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Zepeda-Rivera M, Minot SS, Bouzek H, Wu H, Blanco-Míguez A, Manghi P, Jones DS, LaCourse KD, Wu Y, McMahon EF, Park SN, Lim YK, Kempchinsky AG, Willis AD, Cotton SL, Yost SC, Sicinska E, Kook JK, Dewhirst FE, Segata N, Bullman S, Johnston CD. A distinct Fusobacterium nucleatum clade dominates the colorectal cancer niche. Nature 2024; 628:424-432. [PMID: 38509359 PMCID: PMC11006615 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07182-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), a bacterium present in the human oral cavity and rarely found in the lower gastrointestinal tract of healthy individuals1, is enriched in human colorectal cancer (CRC) tumours2-5. High intratumoural Fn loads are associated with recurrence, metastases and poorer patient prognosis5-8. Here, to delineate Fn genetic factors facilitating tumour colonization, we generated closed genomes for 135 Fn strains; 80 oral strains from individuals without cancer and 55 unique cancer strains cultured from tumours from 51 patients with CRC. Pangenomic analyses identified 483 CRC-enriched genetic factors. Tumour-isolated strains predominantly belong to Fn subspecies animalis (Fna). However, genomic analyses reveal that Fna, considered a single subspecies, is instead composed of two distinct clades (Fna C1 and Fna C2). Of these, only Fna C2 dominates the CRC tumour niche. Inter-Fna analyses identified 195 Fna C2-associated genetic factors consistent with increased metabolic potential and colonization of the gastrointestinal tract. In support of this, Fna C2-treated mice had an increased number of intestinal adenomas and altered metabolites. Microbiome analysis of human tumour tissue from 116 patients with CRC demonstrated Fna C2 enrichment. Comparison of 62 paired specimens showed that only Fna C2 is tumour enriched compared to normal adjacent tissue. This was further supported by metagenomic analysis of stool samples from 627 patients with CRC and 619 healthy individuals. Collectively, our results identify the Fna clade bifurcation, show that specifically Fna C2 drives the reported Fn enrichment in human CRC and reveal the genetic underpinnings of pathoadaptation of Fna C2 to the CRC niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Zepeda-Rivera
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Samuel S Minot
- Data Core, Shared Resources, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Heather Bouzek
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hanrui Wu
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aitor Blanco-Míguez
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Paolo Manghi
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Dakota S Jones
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Ying Wu
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elsa F McMahon
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Soon-Nang Park
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun K Lim
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Amy D Willis
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Ewa Sicinska
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joong-Ki Kook
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Floyd E Dewhirst
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Susan Bullman
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Christopher D Johnston
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
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2
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Gao W, Gao X, Zhu L, Gao S, Sun R, Feng Z, Wu D, Liu Z, Zhu R, Jiao N. Multimodal metagenomic analysis reveals microbial single nucleotide variants as superior biomarkers for early detection of colorectal cancer. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2245562. [PMID: 37635357 PMCID: PMC10464540 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2245562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial signatures show remarkable potentials in predicting colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic powers of multimodal microbial signatures, multi-kingdom species, genes, and single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) for detecting precancerous adenomas. We performed cross-cohort analyses on whole metagenome sequencing data of 750 samples via xMarkerFinder to identify adenoma-associated microbial multimodal signatures. Our data revealed that fungal species outperformed species from other kingdoms with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.71 in distinguishing adenomas from controls. The microbial SNVs, including dark SNVs with synonymous mutations, displayed the strongest diagnostic capability with an AUC value of 0.89, sensitivity of 0.79, specificity of 0.85, and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.74. SNV biomarkers also exhibited outstanding performances in three independent validation cohorts (AUCs = 0.83, 0.82, 0.76; sensitivity = 1.0, 0.72, 0.93; specificity = 0.67, 0.81, 0.67, MCCs = 0.69, 0.83, 0.72) with high disease specificity for adenoma. In further support of the above results, functional analyses revealed more frequent inter-kingdom associations between bacteria and fungi, and abnormalities in quorum sensing, purine and butanoate metabolism in adenoma, which were validated in a newly recruited cohort via qRT-PCR. Therefore, these data extend our understanding of adenoma-associated multimodal alterations in the gut microbiome and provide a rationale of microbial SNVs for the early detection of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Zhu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases; Biomedical Innovation Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ruicong Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhongsheng Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Dingfeng Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Center for IBD Research, Department of Gastroenterology, the Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ruixin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Research Institute, GloriousMed Clinical Laboratory Co, Ltd, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Na Jiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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3
