities of sugarcane bagasse. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024. [PMID: 38816275 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The fruit wastes, in particular agricultural wastes, are considered potential and inexpensive sources of bioactive compounds. OBJECTIVE The current study was aimed at the preparation of an optimized extract of sugarcane bagasse using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technology and comparative evaluation of chemical composition, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities with extract prepared through maceration technique. METHODOLOGY Box-Behnken Design (BDD) with response surface methodology was applied to observe interactions of three independent variables (ethanol concentrations [%], microwave power [W], and extraction time [min]) on the dependent variables (total phenolic content [TPC] and antioxidant status via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] to establish optimal extraction conditions. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) analysis was applied for untargeted metabolite profiling, and in vitro assays were used for evaluation of the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of the extract. Moreover, an in silico study was used to predict the interaction of five dominant compounds from the UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS profile against the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) enzyme. RESULTS The optimal conditions for the extraction were established at 60% (v/v) ethanol, 500 W microwave power, and 5 min time with TPC 12.83 ± 0.66 mg GAE/g d.w. and DPPH 45.09 ± 0.07%. The UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis revealed the presence of a total of 106 compounds in the extract. Moreover, the extract prepared through MAE technology presented higher TPC and DPPH findings than the extract prepared through maceration. Similarly, the extract was also found with good antidiabetic activity by inhibiting the DPP-IV enzyme which was also rectified theoretically by a molecular docking study. CONCLUSION The current study presents a sustainable and an optimized approach for the preparation of sugarcane bagasse extract with functional phytoconstituents and higher antidiabetic and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Himanshu Paliwal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kopargaon, India
| | - Sirinporn Nalinbenjapun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Sasikarn Sripetthong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Acharee Suksuwan
- The Halal Science Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nureesun Mahamud
- The Halal Science Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Alqahtani J, Negm WA, Elekhnawy E, Hussein IA, Hassan HS, Alanzi AR, Moglad E, Ahmed R, Ibrahim S, El-Sherbeni SA. Potential Surviving Effect of Cleome droserifolia Extract against Systemic Staphylococcus aureus Infection: Investigation of the Chemical Content of the Plant. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:450. [PMID: 38786178 PMCID: PMC11118852 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13050450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing rates of morbidity and mortality owing to bacterial infections, particularly Staphylococcus aureus have necessitated finding solutions to face this issue. Thus, we elucidated the phytochemical constituents and antibacterial potential of Cleome droserifolia extract (CDE). Using LC-ESI-MS/MS, the main phytoconstituents of CDE were explored, which were kaempferol-3,7-O-bis-alpha-L-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin, cyanidin-3-glucoside, kaempferide, kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside, caffeic acid, isoquercitrin, quinic acid, isocitrate, mannitol, apigenin, acacetin, and naringenin. The CDE exerted an antibacterial action on S. aureus isolates with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 128 to 512 µg/mL. Also, CDE exhibited antibiofilm action using a crystal violet assay. A scanning electron microscope was employed to illuminate the effect of CDE on biofilm formation, and it considerably diminished S. aureus cell number in the biofilm. Moreover, qRT-PCR was performed to study the effect of CDE on biofilm gene expression (cna, fnbA, and icaA). The CDE revealed a downregulating effect on the studied biofilm genes in 43.48% of S. aureus isolates. Regarding the in vivo model, CDE significantly decreased the S. aureus burden in the liver and spleen of CDE-treated mice. Also, it significantly improved the mice's survival and substantially decreased the inflammatory markers (interleukin one beta and interleukin six) in the studied tissues. Furthermore, CDE has improved the histology and tumor necrosis factor alpha immunohistochemistry in the liver and spleen of the CDE-treated group. Thus, CDE could be considered a promising candidate for future antimicrobial drug discovery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaher Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Walaa A. Negm
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (W.A.N.); (S.A.E.-S.)
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Ismail A. Hussein
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt;
| | | | - Abdullah R. Alanzi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rehab Ahmed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sarah Ibrahim
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Suzy A. El-Sherbeni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (W.A.N.); (S.A.E.-S.)
