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Mrenoshki D, Lucente MS, Corrente M, Grassi A, Laura DS, Parisi A, Elia G, Zarea AAK, Tempesta M, Greco G. Antimicrobial susceptibility rates in gram-positive catalase-negative cocci from sheep and goat genital microbiota. Acta Trop 2024; 257:107305. [PMID: 38944406 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Gram-positive catalase-negative cocci (GPCNCs) are significant components of the genital microbiota in sheep and goats. However, characterizing them can be difficult due to overlapping culture features and the limited information on their susceptibility to antibiotics. In this study, 97 foreskin and 13 vaginal swabs were investigated using a culturomic approach. Of 110 animals, 76 (69.09 %) hosted GPCNCs, including strains from Streptococcaceae (37, 33.64 %), Aerococcaceae (30, 27.27 %), Enterococcaceae (6, 5.45 %) and other minor species. With increasing antimicrobial resistance rates in livestock, surveillance programs are globally required, so we conducted a pilot study on GPCNCs isolated from the genital mucosa surfaces of sheep and goats using the minimal inhibitory concentration assay (MIC). Due to gaps in interpretative standard breakpoints, normalized resistance interpretation was used for setting epidemiological susceptibility cut-off values (COWTs). Of 57 suitable strains, the majority (80.71 %) showed high COWTs with decrease susceptibility to at least one antimicrobial class, with 22.81 % displaying multiresistant profiles. Of interest, combined resistances to beta-lactams, macrolides, lincosamides, and tetracyclines were detected in strains of Streptococcus plurianimalium. Further combinations, including resistance to beta-lactams, pleuromutilins, aminoglycosides, and lincosamides, were also recorded in both Streptococcus uberis and Enterococcus spp. strains. Being beta-lactams, macrolides, and tetracyclines the most used antibiotics in livestock worldwide, our results highlight the need for their prudent use. Collectively, our findings highlight that small ruminant genital microbiota can serve as reservoirs for opportunistic severe pathogens, often zoonotic, carrying multidrug resistances, thus standing for high risks for both animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mrenoshki
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, 70010 Valenzano, (Bari), Italy
| | - Maria Stella Lucente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, 70010 Valenzano, (Bari), Italy
| | - Marialaura Corrente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, 70010 Valenzano, (Bari), Italy
| | - Andrea Grassi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna, Pavia, Str. Privata Campeggi, 59, Pavia, Italy
| | - Del Sambro Laura
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Puglia e Basilicata, Contrada San Pietro Piturno, Putignano-Bari, 70017, Italy
| | - Antonio Parisi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Puglia e Basilicata, Contrada San Pietro Piturno, Putignano-Bari, 70017, Italy
| | - Gabriella Elia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, 70010 Valenzano, (Bari), Italy
| | - Aya Attia Koraney Zarea
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, 70010 Valenzano, (Bari), Italy; Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e Toscana "M. Aleandri", via Appia Nuova, 1411 - 00178 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Tempesta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, 70010 Valenzano, (Bari), Italy
| | - Grazia Greco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, 70010 Valenzano, (Bari), Italy.
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Qiu J, Jiang Y, Ye N, Jin G, Shi H, Qian D. Leveraging the intratumoral microbiota to treat human cancer: are engineered exosomes an effective strategy? J Transl Med 2024; 22:728. [PMID: 39103887 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05531-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of global mortality. The tumor microbiota has increasingly been recognized as a key regulator of cancer onset and progression, in addition to shaping tumor responses to immunotherapy. Microbes, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other eukaryotic species can impact the internal homeostasis and health of humans. Research focused on the gut microflora and the intratumoral microbiome has revolutionized the current understanding of how tumors grow, progress, and resist therapeutic interventions. Even with this research, however, there remains relatively little that is known with respect to the abundance of microbes and their effects on tumors and the tumor microenvironment. Engineered exosomes are a class of artificial extracellular nanovesicles that can actively transport small molecule drugs and nucleic acids, which have the broad prospects of tumor cell therapy. The present review offers an overview of recent progress and challenges associated with the intratumoral microbiome and engineered exosomes in the context of cancer research. These discussions are used to inform the construction of a novel framework for engineered exosome-mediated targeted drug delivery, taking advantage of intratumoral microbiota diversity as a strategic asset and thereby providing new opportunities to more effectively treat and manage cancer in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qiu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Yuancong Jiang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Nanwei Ye
- Department of Medical Research Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Gan Jin
- Department of Vascular Hernia Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Hao Shi
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Da Qian
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery-Hand Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu No.1 People's Hospital, Changshu, Jiangsu Province, 215500, China
- Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People ' s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310014, China
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Penarete-Acosta D, Stading R, Emerson L, Horn M, Chakraborty S, Han A, Jayaraman A. A microfluidic co-culture model for investigating colonocytes-microbiota interactions in colorectal cancer. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3690-3703. [PMID: 38973701 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00013g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Changes in the abundance of certain bacterial species within the colorectal microbiota correlate with colorectal cancer (CRC) development. While carcinogenic mechanisms of single pathogenic bacteria have been characterized in vitro, limited tools are available to investigate interactions between pathogenic bacteria and both commensal microbiota and colonocytes in a physiologically relevant tumor microenvironment. To address this, we developed a microfluidic device that can be used to co-culture colonocyte spheroids and colorectal microbiota. The device was used to explore the effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum, an opportunistic pathogen associated with colorectal cancer development in humans, on colonocyte gene expression and microbiota composition. F. nucleatum altered the transcription of genes involved in cytokine production, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and proliferation in colonocytes in a contact-independent manner; however, most of these effects were significantly diminished by the presence of commensal microbiota. Interestingly, F. nucleatum significantly altered the abundance of multiple bacterial clades associated with mucosal immune responses and cancer development in the colon. Our results highlight the importance of evaluating the potential carcinogenic activity of pathogens in the context of a commensal microbiota, and the potential to discover novel inter-species microbial interactions in the CRC microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel Stading
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, USA
| | - Laura Emerson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, USA.
| | - Mitchell Horn
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, USA
| | - Sanjukta Chakraborty
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, USA
| | - Arum Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, USA.
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, USA.
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, USA
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Intarajak T, Udomchaiprasertkul W, Khoiri AN, Sutheeworapong S, Kusonmano K, Kittichotirat W, Thammarongtham C, Cheevadhanarak S. Distinct gut microbiomes in Thai patients with colorectal polyps. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:3336-3355. [PMID: 39086748 PMCID: PMC11287419 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i27.3336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal polyps that develop via the conventional adenoma-carcinoma sequence [e.g., tubular adenoma (TA)] often progress to malignancy and are closely associated with changes in the composition of the gut microbiome. There is limited research concerning the microbial functions and gut microbiomes associated with colorectal polyps that arise through the serrated polyp pathway, such as hyperplastic polyps (HP). Exploration of microbiome alterations associated with HP and TA would improve the understanding of mechanisms by which specific microbes and their metabolic pathways contribute to colorectal carcinogenesis. AIM To investigate gut microbiome signatures, microbial associations, and microbial functions in HP and TA patients. METHODS Full-length 16S rRNA sequencing was used to characterize the gut microbiome in stool samples from control participants without polyps [control group (CT), n = 40], patients with HP (n = 52), and patients with TA (n = 60). Significant differences in gut microbiome composition and functional mechanisms were identified between the CT group and patients with HP or TA. Analytical techniques in this study included differential abundance analysis, co-occurrence network analysis, and differential pathway analysis. RESULTS Colorectal cancer (CRC)-associated bacteria, including Streptococcus gallolyticus (S. gallolyticus), Bacteroides fragilis, and Clostridium symbiosum, were identified as characteristic microbial species in TA patients. Mediterraneibacter gnavus, associated with dysbiosis and gastrointestinal diseases, was significantly differentially abundant in the HP and TA groups. Functional pathway analysis revealed that HP patients exhibited enrichment in the sulfur oxidation pathway exclusively, whereas TA patients showed dominance in pathways related to secondary metabolite biosynthesis (e.g., mevalonate); S. gallolyticus was a major contributor. Co-occurrence network and dynamic network analyses revealed co-occurrence of dysbiosis-associated bacteria in HP patients, whereas TA patients exhibited co-occurrence of CRC-associated bacteria. Furthermore, the co-occurrence of SCFA-producing bacteria was lower in TA patients than HP patients. CONCLUSION This study revealed distinct gut microbiome signatures associated with pathways of colorectal polyp development, providing insights concerning the roles of microbial species, functional pathways, and microbial interactions in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoranin Intarajak
- Bioinformatics Unit, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Lak Si 10210, Bangkok, Thailand
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, and School of Information Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Ahmad Nuruddin Khoiri
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, and School of Information Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sawannee Sutheeworapong
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanthida Kusonmano
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, and School of Information Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerayuth Kittichotirat
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, and School of Information Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chinae Thammarongtham
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supapon Cheevadhanarak
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bank Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
- Fungal Biotechnology Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bang Khun Thian 10150, Bangkok, Thailand
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5
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Jandl B, Dighe S, Gasche C, Makristathis A, Muttenthaler M. Intestinal biofilms: pathophysiological relevance, host defense, and therapeutic opportunities. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024:e0013323. [PMID: 38995034 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00133-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYThe human intestinal tract harbors a profound variety of microorganisms that live in symbiosis with the host and each other. It is a complex and highly dynamic environment whose homeostasis directly relates to human health. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and polymicrobial biofilms have been associated with gastrointestinal diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel diseases, and colorectal cancers. This review covers the molecular composition and organization of intestinal biofilms, mechanistic aspects of biofilm signaling networks for bacterial communication and behavior, and synergistic effects in polymicrobial biofilms. It further describes the clinical relevance and diseases associated with gut biofilms, the role of biofilms in antimicrobial resistance, and the intestinal host defense system and therapeutic strategies counteracting biofilms. Taken together, this review summarizes the latest knowledge and research on intestinal biofilms and their role in gut disorders and provides directions toward the development of biofilm-specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Jandl