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Watson KM, Gardner IH, Anand S, Siemens KN, Sharpton TJ, Kasschau KD, Dewey EN, Martindale R, Gaulke CA, Liana Tsikitis V. Colonic Microbial Abundances Predict Adenoma Formers. Ann Surg 2023; 277:e817-e824. [PMID: 35129506 PMCID: PMC9023594 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine associations between the oral, fecal, and mucosal microbiome communities and adenoma formation. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Data are limited regarding the relationships between microbiota and preneoplastic colorectal lesions. METHODS Individuals undergoing screening colonoscopy were prospectively enrolled and divided into adenoma and nonadenoma formers. Oral, fecal, nonadenoma and adenoma-adjacent mucosa were collected along with clinical and dietary information. 16S rRNA gene libraries were generated using V4 primers. DADA2 processed sequence reads and custom R-scripts quantified microbial diversity. Linear regression identified differential taxonomy and diversity in microbial communities and machine learning identified adenoma former microbial signatures. RESULTS One hundred four subjects were included, 46% with adenomas. Mucosal and fecal samples were dominated by Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes whereas Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were most abundant in oral communities. Mucosal communities harbored significant microbial diversity that was not observed in fecal or oral communities. Random forest classifiers predicted adenoma formation using fecal, oral, and mucosal amplicon sequence variant (ASV) abundances. The mucosal classifier reliably diagnosed adenoma formation with an area under the curve (AUC) = 0.993 and an out-of-bag (OOB) error of 3.2%. Mucosal classifier accuracy was strongly influenced by five taxa associated with the family Lachnospiraceae, genera Bacteroides and Marvinbryantia, and Blautia obeum. In contrast, classifiers built using fecal and oral samples manifested high OOB error rates (47.3% and 51.1%, respectively) and poor diagnostic abilities (fecal and oral AUC = 0.53). CONCLUSION Normal mucosa microbial abundances of adenoma formers manifest unique patterns of microbial diversity that may be predictive of adenoma formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivy H. Gardner
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Sudarshan Anand
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Kyla N. Siemens
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Thomas J. Sharpton
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | | | | | - Robert Martindale
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Christopher A. Gaulke
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - V. Liana Tsikitis
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
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Han S, Zhuang J, Pan Y, Wu W, Ding K. Different Characteristics in Gut Microbiome between Advanced Adenoma Patients and Colorectal Cancer Patients by Metagenomic Analysis. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0159322. [PMID: 36453905 PMCID: PMC9769752 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01593-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and advanced adenoma (AA) are closely related to the gut microbiome, and AA has a high cancerization progression rate to CRC. Current studies have revealed that bacteriological analysis cannot identify CRC from AA. The objective was to explore microbial targets that could identify CRC and AA from a microecological perspective and to figure out the best way to identify CRC based on fecal microbes. The metagenomic sequencing data were used to describe the gut microbiome profile and analyze the differences between microbial abundance and microbial single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) characteristics in AA and CRC patients. It was found that there were no significant differences in the diversity between the two groups. The abundance of bacteria (e.g., Firmicutes, Clostridia, and Blautia), fungi (Hypocreales), archaea (Methanosarcina, Methanoculleus, and Methanolacinia), and viruses (Alphacoronavirus, Sinsheimervirus, and Gammaretrovirus) differed between AA and CRC patients. Multiple machine-learning algorithms were used to establish prediction models, aiming to identify CRC and AA. The accuracy of the random forest (RF) model based on the gut microbiome was 86.54%. Nevertheless, the accuracy of SNP was 92.31% in identifying CRC from AA. In conclusion, using microbial SNP was the best method to identify CRC, it was superior to using the gut microbiome, and it could provide new targets for CRC screening. IMPORTANCE There are differences in characteristic microorganisms between AA and CRC. However, current studies have indicated that bacteriological analysis cannot identify CC from AA, and thus, we wondered if there were some other targets that could be used to identify CRC from AA in the gut microbiome. The differences of SNPs in the gut microbiota of intraindividuals were significantly smaller than those of interindividuals. In addition, compared with intestinal microbes, SNP was less affected by time with certain stability. It was discovered that microbial SNP was better than the gut microbiome for identifying CRC from AA. Therefore, screening characteristic microbial SNP could provide a new research direction for identifying CRC from AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Han