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Gul H, Hussain A, Javaid F, Khan KU, Basit A, Arafat M, Hussain F. Novel insights into the anti-asthmatic effect of Raphanus sativus L. (Raphani Semen): Targeting immune cells, inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress markers. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117851. [PMID: 38336182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Raphanus sativus L. is a well-known medicinal plant with traditional therapeutic applications in various common ailments including inflammation and asthma. AIMS OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and anti-asthmatic potential of the hydro-methanolic extract of the leaves of R. sativus L. (Rs.Cr) using various in vitro and in vivo investigations. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Rs.Cr was subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis and HPLC profiling. The safety was assessed through oral acute toxicity tests in mice. The antiasthmatic effect of the extract was studied using milk-induced leukocytosis and ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma models established in mice. While mast cell degranulation and passive paw anaphylaxis models were established in rats. Moreover, effect of the extract was studied on various oxidative and inflammatory makers. The antioxidant effect of the extract was also studied by in vitro DPPH method. RESULTS The HPLC profiling of Rs.Cr showed the presence of important polyphenols in a considerable quantity. In toxicity evaluation, Rs.Cr showed no sign of morbidity or mortality with LD50 < 2000 mg/kg. The extract revealed significant mast cell disruption in a dose-dependent manner compared to the intoxicated group. Similarly, treatment with Rs.Cr and dexamethasone significantly (p < 0.001) reduced paw edema volume. Subcutaneous injection of milk at a dose of 4 mL/kg, after 24 h of its administration, showed an increase in the leukocyte count in the intoxicated group. Similarly, mice treated with dexamethasone and Rs.Cr respectively showed a significant decrease in leukocytes and eosinophils count in the ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma model. The extract presented a significant (p˂0.001) alleviative effect on the levels of SOD and GSH, MDA, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in a dose-dependent manner as compared to the intoxicated group. Furthermore, the histological evaluation also revealed a notable decrease in inflammatory and goblet cell count with reduced mucus production. CONCLUSION The current study highlights mechanism-based novel insights into the anti-asthmatic potential of R. sativus that also strongly supports its traditional use in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Gul
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. College University, Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan.
| | - Abida Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. College University, Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
| | - Faraza Javaid
- Quaid-e-Azam College of Pharmacy, Sahiwal-57000, Punjab-Pakistan
| | | | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand; Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Mosab Arafat
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fiza Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. College University, Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
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Paosupap J, Basit A, Sajomsang W, Nalinbejapun S, Sripetthong S, Ovatlarnporn C. Evaluation of the antifungal properties of nanoliposomes containing rhinacanthin-C isolated from the leaves of Rhinacanthus nasutus. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:129. [PMID: 38459287 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03916-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Fungal infections represent a challenging threat to the human health. Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton rubrum are pathogenic fungi causing various topical mycoses in humans. The globally emerging issue of resistance to fungi demands the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In this context, the application of nanoliposomes as vehicles for carrying active therapeutic agents can be a suitable alternative. In this study, rhinacanthin-C was isolated from Rhinacanthus naustus and encapsulated in nano-liposomal formulations, which were prepared by the modified ethanol injection method. The two best formulations composed of soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC), cholesterol (CHL), and tween 80 (T80) in a molar ratio of 1:1:0 (F1) and 1:1:0.5 (F2) were proceeded for experimentation. The physical characteristics and antifungal activities were performed and compared with solutions of rhinacanthin-C. The rhinacanthin-C encapsulating efficiencies in F1 and F2 were 94.69 ± 1.20% and 84.94 ± 1.32%, respectively. The particle sizes were found to be about 221.4 ± 13.76 nm (F1) and 115.8 ± 23.33 nm (F2), and zeta potential values of -38.16 mV (F1) and -40.98 mV (F2). Similarly, the stability studies of rhinacanthin-C in liposomes demonstrated that rhinacanthin-C in both formulations was more stable in mediums with pH of 4.0 and 6.6 than pure rhinacanthin-C when stored at the same conditions. Rhinacanthin-C in F1 was slightly more stable than F2 when stored in mediums with a pH of 10.0 after three months of storage. However, rhinacanthin-C in both formulations was less stable than pure rhinacanthin-C in a basic medium of pH 10.0. The antifungal potential was evaluated against M. gypsum and T. rubrum. The findings revealed a comparatively higher zone of inhibition for F1. In the MIC study, SPC: CHL: T80 showed higher inhibition against M. gypseum and a slightly higher inhibition against T. rubrum compared to free rhinacanthin-C solution. Moreover, rhinacanthin-C showed significant interaction against 14α-demethylase in in silico study. Overall, this study demonstrates that nanoliposomes containing rhinacanthin-C can improve the stability and antifungal potential of rhinacanthin-C with sustained and prolonged duration of action and could be a promising vehicle for delivery of active ingredients for targeting various fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirasak Paosupap