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Satish Dighe
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christoph Gasche
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Loha for Life, Center for Gastroenterology and Iron Deficiency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Athanasios Makristathis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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6
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Senthil Kumar S, Johnson MDL, Wilson JE. Insights into the enigma of oral streptococci in carcinogenesis. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2024; 88:e0009523. [PMID: 38506551 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00095-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYThe genus Streptococcus consists of a taxonomically diverse group of Gram-positive bacteria that have earned significant scientific interest due to their physiological and pathogenic characteristics. Within the genus Streptococcus, viridans group streptococci (VGS) play a significant role in the oral ecosystem, constituting approximately 80% of the oral biofilm. Their primary role as pioneering colonizers in the oral cavity with multifaceted interactions like adherence, metabolic signaling, and quorum sensing contributes significantly to the complex dynamics of the oral biofilm, thus shaping oral health and disease outcomes. Perturbations in oral streptococci composition drive oral dysbiosis and therefore impact host-pathogen interactions, resulting in oral inflammation and representing VGS as an opportunistic pathogen. The association of oral streptococci in tumors across distant organs, spanning the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, and colon, illuminates a potential association between oral streptococci, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. This finding emphasizes the need for further investigations into the role of oral streptococci in mucosal homeostasis and their involvement in carcinogenesis. Hence, here, we review the significance of oral streptococci in biofilm dynamics and how the perturbation may impact mucosal immunopathogenesis in the context of cancer, with a vision of exploiting oral streptococci for cancer intervention and for the development of non-invasive cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Senthil Kumar
- Department of Immunobiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Michael D L Johnson
- Department of Immunobiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Valley Fever Center for Excellence, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Justin E Wilson
- Department of Immunobiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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7
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Jandl B, Dighe S, Baumgartner M, Makristathis A, Gasche C, Muttenthaler M. Gastrointestinal Biofilms: Endoscopic Detection, Disease Relevance, and Therapeutic Strategies. Gastroenterology 2024:S0016-5085(24)05054-6. [PMID: 38876174 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal biofilms are highly heterogenic and spatially organized polymicrobial communities that can expand and cover large areas in the gastrointestinal tract. Gut microbiota dysbiosis, mucus disruption, and epithelial invasion are associated with pathogenic biofilms that have been linked to gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel diseases, gastric cancer, and colon cancer. Intestinal biofilms are highly prevalent in ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome patients, and most endoscopists will have observed such biofilms during colonoscopy, maybe without appreciating their biological and clinical importance. Gut biofilms have a protective extracellular matrix that renders them challenging to treat, and effective therapies are yet to be developed. This review covers gastrointestinal biofilm formation, growth, appearance and detection, biofilm architecture and signalling, human host defence mechanisms, disease and clinical relevance of biofilms, therapeutic approaches, and future perspectives. Critical knowledge gaps and open research questions regarding the biofilm's exact pathophysiological relevance and key hurdles in translating therapeutic advances into the clinic are discussed. Taken together, this review summarizes the status quo in gut biofilm research and provides perspectives and guidance for future research and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Jandl
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Satish Dighe
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Maximillian Baumgartner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Athanasios Makristathis
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Gasche
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Loha for Life, Center for Gastroenterology and Iron Deficiency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Demirturk M, Cinar MS, Avci FY. The immune interactions of gut glycans and microbiota in health and disease. Mol Microbiol 2024. [PMID: 38703041 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The human digestive system harbors a vast diversity of commensal bacteria and maintains a symbiotic relationship with them. However, imbalances in the gut microbiota accompany various diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and colorectal cancers (CRCs), which significantly impact the well-being of populations globally. Glycosylation of the mucus layer is a crucial factor that plays a critical role in maintaining the homeostatic environment in the gut. This review delves into how the gut microbiota, immune cells, and gut mucus layer work together to establish a balanced gut environment. Specifically, the role of glycosylation in regulating immune cell responses and mucus metabolism in this process is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Demirturk
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mukaddes Sena Cinar
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Fikri Y Avci
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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9
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a substantial source of global morbidity and mortality in dire need of improved prevention and treatment strategies. As our understanding of CRC grows, it is becoming increasingly evident that the gut microbiota, consisting of trillions of microorganisms in direct interface with the colon, plays a substantial role in CRC development and progression. Understanding the roles that individual microorganisms and complex microbial communities play in CRC pathogenesis, along with their attendant mechanisms, will help yield novel preventive and therapeutic interventions for CRC. In this Review, we discuss recent evidence concerning global perturbations of the gut microbiota in CRC, associations of specific microorganisms with CRC, the underlying mechanisms by which microorganisms potentially drive CRC development and the roles of complex microbial communities in CRC pathogenesis. While our understanding of the relationship between the microbiota and CRC has improved in recent years, our findings highlight substantial gaps in current research that need to be filled before this knowledge can be used to the benefit of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell T White
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia L Sears
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Xiao H, Yin D, Du L, Li G, Lin J, Fang C, Shen S, Xiao G, Fang R. Effects of pork sausage on intestinal microecology and metabolism in mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3413-3427. [PMID: 38111159 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Processed meat, as an important part of the human diet, has been recognized as a carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Although numerous epidemiological reports supported the IARC's view, the relevant evidence of a direct association between processed meat and carcinogenicity has been insufficient and the mechanism has been unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of pork sausage (as a representative example of processed meat) intake on gut microbial communities and metabolites of mice. Microbial communities and metabolites from all groups were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometer (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS), respectively. RESULTS The levels of Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides, Alloprevotella, Lactobacillus, Prevotella_9, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Alistipes, Blautia, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Allobaculum, Helicobacter, Desulfovibrio, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 and Streptococcus (P < 0.05) were obviously altered in the mice fed a pork sausage diet. Twenty-seven metabolites from intestinal content samples and fourteen matabolites from whole blood samples were identified as potential biomarkers from multivariate analysis, including Phosphatidic acid (PA), Sphingomyelin (SM), Lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC), Diglyceride (DG), D-maltose, N-acylamides and so forth. The significant changes in these biomarkers demonstrate metabonomic variations in pork sausage treated rats, especially carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. CONCLUSION The present study provided evidence that a processed meat diet can increase the risk of colorectal cancer and other diseases significantly by altering the microbial community structure and disrupting the body's metabolic pathways. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Chemical and Biological Processing Technology, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danhan Yin
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lidan Du
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaotian Li
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenyu Fang
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaolin Shen
- Hangzhou Xiaoshan Institute of Measurement for Quality and Technique Supervision, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gongnian Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Chemical and Biological Processing Technology, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruosi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Chemical and Biological Processing Technology, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Lu KY, Tung WE, Chiang CJ, Hsieh YY, Chen CH, Lee MH, Yen MH, Lu PW, Wu LC. Sciatica caused by spinal epidural abscess as the initial clinical presentation of colon cancer: a rare case report and review of literature. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:293. [PMID: 38448866 PMCID: PMC10916147 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed forms of cancer, and it is associated with several common symptoms and signs such as rectal bleeding, altered bowel habits, abdominal pain, anemia, and unintentional weight loss. Sciatica, a debilitating condition in which the patient experiences paresthesia and pain in the dermatome of associated lumbosacral nerve roots or sciatic nerve distribution, is not considered one of these. Here we present a case of colorectal cancer manifesting symptoms of sciatica alone. CASE PRESENTATION A 68-year-old male presented with progressive lower back pain radiating to his left thigh and calf over L5/S1 dermatome. Sciatica was suspected and initially underwent conservative treatment with analgesics. However, the symptoms progressed and MRI revealed an epidural abscess surprisingly. Surgical debridement was performed and pus culture isolated Streptococcus gallolyticus. Based on the strong association of S. gallolyticus with colorectal cancer, the presence of this pathogen prompted further tumor evaluation, even in the absence of the typical symptoms and signs. This investigation ultimately leads to the diagnosis of sigmoid adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Although rare, sciatica caused by S. gallolyticus infection of the spinal epidural space may serve as the initial presentation of colorectal cancer. Physicians should be aware of the strong association between S. gallolyticus and colorectal cancer. Based on what we currently know about the condition; a thorough systematic assessment of occult neoplasia for patients with S. gallolyticus infection is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Tung
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Jung Chiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsien Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsuan Yen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wen Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110, Taiwan
| | - Lien-Chen Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110, Taiwan.