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuefen Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kefeng Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Ko HJ, Lin YC, Chen CC, Chen MJ, Wu MS, Liu CJ, Huang CT, Yang HW, Shih SC, Yu LY, Kuo YC, Wang HY, Hu KC. Helicobacter pylori infection and increased diabetes prevalence were the risks of colorectal adenoma for adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA-compliant article). Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28156. [PMID: 34918670 PMCID: PMC8677985 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori infection and hyperglycemia are associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasm, and may have a synergistic effect in combination. However, these 2 factors that affect colorectal neoplasm remain controversial. We aimed to carry out a meta-analysis to evaluate the study population diabetes prevalence rate and H pylori infection rate with colorectal adenoma risk for adults. METHODS We conducted systemic research through English databases for medical reports. We also recorded the diabetes prevalence and H pylori infection prevalence in each study. We classified these studies into 4 subgroups as their background population diabetes prevalence <6% (Group 1); between 6% and 8% (Group 2); between 8% and 10% (Group 3), and more than 10% (Group 4). The random-effects model had used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Twenty-seven studies were finally eligible for meta-analysis. The random-effects model of the meta-analysis was chosen, showing pooled odds ratio (OR) equal to 1.51 (95% CI 1.39-1.63). The subgroup meta-analyses showed in Group 1 the H pylori infection associated colorectal adenoma risk OR was 1.24 (95% CI 0.86-1.78). As the diabetes rate exceed 6%, the H pylori infection became the more significant increased risk of colorectal adenoma (Group 2: OR 2.16 (95% CI 1.61-2.91); Group 3: OR 1.40 (95% CI 1.24-1.57); and Group 4: OR 1.52 (95% CI 1.46-1.57)). CONCLUSIONS The results of this meta-analysis showed elevated diabetes prevalence combined H pylori infection increasing the risks of colorectal adenoma in the adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Ju Ko
- Healthy Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chun Lin
- Department of Anesthesia, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University
| | - Chieh-Chang Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Chen
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Healthy
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ta Huang
- Division of Endocrine, Department of Internal Medicine, DM Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Woei Yang
- Departments of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Chuan Shih
- Healthy Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Healthy
- MacKay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lo-Yip Yu
- Healthy Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Healthy
| | - Yang-Che Kuo
- Healthy Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Healthy
| | - Horng-Yuan Wang
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Healthy
| | - Kuang-Chun Hu
- Healthy Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Healthy
- MacKay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
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Olovo CV, Huang X, Zheng X, Xu M. Faecal microbial biomarkers in early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10783-10797. [PMID: 34750964 PMCID: PMC8642680 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked as the second most common cause of cancer deaths and the third most common cancer globally. It has been described as a 'silent disease' which is often easily treatable if detected early-before progression to carcinoma. Colonoscopy, which is the gold standard for diagnosis is not only expensive but is also an invasive diagnostic procedure, thus, effective and non-invasive diagnostic methods are urgently needed. Unfortunately, the current methods are not sensitive and specific enough in detecting adenomas and early colorectal neoplasia, hampering treatment and consequently, survival rates. Studies have shown that imbalances in such a relationship which renders the gut microbiota in a dysbiotic state are implicated in the development of adenomas ultimately resulting in CRC. The differences found in the makeup and diversity of the gut microbiota of healthy individuals relative to CRC patients have in recent times gained attention as potential biomarkers in early non-invasive diagnosis of CRC, with promising sensitivity, specificity and even cost-effectiveness. This review summarizes recent studies in the application of these microbiota biomarkers in early CRC diagnosis, limitations encountered in the area of the faecal microbiota studies as biomarkers for CRC, and future research exploits that address these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinasa Valerie Olovo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of MedicineJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
- Department of MicrobiologyFaculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of NigeriaNsukkaNigeria