- Department of Research and Development, Able Medical Company Limited, Chiang Yuen, Mahasarakham 44160, Thailand
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
| | - Warayuth Sajomsang
- Nano-Encapsulation Units, National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Sirinporn Nalinbejapun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Sasikarn Sripetthong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
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Alqahtani J, Negm WA, Elekhnawy E, Alqahtani MJ, Moglad E, Ibrahim S, El-Sherbeni SA. Outlining the Phytoconstituents of Greek Clover Herb Extract and Assessment of Its Effect against Foodborne Infections Caused by Salmonella typhimurium. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:259. [PMID: 38399474 PMCID: PMC10892485 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Owing to the spread of resistance between pathogenic bacteria, searching for novel compounds with antibacterial activity is essential. Here, we investigated the potential antibacterial activity of Greek clover or Trigonella foenum-graecum herb extract on Salmonella typhimurium clinical isolates. The chemical profile of the herb was initially determined using LC-ESI-MS/MS, which explored 36 different compounds. Interestingly, the fenugreek extract possessed antibacterial action in vitro with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 64 to 512 µg/mL. The potential mechanism of action was studied by elucidating the effect of the fenugreek extract on the membrane properties of S. typhimurium bacteria, including the inner and outer membrane permeability and membrane integrity. Remarkably, the fenugreek extract had detrimental effects on the membrane properties in 40-60% of the isolates. Moreover, the in vivo antibacterial action was studied using a gastrointestinal infection model with S. typhimurium bacteria. Interestingly, the fenugreek extract (200 mg/kg) improved the infection outcomes in the tested mice. This was represented by the noteworthy decrease (p < 0.05) in the bacterial count in the small intestine and caecum tissues. The survival rate of the fenugreek-extract-treated mice significantly increased compared to the S. typhimurium-infected group. Additionally, there was an improvement in the histological and immunohistochemical features of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. In addition, using an ELISA and qRT-PCR, there was an improvement in the proinflammatory and oxidative stress markers in the fenugreek-extract-treated group. Consequently, fenugreek extract should be investigated further on other food pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaher Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Walaa A. Negm
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (W.A.N.); (S.A.E.-S.)
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Moneerah J. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sarah Ibrahim
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Suzy A. El-Sherbeni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (W.A.N.); (S.A.E.-S.)
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Kanwal S, Ahmad S, Yasmin Begum M, Siddiqua A, Rao H, Ghalloo BA, Shahzad MN, Ahmad I, Khan KUR. Chemical Profiling, in-vitro biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of Ruellia tweediana: An unexplored plant. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101939. [PMID: 38261891 PMCID: PMC10797148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Many Ruellia species have been utilized in traditional medicine and despite the prevalent use of Ruellia tweediana in folk medicine, its antioxidant potential and polyphenol content have not been investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the medicinal value of R. tweediana by evaluating its total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid contents (TFC), GC-MS analysis, antioxidant, antibacterial, and enzyme inhibition activities. The TPC and TFC of the extract/fractions were assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum trichloride methods, respectively. To determine the antioxidant capacity, five different assays were used: DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, and metal chelating assays. The inhibition activity against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, cholinesterases, and lipoxygenase enzymes was also analyzed. Furthermore, GC-MS was performed for chemical screening of non-polar fraction. The methanol extract showed the maximum TPC (167.34 ± 2.23 mg GAE/g) and TFC (120.43 ± 1.71 mg RE/g) values among all the tested samples. GC-MS screening of the n-hexane fraction showed the presence of 40 different phytoconstituents. The results demonstrated the highest scavenging potential of the methanol extract against DPPH (167.79 ± 2.75 mg TE/g) and ABTS (255.32 ± 2.91 mg TE/g) radicals, as well as the metal-reducing capacity measured by CUPRAC (321.34 ± 3.09 mg TE/g), FRAP (311.32 ± 2.91 mg TE/g), and metal chelating assay (246.78 ± 10.34 mg EDTAE/g). Notably, the n-hexane fraction revealed the highest α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition activity (186.8 ± 2.84 and 179.7 ± 4.32 mg ACAE/g, respectively) while methanol extract showed highest acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activity (198.6 ± 3.31 and 184.3 ± 2.92 mg GALE/g, respectively). The GC-MS identified Lupeol showed best binding affinity with all docked enzymes as compared to standard compounds. The presence of bioactive phytoconstituents showed by GC-MS underscores the medicinal importance of R. tweediana, making it a promising candidate for natural medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsa Kanwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, College of Sciences and Mathematics, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72404, United States of America