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12
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Rayan M, Sayed TS, Hussein OJ, Therachiyil L, Maayah ZH, Maccalli C, Uddin S, Prehn JHM, Korashy HM. Unlocking the secrets: exploring the influence of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and microbiome on cancer development. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:33. [PMID: 38448800 PMCID: PMC10918910 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00538-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota regulates various aspects of human physiology by producing metabolites, metabolizing enzymes, and toxins. Many studies have linked microbiota with human health and altered microbiome configurations with the occurrence of several diseases, including cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that the microbiome can influence the initiation and progression of several cancers. Moreover, some microbiotas of the gut and oral cavity have been reported to infect tumors, initiate metastasis, and promote the spread of cancer to distant organs, thereby influencing the clinical outcome of cancer patients. The gut microbiome has recently been reported to interact with environmental factors such as diet and exposure to environmental toxicants. Exposure to environmental pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) induces a shift in the gut microbiome metabolic pathways, favoring a proinflammatory microenvironment. In addition, other studies have also correlated cancer incidence with exposure to PAHs. PAHs are known to induce organ carcinogenesis through activating a ligand-activated transcriptional factor termed the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which metabolizes PAHs to highly reactive carcinogenic intermediates. However, the crosstalk between AhR and the microbiome in mediating carcinogenesis is poorly reviewed. This review aims to discuss the role of exposure to environmental pollutants and activation of AhR on microbiome-associated cancer progression and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menatallah Rayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Tahseen S Sayed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ola J Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zaid H Maayah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- RCSI Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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13
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Otsuka K, Isobe J, Asai Y, Nakano T, Hattori K, Ariyoshi T, Yamashita T, Motegi K, Saito A, Kohmoto M, Hosonuma M, Kuramasu A, Baba Y, Murayama M, Narikawa Y, Toyoda H, Funayama E, Tajima K, Shida M, Hirasawa Y, Tsurui T, Ariizumi H, Ishiguro T, Suzuki R, Ohkuma R, Kubota Y, Sambe T, Tsuji M, Wada S, Kiuchi Y, Kobayashi S, Horiike A, Goto S, Murakami M, Kim YG, Tsunoda T, Yoshimura K. Butyricimonas is a key gut microbiome component for predicting postoperative recurrence of esophageal cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:23. [PMID: 38280026 PMCID: PMC10821974 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03608-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, intestinal bacteria have attracted attention as factors affecting the prognosis of patients with cancer. However, the intestinal microbiome is composed of several hundred types of bacteria, necessitating the development of an analytical method that can allow the use of this information as a highly accurate biomarker. In this study, we investigated whether the preoperative intestinal bacterial profile in patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgery after preoperative chemotherapy could be used as a biomarker of postoperative recurrence of esophageal cancer. METHODS We determined the gut microbiome of the patients using 16S rRNA metagenome sequencing, followed by statistical analysis. Simultaneously, we performed a machine learning analysis using a random forest model with hyperparameter tuning and compared the data obtained. RESULTS Statistical and machine learning analyses revealed two common bacterial genera, Butyricimonas and Actinomyces, which were abundant in cases with recurrent esophageal cancer. Butyricimonas primarily produces butyrate, whereas Actinomyces are oral bacteria whose function in the gut is unknown. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that Butyricimonas spp. may be a biomarker of postoperative recurrence of esophageal cancer. Although the extent of the involvement of these bacteria in immune regulation remains unknown, future research should investigate their presence in other pathological conditions. Such research could potentially lead to a better understanding of the immunological impact of these bacteria on patients with cancer and their application as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Otsuka
- Showa University Hospital Esophageal Cancer Center, Esophageal Surgery, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junya Isobe
- Department of Hospital Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Asai
- Department of Systems Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
- AI Systems Medicine Research and Training Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University and Yamaguchi University Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nakano
- Department of Systems Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kouya Hattori
- Research Center for Drug Discovery and Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomotake Ariyoshi
- Showa University Hospital Esophageal Cancer Center, Esophageal Surgery, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamashita
- Showa University Hospital Esophageal Cancer Center, Esophageal Surgery, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Motegi
- Showa University Hospital Esophageal Cancer Center, Esophageal Surgery, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Saito
- Showa University Hospital Esophageal Cancer Center, Esophageal Surgery, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kohmoto
- Showa University Hospital Esophageal Cancer Center, Esophageal Surgery, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hosonuma
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Immuno Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuo Kuramasu
- Department of Clinical Immuno Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Baba
- Department of Clinical Immuno Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Murayama
- Department of Clinical Immuno Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Narikawa
- Department of Clinical Immuno Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Toyoda
- Department of Clinical Immuno Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Funayama
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Tajima
- Department of Clinical Immuno Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Midori Shida
- Department of Clinical Immuno Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Hirasawa
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tsurui
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Ariizumi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ishiguro
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risako Suzuki
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Ohkuma
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaro Kubota
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sambe
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- Department of Pharmacology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Department of Clinical Diagnostic Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Kiuchi
- Department of Pharmacology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kobayashi
- Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Horiike
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Goto
- Showa University Hospital Esophageal Cancer Center, Esophageal Surgery, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Murakami
- Showa University Hospital Esophageal Cancer Center, Esophageal Surgery, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yun-Gi Kim
- Research Center for Drug Discovery and Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Tsunoda
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yoshimura
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Clinical Immuno Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Pharmacology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Pharmacological Research Center, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
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14
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Mignini I, Piccirilli G, Galasso L, Termite F, Esposto G, Ainora ME, Gasbarrini A, Zocco MA. From the Colon to the Liver: How Gut Microbiota May Influence Colorectal Cancer Metastatic Potential. J Clin Med 2024; 13:420. [PMID: 38256554 PMCID: PMC10815973 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota's influence on human tumorigenesis is a burning topic in medical research. With the new ontological perspective, which considers the human body and its pathophysiological processes as the result of the interaction between its own eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic microorganisms living in different body niches, great interest has arisen in the role of the gut microbiota on carcinogenesis. Indeed, dysbiosis is currently recognized as a cancer-promoting condition, and multiple molecular mechanisms have been described by which the gut microbiota may drive tumor development, especially colorectal cancer (CRC). Metastatic power is undoubtedly one of the most fearsome features of neoplastic tissues. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms is of utmost importance to improve patients' prognosis. The liver is the most frequent target of CRC metastasis, and new evidence reveals that the gut microbiota may yield an effect on CRC diffusion to the liver, thus defining an intriguing new facet of the so-called "gut-liver axis". In this review, we aim to summarize the most recent data about the microbiota's role in promoting or preventing hepatic metastasis from CRC, highlighting some potential future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Assunta Zocco
- CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (I.M.); (G.P.); (L.G.); (F.T.); (G.E.); (M.E.A.); (A.G.)
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15
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Anderson SM, Sears CL. The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Cancer: A Review, With Special Focus on Colorectal Neoplasia and Clostridioides difficile. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 77:S471-S478. [PMID: 38051969 PMCID: PMC10697667 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome has coevolved with humans to aid in physiologic functions and prevent disease. An increasing prevalence of gut dysbiosis in modern society exists and has strong linkages to multiple disease processes common in the developed world. Mechanisms for microbiome-human interactions that impact host homeostasis include bacterial metabolite/toxin production, biofilm formation with mucous layer infiltration, and host immune system modulation. Most of this crosstalk occurs at the epithelial layer of the gut, and as such the role of these interactions in the induction of colorectal cancer-a highly prevalent disease globally and one undergoing significant epidemiologic shifts-is under increasing scrutiny. Although multiple individual gut bacteria have been hypothesized as possible driver organisms in the oncogenic process, no bacterium has been definitively identified as a causal agent of colorectal cancer, suggesting that host lifestyle factors, microbiome community interactions, and the mucosal and/or systemic immune response may play a critical role in the process. Recent evidence has emerged implicating the ubiquitous human pathogen Clostridioides difficile as a possible promoter of colorectal cancer through chronic toxin-mediated cellular changes. Although much remains to be defined regarding the natural history of infections caused by this pathogen and its potential for oncogenesis, it provides a strong model for the role of both individual bacteria and of the gut microbial community as a whole in the development of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cynthia L Sears
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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16
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Wright MJ, Bai G. Bacterial second messenger cyclic di-AMP in streptococci. Mol Microbiol 2023; 120:791-804. [PMID: 37898560 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic dimeric adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) has been well studied in bacteria, including those of the genus Streptococcus, since the first recognition of this dinucleotide in 2008. Streptococci possess a sole diadenylate cyclase, CdaA, and distinct c-di-AMP phosphodiesterases. Interestingly, cdaA is required for viability of some streptococcal species but not all when streptococci are grown in standard laboratory media. Bacteria of this genus also have distinct c-di-AMP effector proteins, diverse c-di-AMP-signaling pathways, and subsequent biological outcomes. In streptococci, c-di-AMP may influence bacterial growth, morphology, biofilm formation, competence program, drug resistance, and bacterial pathogenesis. c-di-AMP secreted by streptococci has also been shown to interact with the mammalian host and induces immune responses including type I interferon production. In this review, we summarize the reported c-di-AMP networks in seven species of the genus Streptococcus, which cause diverse clinical manifestations, and propose future perspectives to investigate the signaling molecule in these streptococcal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Wright
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Guangchun Bai
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
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17
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Huang X, Chen C, Xie W, Zhou C, Tian X, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Chang H, Xiao W, Zhang R, Gao Y. Metagenomic Analysis of Intratumoral Microbiome Linking to Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Rectal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:1255-1269. [PMID: 37433373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess taxonomic and functional characteristics of tumor-bearing microbiota and its association with response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS We performed metagenomic sequencing of biopsy tumoral tissues from 73 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer before nCRT. Patients were classified into poor responders (PR) and good responders (GR) according to response to nCRT. Subsequent investigation of network alteration, key community, microbial biomarkers, and function related to nCRT responses were carried out. RESULTS The network-driven analysis systematically revealed 2 co-occurring bacteria modules that exhibited opposite relationship with rectal cancer radiosensitivity. In the 2 modules, prominent alteration of global graph properties and community structure was observed between networks of PR and GR group. By quantifying changes in between-group association patterns and abundances, a total of 115 discriminative biomarker species linked to nCRT response were found, and 35 microbial variables were selected to establish the optimal randomForest classifier for nCRT response prediction. It yielded an area under the curve value of 85.5% (95% CI, 73.3%-97.8%) in the training cohort and 88.4% (95% CI, 77.5%-99.4%) in the validation cohort. In a comprehensive consideration, 5 key bacteria showed high relevance with inducing resistance to nCRT, including Streptococcus equinus, Schaalia odontolytica, Clostridium hylemonae, Blautia producta, and Pseudomonas azotoformans. One key hub including several butyrate-formation bacteria involving with driving network alteration from GR to PR indicate that microbiota-derived butyrate may also be involved in reducing the antitumor effects of nCRT, especially Coprococcus. The functional analysis of metagenome linked the nitrate and sulfate-sulfur assimilation, histidine catabolic process, and resistance to cephamycin to the reduced therapeutic response. It also linked to leucine degradation, isoleucine biosynthesis, taurine, and hypotaurine metabolism to the improved response to nCRT. CONCLUSIONS Our data offer novel potential microbial factors and shared metagenome function linked to resistance to nCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihao Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengjing Zhou
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xue Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zitong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoxuan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Endoscopy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuanhong Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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18
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Pasquereau-Kotula E, du Merle L, Sismeiro O, Pietrosemoli N, Varet H, Legendre R, Trieu-Cuot P, Dramsi S. Transcriptome profiling of human col\onic cells exposed to the gut pathobiont Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294868. [PMID: 38033043 PMCID: PMC10688619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus gallolyticus sp. gallolyticus (SGG) is a gut pathobiont involved in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). To decipher SGG contribution in tumor initiation and/or acceleration respectively, a global transcriptome was performed in human normal colonic cells (FHC) and in human tumoral colonic cells (HT29). To identify SGG-specific alterations, we chose the phylogenetically closest relative, Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus (SGM) as control bacterium. We show that SGM, a bacterium generally considered as safe, did not induce any transcriptional changes on the two human colonic cells. The transcriptional reprogramming induced by SGG in normal FHC and tumoral HT29 cells was significantly different, although most of the genes up- and down-regulated were associated with cancer disease. Top up-regulated genes related to cancer were: (i) IL-20, CLK1, SORBS2, ERG1, PIM1, SNORD3A for normal FHC cells and (ii) TSLP, BHLHA15, LAMP3, ZNF27B, KRT17, ATF3 for cancerous HT29 cells. The total number of altered genes were much higher in cancerous than in normal colonic cells (2,090 vs 128 genes being affected, respectively). Gene set enrichment analysis reveals that SGG-induced strong ER- (endoplasmic reticulum) stress and UPR- (unfolded protein response) activation in colonic epithelial cells. Our results suggest that SGG induces a pro-tumoral shift in human colonic cells particularly in transformed cells potentially accelerating tumor development in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pasquereau-Kotula
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biology of Gram-positive Pathogens Unit, Paris, France
| | - Laurence du Merle
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biology of Gram-positive Pathogens Unit, Paris, France
| | - Odile Sismeiro
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biology of Gram-positive Pathogens Unit, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Paris, France
| | - Natalia Pietrosemoli
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Paris, France
| | - Hugo Varet
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Paris, France
| | - Rachel Legendre
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Trieu-Cuot
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biology of Gram-positive Pathogens Unit, Paris, France
| | - Shaynoor Dramsi
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biology of Gram-positive Pathogens Unit, Paris, France
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19
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Naddaf R, Carasso S, Reznick-Levi G, Hasnis E, Qarawani A, Maza I, Gefen T, Half EE, Geva-Zatorsky N. Gut microbial signatures are associated with Lynch syndrome (LS) and cancer history in Druze communities in Israel. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20677. [PMID: 38001152 PMCID: PMC10673896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47723-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lynch syndrome (LS) is a hereditary cancer syndrome caused by autosomal dominant mutations, with high probability of early onset for several cancers, mainly colorectal cancer (CRC). The gut microbiome was shown to be influenced by host genetics and to be altered during cancer development. Therefore, we aimed to determine alterations in gut microbiome compositions of LS patients with and without cancer. We performed fecal microbiome analyses on samples of LS and non-LS members from the Druze ethnoreligious community in Israel, based on both their LS mutation and their cancer history. Our analysis revealed specific bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) overrepresented in LS individuals as well as bacterial OTUs differentiating between the LS individuals with a history of cancer. The identified OTUs align with previous studies either correlating them to pro-inflammatory functions, which can predispose to cancer, or to the cancer itself, and as such, these bacteria can be considered as future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawi Naddaf
- Technion Israel Institute of Technology the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
- Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shaqed Carasso
- Technion Israel Institute of Technology the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
- Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Erez Hasnis
- Technion Israel Institute of Technology the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
- Gastroenterology Institute Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Amalfi Qarawani
- Technion Israel Institute of Technology the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
- Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Itay Maza
- Technion Israel Institute of Technology the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
- Gastroenterology Institute Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tal Gefen
- Technion Israel Institute of Technology the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
- Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Emily Half
- Technion Israel Institute of Technology the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.