| | - Xinxiang Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of MedicineJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Xueming Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of MedicineJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Min Xu
- Department of GastroenterologyAffiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
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7
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Brennan CA, Nakatsu G, Gallini Comeau CA, Drew DA, Glickman JN, Schoen RE, Chan AT, Garrett WS. Aspirin Modulation of the Colorectal Cancer-Associated Microbe Fusobacterium nucleatum. mBio 2021; 12:e00547-21. [PMID: 33824205 PMCID: PMC8092249 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00547-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin is a chemopreventive agent for colorectal adenoma and cancer (CRC) that, like many drugs inclusive of chemotherapeutics, has been investigated for its effects on bacterial growth and virulence gene expression. Given the evolving recognition of the roles for bacteria in CRC, in this work, we investigate the effects of aspirin with a focus on one oncomicrobe-Fusobacterium nucleatum We show that aspirin and its primary metabolite salicylic acid alter F. nucleatum strain Fn7-1 growth in culture and that aspirin can effectively kill both actively growing and stationary Fn7-1. We also demonstrate that, at levels that do not inhibit growth, aspirin influences Fn7-1 gene expression. To assess whether aspirin modulation of F. nucleatum may be relevant in vivo, we use the ApcMin/+ mouse intestinal tumor model in which Fn7-1 is orally inoculated daily to reveal that aspirin-supplemented chow is sufficient to inhibit F. nucleatum-potentiated colonic tumorigenesis. We expand our characterization of aspirin sensitivity across other F. nucleatum strains, including those isolated from human CRC tissues, as well as other CRC-associated microbes, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and colibactin-producing Escherichia coli Finally, we determine that individuals who use aspirin daily have lower fusobacterial abundance in colon adenoma tissues, as determined by quantitative PCR performed on adenoma DNA. Together, our data support that aspirin has direct antibiotic activity against F. nucleatum strains and suggest that consideration of the potential effects of aspirin on the microbiome holds promise in optimizing risk-benefit assessments for use of aspirin in CRC prevention and management.IMPORTANCE There is an increasing understanding of the clinical correlations and potential mechanistic roles of specific members of the gut and tumoral microbiota in colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation, progression, and survival. However, we have yet to parlay this knowledge into better CRC outcomes through microbially informed diagnostic, preventive, or therapeutic approaches. Here, we demonstrate that aspirin, an established CRC chemopreventive, exhibits specific effects on the CRC-associated Fusobacterium nucleatum in culture, an animal model of intestinal tumorigenesis, and in human colonic adenoma tissues. Our work proposes a potential role for aspirin in influencing CRC-associated bacteria to prevent colorectal adenomas and cancer, beyond aspirin's canonical anti-inflammatory role targeting host tissues. Future research, such as studies investigating the effects of aspirin on fusobacterial load in patients, will help further elucidate the prospect of using aspirin to modulate F. nucleatumin vivo for improving CRC outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin A Brennan
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Geicho Nakatsu
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carey Ann Gallini Comeau
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David A Drew
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan N Glickman
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert E Schoen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan Microbiome in Public Health Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department and Division of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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8
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Yan Y, Drew DA, Markowitz A, Lloyd-Price J, Abu-Ali G, Nguyen LH, Tran C, Chung DC, Gilpin KK, Meixell D, Parziale M, Schuck M, Patel Z, Richter JM, Kelsey PB, Garrett WS, Chan AT, Stadler ZK, Huttenhower C. Structure of the Mucosal and Stool Microbiome in Lynch Syndrome. Cell Host Microbe 2020; 27:585-600.e4. [PMID: 32240601 PMCID: PMC7453618 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC), but causal alterations preceding CRC have not been elucidated. To prospectively assess microbiome changes prior to colorectal neoplasia, we investigated samples from 100 Lynch syndrome patients using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of colon biopsies, coupled with metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing of feces. Colectomy and CRC history represented the largest effects on microbiome profiles. A subset of Clostridiaceae were depleted in stool corresponding with baseline adenomas, while Desulfovibrio was enriched both in stool and in mucosal biopsies. A classifier leveraging stool metatranscriptomes resulted in modest power to predict interval development of preneoplastic colonic adenoma. Predictive transcripts corresponded with a shift in flagellin contributors and oxidative metabolic microenvironment, potentially factors in local CRC pathogenesis. This suggests that the effectiveness of prospective microbiome monitoring for adenomas may be limited but supports the potential causality of these consistent, early microbial changes in colonic neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David A Drew