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - M. Yasmin Begum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayesha Siddiqua
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huma Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Ghalloo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454, United States of America
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- Primary & Secondary Health Department, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Kashif-ur-Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
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Dilshad R, Khan KUR, Ahmad S, Shaik Mohammad AA, Sherif AE, Rao H, Ahmad M, Ghalloo BA, Begum MY. Phytochemical characterization of Typha domingensis and the assessment of therapeutic potential using in vitro and in vivo biological activities and in silico studies. Front Chem 2023; 11:1273191. [PMID: 38025070 PMCID: PMC10663946 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1273191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Typha domingensis, a medicinal plant with significant traditional importance for curing various human diseases, has potentially bioactive compounds but was less explored previously. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of T. domingensis by evaluating the phytochemical profile through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques and its biological activities (in vitro and in vivo) from the methanolic extract derived from the entire plant (TDME). The secondary metabolite profile of TDME regulated by reverse phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (RP-UHPLC-MS) revealed some bioactive compounds by -ve and +ve modes of ionization. The HPLC quantification study showed the precise quantity of polyphenols (p-coumaric acid, 207.47; gallic acid, 96.25; and kaempferol, 95.78 μg/g extract). The enzyme inhibition assays revealed the IC50 of TDME as 44.75 ± 0.51, 52.71 ± 0.01, and 67.19 ± 0.68 µgmL-1, which were significant compared to their respective standards (indomethacin, 18.03 ± 0.12; quercetin, 4.11 ± 0.01; and thiourea, 8.97 ± 0.11) for lipoxygenase, α-glucosidase, and urease, respectively. Safety was assessed by in vitro hemolysis (4.25% ± 0.16% compared to triton × 100, 93.51% ± 0.36%), which was further confirmed (up to 10 g/kg) by an in vivo model of rats. TDME demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) potential in analgesic activity by hot plate and tail immersion tests and anti-inflammatory activity by the carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model. Pain latency decreased significantly, and the anti-inflammatory effect increased in a dose-dependent way. Additionally, in silico molecular docking revealed that 1,3,4,5-tetracaffeoylquinic acid and formononetin 7-O-glucoside-6″-O-malonate possibly contribute to enzyme inhibitory activities due to their higher binding affinities compared to standard inhibitors. An in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicological study also predicted the pharmacokinetics and safety of the chosen compounds identified from TDME. To sum up, it was shown that TDME contains bioactive chemicals and has strong biological activities. The current investigations on T. domingensis could be extended to explore its potential applications in nutraceutical industries and encourage the isolation of novel molecules with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwana Dilshad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Kashif-ur-Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | - Asmaa E. Sherif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz, Al-Khar, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Huma Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Maqsood Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Ghalloo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M. Yasmin Begum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Araújo SAD, Lima ADS, Rocha CQD, Previtalli-Silva H, Hardoim DDJ, Taniwaki NN, Calabrese KDS, Almeida-Souza F, Abreu-Silva AL. In Vitro Antioxidant and Antitrypanosomal Activities of Extract and Fractions of Terminalia catappa. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:895. [PMID: 37508328 PMCID: PMC10376266 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease is a severe infectious and parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and considered a public health problem. Chemotherapeutics are still the main means of control and treatment of the disease, however with some limitations. As an alternative treatment, plants have been pointed out due to their proven pharmacological properties. Many studies carried out with Terminalia catappa have shown several biological activities, but its effect against T. cruzi is still unknown. The objective of this work is to evaluate the therapeutic potential of extracts and fractions obtained from T. catappa on the parasite T. cruzi, in addition to analyzing its antioxidant activity. T. catappa ethyl acetate fraction were produced and submitted the chemical characterization by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). From all T. catappa extracts and fractions evaluated, the ethyl acetate and the aqueous fraction displayed the best antioxidant activity by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method (IC50 of 7.77 ± 1.61 and 5.26 ± 1.26 µg/mL respectively), and by ferric ion reducing (FRAP) method (687.61 ± 0.26 and 1009.32 ± 0.13 µM of Trolox equivalent/mg extract, respectively). The ethyl acetate fraction showed remarkable T. cruzi inhibitory activity with IC50 of 8.86 ± 1.13, 24.91 ± 1.15 and 85.01 ± 1.21 µg/mL against epimastigotes, trypomastigotes and intracellular amastigotes, respectively, and showed no cytotoxicity for Vero cells (CC50 > 1000 µg/mL). The treatment of epimastigotes with the ethyl acetate fraction led to drastic ultrastructural changes such as the loss of cytoplasm organelles, cell disorganization, nucleus damage and the loss of integrity of the parasite. This effect could be due to secondary compounds present in this extract, such as luteolin, kaempferol, quercetin, ellagic acid and derivatives. The ethyl acetate fraction obtained from T. catappa leaves can be an effective alternative in the treatment and control of Chagas disease, and material for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Alves de Araújo
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil
| | - Aldilene da Silva Lima
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Quintino da Rocha
- Laboratório de Química dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil
| | | | - Daiana de Jesus Hardoim
- Laboratório de Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
| | - Noemi Nosomi Taniwaki
- Núcleo de Microscopia Eletrônica, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo 01246-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Kátia da Silva Calabrese
- Laboratório de Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernando Almeida-Souza
- Laboratório de Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, RJ, Brazil
- Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís 65055-310, MA, Brazil
| | - Ana Lucia Abreu-Silva
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil
- Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís 65055-310, MA, Brazil
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Ahmed Khan D, Shahid A, Sherif AE, Aati HY, Abdullah M, Mehmood K, Hussain M, Basit A, Ahmad Ghalloo B, ur Rehman Khan K. A detailed biochemical characterization, toxicological assessment and molecular docking studies of Launaea fragilis: An important medicinal xero-halophyte. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:1047-1060. [PMID: 37250362 PMCID: PMC10212792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Launaea fragilis (Asso) Pau (Family: Asteraceae) is a wild medicinal plant that has been used in the folklore as a potential treatment for numerous ailments such as skin diseases, diarrhea, infected wounds, inflammation, child fever and hepatic pain. This study explored the chemical constitution, in-vivo toxicity, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibition potential of ethanolic extract of L. fragilis (EELF). Additionally, in-silico docking studies of predominant compounds were performed against in-vitro tested enzymes. Similarly, in-silico ADMET properties of the compounds were performed to determine their pharmacokinetics, physicochemical properties, and toxicity profiles. The EELF was found rich in TFC (73.45 ± 0.25 mg QE/g) and TPC (109.02 ± 0.23 mg GAE/g). GC-MS profiling of EELF indicated the presence of a total of 47 compounds mainly fatty acids and essential oil. EELF showed no toxicity or growth retardation in chicks up to 300 mg/kg with no effect on the biochemistry and hematology of the chicks. EELF gave promising antioxidant activity through the CUPRAC method with an IC50 value of 13.14 ± 0.18 µg/ml. The highest inhibition activity against tyrosinase followed by acetylcholinesterase and α-Glucosidase was detected. Similarly, the antimicrobial study revealed the extract with good antibacterial and antiviral activity. A good docking score was observed in the in silico computational study of the predominant compounds. The findings revealed L. fragilis as a biocompatible, potent therapeutic alternative and suggest isolation and further in vivo pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duraiz Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Afia Shahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asmaa E. Sherif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Hanan Y. Aati
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Abdullah
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Musaddique Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Bilal Ahmad Ghalloo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota 55454, MN, USA
| | - Kashif ur Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
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Rizvi SNR, Afzal S, Khan KUR, Aati HY, Rao H, Ghalloo BA, Shahzad MN, Khan DA, Esatbeyoglu T, Korma SA. Chemical Characterisation, Antidiabetic, Antibacterial, and In Silico Studies for Different Extracts of Haloxylon stocksii (Boiss.) Benth: A Promising Halophyte. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093847. [PMID: 37175255 PMCID: PMC10180423 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study is to evaluate the chemical characterisation, and biological and in silico potential of Haloxylon stocksii (Boiss.) Benth, an important halophyte commonly used in traditional medicine. The research focuses on the roots and aerial parts of the plant and extracts them using two solvents: methanol and dichloromethane. Chemical characterisation of the extracts was carried out using total phenolic contents quantification, GC-MS analysis, and LC-MS screening. The results exhibited that the aerial parts of the plant have significantly higher total phenolic content than the roots. The GC-MS and LC-MS analysis of the plant extracts revealed the identification of 18 bioactive compounds in each. The biological evaluation was performed using antioxidant, antibacterial, and in vitro antidiabetic assays. The results exhibited that the aerial parts of the plant have higher antioxidant