- Gastroenterology Institute Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Naama Geva-Zatorsky
- Technion Israel Institute of Technology the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.
- Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Haifa, Israel.
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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20
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Ouranos K, Gardikioti A, Bakaloudi DR, Mylona EK, Shehadeh F, Mylonakis E. Association of the Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus Complex With Colorectal Neoplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad547. [PMID: 38023558 PMCID: PMC10655943 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Invasive infection with Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus complex (SBSEC) bacteria is associated with underlying colorectal neoplasia. However, the link between intestinal or fecal colonization with SBSEC isolates or antibody responses to SBSEC members and colorectal cancer is not thoroughly investigated in the literature. Methods We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases for case-control studies as well as retrospective or prospective cohort studies reporting an association between SBSEC bacteria and colorectal neoplasia. Results We identified 22 studies (15 case-control and 7 cohort) that met our inclusion criteria. Among the cohort studies, patients with SBSEC bacteremia were 3.73 times more likely to have underlying colorectal cancer compared with individuals with no bacteremia (relative risk [RR], 3.73; 95% CI, 2.79-5.01), whereas the risk of underlying colorectal adenoma in patients with SBSEC bacteremia was not significantly increased (RR, 5.00; 95% CI, 0.83-30.03). In case-control studies, patients with colorectal cancer were 2.27 times more likely to have evidence of intestinal or fecal colonization with SBSEC isolates (odds ratio [OR], 2.27; 95% CI, 1.11-4.62) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody responses to SBSEC antigens (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.06-4.86) compared with controls. Patients with colorectal adenoma were not more likely to be colonized with SBSEC isolates compared with controls (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.55-2.25). Conclusions Apart from the well-established association of SBSEC bacteremia and underlying colorectal cancer, intestinal or fecal colonization with SBSEC isolates and IgG antibody responses to SBSEC antigens were higher in patients with colorectal cancer compared with controls. Neither bacteremia from SBSEC isolates nor colonization with SBSEC bacteria was associated with underlying colorectal adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Ouranos
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Angeliki Gardikioti
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Evangelia K Mylona
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fadi Shehadeh
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Mylonakis
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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21
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Wu J, Dong W, Pan Y, Wang J, Wu M, Yu Y. Crosstalk between gut microbiota and metastasis in colorectal cancer: implication of neutrophil extracellular traps. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1296783. [PMID: 37936694 PMCID: PMC10626548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1296783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary colorectal cancer (CRC) often leads to liver metastasis, possibly due to the formation of pre-metastatic niche (PMN) in liver. Thus, unravelling the key modulator in metastasis is important for the development of clinical therapies. Gut microbiota dysregulation is a key event during CRC progression and metastasis. Numerous studies have elucidated the correlation between specific gut bacteria strains (e.g., pks + E. coli and Bacteroides fragilis) and CRC initiation, and gut bacteria translocation is commonly witnessed during CRC progression. Gut microbiota shapes tumor microenvironment (TME) through direct contact with immune cells or through its functional metabolites. However, how gut microbiota facilitates CRC metastasis remains controversial. Meanwhile, recent studies identify the dissemination of bacteria from gut lumen to liver, suggesting the role of gut microbiota in shaping tumor PMN. A pro-tumoral PMN is characterized by the infiltration of immunosuppressive cells and increased pro-inflammatory immune responses. Notably, neutrophils form web-like structures known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) both in primary TME and metastatic sites, NETs are involved in cancer progression and metastasis. In this review, we focus on the role of gut microbiota in CRC progression and metastasis, highlight the multiple functions of different immune cell types in TME, especially neutrophils and NETs, discuss the possible mechanisms of gut microbiota in shaping PMN formation, and provide therapeutical indications in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research and Lab Center, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Wenyan Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yayun Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Minliang Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Gorini F, Tonacci A. Tumor Microbial Communities and Thyroid Cancer Development-The Protective Role of Antioxidant Nutrients: Application Strategies and Future Directions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1898. [PMID: 37891977 PMCID: PMC10604861 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC), the most frequent malignancy of the endocrine system, has recorded an increasing incidence in the last decades. The etiology of TC remains at least partly unknown and, among modifiable risk factors, the gut microbiota and dietary nutrients (vitamins, essential microelements, polyphenols, probiotics) have been recognized to not only influence thyroid function, but exert critical effects on TC development and progression. Recent discoveries on the existence of tumor microbiota also in the TC microenvironment provide further evidence for the essential role of tumor microorganisms in TC etiology and severity, as well as acting as prognostic markers and as a potential target of adjuvant care in the treatment of TC patients. Therefore, in this review, we summarize current knowledge on the relationship of the tumor microbiome with the clinical tumor characteristics and TC progression, also illustrating the molecular mechanisms underlying this association, and how antioxidant nutrients may be used as a novel strategy to both control gut health and reduce the risk for TC. Furthermore, we discuss how new technologies might be exploited for the development of new foods with high nutritional values, antioxidant capability, and even attractiveness to the individual in terms of sensory and emotional features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gorini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
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23
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Pasquereau-Kotula E, Nigro G, Dingli F, Loew D, Poullet P, Xu Y, Kopetz S, Davis J, Peduto L, Robbe-Masselot C, Sansonetti P, Trieu-Cuot P, Dramsi S. Global proteomic identifies multiple cancer-related signaling pathways altered by a gut pathobiont associated with colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14960. [PMID: 37696912 PMCID: PMC10495336 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41951-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we investigated the oncogenic role of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus (SGG), a gut bacterium associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). We showed that SGG UCN34 accelerates colon tumor development in a chemically induced CRC murine model. Full proteome and phosphoproteome analysis of murine colons chronically colonized by SGG UCN34 revealed that 164 proteins and 725 phosphorylation sites were differentially regulated. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) indicates a pro-tumoral shift specifically induced by SGG UCN34, as ~ 90% of proteins and phosphoproteins identified were associated with digestive cancer. Comprehensive analysis of the altered phosphoproteins using ROMA software revealed up-regulation of several cancer hallmark pathways such as MAPK, mTOR and integrin/ILK/actin, affecting epithelial and stromal colonic cells. Importantly, an independent analysis of protein arrays of human colon tumors colonized with SGG showed up-regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK pathways, providing clinical relevance to our findings. To test SGG's capacity to induce pre-cancerous transformation of the murine colonic epithelium, we grew ex vivo organoids which revealed unusual structures with compact morphology. Taken together, our results demonstrate the oncogenic role of SGG UCN34 in a murine model of CRC associated with activation of multiple cancer-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pasquereau-Kotula
- Biology of Gram-Positive Pathogens Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - Giulia Nigro
- Stroma, Inflammation and Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, 75015, Paris, France
- Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Florent Dingli
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CurieCoreTech Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Damarys Loew
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CurieCoreTech Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Poullet
- Institut Curie, Bioinformatics Core Facility (CUBIC), INSERM U900, PSL Research University, Mines Paris Tech, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Yi Xu
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer Davis
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Lucie Peduto
- Stroma, Inflammation and Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Robbe-Masselot
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Sansonetti
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, INSERM U1202, and College de France, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Trieu-Cuot
- Biology of Gram-Positive Pathogens Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Shaynoor Dramsi
- Biology of Gram-Positive Pathogens Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, 75015, Paris, France.