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arnold Markowitz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason Lloyd-Price
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Galeb Abu-Ali
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Long H Nguyen
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christina Tran
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel C Chung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine K Gilpin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dana Meixell
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melanie Parziale
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Madeline Schuck
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zalak Patel
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - James M Richter
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter B Kelsey
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wendy S Garrett
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Zsofia K Stadler
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Curtis Huttenhower
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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9
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Kim M, Vogtmann E, Ahlquist DA, Devens ME, Kisiel JB, Taylor WR, White BA, Hale VL, Sung J, Chia N, Sinha R, Chen J. Fecal Metabolomic Signatures in Colorectal Adenoma Patients Are Associated with Gut Microbiota and Early Events of Colorectal Cancer Pathogenesis. mBio 2020; 11:e03186-19. [PMID: 32071266 PMCID: PMC7029137 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03186-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal adenomas are precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer (CRC) that offer a means of viewing the events key to early CRC development. A number of studies have investigated the changes and roles of gut microbiota in adenoma and carcinoma development, highlighting its impact on carcinogenesis. However, there has been less of a focus on the gut metabolome, which mediates interactions between the host and gut microbes. Here, we investigated metabolomic profiles of stool samples from patients with advanced adenoma (n = 102), matched controls (n = 102), and patients with CRC (n = 36). We found that several classes of bioactive lipids, including polyunsaturated fatty acids, secondary bile acids, and sphingolipids, were elevated in the adenoma patients compared to the controls. Most such metabolites showed directionally consistent changes in the CRC patients, suggesting that those changes may represent early events of carcinogenesis. We also examined gut microbiome-metabolome associations using gut microbiota profiles in these patients. We found remarkably strong overall associations between the microbiome and metabolome data and catalogued a list of robustly correlated pairs of bacterial taxa and metabolomic features which included signatures of adenoma. Our findings highlight the importance of gut metabolites, and potentially their interplay with gut microbes, in the early events of CRC pathogenesis.IMPORTANCE Colorectal adenomas are precursors of CRC. Recently, the gut microbiota, i.e., the collection of microbes residing in our gut, has been recognized as a key player in CRC development. There have been a number of gut microbiota profiling studies for colorectal adenoma and CRC; however, fewer studies have considered the gut metabolome, which serves as the chemical interface between the host and gut microbiota. Here, we conducted a gut metabolome profiling study of colorectal adenoma and CRC and analyzed the metabolomic profiles together with paired microbiota composition profiles. We found several chemical signatures of colorectal adenoma that were associated with some gut microbes and potentially indicative of future CRC. This study highlights potential early-driver metabolites in CRC pathogenesis and guides further targeted experiments and thus provides an important stepping stone toward developing better CRC prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsuk Kim
- Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Emily Vogtmann
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - David A Ahlquist
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mary E Devens
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - John B Kisiel
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - William R Taylor
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bryan A White
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Vanessa L Hale
- Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jaeyun Sung
- Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nicholas Chia
- Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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10
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Wang WJ, Zhou YL, He J, Feng ZQ, Zhang L, Lai XB, Zhou JX, Wang H. Characterizing the composition of intestinal microflora by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:614-626. [PMID: 32103871 PMCID: PMC7029349 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i6.614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study determined the composition and diversity of intestinal microflora in patients with colorectal adenoma (CRA), which may provide precedence for investigating the role of intestinal microflora in the pathogenesis of colorectal tumors, the composition of intestinal microflora closely related to CRA, and further validating the possibility of intestinal flora as a biomarker of CRA.
