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Isakova M, Oparina O, Belousov A, Lysova Y. Pharmacological composition based on bacteriocinnisin in experiments in vitro and in vivo. Open Vet J 2024; 14:1370-1383. [PMID: 39055763 PMCID: PMC11268911 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i6.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Antibiotic resistance is a global health problem related to the transmission of bacteria and genes between humans and animals. The development of new drugs with antimicrobial activity research is an urgent task of modern science. Aim The article presents data of in vitro and in vivo experiments on new pharmaceutical composition based on nisin. Methods The antimicrobial activity was studied on the mastitis pathogens. To identify microorganisms the Matrix-Assisted Lazer Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) (mass spectrometry) method was performed using. To determine sensitivity, the serial dilution method and the diffusion method were used. On laboratory animals, biochemical, hematological, and histological research methods were used. Female nonlinear white laboratory rats were used, which were divided into one control group and three experimental ones. Results "Duration" factor was statistically significant for the following indicators: hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, lymphocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and eosinophils. The "Dose" factor did not show significance for any indicator, which means that the effect was similar regardless of the dose chosen. When analyzing the biochemical indicators, significant differences were found in the "Duration" and "Dose" factors, in the direction of a decrease in the indicators of total protein, globulins, urea, and an increase in the concentration of alkaline phosphatase. When conducting histological studies in the first experimental group, it was established that there were no changes in the structural and functional units of the organs. In animals of the second experimental group, the presence of reversible pathological processes of a compensatory nature was noted. More profound changes in the structure of the studied organs were recorded in the third experimental group. Conclusion An in vitro study on cell cultures showed that the pharmacological composition has high antimicrobial activity against isolates from the mammary gland secretion of cows with mastitis. An in vivo study on laboratory animals showed that the developed composition belongs to the IV class of substances "low-hazard substances". Histological examination made it possible to select the safest dose of the pharmacological composition of no more than 500 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isakova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Oparina
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Belousov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Yana Lysova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
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Wataradee S, Boonserm T, Samngamnim S, Ajariyakhajorn K. Characterization of Virulence Factors and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococcus agalactiae Associated with Bovine Mastitis Cases in Thailand. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:447. [PMID: 38338090 PMCID: PMC10854646 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae is a contagious pathogen that causes bovine mastitis. The ability of S. agalactiae to cause widespread mastitis relies on bacterial virulence factors. In this study, we detected 10 virulence determinants associated with mastitis pathogenicity using conventional PCR. The antimicrobial susceptibility of 100 S. agalactiae isolates from 13 Thai dairy herds was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test. All strains had at least three virulence factors responsible for invasion, adhesion, and infection (fbsB, bibA, and cfb, respectively). The predominant virulent profile of S. agalactiae strains revealed the presence of fbsA, fbsB, bibA, cfb, and cyl (n = 96). Most strains were sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, ceftiofur, erythromycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and vancomycin. However, all strains were resistant to aminoglycosides, including kanamycin and gentamicin attributed to the unnecessary antimicrobial use. Furthermore, we identified seven multidrug resistant (MDR) S. agalactiae strains among four dairy herds, of which, two were vancomycin resistant. Our study provides profiles for virulence factors and antimicrobial susceptibility, which are beneficial for the clinical monitoring, prevention, and control of bovine mastitis in dairy cattle in Thailand. Moreover, we emphasize the need for awareness regarding the judicious use of antimicrobials on dairy farms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kittisak Ajariyakhajorn
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (S.W.); (T.B.); (S.S.)