and in vitro antidiabetic activity than the roots. Additionally, the aerial parts of the plant were most effective against Gram-positive bacteria. Molecular docking was done to evaluate the binding affinity (BA) of the bioactive compounds characterised by GC-MS with diabetic enzymes used in the in vitro assay. The results showed that the BA of γ-sitosterol was better than that of acarbose, which is used as a standard in the in vitro assay. Overall, this study suggests that the extract from aerial parts of H. stocksii using methanol as a solvent have better potential as a new medicinal plant and can provide a new aspect to develop more potent medications. The research findings contribute to the scientific data of the medicinal properties of Haloxylon stocksii and provide a basis for further evaluation of its potential as a natural remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Nabil Raza Rizvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Samina Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Kashif-Ur-Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Hanan Y Aati
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huma Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Ghalloo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Duraiz Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Department of Food Development and Food Quality, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sameh A Korma
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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Rao H, Ahmad S, Y.Aati H, Basit A, Ahmad I, Ahmad Ghalloo B, Nadeem Shehzad M, Nazar R, Zeeshan M, Nasim J, ur Rehman Khan K. Phytochemical screening, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies of aerial parts of Trigonella hamosa (branched Fenugreek). ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
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12
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Khan MS, Adnan Q, Akhtar N. Profiling of phytochemicals using LC-ESI-MS 2 , in vitro, in vivo characterization and cosmeceutical effects of Alpinia galanga (wild) extract loaded emulgel. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:1628-1641. [PMID: 36718832 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential as a depigmenting agent, sun protection, and healthy benefits is indicated by the sun protection factor, radical scavenging, and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of Alpinia galanga (wild). AIMS A stable emulgel containing A .galanga (wild) extract is prepared. This emulgel is then characterized by in vitro evaluation and identification of contents by LC-ESI-MS2 . In vivo performance is counted in terms of moisturizing, melanin level, erythema, sebum, skin fine pores and large pores analysis, and other related physiological skin parameters. METHODS DPPH radical scavenging activity, total phenolic and flavonoid counts were used to measure the free radical scavenging and tyrosinase inhibitory capability of A .galanga (wild) extract, respectively. LC-ESI-MS2 used for phytochemical analysis. Emulgels synthesize, and their globule size, Ultracentrifugation, pH, and conductivity were all evaluated. Among the developed formulations, the optimal emulgels formulation underwent 90-day stability tests for organoleptic characteristics and rheology at 8°C, 25°C, 40°C, and 40°C + 75% RH (relative humidity). Using sebumeter®, mexameter®, and corneometer®, changes in skin physiological parameters were assessed over the course of 12 weeks in 13 healthy male, Asian volunteers. VisioFace® is used for computational analysis of high-resolution pictures to determine the % area, fine pore counts, and large pore counts of the skin. RESULTS The antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory potential and counts of total phenolic and flavonoids of A .galanga (wild) extract were impressive (85%, 75%, and 48.0 mg GAE/g and 14.37 mg quercetin/g, respectively). In terms of stability evaluation, globule size (0.7528 ± 0.192 μm). Optimized A .galanga (wild) ethanol aqueous (AGEA) extract loaded emulgel was stable in terms of organoleptic and in vitro evaluation. The AGEA formulation significantly reduced the amount of sebum, erythema, fine pore counts, large pore counts, fine pore % area and large pores area percentage while significantly improved the moisture and elasticity of the skin. CONCLUSION A stable A .galanga (wild) extract loaded emulgel was successfully produced that improved the skin physiological parameters in terms of skin's sebum, erythema, moisturizing, melanin, and pores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qazi Adnan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Basit A, Ahmad S, Khan KUR, Aati HY, Sherif AE, Ovatlarnporn C, Khan S, Rao H, Arshad MA, Shahzad MN, Perveen S. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potential of Cardamine amara L. (Brassicaceae): A comprehensive biochemical, toxicological, and in silico computational study. Front Chem 2023; 10:1077581. [PMID: 36688045 PMCID: PMC9853444 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1077581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cardamine amara L. (Brassicaceae) is an important edible plant with ethnomedicinal significance. This study aimed at evaluating the phytochemical composition, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cytotoxicity aspects of the hydro-alcoholic extract of C. amara (HAECA). Methods: The phytochemical composition was evaluated through total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC) determination and UPLC-QTOF-MS profiling. Anti-inflammatory evaluation of HAECA was carried out through the carrageenan induced paw edema model. Four in vitro methods were applied in the antioxidant evaluation of HAECA. MTT assay was used to investigate the toxicity profile of the species against human normal