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Shakhpazyan N, Mikhaleva L, Bedzhanyan A, Gioeva Z, Sadykhov N, Mikhalev A, Atiakshin D, Buchwalow I, Tiemann M, Orekhov A. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of the Tumor Stroma in Colorectal Cancer: Insights into Disease Progression and Therapeutic Targets. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2361. [PMID: 37760801 PMCID: PMC10525158 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health burden worldwide and is the third most common type of cancer. The early detection and diagnosis of CRC is critical to improve patient outcomes. This review explores the intricate interplay between the tumor microenvironment, stromal interactions, and the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer. The review begins by assessing the gut microbiome's influence on CRC development, emphasizing its association with gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). The role of the Wnt signaling pathway in CRC tumor stroma is scrutinized, elucidating its impact on disease progression. Tumor budding, its effect on tumor stroma, and the implications for patient prognosis are investigated. The review also identifies conserved oncogenic signatures (COS) within CRC stroma and explores their potential as therapeutic targets. Lastly, the seed and soil hypothesis is employed to contextualize metastasis, accentuating the significance of both tumor cells and the surrounding stroma in metastatic propensity. This review highlights the intricate interdependence between CRC cells and their microenvironment, providing valuable insights into prospective therapeutic approaches targeting tumor-stroma interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Shakhpazyan
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Liudmila Mikhaleva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Arkady Bedzhanyan
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Oncology II (Coloproctology and Uro-Gynecology), Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Zarina Gioeva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Nikolay Sadykhov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Alexander Mikhalev
- Department of Hospital Surgery No. 2, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Dmitri Atiakshin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
- Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, 394036 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Igor Buchwalow
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute for Hematopathology, 22547 Hamburg, Germany;
| | | | - Alexander Orekhov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (L.M.); (Z.G.); (N.S.); (A.O.)
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, 121096 Moscow, Russia
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25
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Bin Ismail CMKH, Bin Mohammad Aidid E, Binti Hamzah HA, Bin Shalihin MSE, Bin Md Nor A. Streptococcus gallolyticus infection: A neglected marker for colorectal cancer? Arab J Gastroenterol 2023; 24:163-167. [PMID: 37156704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in Malaysia and mostly detected at advanced stages due to lack of awareness of CRC symptoms and signs. CRC pathogenesis is multifactorial, and there is ambiguous evidence on association of Streptococcus gallolyticus infection with CRC that needs further attention. Thus, a case-control study was conducted to determine whether S. gallolyticus infection is a predictor for CRC occurrence among patients attending Sultan Ahmad Shah Medical Centre@IIUM (SASMEC@IIUM). PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 33 stool samples from patients diagnosed with CRC and 80 from patients without CRC attending surgical clinic of SASMEC@IIUM were collected and analyzed with iFOBT test and PCR assay to detect S. gallolyticus. RESULTS In this study, the proportion of S. gallolyticus infection was higher among patients with CRC (48.5%) compared with the control group (20%). Univariate analysis shows that occult blood in stool, S. gallolyticus infection and family history were significantly associated with the development of CRC (P < 0.05). Using the multivariate logistic regression model, positive stool PCR for S. gallolyticus had the lowest relative standard error and almost five times the odds of developing CRC after adjusting other factors (adjusted odds ratio = 4.7, 95% confidence interval = 1.7-12.6, relative standard error = 59.6%). CONCLUSION This finding suggests that S. gallolyticus infection was the strongest predictor of CRC's development in our study and potentially serves as a predictive marker for early detection of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edre Bin Mohammad Aidid
- Department of Community Medicine, Kuliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Hairul Aini Binti Hamzah
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kuliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shaiful Ehsan Bin Shalihin
- Department of Family Medicine, Kuliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Azmi Bin Md Nor
- Department of Surgery, Kuliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Pahang, Malaysia
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26
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Qu R, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Zhou X, Sun L, Jiang C, Zhang Z, Fu W. Role of the Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites in Tumorigenesis or Development of Colorectal Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205563. [PMID: 37263983 PMCID: PMC10427379 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cancer of the digestive system with high mortality and morbidity rates. Gut microbiota is found in the intestines, especially the colorectum, and has structured crosstalk interactions with the host that affect several physiological processes. The gut microbiota include CRC-promoting bacterial species, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, and Bacteroides fragilis, and CRC-protecting bacterial species, such as Clostridium butyricum, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, which along with other microorganisms, such as viruses and fungi, play critical roles in the development of CRC. Different bacterial features are identified in patients with early-onset CRC, combined with different patterns between fecal and intratumoral microbiota. The gut microbiota may be beneficial in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC; some bacteria may serve as biomarkers while others as regulators of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Furthermore, metabolites produced by the gut microbiota play essential roles in the crosstalk with CRC cells. Harmful metabolites include some primary bile acids and short-chain fatty acids, whereas others, including ursodeoxycholic acid and butyrate, are beneficial and impede tumor development and progression. This review focuses on the gut microbiota and its metabolites, and their potential roles in the development, diagnosis, and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruize Qu
- Department of General SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
- Cancer CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
- Cancer CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yanpeng Ma
- Department of General SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
- Cancer CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of General SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
- Cancer CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Lulu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health and Fertility PromotionPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Center of Basic Medical ResearchInstitute of Medical Innovation and ResearchThird HospitalPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Peking University)Ministry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease ResearchSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
- Cancer CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of General SurgeryPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
- Cancer CenterPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191P. R. China
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27
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Gong Y, Huang X, Wang M, Liang X. Intratumor microbiota: a novel tumor component. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:6675-6691. [PMID: 36639531 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04576-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria have been found in tumors for over 100 years, but the irreproducibility of experiments on bacteria, the limitations of science and technology, and the contamination of the host environment have severely hampered most research into the role of bacteria in carcinogenesis and cancer treatment. With the development of molecular tools and techniques (e.g., macrogenomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and macrotranscriptomics), the complex relationships between hosts and different microorganisms are gradually being deciphered. In the past, attention has been focused on the impact of the gut microbiota, the site where the body's microbes gather most, on tumors. However, little is known about the role of microbes from other sites, particularly the intratumor microbiota, in cancer. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have identified the presence of symbiotic microbiota within a large number of tumors, bringing the intratumor microbiota into the limelight. In this review, we aim to provide a better understanding of the role of the intratumor microbiota in cancer, to provide direction for future experimental and translational research, and to offer new approaches to the treatment of cancer and the improvement of patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Gong
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xinqi Huang
- Excellent Class, Clinical Medicine, Grade 20, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Minhui Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Liang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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28
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Osman IO, Caputo A, Pinault L, Mege JL, Levasseur A, Devaux CA. Identification and Characterization of an HtrA Sheddase Produced by Coxiella burnetii. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10904. [PMID: 37446087 PMCID: PMC10342153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Having previously shown that soluble E-cadherin (sE-cad) is found in sera of Q fever patients and that infection of BeWo cells by C. burnetii leads to modulation of the E-cad/β-cat pathway, our purpose was to identify which sheddase(s) might catalyze the cleavage of E-cad. Here, we searched for a direct mechanism of cleavage initiated by the bacterium itself, assuming the possible synthesis of a sheddase encoded in the genome of C. burnetii or an indirect mechanism based on the activation of a human sheddase. Using a straightforward bioinformatics approach to scan the complete genomes of four laboratory strains of C. burnetii, we demonstrate that C. burnetii encodes a 451 amino acid sheddase (CbHtrA) belonging to the HtrA family that is differently expressed according to the bacterial virulence. An artificial CbHtrA gene (CoxbHtrA) was expressed, and the CoxbHtrA recombinant protein was found to have sheddase activity. We also found evidence that the C. burnetii infection triggers an over-induction of the human HuHtrA gene expression. Finally, we demonstrate that cleavage of E-cad by CoxbHtrA on macrophages-THP-1 cells leads to an M2 polarization of the target cells and the induction of their secretion of IL-10, which "disarms" the target cells and improves C. burnetii replication. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the genome of C. burnetii encodes a functional HtrA sheddase and establishes a link between the HtrA sheddase-induced cleavage of E-cad, the M2 polarization of the target cells and their secretion of IL-10, and the intracellular replication of C. burnetii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Omar Osman
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infection (MEPHI) Laboratory, Aix-Marseille University, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)–Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (I.O.O.)
| | - Aurelia Caputo
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infection (MEPHI) Laboratory, Aix-Marseille University, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)–Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (I.O.O.)
| | - Lucile Pinault
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infection (MEPHI) Laboratory, Aix-Marseille University, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)–Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (I.O.O.)
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infection (MEPHI) Laboratory, Aix-Marseille University, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)–Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (I.O.O.)
- Laboratory of Immunology, Assitance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Anthony Levasseur
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infection (MEPHI) Laboratory, Aix-Marseille University, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)–Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (I.O.O.)