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Algharib SA, Dawood AS, Huang L, Guo A, Zhao G, Zhou K, Li C, Liu J, Gao X, Luo W, Xie S. Basic concepts, recent advances, and future perspectives in the diagnosis of bovine mastitis. J Vet Sci 2024; 25:e18. [PMID: 38311330 PMCID: PMC10839174 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is one of the most widespread infectious diseases that adversely affects the profitability of the dairy industry worldwide. Accurate diagnosis and identification of pathogens early to cull infected animals and minimize the spread of infection in herds is critical for improving treatment effects and dairy farm welfare. The major pathogens causing mastitis and pathogenesis are assessed first. The most recent and advanced strategies for detecting mastitis, including genomics and proteomics approaches, are then evaluated . Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of each technique, potential research directions, and future perspectives are reported. This review provides a theoretical basis to help veterinarians select the most sensitive, specific, and cost-effective approach for detecting bovine mastitis early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Attia Algharib
- Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry & Science Technology of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps., Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, QG, Egypt
| | - Ali Sobhy Dawood
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Lingli Huang
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhou
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Chao Li
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jinhuan Liu
- Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
| | - Xin Gao
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Lu Zhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Wanhe Luo
- Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry & Science Technology of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps., Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China.
| | - Shuyu Xie
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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Pathak RK, Kim JM. Identification of histidine kinase inhibitors through screening of natural compounds to combat mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae in dairy cattle. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:59. [PMID: 37752501 PMCID: PMC10523694 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00378-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mastitis poses a major threat to dairy farms globally; it results in reduced milk production, increased treatment costs, untimely compromised genetic potential, animal deaths, and economic losses. Streptococcus agalactiae is a highly virulent bacteria that cause mastitis. The administration of antibiotics for the treatment of this infection is not advised due to concerns about the emergence of antibiotic resistance and potential adverse effects on human health. Thus, there is a critical need to identify new therapeutic approaches to combat mastitis. One promising target for the development of antibacterial therapies is the transmembrane histidine kinase of bacteria, which plays a key role in signal transduction pathways, secretion systems, virulence, and antibiotic resistance. RESULTS In this study, we aimed to identify novel natural compounds that can inhibit transmembrane histidine kinase. To achieve this goal, we conducted a virtual screening of 224,205 natural compounds, selecting the top ten based on their lowest binding energy and favorable protein-ligand interactions. Furthermore, molecular docking of eight selected antibiotics and five histidine kinase inhibitors with transmembrane histidine kinase was performed to evaluate the binding energy with respect to top-screened natural compounds. We also analyzed the ADMET properties of these compounds to assess their drug-likeness. The top two compounds (ZINC000085569031 and ZINC000257435291) and top-screened antibiotics (Tetracycline) that demonstrated a strong binding affinity were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations (100 ns), free energy landscape, and binding free energy calculations using the MM-PBSA method. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the selected natural compounds have the potential to serve as effective inhibitors of transmembrane histidine kinase and can be utilized for the development of novel antibacterial veterinary medicine for mastitis after further validation through clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Pathak
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Mo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea.
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Morales-Ubaldo AL, Rivero-Perez N, Valladares-Carranza B, Velázquez-Ordoñez V, Delgadillo-Ruiz L, Zaragoza-Bastida A. Bovine mastitis, a worldwide impact disease: Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and viable alternative approaches. Vet Anim Sci 2023; 21:100306. [PMID: 37547227 PMCID: PMC10400929 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is globally considered one of the most important diseases within dairy herds, mainly due to the associated economic losses. The most prevalent etiology are bacteria, classified into contagious and environmental, with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most common pathogens associated with mastitis cases. To date these pathogens are resistant to the most common active ingredients used for mastitis treatment. According to recent studies resistance to new antimicrobials has increased, which is why developing of alternative treatments is imperative. Therefore the present review aims to summarize the reports about bovine mastitis along 10 years, emphasizing bacterial etiology, its epidemiology, and the current situation of antimicrobial resistance, as well as the development of alternative treatments for this pathology. Analyzed data showed that the prevalence of major pathogens associated with bovine mastitis varied according to geographical region. Moreover, these pathogens are classified as multidrug-resistant, since the effectiveness of antimicrobials on them has decreased. To date, several studies have focused on the research of alternative treatments, among them vegetal extracts, essential oils, or peptides. Some other works have reported the application of nanotechnology and polymers against bacteria associated with bovine mastitis. Results demonstrated that these alternatives may be effective on bacteria associated with bovine mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lizet Morales-Ubaldo
