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Joseph B, Babu S. Effect of Organic and Chemical Fertilizer on the Diversity of Rhizosphere and Leaf Microbial Composition in Sunflower Plant. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:331. [PMID: 39198293 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Applying organic manure to crops positively impacts the soil microbial community which is negatively impacted when chemical fertilizers are used. Organic manures also add new microbes to the soil in addition to influencing the growth of native ones. Metagenomic analysis of different organic manures, soil, and pot culture experiments conducted under various fertilizer conditions constitute the primary methodologies employed in this study. We compared the effect of two organic manure combinations and an inorganic fertilizer combination on microbial community of rhizosphere soil and leaves of sunflower plants. Metagenomic sequencing data analysis revealed that the diversity of bacteria and fungi is higher in organic manure than in chemical fertilizers. Each organic manure combination selectively increased population of some specific microbes and supported new microbes. Application of chemical fertilizer hurts many plant beneficial fungi and bacteria. In summary, our study points out the superiority of organic manure combinations in enhancing microbial diversity and supporting beneficial microbes. These findings enhance the profound influence of fertilizer types on sunflower microbial communities, shedding light on the intricate dynamics within the rhizosphere and leaf microbiome. Bacterial genera such as Bacillus, Serratia, Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Methylobacterium, Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, and fungal genera such as Wallemia, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Penicillium constitute the key microbes of sunflower plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babitha Joseph
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Subramanian Babu
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning (VAIAL), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India.
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Sajid M, Shah ST, Basit A, Ahmed A, Ullah I, Jawad Shah S, Khan F, Mohamed HI. Enhancement of Yield, Essential Oils, and Active Ingredients of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) by Application of Organic Manures (Farmyard and Poultry Manure). GESUNDE PFLANZEN 2023; 75:525-538. [DOI: 10.1007/s10343-022-00717-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
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3
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Abdel-Aty MS, Sorour FA, Yehia WMB, Kotb HMK, Abdelghany AM, Lamlom SF, Shah AN, Abdelsalam NR. Estimating the combining ability and genetic parameters for growth habit, yield, and fiber quality traits in some Egyptian cotton crosses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:121. [PMID: 36859186 PMCID: PMC9979479 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04131-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It is crucial to understand how targeted traits in a hybrid breeding program are influenced by gene activity and combining ability. During the three growing seasons of 2015, 2016, and 2017, a field study was conducted with twelve cotton genotypes, comprised of four testers and eight lines. Thirty-two F1 crosses were produced in the 2015 breeding season using the line x tester mating design. The twelve genotypes and their thirty-two F1 crosses were then evaluated in 2016 and 2017. The results demonstrated highly significant differences among cotton genotypes for all the studied traits, showing a wide range of genetic diversity in the parent genotypes. Additionally, the line-x-tester interaction was highly significant for all traits, suggesting the impact of both additive and non-additive variations in gene expression. Furthermore, the thirty-two cotton crosses showed high seed cotton output, lint cotton yield, and fiber quality, such as fiber length values exceeding 31 mm and a fiber strength above 10 g/tex. Accordingly, selecting lines and testers with high GCA effects and crosses with high SCA effects would be an effective approach to improve the desired traits in cotton and develop new varieties with excellent yield and fiber quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Abdel-Aty
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - F A Sorour
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - W M B Yehia
- Cotton Breeding Department, Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - H M K Kotb
- Cotton Breeding Department, Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abdelghany
- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22516, Egypt
| | - Sobhi F Lamlom
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, 64200, Pakistan.
| | - Nader R Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt.