| | - Christian A. Devaux
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infection (MEPHI) Laboratory, Aix-Marseille University, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)–Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (I.O.O.)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 13009 Marseille, France
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Zhao LY, Mei JX, Yu G, Lei L, Zhang WH, Liu K, Chen XL, Kołat D, Yang K, Hu JK. Role of the gut microbiota in anticancer therapy: from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:201. [PMID: 37179402 PMCID: PMC10183032 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01406-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past period, due to the rapid development of next-generation sequencing technology, accumulating evidence has clarified the complex role of the human microbiota in the development of cancer and the therapeutic response. More importantly, available evidence seems to indicate that modulating the composition of the gut microbiota to improve the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs may be feasible. However, intricate complexities exist, and a deep and comprehensive understanding of how the human microbiota interacts with cancer is critical to realize its full potential in cancer treatment. The purpose of this review is to summarize the initial clues on molecular mechanisms regarding the mutual effects between the gut microbiota and cancer development, and to highlight the relationship between gut microbes and the efficacy of immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and cancer surgery, which may provide insights into the formulation of individualized therapeutic strategies for cancer management. In addition, the current and emerging microbial interventions for cancer therapy as well as their clinical applications are summarized. Although many challenges remain for now, the great importance and full potential of the gut microbiota cannot be overstated for the development of individualized anti-cancer strategies, and it is necessary to explore a holistic approach that incorporates microbial modulation therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Xin Mei
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Yu
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University; Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Han Zhang
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Long Chen
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Damian Kołat
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jian-Kun Hu
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Huang Z, Chang Y, Hao K, Tan Y, Ding L, Wang L, Wang Z, Pan Z, Gao H, Wu J, Zhu Y, Gao Q, Bi Y, Yang R. Immunomagnetic-bead enriched culturomics (IMBEC) for isolating pathobionts from feces of colorectal cancer patients. IMETA 2023; 2:e100. [PMID: 38868439 PMCID: PMC10989793 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Culturomics employs various cultivating conditions to obtain different types of bacteria and new species. However, current culturomics lacks a highly efficient method for isolating specific pathobionts. Immunomagnetic bead technology, which uses magnetic beads conjugated with antibodies for capturing the antigen to realize enrichment of the targets, has been employed as an alternative method. In this study, we developed a novel method, immunomagnetic bead-enriched culturomics (IMBEC), in which magnetic bead-conjugated antibodies purified from the fecal samples of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) were used to enrich and isolate potential pathobionts. A protocol for enriching potential pathobionts via immunomagnetic capture was developed by optimizing the concentrations of coupling reagents, NaCl, and detergent. The efficacy of pathobiont enrichment was compared between antibody-coated magnetic beads (antibody group) and nonconjugated blank magnetic beads (blank group). To determine the proinflammatory potential of isolates from both groups, we investigated their ability to induce cytokine production in THP-1 macrophages. This protocol was employed for isolating bacteria from 10 fecal samples of patients with CRC, which were simultaneously compared with those isolated from the blank group. A total of 209 bacterial species were isolated from both groups, including 173 from the antibody group, 160 from the blank group, and 124 from both groups. Bacteria isolated from the antibody group produced more proinflammatory cytokines than those isolated from the blank group. IMBEC is a promising method for relatively specific isolation of potential pathobionts for a particular disease of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziran Huang
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingChina
| | - Yuxiao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingChina
| | - Kun Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of POCT for Bioemergency and Clinic (BZ0329)BeijingChina
| | - Yafang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of POCT for Bioemergency and Clinic (BZ0329)BeijingChina
| | - Lei Ding
- Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Likun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingChina
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingChina
| | - Zhiyuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingChina
| | - Hong Gao
- Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jiahong Wu
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Yubing Zhu
- Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qi Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of POCT for Bioemergency and Clinic (BZ0329)BeijingChina
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of POCT for Bioemergency and Clinic (BZ0329)BeijingChina
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BiosecurityBeijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of POCT for Bioemergency and Clinic (BZ0329)BeijingChina
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Iadsee N, Chuaypen N, Techawiwattanaboon T, Jinato T, Patcharatrakul T, Malakorn S, Petchlorlian A, Praditpornsilpa K, Patarakul K. Identification of a novel gut microbiota signature associated with colorectal cancer in Thai population. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6702. [PMID: 37095272 PMCID: PMC10126090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33794-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Dysbiosis of human gut microbiota has been linked to sporadic CRC. This study aimed to compare the gut microbiota profiles of 80 Thai volunteers over 50 years of age among 25 CRC patients, 33 patients with adenomatous polyp, and 22 healthy controls. The 16S rRNA sequencing was utilized to characterize the gut microbiome in both mucosal tissue and stool samples. The results revealed that the luminal microbiota incompletely represented the intestinal bacteria at the mucus layer. The mucosal microbiota in beta diversity differed significantly among the three groups. The stepwise increase of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides according to the adenomas-carcinomas sequence was found. Moreover, linear discriminant analysis effect size showed a higher level of Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum (ER), an opportunistic pathogen in the immunocompromised host, in both sample types of CRC patients. These findings indicated that the imbalance of intestinal microorganisms might involve in CRC tumorigenesis. Additionally, absolute quantitation of bacterial burden by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) confirmed the increasing ER levels in both sample types of cancer cases. Using ER as a stool-based biomarker for CRC detection by qPCR could predict CRC in stool samples with a specificity of 72.7% and a sensitivity of 64.7%. These results suggested ER might be a potential noninvasive marker for CRC screening development. However, a larger sample size is required to validate this candidate biomarker in diagnosing CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutta Iadsee
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natthaya Chuaypen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teerasit Techawiwattanaboon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Chula Vaccine Research Center (Chula VRC), Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thananya Jinato
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Medical Sciences, Graduate Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanisa Patcharatrakul
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Songphol Malakorn
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aisawan Petchlorlian
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Geriatric Excellence Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kearkiat Praditpornsilpa
- Geriatric Excellence Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanitha Patarakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Chula Vaccine Research Center (Chula VRC), Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Taylor JC, Kumar R, Xu J, Xu Y. A pathogenicity locus of Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6291. [PMID: 37072463 PMCID: PMC10113328 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (Sgg) is known to be strongly associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent functional studies further demonstrated that Sgg actively stimulates CRC cell proliferation and promotes the development of colon tumors. However, the Sgg factors important for the pro-proliferative and pro-tumor activities of Sgg remain unclear. Here, we identified a chromosomal locus in Sgg strain TX20005. Deletion of this locus significantly reduced Sgg adherence to CRC cells and abrogated the ability of Sgg to stimulate CRC cell proliferation. Thus, we designate this locus as the Sgg pathogenicity-associated region (SPAR). More importantly, we found that SPAR is important for Sgg pathogenicity in vivo. In a gut colonization model, mice exposed to the SPAR deletion mutant showed significantly reduced Sgg load in the colonic tissues and fecal materials, suggesting that SPAR contributes to the colonization capacity of Sgg. In a mouse model of CRC, deletion of SPAR abolished the ability of Sgg to promote the development of colon tumors growth. Taken together, these results highlight SPAR as a critical pathogenicity determinant of Sgg.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Culver Taylor
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences of Technology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ritesh Kumar
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences of Technology, Houston, TX, USA
- IFF Health and Biosciences, Madison, USA
| | - Juan Xu
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences of Technology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yi Xu
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences of Technology, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, UT Health, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas, USA.
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Sillo TO, Beggs AD, Middleton G, Akingboye A. The Gut Microbiome, Microsatellite Status and the Response to Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065767. [PMID: 36982838 PMCID: PMC10054450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence in a range of cancer types that the microbiome plays a direct role in modulating the anti-cancer immune response both at the gut level and systemically. Differences in the gut microbiota have been shown to correlate with differences in immunotherapy responses in a range of non-gastrointestinal tract cancers. DNA mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC) is radically different to DNA mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) CRC in clinical phenotype and in its very good responses to immunotherapy. While this has usually been thought to be due to the high mutational burden in dMMR CRC, the gut microbiome is radically different in dMMR and pMMR CRC in terms of both composition and diversity. It is probable that differences in the gut microbiota contribute to the varied responses to immunotherapy in dMMR versus pMMR CRC. Targeting the microbiome offers a way to boost the response and increase the selection of patients who might benefit from this therapy. This paper reviews the available literature on the role of the microbiome in the response to immunotherapy in dMMR and pMMR CRC, explores the potential causal relationship and discusses future directions for study in this exciting and rapidly changing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toritseju O Sillo
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrew D Beggs
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Gary Middleton
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Senchukova MA. Genetic heterogeneity of colorectal cancer and the microbiome. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:443-463. [PMID: 37009315 PMCID: PMC10052667 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i3.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2020, the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the World Health Organization's GLOBOCAN database ranked colorectal cancer (CRC) as the third most common cancer in the world. Most cases of CRC (> 95%) are sporadic and develop from colorectal polyps that can progress to intramucosal carcinoma and CRC. Increasing evidence is accumulating that the gut microbiota can play a key role in the initiation and progression of CRC, as well as in the treatment of CRC, acting as an important metabolic and immunological regulator. Factors that may determine the microbiota role in CRC carcinogenesis include inflammation, changes in intestinal stem cell function, impact of bacterial metabolites on gut mucosa, accumulation of genetic mutations and other factors. In this review, I discuss the major mechanisms of the development of sporadic CRC, provide detailed characteristics of the bacteria that are most often associated with CRC, and analyze the role of the microbiome and microbial metabolites in inflammation initiation, activation of proliferative activity in intestinal epithelial and stem cells, and the development of genetic and epigenetic changes in CRC. I consider long-term studies in this direction to be very important, as they open up new opportunities for the treatment and prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Senchukova
- Department of Oncology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460000, Russia
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Wen X, Ye X, Yang X, Jiang R, Qian C, Wang X. The crosstalk between intestinal bacterial microbiota and immune cells in colorectal cancer progression. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:620-632. [PMID: 36376701 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02995-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Different types of cells that are involved in tumor immunity play a significant part in antitumor therapy. The intestinal microbiota consist of the trillions of diverse microorganisms that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, much emphasis has been paid to the link between these symbionts and colorectal cancer (CRC). This association might be anything from oncogenesis and cancer development to resistance or susceptibility to chemotherapeutic medicines. Cancer patients have a significantly different microbial composition in their guts compared to healthy persons. The microbiome may play a role in the development and development of cancer through the modulation of tumor immunosurveillance, as shown by these studies; however, the specific processes underlying this role are still poorly understood. This review focuses on the relationship between the intestinal bacterial microbiota and immune cells to determine how the commensal microbiome influences the initiation and development of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozi Wen
- Linping Campus of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xufang Ye
- Linping Campus of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuejun Yang
- Linping Campus of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rujin Jiang
- Linping Campus of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Qian
- Linping Campus of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianjun Wang
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Li N, Zhou H, Holden VK, Deepak J, Dhilipkannah P, Todd NW, Stass SA, Jiang F. Streptococcus pneumoniae promotes lung cancer development and progression. iScience 2023; 26:105923. [PMID: 36685035 PMCID: PMC9852931 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) is associated with lung cancer, yet its role in the tumorigenesis remains uncertain. Herein we find that SP attaches to lung cancer cells via binding pneumococcal surface protein C (PspC) to platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR). Interaction between PspC and PAFR stimulates cell proliferation and activates PI3K/AKT and nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) signaling pathways, which trigger a pro-inflammatory response. Lung cancer cells infected with SP form larger tumors in BALB/C mice compared to untreated cells. Mice treated with tobacco carcinogen and SP develop more lung tumors and had shorter survival period than mice treated with the carcinogen alone. Mutating PspC or PAFR abolishes tumor-promoting effects of SP. Overabundance of SP is associated with the survival. SP may play a driving role in lung tumorigenesis by activating PI3K/AKT and NF-kB pathways via binding PspC to PAFR and provide a microbial target for diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Huifen Zhou
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Van K. Holden
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janaki Deepak
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pushpa Dhilipkannah
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nevins W. Todd
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sanford A. Stass
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Pandey H, Tang DWT, Wong SH, Lal D. Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer: Biological Role and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030866. [PMID: 36765824 PMCID: PMC9913759 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While CRC is thought to be an interplay between genetic and environmental factors, several lines of evidence suggest the involvement of gut microbiota in promoting inflammation and tumor progression. Gut microbiota refer to the ~40 trillion microorganisms that inhabit the human gut. Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies and metagenomics have provided new insights into the gut microbial ecology and have helped in linking gut microbiota to CRC. Many studies carried out in humans and animal models have emphasized the role of certain gut bacteria, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and colibactin-producing Escherichia coli, in the onset and progression of CRC. Metagenomic studies have opened up new avenues for the application of gut microbiota in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CRC. This review article summarizes the role of gut microbiota in CRC development and its use as a biomarker to predict the disease and its potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Pandey
- Redcliffe Labs, Electronic City, Noida 201301, India
| | - Daryl W. T. Tang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Sunny H. Wong
- Centre for Microbiome Medicine, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Correspondence: (S.H.W.); (D.L.)
| | - Devi Lal
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Correspondence: (S.H.W.); (D.L.)