AIM To study the relationship between intestinal microflora and CRA.
METHODS This is a prospective control case study from October 2014 to June 2015 involving healthy volunteers and patients with advanced CRA. High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were used to investigate the composition and diversity of intestinal microflora in 36 healthy subjects and 49 patients with advanced CRA. Endpoints measured were operational taxonomic units of intestinal flora, as well as their abundance and diversity (α and β types).
RESULTS In this study, the age, gender, body mass index, as well as location between controls and patients had no significant differences. The mucosa-associated gut microbiota diversity and bacterial distribution in healthy controls and colorectal adenomas were similar. The operational taxonomic unit, abundance, and α and β diversity were all reduced in patients with CRA compared to controls. At the phylum level, the composition of intestinal microflora was comparable between patients and controls, but the abundance of Proteobacteria was increased, and Firmicutes and Bacteroides were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The increase in Halomonadaceae and Shewanella algae, and reduction in Coprococcus and Bacteroides ovatus, could serve as biomarkers of CRA. High-throughput sequencing confirms the special characteristics and diversity of intestinal microflora in healthy controls and patients with CRA.
CONCLUSION The diversity of intestinal microflora was decreased in patients with CRA. An increase in Halomonadaceae and Shewanella algae are markers of CRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jia Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
| | - You-Lian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Lai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun-Xiao Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510030, Guangdong Province, China
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11
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Saito K, Koido S, Odamaki T, Kajihara M, Kato K, Horiuchi S, Adachi S, Arakawa H, Yoshida S, Akasu T, Ito Z, Uchiyama K, Saruta M, Xiao JZ, Sato N, Ohkusa T. Metagenomic analyses of the gut microbiota associated with colorectal adenoma. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212406. [PMID: 30794590 PMCID: PMC6386391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested an association between certain members of the Fusobacterium genus, especially F. nucleatum, and the progression of advanced colorectal carcinoma (CRC). We assessed such an association of the gut microbiota in Japanese patients with colorectal adenoma (CRA) or intramucosal CRC using colonoscopy aspirates. We analyzed samples from 81 Japanese patients, including 47 CRA and 24 intramucosal CRC patients, and 10 healthy subjects. Metagenomic analysis of the V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was performed. The linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) method was used to examine microbial dysbiosis, revealing significant differences in bacterial abundances between the healthy controls and CRA or intramucosal CRC patients. In particular, F. varium was statistically more abundant in patients with CRA and intramucosal CRC than in healthy subjects. Here, we present the metagenomic profile of CRA and intramucosal CRC and demonstrate that F. varium is at least partially involved in the pathogenesis of CRA and intramucosal CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Saito
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeo Koido
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Toshitaka Odamaki
- Gut Microbiota Department, Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mikio Kajihara
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kumiko Kato
- Gut Microbiota Department, Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sankichi Horiuchi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sei Adachi
- Department of Endoscopy, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arakawa
- Department of Endoscopy, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sayumi Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takafumi Akasu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Zensho Ito
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kan Uchiyama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saruta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jin-zhong Xiao
- Gut Microbiota Department, Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Sato