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Gohar IMA, Alyamani A, Shafi ME, Mohamed EAE, Ghareeb RY, Desoky EM, Hasan ME, Zaitoun AF, Abdelsalam NR, El-Tarabily KA, Elnahal ASM. A quantitative and qualitative assessment of sugar beet genotype resistance to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:966377. [PMID: 36714787 PMCID: PMC9881751 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.966377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sugar beet productivity is highly constrained by the root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita. Eight sugar beet genotypes were screened under greenhouse conditions for their susceptibility to M. incognita according to an adapted quantitative scheme for assignment Canto-Saenz's host suitability (resistance) designations (AQSCS). Besides, the degree of susceptibility or tolerance of the examined genotypes was recorded by the modified host-parasite index (MHPI) scale based on yield performance. In addition, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was also determined. Sugar beet genotypes have been classified into four categories for their susceptibility or tolerance according to the AQSCS scale. The first category, the moderately resistant (MR) group implies only one variety named SVH 2015, which did not support nematode reproduction (RF≤1), and had less root damage (GI≈2). Second, the tolerant group (T) involving Lilly and Halawa KWS supported fairly high nematode reproduction (RF>1) with relatively plant damage (GI≤2). Whereas the susceptible (S) category involved four varieties, FARIDA, Lammia KWS, Polat, and Capella, which supported nematode reproduction factor (RF>1) with high plant damage (GI>2). The fourth category refers to the highly susceptible (HYS) varieties such as Natura KWS that showed (RF≤1) and very high plant damage (GI>2). However, the MHPI scale showed that Lammia KWS variety was shifted from the (S) category to the (T) category. Results revealed significant differences among genotypes regarding disease severity, yield production, and quality traits. The SVH 2015 variety exhibited the lowest disease index values concerning population density with 800/250 cm3 soils, RF=2, root damage/gall index (GI=1.8), gall size (GS=2.3), gall area (GA=3.7), damage index (DI=3.4), susceptibility rate (SR=2.4), and MHP index (MHPI=2.5). However, Lammia KWS showed the highest disease index values regarding population density with 8890/250 cm3 soils, RF= 22.2, GI= 4.8, and SR= 14.1. Meanwhile, Natura KWS the highest GS, GA and MHPI with 7.1, 8 and 20.9, respectively. The lowest DI was achieved by Capella (DI= 6) followed by Lammia KWS (DI= 5.9). For yield production, and quality traits, SVH 2015 exhibited the lowest reductions of sugar yields/beet's root with 11.1%. While Natura KWS had the highest reduction with 79.3%, as well as it showed the highest reduction in quality traits; including sucrose, T.S.S, and purity with 65, 27.3, and 51.9%, respectively. The amino acid alignment and prediction of the DNA sequences revealed the presence of five SNPs among all sugar beet verities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M. A. Gohar
- Sugar Crops Research Institute, Department of Sugar Crops Disease and Pests Research, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amal Alyamani
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal E. Shafi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Zoology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elshaimaa A. E. Mohamed
- Sugar Crops Research Institute, Department of Genetic and Breeding, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rehab Y. Ghareeb
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, The City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Elsayed M. Desoky
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Hasan
- Bioinformatic Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Amera F. Zaitoun
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nader R. Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Khaled A. El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Ahmed S. M. Elnahal
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Harhash MM, Ahamed MMM, Mosa WFA. Mango performance as affected by the soil application of zeolite and biochar under water salinity stresses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:87144-87156. [PMID: 35802319 PMCID: PMC9671989 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21503-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out during two consecutive seasons, 2020 and 2021, on 12-year-old mango (Mangifera indica L.). cv. Ewaise grown in region Idku, El Beheira Governorate, Egypt. The trees were planted at 5 × 4 m apart and grafted on "Sokary" root stock to study the influence of zeolite and biochar on growth, yield, and fruit quality of "Ewaise" mango cultivar irrigated by agricultural drainage water. The trees were treated by the following treatments: zeolite or biochar solely at 1, 2, and 3 kg for tree and their different combinations such as 1 kg zeolite + 1 kg biochar; 1 kg zeolite + 2 kg biochar; 1 kg zeolite + 3 kg biochar; 2 kg zeolite + 1 kg biochar; 2 kg zeolite + 2 kg biochar; 2 kg zeolite + 3 kg biochar; 3 kg zeolite + 1 kg biochar; 3 kg zeolite + 2 kg biochar; and 3 kg zeolite + 3 kg biochar as well as control zero soil application. The obtained results showed that the soil application of zeolite or biochar gave a positive effect on improving the soil characteristics which reflects on the tree trunk thickness, shoot length and thickness, number of inflorescences, yield in kg per tree, and fruit quality. The greatest positive effect on the previous mentioned parameters was obtained by the combined application of the soil application of 2 kg zeolite + 3 kg biochar; 2 kg zeolite + 2 kg biochar; 3 kg zeolite + 2 kg biochar; and 3 kg zeolite + 3 kg biochar over the rest-applied treatments or control in the two seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Harhash
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture-Pomology), Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Saba Basha, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
| | - Masoud M M Ahamed
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture-Pomology), Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Saba Basha, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
| | - Walid F A Mosa
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture-Pomology), Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Saba Basha, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt.