liver cells (HL7702), human liver cancer cell lines (HepG2) and human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). Three major compounds (Gentisic acid, skullcapflavone and conidendrine) identified in UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis were selected for in silico study against cyclooxygenase (COX-I and COX-II). Results and Discussion: The findings revealed that HAECA is rich in TPC (39.32 ± 2.3 mg GAE/g DE) and TFC (17.26 ± 0.8 mg RE/g DE). A total of 21 secondary metabolites were tentatively identified in UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis. In the MTT cytotoxicity assay, the extract showed low toxicity against normal cell lines, while significant anticancer activity was observed against human liver and breast cancer cells. The carrageenan induced inflammation was inhibited by HAECA in a dose dependent manner and showed a marked alleviation in the levels of oxidative stress (catalase, SOD, GSH) and inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β). Similarly, HAECA showed maximum antioxidant activity through the Cupric reducing power antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assay (31.21 ± 0.3 mg TE/g DE). The in silico study revealed a significant molecular docking score of the three studied compounds against COX-I and COX-I. Conclusively the current study encourages the use of C. amara as a novel polyphenolic rich source with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential and warrants further investigations on its toxicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand,Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Kashif ur Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Kashif ur Rehman Khan, ; Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn, ; Shagufta Perveen,
| | - Hanan Y. Aati
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa E. Sherif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand,Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand,*Correspondence: Kashif ur Rehman Khan, ; Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn, ; Shagufta Perveen,
| | - Safiullah Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Huma Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adeel Arshad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Kashif ur Rehman Khan, ; Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn, ; Shagufta Perveen,
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Ahmed M, Khan KUR, Ahmad S, Aati HY, Sherif AE, Ashkan MF, Alrahimi J, Abdullah Motwali E, Imran Tousif M, Abbas Khan M, Hussain M, Umair M, Ghalloo BA, Korma SA. Phytochemical, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, thrombolytic, antibacterial, antiviral and in silico studies of Acacia jacquemontii leaves. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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15
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Nisar R, Ahmad S, Khan KUR, Sherif AE, Alasmari F, Almuqati AF, Ovatlarnporn C, Khan MA, Umair M, Rao H, Ghalloo BA, Khurshid U, Dilshad R, Nassar KS, Korma SA. Metabolic Profiling by GC-MS, In Vitro Biological Potential, and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies of Verbena officinalis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196685. [PMID: 36235221 PMCID: PMC9573548 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Verbena officinalis L. is a traditionally important medicinal herb that has a rich source of bioactive phytoconstituents with biological benefits. The objective of this study was to assess the metabolic profile and in vitro biological potential of V. officinalis. The bioactive phytoconstituents were evaluated by preliminary phytochemical studies, estimation of polyphenolic contents, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of all fractions (crude methanolic, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) of V. officinalis. The biological investigation was performed by different assays including antioxidant assays (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, and FRAP), enzyme inhibition assays (urease and α-glucosidase), and hemolytic activity. The ethyl acetate extract had the maximum concentration of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents (394.30 ± 1.09 mg GAE·g-1 DE and 137.35 ± 0.94 mg QE·g-1 DE, respectively). Significant antioxidant potential was observed in all fractions by all four antioxidant methods. Maximum urease inhibitory activity in terms of IC50 value was shown by ethyl acetate fraction (10 ± 1.60 µg mL-1) in comparison to standard hydroxy urea (9.8 ± 1.20 µg·mL-1). The n-hexane extract showed good α-glucosidase inhibitory efficacy (420 ± 20 µg·mL-1) as compared to other extract/fractions. Minimum hemolytic activity was found in crude methanolic fraction (6.5 ± 0.94%) in comparison to positive standard Triton X-100 (93.5 ± 0.48%). The GC-MS analysis of all extract/fractions of V. officinalis including crude methanolic, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions, resulted in the identification of 24, 56, 25, and 9 bioactive compounds, respectively, with 80% quality index. Furthermore, the bioactive compounds identified by GC-MS were analyzed using in silico molecular docking studies to determine the binding affinity between ligands and enzymes (urease and α-glucosidase). In conclusion, V. officinalis possesses multiple therapeutical potentials, and further research is needed to explore its use in the treatment of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Nisar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, College of Sciences and Mathematics, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72404, USA
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Kashif-ur-Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (K.-u.-R.K.); (M.U.); Tel.: +92-33-6670-8638 (K.-u.-R.K.); +86-177-1291-5202 (M.U.)