- Department of Microbiota Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Ohkusa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Microbiota Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Pearson T, Caporaso JG, Yellowhair M, Bokulich NA, Padi M, Roe DJ, Wertheim BC, Linhart M, Martinez JA, Bilagody C, Hornstra H, Alberts DS, Lance P, Thompson PA. Effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on the gut microbiome and colorectal adenoma development. Cancer Med 2019; 8:617-628. [PMID: 30652422 PMCID: PMC6382922 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been previously reported that ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a therapeutic bile acid, reduced risk for advanced colorectal adenoma in men but not women. Interactions between the gut microbiome and fecal bile acid composition as a factor in colorectal cancer neoplasia have been postulated but evidence is limited to small cohorts and animal studies. Using banked stool samples collected as part of a phase III randomized clinical trial of UDCA for the prevention of colorectal adenomatous polyps, we compared change in the microbiome composition after a 3-year intervention in a subset of participants randomized to oral UDCA at 8-10 mg/kg of body weight per day (n = 198) or placebo (n = 203). Study participants randomized to UDCA experienced compositional changes in their microbiome that were statistically more similar to other individuals in the UDCA arm than to those in the placebo arm. This reflected a UDCA-associated shift in microbial community composition (P < 0.001), independent of sex, with no evidence of a UDCA effect on microbial richness (P > 0.05). These UDCA-associated shifts in microbial community distance metrics from baseline to end-of-study were not associated with risk of any or advanced adenoma (all P > 0.05) in men or women. Separate analyses of microbial networks revealed an overrepresentation of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the post-UDCA arm and an inverse relationship between F prausnitzii and Ruminococcus gnavus. In men who received UDCA, the overrepresentation of F prausnitzii and underrepresentation of R gnavus were more prominent in those with no adenoma recurrence at follow-up compared to men with recurrence. This relationship was not observed in women. Daily UDCA use modestly influences the relative abundance of microbial species in stool and affects the microbial network composition with suggestive evidence for sex-specific effects of UDCA on stool microbial community composition as a modifier of colorectal adenoma risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talima Pearson
- Pathogen and Microbiome InstituteNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
- Department of Biological SciencesNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
| | - J. Gregory Caporaso
- Pathogen and Microbiome InstituteNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
- Department of Biological SciencesNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
| | - Monica Yellowhair
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | | | - Megha Padi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Denise J. Roe
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Betsy C. Wertheim
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Mark Linhart
- Pathogen and Microbiome InstituteNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
| | - Jessica A. Martinez
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Department of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Cherae Bilagody
- Pathogen and Microbiome InstituteNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
| | - Heidie Hornstra
- Pathogen and Microbiome InstituteNorthern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffArizona
| | - David S. Alberts
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Peter Lance
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Patricia A. Thompson
- University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizona
- Stony Brook School of MedicineStony BrookNew York
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13
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Proença MA, Biselli JM, Succi M, Severino FE, Berardinelli GN, Caetano A, Reis RM, Hughes DJ, Silva AE. Relationship between Fusobacterium nucleatum, inflammatory mediators and microRNAs in colorectal carcinogenesis. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:5351-5365. [PMID: 30598580 PMCID: PMC6305535 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i47.5351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) on the microenvironment of colonic neoplasms and the expression of inflammatory mediators and microRNAs (miRNAs).
METHODS Levels of F. nucleatum DNA, cytokine gene mRNA (TLR2, TLR4, NFKB1, TNF, IL1B, IL6 and IL8), and potentially interacting miRNAs (miR-21-3p, miR-22-3p, miR-28-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-135b-5p) were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) TaqMan® assays in DNA and/or RNA extracted from the disease and adjacent normal fresh tissues of 27 colorectal adenoma (CRA) and 43 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. KRAS mutations were detected by direct sequencing and microsatellite instability (MSI) status by multiplex PCR. Cytoscape v3.1.1 was used to construct the postulated miRNA:mRNA interaction network.