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Corredoira J, Grau I, Garcia-Rodriguez JF, Romay E, Cuervo G, Berbel D, Ayuso B, García-Pais MJ, Rabuñal R, García-Garrote F, Alonso MP, Pallarés R. Species and biotypes of Streptococcus bovis causing infective endocarditis. ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2023; 41:215-220. [PMID: 36610830 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2021.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Streptococcus bovis/equinus complex (SBEC) is a major cause of infective endocarditis (IE), although its incidence varies greatly depending on the geographical area. The characteristics of IE caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus susp. gallolyticus are well known; there are hardly any descriptions of IE caused by other species or biotypes. METHODS Retrospective cohort study, from 1990 to 2019, of all SBEC IE in adults in three Spanish hospitals, Lugo (LH), Barcelona (BH) and Ferrol (FH) where the population is mainly rural, urban and mixed, respectively. The incidence of IE was analyzed in 3 areas. Clinical characteristics of IE (277 cases, 258 biotyped) were compared according to SBEC species and biotypes. RESULTS There are significant differences between the incidence of SBEC IE in HL (27.9/106) vs. HF and HB (8.8 and 7,1, respectively, p<0.001). We found significant differences (SbI vs. SbII) in mean age (68.5 vs. 73 years; p<0.01), duration of symptoms before diagnosis (46.9±46.5 vs. 30.4±40.9 days; p<0.01), presence of comorbidities: 39.1% (78) vs. 54.2% (32; p<0.04), predisposing heart illness:62.3% (124) vs. 81.3% (48; p<0.006), particularly, prosthetic or intravascular devices IE: 24.6% (49) vs. 52.4% (31; p<0.001), bi-valve involvement:23.6% (47) vs. 11.8% (7; p<0.05) and heart failure: 24.6% (49) vs. 38.9% (23; p<0.03). There were no significant differences in embolic events, need for surgery or mortality. The association with CRC was high in both groups: 77.7% vs. 66.6%. CONCLUSIONS IE due to SBEC has geographical variations in incidence and different clinical characteristics among biotypes. The association with CRC was high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Corredoira
- Infectious Disease Unit, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | - Inma Grau
- Infectious Disease Unit, Hospital Bellvitge, Ciberes, Idibell, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Eva Romay
- Infectious Disease Unit, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Cuervo
- Infectious Disease Unit, Hospital Bellvitge, Ciberes, Idibell, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Damaris Berbel
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Bellvitge, Ciberes, Idibell, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blanca Ayuso
- Infectious Disease Unit, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | | | - Román Rabuñal
- Infectious Disease Unit, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | | | - Mª Pilar Alonso
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | - Román Pallarés
- Infectious Disease Unit, Hospital Bellvitge, Ciberes, Idibell, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
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Pirini F, Cortesi M, Tumedei MM, Zanoni M, Ravaioli S, Bravaccini S. Tumor resident microbiota and response to therapies: An insight on tissue bacterial microbiota. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1048360. [PMID: 36684442 PMCID: PMC9845623 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1048360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the intestinal microbiota in the promotion, progression, and response to therapies is gaining importance, but recent studies confirm the presence of microbiota also in the tumor, thus becoming a component of the tumor microenvironment. There is not much knowledge on the characteristics and mechanisms of action of the tumor resident microbiota, but there are already indications of its involvement in conditioning the response to therapies. In this review, we discuss recent publications on the interaction between microbiota and anticancer treatments, mechanisms of resistance and possible strategies for manipulating the microbiota that could improve treatments in a personalized medicine perspective.
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Implication of gut microbes and its metabolites in colorectal cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:441-465. [PMID: 36572792 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04422-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer with a significant impact on loss of life. In 2020, nearly 1.9 million new cases and over 9,35,000 deaths were reported. Numerous microbes that are abundant in the human gut benefit host physiology in many ways. Although the underlying mechanism is still unknown, their association appears to be crucial in the beginning and progression of CRC. Diet has a significant impact on the microbial composition and may increase the chance of getting CRC. Increasing evidence points to the gut microbiota as the primary initiator of colonic inflammation, which is connected to the development of colonic tumors. However, it is unclear how the microbiota contributes to the development of CRCs. Patients with CRC have been found to have dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, which can be identified by a decline in commensal bacterial species, such as those that produce butyrate, and a concurrent increase in harmful bacterial populations, such as opportunistic pathogens that produce pro-inflammatory cytokines. We believe that using probiotics or altering the gut microbiota will likely be effective tools in the fight against CRC treatment. PURPOSE In this review, we revisited the association between gut microbiota and colorectal cancer whether cause or effect. The various factors which influence gut microbiome in patients with CRC and possible mechanism in relation with development of CRC. CONCLUSION The clinical significance of the intestinal microbiota may aid in the prevention and management of CRC.
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Prospect of bacteria for tumor diagnosis and treatment. Life Sci 2022; 312:121215. [PMID: 36414093 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, the comprehensive cancer treatments including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have improved the overall survival rate and quality of life of many cancer patients. However, we are still facing many difficult problems in the cancer treatment, such as unpredictable side effects, high recurrence rate, and poor curative effect. Therefore, the better intervention strategies are needed in this field. In recent years, the role and importance of microbiota in a variety of diseases were focused on as a hot research topic, and the role of some intracellular bacteria of cancer cells in carcinogenesis has recently been discovered. The impact of bacteria on cancer is not limited to their contribution to tumorigenesis, but the overall susceptibility of bacteria to subsequent tumor progression, the development of concurrent infections, and the response to anti-cancer therapy have also been found to be affected. Concerns about the contribution of bacteria in the anti-cancer response have inspired researchers to develop bacteria-based anti-cancer treatments. In this paper, we reviewed the main roles of bacteria in the occurrence and development of tumors, and summarized the mechanism of bacteria in the occurrence, development, and clinical anti-tumor treatment of tumors, providing new insights for the in-depth study of the role of bacteria in tumor diagnosis and treatment. This review aims to provide a new perspective for the development of new technologies based on bacteria to enhance anti-tumor immunotherapy.
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Haque S, Raina R, Afroze N, Hussain A, Alsulimani A, Singh V, Mishra BN, Kaul S, Kharwar RN. Microbial dysbiosis and epigenetics modulation in cancer development - A chemopreventive approach. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:666-681. [PMID: 34216789 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
An overwhelming number of research articles have reported a strong relationship of the microbiome with cancer. Microbes have been observed more commonly in the body fluids like urine, stool, mucus of people with cancer compared to the healthy controls. The microbiota is responsible for both progression and suppression activities of various diseases. Thus, to maintain healthy human physiology, host and microbiota relationship should be in a balanced state. Any disturbance in this equilibrium, referred as microbiome dysbiosis becomes a prime cause for the human body to become more prone to immunodeficiency and cancer. It is well established that some of these microbes are the causative agents, whereas others may encourage the formation of tumours, but very little is known about how these microbial communications causing change at gene and epigenome level and trigger as well as encourage the tumour growth. Various studies have reported that microbes in the gut influence DNA methylation, DNA repair and DNA damage. The genes and pathways that are altered by gut microbes are also associated with cancer advancement, predominantly those implicated in cell growth and cell signalling pathways. This study exhaustively reviews the current research advancements in understanding of dysbiosis linked with colon, lung, ovarian, breast cancers and insights into the potential molecular targets of the microbiome promoting carcinogenesis, the epigenetic alterations of various potential targets by altered microbiota, as well as the role of various chemopreventive agents for timely prevention and customized treatment against various types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia; Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Görükle Campus, 16059, Nilüfer, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ritu Raina
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nazia Afroze
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ahmad Alsulimani
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vineeta Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, 226021, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhartendu Nath Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, 226021, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjana Kaul
- School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006, J&K, India
| | - Ravindra Nath Kharwar
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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Kamali N, Talebi Bezmin Abadi A, Abadi B, Rahimi F, Forootan M. Identification of Streptococcus gallolyticus in tumor samples of Iranian patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. BMC Res Notes 2022; 15:316. [PMID: 36199123 PMCID: PMC9532806 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-022-06207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Clinical outcomes of infection by S. gallolyticus have not been investigated extensively. We aimed to determine the prevalence of S. gallolyticus in tumor specimens obtained from Iranian patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm the presence of S. gallolyticus in patients’ tissue samples. Results Of 176 patients, 65 were diagnosed with colorectal cancer whereas 111 did not have any colon disease. No correlation was found between age, colonization with S. gallolyticus, gender, or risk factors. Overall, 72 (40%) patients carried S. gallolyticus; only 29% of the patients without colorectal cancer were positive for S. gallolyticus. Diagnosis of colorectal cancer and presence of S. gallolyticus significantly correlated (P = 0.006; odds ratio = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.21–3.87). Among the patients with colorectal cancer, 39 (60%) were positive with S. gallolyticus (P = 0.006) whereas 33 of 111 (29.7%) control subjects were positive for S. gallolyticus (P > 0.05); thus, 70.3% of the control subjects were not infected with S. gallolyticus. We found a high prevalence of S. gallolyticus among an Iranian cohort of patients with colorectal cancer. Despite previous reports, we report a positive correlation between colorectal cancer and S. gallolyticus colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Kamali
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Talebi Bezmin Abadi
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bezmin Abadi
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Rahimi
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Ngunnawal and Ngambri Country, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Mojgan Forootan
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kumar R, Taylor JC, Jain A, Jung SY, Garza V, Xu Y. Modulation of the extracellular matrix by Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus and importance in cell proliferation. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010894. [PMID: 36191045 PMCID: PMC9560553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (Sgg) has a strong clinical association with colorectal cancer (CRC) and actively promotes the development of colon tumors. Previous work showed that this organism stimulates CRC cells proliferation and tumor growth. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these activities are not well understood. Here, we found that Sgg upregulates the expression of several type of collagens in HT29 and HCT116 cells, with type VI collagen (ColVI) being the highest upregulated type. Knockdown of ColVI abolished the ability of Sgg to induce cell proliferation and reduced the adherence of Sgg to CRC cells. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important regulator of cell proliferation. Therefore, we further examined the role of decellularized matrix (dc-matrix), which is free of live bacteria or cells, in Sgg-induced cell proliferation. Dc-matrix prepared from Sgg-treated cells showed a significantly higher pro-proliferative activity than that from untreated cells or cells treated with control bacteria. On the other hand, dc-matrix from Sgg-treated ColVI knockdown cells showed no difference in the capacity to support cell proliferation compared to that from untreated ColVI knockdown cells, suggesting that the ECM by itself is a mediator of Sgg-induced cell proliferation. Furthermore, Sgg treatment of CRC cells but not ColVI knockdown CRC cells resulted in significantly larger tumors in vivo, suggesting that ColVI is important for Sgg to promote tumor growth in vivo. These results highlight a dynamic bidirectional interplay between Sgg and the ECM, where Sgg upregulates collagen expression. The Sgg-modified ECM in turn affects the ability of Sgg to adhere to host cells and more importantly, acts as a mediator for Sgg-induced CRC cell proliferation. Taken together, our results reveal a novel mechanism in which Sgg stimulates CRC proliferation through modulation of the ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Kumar
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - John Culver Taylor
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Antrix Jain
- MS Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sung Yun Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Victor Garza
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yi Xu
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, UT Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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Proinflammatory and Cancer-Promoting Pathobiont Fusobacterium nucleatum Directly Targets Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091256. [PMID: 36139097 PMCID: PMC9496236 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal bacterial communities participate in gut homeostasis and are recognized as crucial in bowel inflammation and colorectal cancer (CRC). Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), a pathobiont of the oral microflora, has recently emerged as a CRC-associated microbe linked to disease progression, metastasis, and a poor clinical outcome; however, the primary cellular and/or microenvironmental targets of this agent remain elusive. We report here that Fn directly targets putative colorectal cancer stem cells (CR-CSCs), a tumor cell subset endowed with cancer re-initiating capacity after surgery and chemotherapy. A patient-derived CSC line, highly enriched (70%) for the stem marker CD133, was expanded as tumor spheroids, dissociated, and exposed in vitro to varying amounts (range 100–500 MOI) of Fn. We found that Fn stably adheres to CSCs, likely by multiple interactions involving the tumor-associated Gal-GalNac disaccharide and the Fn-docking protein CEA-family cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM-1), robustly expressed on CSCs. Importantly, Fn elicited innate immune responses in CSCs and triggered a growth factor-like, protein tyrosine phosphorylation cascade largely dependent on CEACAM-1 and culminating in the activation of p42/44 MAP kinase. Thus, the direct stimulation of CSCs by Fn may contribute to microbiota-driven colorectal carcinogenesis and represent a target for innovative therapies.