| | - Asmaa E. Sherif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf F. Almuqati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Mohsin Abbas Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Correspondence: (K.-u.-R.K.); (M.U.); Tel.: +92-33-6670-8638 (K.-u.-R.K.); +86-177-1291-5202 (M.U.)
| | - Huma Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Ghalloo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Umair Khurshid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Rizwana Dilshad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Khaled S. Nassar
- Department of Food, Dairy Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Sameh A. Korma
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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Chemical Profiling, Formulation Development, In Vitro Evaluation and Molecular Docking of Piper nigrum Seeds Extract Loaded Emulgel for Anti-Aging. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185990. [PMID: 36144719 PMCID: PMC9504714 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Emulgel is a new innovatory technique for drug development permitting controlled release of active ingredients for topical administration. We report a stable emulgel of 4% Piper nigrum extract (PNE) prepared using 80% ethanol. The PNE-loaded formulation had an antioxidant activity of 84% and tyrosinase inhibition was 82%. Prepared formulation rendered spherical-shaped globules with high zeta potential (−45.5 mV) indicative of a stable system. Total phenolic contents were 58.01 mg GAE/g of dry extract whereas total flavonoid content was 52.63 mg QE/g of dry extract. Sun protection factor for PNE-loaded emulgel was 7.512 and formulation was stable without any evidence of physical and chemical changes following 90 days of storage. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) revealed seventeen bioactive compounds in the PNE including monoterpenoids, triterpenoids, a tertiary alcohol, fatty acid esters, and phytosterols. In silico studies of GC-MS identified compounds show higher binding affinity in comparison to standard kojic acid indicating tyrosinase inhibition. It can be concluded that PNE-loaded emulgel had prominent antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition and can be utilized as a promising topical system for anti-aging skin formulation.
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Dilshad R, Khan KUR, Saeed L, Sherif AE, Ahmad S, Ovatlarnporn C, Nasim J, Hussain M, Ghalloo BA, Basit A, Mukhtar I. Chemical Composition and Biological Evaluation of Typha domingensis Pers. to Ameliorate Health Pathologies: In Vitro and In Silico Approaches. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8010395. [PMID: 35872856 PMCID: PMC9303136 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8010395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Human diseases are becoming more prevalent, necessitating the development of modalities to overcome the challenges of treating various disorders. In the current research, we analyzed the biomedicinal role of Typha domingensis which is an important medicinal plant. The species is traditionally used in the treatment of neurological disorders and skin malignancies. The chloroform (CFTD) and n-butanol fractions of T. domingensis (BFTD) were subjected to chemical profiling through the determination of total polyphenolic contents and GC-MS analysis. The oral toxicity test was applied to investigate the toxicity of the extracts. Antioxidant capacity was analyzed by four in vitro methods: DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC. The pharmacological potential was evaluated through clinically significant enzyme inhibition assays, thrombolytic, and antimicrobial activities. In silico molecular docking approach was applied to confirm the role of T. domingensis against the enzymes. The polyphenolic quantification revealed that the BFTD was comparatively rich in total phenolic and flavonoid contents (97.14 milligrams gallic acid equivalent (mg GAE/g) and 362.5 milligrams quercetin equivalent per gram of dry extract (mg QE/g DE), respectively), as compared to the CFTD. The GC-MS analysis of the CFTD and BFTD resulted in the tentative identification of 67 and 29 compounds, respectively, with the major components of fatty acids and essential oil. The oral toxicity test revealed the safety and biocompatibility of CFTD and BFTD. Both the fractions showed promising antioxidant activity. Tyrosinase was found as the major enzyme inhibited by BFTD (78.67%) and CFTD (68.09%), whereas the standard kojic acid showed 85.58% inhibition. The inhibition results of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase by BFTD (71.65 and 60.79%, respectively) are higher than CFTD. Both the fractions were found active against various strains of bacteria. Furthermore, the molecular docking studies of the compounds showed a good docking score against all the docked enzymes among which deoxycaesaldekarin C was found with the highest binding affinities in comparison to the standard. The current study suggests that T. domingensis is nontoxic and can be a potential source of phytoconstituents with promising pharmacological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwana Dilshad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Kashif-ur-Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Laiba Saeed
- Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asmaa E. Sherif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Jawad Nasim
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Musaddique Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Ghalloo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Basit
- Quaid-e-Azam College of Pharmacy, Quaid-e-Azam Educational Complex, Sahiwal, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Imran Mukhtar
- Sir Sadiq Muhammad Khan Abbasi Post Graduate Medical College, Faculty of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
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