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, C.P 43660, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Nallely Rivero-Perez
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, C.P 43660, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Valladares-Carranza
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Km 15.5 Carretera Panamericana Toluca-Atlacomulco, C.P. 50200 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Valente Velázquez-Ordoñez
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Km 15.5 Carretera Panamericana Toluca-Atlacomulco, C.P. 50200 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Lucía Delgadillo-Ruiz
- Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, CP. 98068, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, C.P 43660, Hidalgo, Mexico
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Ma X, Chen H, Wang F, Wang S, Wu Y, Ma X, Wei Y, Shao W, Zhao Y. Molecular characterisation and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from dairy farms in China. J Vet Res 2023; 67:161-167. [PMID: 38143824 PMCID: PMC10740378 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2023-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) is a pathogen causing bovine mastitis that results in considerable economic losses in the livestock sector. To understand the distribution and drug resistance characteristics of S. agalactiae from dairy cow mastitis cases in China, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was carried out and the serotypes and drug resistance characteristics of the bacteria in the region were analysed. Material and Methods A total of 21 strains of bovine S. agalactiae were characterised based on MLST, molecular serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and the presence of drug resistance genes. Results The serotypes were mainly Ia and II, accounting for 47.6% and 42.9% of all serotypes, respectively. Five sequence types (STs) were identified through MLST. The ST103 and ST1878 strains were predominant, with rates of 52.4% and 28.6%, respectively. The latter is a novel, previously uncharacterised sequence type. More than 90% of S. agalactiae strains were susceptible to penicillin, oxacillin, cephalothin, ceftiofur, gentamicin, florfenicol and sulfamethoxazole. The bacteria showed high resistance to tetracycline (85.7%), clindamycin (52.1%) and erythromycin (47.6%). Resistant genes were detected by PCR, the result of which showed that 47.6%, 33.3% and 38.1% of isolates carried the tet(M), tet(O) and erm(B) genes, respectively. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that S. agalactiae show a high level of antimicrobial resistance. It is necessary to monitor the pathogens of mastitis to prevent the transmission of these bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Ma
- College of Animal Science Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi830052, P. R. China
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs-Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety of Xinjiang, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
| | - He Chen
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs-Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety of Xinjiang, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
| | - Fulan Wang
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs-Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety of Xinjiang, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs-Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety of Xinjiang, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
| | - Yating Wu
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs-Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety of Xinjiang, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
| | - Xianlan Ma
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs-Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety of Xinjiang, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wei
- Xinjiang Tian’ao Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd, Ili835000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shao
- College of Animal Science Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi830052, P. R. China
| | - Yankun Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs-Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety of Xinjiang, Urumqi830091, P. R. China