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Omar AF, Abdelmageed AHA, Al-Turki A, Abdelhameid NM, Sayyed RZ, Rehan M. Exploring the Plant Growth-Promotion of Four Streptomyces Strains from Rhizosphere Soil to Enhance Cucumber Growth and Yield. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11233316. [PMID: 36501356 PMCID: PMC9737303 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The genus Streptomyces is the most abundant and essential microbes in the soil microbial community. Streptomyces are familiar and have great potential to produce a large variety of bioactive compounds. This genus considers an efficient biofertilizer based on its plant growth-promoting activities. Based on their ability to produce a wide varieties of bioactive molecules, the present study aimed to explore the potential plant growth promotion of four Streptomyces strains and their role in enhancing cucumber growth and yield under greenhouse conditions. Streptomyces sp. strain HM2, Streptomyces thinghirensis strain HM3, Streptomyces sp. strain HM8, and Streptomyces tricolor strain HM10 were chosen for the current study. Plant growth-promoting (PGP) features, i.e., indole acetic acid (IAA) production, siderophore excretion, and solubilizing phosphate, were evaluated in vitro. All four strains produced IAA, siderophore, and immobilized inorganic phosphate. Following 4 days of incubation at 30 °C, strains HM2, HM3, HM8, and HM10 produced copious amounts of IAA (18, 22, 62, and 146 µg/mL, respectively) and siderophores (42.59, 40.01, 16.84, 64.14% SU, respectively). At the same time, P solubilization efficacy scored 64.3%, 84.4%, 57.2%, and 81.6% with the same frequency. During in planta evaluation, selected Streptomyces strains combined with rock phosphate were assessed as biofertilizers on the growth and yield of cucumber plants. Under all treatments, positive and significant differences in studied traits were manifested except dry stem matter (SDM), net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR), and fruit firmness (FF). Treatment T4 (rock phosphate + strain HM3) followed by T5 (rock phosphate + strain HM8) revealed the best results for plant height (PH), number of leaves per plant (NLPP), root length (RL), number of fruits per plant (NFPP), fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD), fruit fresh weight per plant (FFWPP), soil P (SP) after 21 DAT, and soil P at the end of the experiment. Notably, T6 (rock phosphate + strain HM10) caused a considerable increase in leaf area (LA). Plant growth-promoting bacteria enhance plant growth and yield through phosphorus solubilizing, improve nutrient availability, produce phytohormones, and support plant growth under abiotic stress. These features are important for sustainable agriculture and reducing environmental pollution with chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman F. Omar
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab, EPCRS Excellence Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Adil H. A. Abdelmageed
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Horticulture, University of Khartoum, Shambat, Khartoum North 13314, Sudan
| | - Ahmad Al-Turki
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha M. Abdelhameid
- Desert Research Center (DRC), Soil Fertility and Microbiology Department, Cairo 11753, Egypt
| | - R. Z. Sayyed
- PSGVP Mandal’s S I Patil Arts, G B Patel Science & STKVS Commerce College, Shahada 425409, India
| | - Medhat Rehan
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
- Correspondence: or
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Abdel-Aty MS, Youssef-Soad A, Yehia WMB, EL-Nawsany RTE, Kotb HMK, Ahmed GA, Hasan ME, Salama EAA, Lamlom SF, Saleh FH, Shah AN, Abdelsalam NR. Genetic analysis of yield traits in Egyptian cotton crosses (Gossypium barbdense L.) under normal conditions. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:462. [PMID: 36167520 PMCID: PMC9513887 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To generate high-yielding cultivars with favorable fiber quality traits, cotton breeders can use information about combining ability and gene activity within a population to locate elite parents and potential F1 crosses. To this end, in the current study, twelve cotton parents (eight genotypes as female parents and four testers) and their F1 crosses obtained utilizing the linex tester mating design were evaluated for their general and specialized combining abilities (GCA and SCA, respectively) of yield traits. The findings showed that for all the investigated variables, variances owing to genotypes, parents, crosses, and parent vs cross showed extremely significant (P ≤ 0.01) differences. Additionally, throughout the course of two growing seasons, the mean squares for genotypes (parents and crosses) showed strong significance for all the variables under study. The greatest and most desired means for all the examined qualities were in the parent G.94, Pima S6, and tester G.86. The best crossings for the qualities examined were G.86 (G.89 × G.86), G.93 × Suvin, and G.86 × Suvin. The parents' Suvin, G89x G86 and TNB were shown to have the most desired general combining ability effects for seed cotton yield/plant, lint yield/plant, boll weight, number of bolls/plants, and lint index, while Suvin, G.96 and pima S6 were preferred for favored lint percentage. For seed cotton yield, lint percentage, boll weight, and number of bolls per plant per year, the cross-G.86 x (G.89 × G.86) displayed highly significant specific combining ability impacts. The crosses G.86 × Suvin, Kar x TNB, G.93 × Suvin, and G.93 × TNB for all the studied traits for each year and their combined were found to have highly significant positive heterotic effects relative to better parent, and they could be used in future cotton breeding programs for improving the studied traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Abdel-Aty