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Chen YL, Huang KC, Wu JH, Liu T, Chen JW, Xie JY, Chen MY, Wu LW, Tung CL. Microbiome dysbiosis inhibits carcinogen-induced murine oral tumorigenesis. J Cancer 2022; 13:3051-3060. [PMID: 36046649 PMCID: PMC9414028 DOI: 10.7150/jca.75947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and ranks fourth for the mortality rate of cancers in males in Taiwan. The oral microbiota is the microbial community in the oral cavity, which is essential for maintaining oral health, but the relationship between oral tumorigenesis and the oral microbiota remains to be clarified. This study evaluated the effect of microbiome dysbiosis on oral carcinogenesis in mice, and the impact of the microbiome and its metabolic pathways on regulating oral carcinogenesis. We found that antibiotics treatment decreases carcinogen-induced oral epithelial malignant transformation. Microbiome analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the species richness of fecal specimens was significantly reduced in antibiotic-treated mice, while that in the salivary specimens was not decreased accordingly. Differences in bacterial composition, including Lactobacillus animalis abundance, in the salivary samples of cancer-bearing mice was dramatically decreased. L. animalis was the bacterial species that increased the most in the saliva of antibiotic-treated mice, suggesting that L. animalis may be negatively associated with oral carcinogenesis. In functional analysis, the microbiome in the saliva of the tumor-bearing group showed greater potential for polyamine biosynthesis. Immunochemical staining proved that spermine oxidase, an effective polyamine oxidase, was upregulated in mouse oral cancer lesions. In conclusion, oral microbiome dysbiosis may alter polyamine metabolic pathways and reduce carcinogen-induced malignant transformation of the oral epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Ling Chen
- Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chih Huang
- Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Horng Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsunglin Liu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jiung-Wen Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yan Xie
- Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yen Chen
- Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wha Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Tung
- Department of Oral Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 60080, Taiwan
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Baranova E, Druzhinin V, Matskova L, Demenkov P, Volobaev V, Minina V, Larionov A, Titov V. Sputum Microbiome Composition in Patients with Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091365. [PMID: 36143401 PMCID: PMC9501211 DOI: 10.3390/life12091365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent findings indicate that the host microbiome can have a significant impact on the development of lung cancer by inducing an inflammatory response, causing dysbiosis, and generating genome damage. The aim of this study was to search for bacterial communities specifically associated with squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). Methods: In this study, the taxonomic composition of the sputum microbiome of 40 men with untreated LUSC was compared with that of 40 healthy controls. Next-Generation sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes was used to determine the taxonomic composition of the respiratory microbiome. Results: There were no differences in alpha diversity between the LUSC and control groups. Meanwhile, differences in the structure of bacterial communities (β diversity) among patients and controls differed significantly in sputum samples (pseudo-F = 1.53; p = 0.005). Genera of Streptococcus, Bacillus, Gemella, and Haemophilus were found to be significantly enriched in patients with LUSC compared to the control subjects, while 19 bacterial genera were significantly reduced, indicating a decrease in beta diversity in the microbiome of patients with LUSC. Conclusions: Among other candidates, Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) emerges as the most likely LUSC biomarker, but more research is needed to confirm this assumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Baranova
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo 650000, Russia
| | - Vladimir Druzhinin
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo 650000, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ludmila Matskova
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236041, Russia
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor Biology and Cell Biology (MTC), 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pavel Demenkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Valentin Volobaev
- Scientific Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
| | - Varvara Minina
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo 650000, Russia
- Institute of Human Ecology, Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russia Academy of Sciences, Kemerovo 650065, Russia
| | - Alexey Larionov
- Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo 650000, Russia
| | - Victor Titov
- Kemerovo Regional Oncology Center, Kemerovo 654005, Russia
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Quaglio AEV, Grillo TG, De Oliveira ECS, Di Stasi LC, Sassaki LY. Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:4053-4060. [PMID: 36157114 PMCID: PMC9403435 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i30.4053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that inhabit the digestive tracts of humans, living in symbiosis with the host. Dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance between the beneficial and opportunistic gut microbiota, is associated with several gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), represented by ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease; and colorectal cancer (CRC). Dysbiosis can disrupt the mucosal barrier, resulting in perpetuation of inflammation and carcinogenesis. The increase in some specific groups of harmful bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) and enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), has been associated with chronic tissue inflammation and the release of pro-inflammatory and carcinogenic mediators, increasing the chance of developing CRC, following the inflammation-dysplasia-cancer sequence in IBD patients. Therefore, the aim of the present review was to analyze the correlation between changes in the gut microbiota and the development and maintenance of IBD, CRC, and IBD-associated CRC. Patients with IBD and CRC have shown reduced bacterial diversity and abundance compared to healthy individuals, with enrichment of Firmicute sand Bacteroidetes. Specific bacteria are also associated with the onset and progression of CRC, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus gallolyticus, and ETBF. Future research can evaluate the advantages of modulating the gut microbiota as preventive measures in CRC high-risk patients, directly affecting the prognosis of the disease and the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Elisa Valencise Quaglio
- Departament of Biophysics and Pharmacology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Thais Gagno Grillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Botucatu 18618-686, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Ellen Cristina Souza De Oliveira
- Department of Internal Medicine, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Botucatu 18618-686, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Luiz Claudio Di Stasi
- Departament of Biophysics and Pharmacology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Ligia Yukie Sassaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Botucatu 18618-686, São Paulo State, Brazil
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Parmar S, Easwaran H. Genetic and epigenetic dependencies in colorectal cancer development. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2022; 10:goac035. [PMID: 35975243 PMCID: PMC9373935 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goac035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have mapped key genetic changes in colorectal cancer (CRC) that impact important pathways contributing to the multistep models for CRC initiation and development. In parallel with genetic changes, normal and cancer tissues harbor epigenetic alterations impacting regulation of critical genes that have been shown to play profound roles in the tumor initiation. Cumulatively, these molecular changes are only loosely associated with heterogenous transcriptional programs, reflecting the heterogeneity in the various CRC molecular subtypes and the paths to CRC development. Studies from mapping molecular alterations in early CRC lesions and use of experimental models suggest that the intricate dependencies of various genetic and epigenetic hits shape the early development of CRC via different pathways and its manifestation into various CRC subtypes. We highlight the dependency of epigenetic and genetic changes in driving CRC development and discuss factors affecting epigenetic alterations over time and, by extension, risk for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehej Parmar
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hariharan Easwaran
- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Kasamatsu A, Fukushima K, Horiuchi M, Sekiya N. Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus bacteremia accompanied by acute pancreatitis. J Infect Chemother 2022; 28:1663-1666. [PMID: 35963602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus has a well-known association with colorectal cancer, an epidemiological association between S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus (SGSP) and hepatobiliary diseases has been suggested. Here we described a case of gallstone pancreatitis and SGSP bacteremia in which species-identification by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) helped to diagnose the biliary etiology. CASE REPORT A 61-year-old Japanese man without history of alcohol consumption was hospitalized for acute pancreatitis. His past medical history included endoscopically treated familial adenomatous polyposis. A blood culture grew gram-positive cocci, identified to be SGSP by MALDI-TOF MS. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan showed pancreatic enlargement and increased fatty tissue concentration around the perirenal and pararenal space. He was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis and subsequently recovered after appropriate antimicrobial therapy and supportive care. Subsequent magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed gallstones in the gallbladder neck, suggesting the cause of the acute pancreatitis. Seven months after admission, cholecystectomy was performed for cholelithiasis. CONCLUSION This case highlights that the identification of subspecies enabled by MALDI-TOF MS supports the diagnosis of the underlying etiology from the microbiological point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayu Kasamatsu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Fukushima
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Japan
| | - Masao Horiuchi
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Japan
| | - Noritaka Sekiya
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Japan.
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