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Pangprasit N, Srithanasuwan A, Intanon M, Suriyasathaporn W, Chaisri W. Clinical field trial of parenteral amoxicillin for the treatment of clinical and subclinical mastitis in smallholder dairy farms in the upper region of Northern Thailand. Vet World 2023; 16:792-798. [PMID: 37235160 PMCID: PMC10206963 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.792-798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Mastitis, primarily caused by intramammary bacterial infection, is the most expensive disease in the global dairy industry due to its negative impact on milk composition and manufacturing properties. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of parenteral amoxicillin in the treatment of clinical and subclinical mastitis in smallholder dairy farms in Northern Thailand. Materials and Methods A total of 51 cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis from dairy cooperatives in Lamphun and Chiang Mai provinces, Northern Thailand, were enrolled in this study. Conventional bacteriological procedures were applied to identify the causative bacteria in milk samples from these cows before and 7 days after treatment, and antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted using the disk diffusion method for all bacteria isolated before treatment. All cows with mastitis were administered 15 mg/kg of amoxicillin (LONGAMOX®, Syva Laboratories SA, Spain) intramuscularly every other day for 3 days. Results Environmental streptococcal bacteria (Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus spp.) were commonly isolated from infected quarters and were highly susceptible to amoxicillin (100%). The clinical efficacy of amoxicillin treatment for clinical mastitis cases was 80.43%, and the bacteriological efficacy was 47.82%, with opportunistic staphylococcal bacteria (coagulase-negative staphylococci) and contagious streptococcal bacteria (Streptococcus agalactiae) being the most sensitive microorganisms (100%). In subclinical mastitis cases, the bacteriological efficacy of parenteral amoxicillin was 70.45%, with environmental streptococcal bacteria (S. uberis) being the most (100%) sensitive microorganisms. Conclusion Amoxicillin is highly efficacious and can be used to treat clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows, particularly mastitis caused by environmental Streptococcus spp. These findings could be used to guide treatment regimens in veterinary practice in smallholder dairy farms in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noppason Pangprasit
- Department of Livestock Clinics, Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thamarat 80160, Thailand
- Department of Food Animal Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Anyaphat Srithanasuwan
- Department of Food Animal Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Montira Intanon
- Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Witaya Suriyasathaporn
- Department of Food Animal Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Wasana Chaisri
- Department of Food Animal Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
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Effect of Selected Micro- and Macroelements and Vitamins on the Genome Stability of Bovine Embryo Transfer Recipients following In Vitro Fertilization. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13061056. [PMID: 36978597 PMCID: PMC10044621 DOI: 10.3390/ani13061056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome instability can lead to a wide variety of diseases. Many endogenous and exogenous factors influence the level of damage to genetic material. Genome integrity depends on factors such as the fidelity of DNA replication, normal DNA organization in the chromosomes, and repair mechanisms. Genome stability influences fertility, embryonic development, and the maintenance of pregnancy. In the case of in vitro fertilization, it can be an important factor determining the success of the procedure. The aim of the study was to assess the stability of the genomes of recipient cows following in vitro fertilization using cytogenetic tests and to analyze the effects of selected vitamins and micro- and macroelements on genome integrity. Genome stability was analyzed using the sister chromatid exchange, fragile site, and comet assays. The material for analysis was peripheral blood from 20 Holstein-Friesian heifers that were embryo transfer recipients. The effect of selected micro- and macroelements and vitamins on the genome stability of the cows was analyzed. Folic acid was shown to significantly influence the level of damage identified using the SCE, FS, and SCGE assays, while iron affected SCE and SCGE results, and zinc affected FS.
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Bonsaglia ECR, Rossi RS, Latosinski G, Rossi BF, Campos FC, Junior AF, Pantoja JCF, Rall VLM. Relationship between Biofilm Production and High Somatic Cell Count in Streptococcus agalactiae Isolated from Milk of Cows with Subclinical Mastitis. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020311. [PMID: 36839583 PMCID: PMC9966988 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) is one of the main agents that causes mastitis in dairy cows, mainly inducing the subclinical form, which is characterized by a high somatic cell count (SCC). The aim of this study was to correlate the increase in SCC caused by S. agalactiae in cows with subclinical mastitis to the presence of genes related to adhesion and invasion in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) and biofilm formation. Considering the 145 isolates tested, 57.2% presented the capsular type Ia and 42.8% presented type III. We identified the virulence genes among the isolates and determined nine genetic profiles. The most common profile was identified in 69 isolates (47.5%): Ia, fbsA+, fbsB-, pI1-, pI2a-, pI2b+, and hylb+. All isolates produced biofilm, with 58.6% classified as strong producers, 29% as moderate producers and 12.4% as weak producers. No statistical correlation was found between the presence of virulence genes and increased SCC or biofilm production. However, biological evidence was observed between increased SCC and biofilm production. One isolate from each profile was randomly subjected to adhesion and invasion assays, and all of them adhered to BEMC, but none were able to invade. Our results showed that different genetic profiles do not provide advantages for bacteria to invade BMEC in vitro. In addition, biofilm production appears to be related to high SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Carolina Romão Bonsaglia
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: (E.C.R.B.); (V.L.M.R.); Tel.: +5514-3880-0438 (V.L.M.R.)