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - A Youssef-Soad
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - W. M. B. Yehia
- Cotton Breeding Department, Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - R. T. E. EL-Nawsany
- Cotton Breeding Department, Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - H. M. K. Kotb
- Cotton Breeding Department, Cotton Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gamal A. Ahmed
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Hasan
- Bioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ehab A. A. Salama
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531 Egypt
| | - Sobhi F. Lamlom
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531 Egypt
| | - Fouad H. Saleh
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531 Egypt
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200 Punjab Pakistan
| | - Nader R. Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531 Egypt
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Retraction: Influence of organic manures on soil nutrient content, microbial population, yield and quality parameters of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. Bhagwa. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273488. [PMID: 36044433 PMCID: PMC9432676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Sabra MA, Alaidaroos BA, Jastaniah SD, Heflish AI, Ghareeb RY, Mackled MI, El-Saadony MT, Abdelsalam NR, Conte-Junior CA. Comparative Effect of Commercially Available Nanoparticles on Soil Bacterial Community and “Botrytis fabae” Caused Brown Spot: In vitro and in vivo Experiment. Front Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.934031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study revealed the possible effects of various levels of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) application on plant diseases and soil microbial diversity. It investigated the comparison between the application of AgNPs and two commercial nanoproducts (Zn and FeNPs) on the rhizobacterial population and Botrytis fabae. Two experiments were conducted. The first studied the influence of 13 AgNP concentration on soil bacterial diversity besides two other commercial nanoparticles, ZnNPs (2,000 ppm) and FeNPs (2,500 ppm), used for comparison and application on onion seedlings. The second experiment was designed to determine the antifungal activity of previous AgNP concentrations (150, 200, 250, 300, 400, and 500 ppm) against B. fabae, tested using commercial fungicide as control. The results obtained from both experiments revealed the positive impact of AgNPs on the microbial community, representing a decrease in both the soil microbial biomass and the growth of brown spot disease, affecting microbial community composition, including bacteria, fungi, and biological varieties. In contrast, the two commercial products displayed lower effects compared to AgNPs. This result clearly showed that the AgNPs strongly inhibited the plant pathogen B. fabae growth and development, decreasing the number of bacteria (cfu/ml) and reducing the rhizosphere. Using AgNPs as an antimicrobial agent in the agricultural domain is recommended.
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Mosa WFA, Abd EL-Megeed NA, Ali MM, Abada HS, Ali HM, Siddiqui MH, Sas-Paszt L. Preharvest Foliar Applications of Citric Acid, Gibberellic Acid and Humic Acid Improve Growth and Fruit Quality of ‘Le Conte’ Pear (Pyrus communis L.). HORTICULTURAE 2022; 8:507. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8060507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
A two-year (2020-21) study was conducted to investigate the possibility of relying of ten-years old pear trees grown on sandy loam soil irrigated by drip on citric acid (CA), gibberellic acid (GA3) and humic acid (HA). The CA was applied at the concentrations of 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm, GA3 at 50, 100 and 150 ppm and HA at 3, 4 and 5%, whereas water spray was used as the control. The results of our study proved that CA, GA3 and HA improved the shoot length, shoot thickness, leaf area and leaf chlorophyll of pear as compared with the control. Moreover, they also positively increased the fruit set percentage and final yield of ‘Le Conte’ pear. The fruit weight, size and firmness were also improved under the influence of aforementioned treatments. The fruit soluble solids, total sugars, leaf nitrogen, leaf phosphorus and leaf potassium of pear were also enhanced as compared with the control. Additionally, spraying of GA3 at 150 ppm, as well as, HA at 5 and 4% were the superior treatments and showed the most significant impact on plant growth, yield, fruit quality and leaf mineral content of pear. This study provides a basis for the future elucidation of HA-, GA3- and CA-modulated molecular mechanisms in pear, which can make a significant contribution in the scientific community.
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