| | - Rodolfo S. Rossi
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Giulia Latosinski
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fernanda Rossi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Cristina Campos
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Ary Fernandes Junior
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - José Carlos F. Pantoja
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Mores Rall
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: (E.C.R.B.); (V.L.M.R.); Tel.: +5514-3880-0438 (V.L.M.R.)
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Shi H, Zhou M, Zhang Z, Hu Y, Song S, Hui R, Wang L, Li G, Yao L. Molecular epidemiology, drug resistance, and virulence gene analysis of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from dairy goats in backyard farms in China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1049167. [PMID: 36699728 PMCID: PMC9868259 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1049167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae infections may lead to clinical or subclinical mastitis in dairy animals when it invades the mammary gland. In this study, 51 S. agalactiae strains were isolated from 305 milk samples that were collected from goats with mastitis in 13 provinces of China. The antimicrobial resistance of S. agalactiae was determined by disk diffusion methods against 18 antibiotics from six classes. In addition, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and the presence of resistance and virulence genes was determined by PCR analysis. Seven sequence types in five clonal complexes were identified according to MLST; CC103 and CC67 strains were predominant, with rates of 45.1% and 39.2%, respectively. All isolates (100%) were multiresistant to three or more antimicrobial agents. S. agalactiae isolates had a 100% resistance rate to penicillin, oxacillin, and amoxicillin, followed by doxycycline (82.4%), tetracycline (76.5%), and amikacin (74.5%). The lowest resistance was observed for ciprofloxacin (29.4%), which varied in five different regions. The detection rates of six classes of antimicrobial-related genes were calculated as follows: 33 (64.7%) for β-lactam-related resistance gene, 12 (23.5%) for tetracyclines, 11 (21.6%) for quinolone-related resistance genes, 10 (19.6%) for aminoglycosides, 7 (13.7%) for macrolides (ermA, ermB, and mefA), and 3 (5.9%) for lincosamide (lnu(B)). Regarding virulence genes, profile 1 (bca cfb-cspA-cylE-hylB-bibA-pavA-fbsA-fbsB) was the most prevalent, with a detection rate of 54.9%. This work provides a primary source related to the molecular epidemiology of S. agalactiae in dairy goat herds in China and will aid in the clinical treatment, prevention, and control of mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Shi
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China,*Correspondence: Hongfei Shi, ; Lunguang Yao,
| | - Mengxiao Zhou
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Zhengtian Zhang
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Yun Hu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Medical Engineering, Nanyang Vocational College of Agriculture, Nanyang, China
| | - Shiyang Song
- Animal Husbandry and Fishery Department, Heilongjiang State 853 Farm Limited Company, Shuangyashan, China
| | - Ruiqing Hui
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Long Wang
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Guoguang Li
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China,*Correspondence: Hongfei Shi, ; Lunguang Yao,
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The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cefquinome against Streptococcus agalactiae in a murine mastitis model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0278306. [PMID: 36696421 PMCID: PMC9876276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cefquinome is a new generation cephalosporin that is effective in the treatment of mastitis in animals. In this study, we evaluated the associations between the specific pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of cefquinome and its antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactiae in a mouse model of mastitis. After a single intramammary dose of cefquinome (30, 60, 120, and 240 μg/mammary gland), the concentration of cefquinome in plasma was analysed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS-MS). The PK parameters were calculated using a one-compartment first-order absorption model. Antibacterial activity was defined as the maximum change in the S. agalactiae population after each dose. An inhibitory sigmoid Emax model was used to evaluate the relationships between the PK/PD index values and antibacterial effects. The duration for which the concentration of the antibiotic (%T) remained above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was defined as the optimal PK/PD index for assessing antibacterial activity. The values of %T > MIC to reach 0.5-log10CFU/MG, 1-log10 CFU/MG and 2-log10 CFU/MG reductions were 31, 47, and 81%, respectively. When the PK/PD index %T > MIC of cefquinome was >81% in vivo, the density of the Streptococcus agalactiae was reduced by 2-log10. These findings provide a valuable understanding to optimise the dose regimens of cefquinome in the treatment of S. agalactiae infections.
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Manan A, Aqib AI, Shahbaz A, Khan SR, Akram K, Majeed H, Muneer A, Murtaza M, Afrasiab M, Merola C, Niaz K, Ahmad I, Saeed M. Modification of the drug resistance of emerging milk-borne pathogens through sodium alginate-based antibiotics and nanoparticles. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1130130. [PMID: 37138921 PMCID: PMC10149700 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1130130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae and Klebsiella pneumoniae are emerging as major milk-borne pathogens. Additionally, resistance to antibiotics of pathogens is of concern. Therefore, this study investigated the prevalence and drug resistance of S. agalactiae and K. pneumoniae in mastitis milk samples and assessed the antimicrobial potential of sodium alginate (G)-stabilized MgO nanoparticles (M) and antibiotics (tylosin [T] and ampicillin [A]) against both of these pathogens. A total of n = 200 milk samples from cattle were collected using purposive sampling, and standard microbiological approaches were adopted to isolate target bacteria. Parametric and non-parametric statistical tests were used to analyze the obtained data. Four preparations, GT (gel-stabilized tylosin), GA (gel-stabilized ampicillin), GTM (tylosin and MgO nanoparticles stabilized in gel), and GAM (ampicillin and MgO nanoparticles stabilized in gel), were evaluated against both bacteria through well diffusion and broth microdilution method. The analysis revealed that 45.24% (95/210) of the milk samples were positive for mastitis, of which 11.58% (11/95) were positive for S. agalactiae and 9.47% (9/95) were positive for K. pneumoniae. S. agalactiae had a significantly higher zone of inhibition (ZOI) than K. pneumoniae against penicillin, tetracycline, and amoxicillin, whereas the opposite was observed against imipenem and erythromycin. All gel (G)-based preparations showed an increase in the percentage of ZOI compared with antibiotics alone, with GTM presenting the highest of all, i.e., 59.09 and 56.25% ZOI compared with tylosin alone against S. agalactiae and K. pneumoniae, respectively. Similarly, in a broth microdilution assay, the lowest MIC was found for K. pneumoniae (9.766 ± 0.0 μg/mL) against GTM, followed by GT, GAM, and GA after incubation for 24 h. A similar response was noted for preparations against S. agalactiae but with a comparatively higher MIC. A significant reduction in MIC with respect to incubation time was found at 8 h and remained until at 20 h against both pathogens. The cytotoxicity of the MgO nanoparticles used in this study was significantly lower than that of the positive control. Overall, this study found that K. pneumoniae and S. agalactiae appeared higher in prevalence and antimicrobial resistance, and sodium alginate-based antibiotics and MgO nanoparticles were effective alternative approaches for tackling antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Manan
- Department of Food Science, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Islam Aqib
- Department of Medicine, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Amjad Islam Aqib
| | - Ansa Shahbaz
- Basic Health Unit, Health Department Punjab, Tehsil Tandlianwala, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shanza Rauf Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Akram
- Department of Food Science, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Majeed
- Department of Food Science, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Afshan Muneer
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- Afshan Muneer
| | - Maheen Murtaza
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afrasiab
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Carmine Merola
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Kamal Niaz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Bio-Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
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Chen Y, Song S, Xu L, Kuang H, Xu C, Guo L. Ultrasensitive Immunochromatographic Strip for Fast Screening of Piperacillin in Milk Based on a Monoclonal Antibody. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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