RESULTS Overabundance of F. nucleatum in neoplastic tissue compared to matched normal tissue was detected in CRA (51.8%) and more markedly in CRC (72.1%). We observed significantly greater expression of TLR4, IL1B, IL8, and miR-135b in CRA lesions and TLR2, IL1B, IL6, IL8, miR-34a and miR-135b in CRC tumours compared to their respective normal tissues. Only two transcripts for miR-22 and miR-28 were exclusively downregulated in CRC tumour samples. The mRNA expression of IL1B, IL6, IL8 and miR-22 was positively correlated with F. nucleatum quantification in CRC tumours. The mRNA expression of miR-135b and TNF was inversely correlated. The miRNA:mRNA interaction network suggested that the upregulation of miR-34a in CRC proceeds via a TLR2/TLR4-dependent response to F. nucleatum. Finally, KRAS mutations were more frequently observed in CRC samples infected with F. nucleatum and were associated with greater expression of miR-21 in CRA, while IL8 was upregulated in MSI-high CRC.
CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that F. nucleatum is a risk factor for CRC by increasing the expression of inflammatory mediators through a possible miRNA-mediated activation of TLR2/TLR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Alcântara Proença
- Department of Biology, UNESP, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Joice Matos Biselli
- Department of Biology, UNESP, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Maysa Succi
- Department of Biology, UNESP, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Fábio Eduardo Severino
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, UNESP, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus of Botucatu, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-687, Brazil
| | | | - Alaor Caetano
- Endoscopy Center of Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15015-700, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo 14784-400, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Campus Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - David J Hughes
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Group, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Ana Elizabete Silva
- Department of Biology, UNESP, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo 15054-000, Brazil
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14
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Abstract
Wnt antagonist genes hypermethylation has been found in several tumors. Accordingly, the events that occur during the progression of adenoma to carcinoma have been characterized and include activation of the Wnt-pathway. Further, gastric adenoma (GA) is a premalignant lesion of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). In this paper, we focused our interesting on Wnt signaling path function in the pathogenesis of GAC.We compared the differences between low grade adenoma (LGA), high grade adenoma (HGA), GACs and corresponding normal gastric tissue (NGT). Specific indexes include the pathological characteristics of gastric neoplasia, Helicobacter pylori infection, β-catenin mutation status, and methylation status of Wnt antagonist genes.There was significant difference of β-catenin expression in patient with NGT, LGA, HGA, and GAC, the results respectively were 4.2%, 41.7%, 83.3%, and 91.7%. Only 1 GACs was detected exon 3 of β-catenin mutation. Wnt antagonist genes mRNA expression levels, such as APC, sFRP-1, Wif-1, and Dkk-1, were significantly reduced in GAC. Promoter methylation levels of the 4 genes were significantly elevated in GAC and HGA compared to NGT and LGA. However, there was no significant difference between HGAs and GACs. The β-catenin abnormal expression was correlated with hypermethylation of these 4 genes. Multiple gene concurrent methylation phenomenon was increased from NGTs to GACs; the amount of methylation genes in GACs and HGAs was more than NGTs and LGAs. The more methylation of the above-mentioned genes, the more severity of local inflammation. The infection rate of H pylori was significantly higher in patient with HGA (66.7%, 16/24) and GAC (58.5%, 14/24) than in LGAs (16.7%,4/24) (PHGA-LGA = .024, PGAC-LGA = .032). In addition, the present of H pylori also correlated with the β-catenin abnormal expression and the hypermethylation status of Wnt antagonist genes (P < .001). But other parameters in adenoma cases had no significantly related with infection of H pylori.Hypermethylation of Wnt antagonist genes may have a tight relationship with gastric tumorigenesis. And these genes may increase the incidence of GAC. Additionally, H pylori may have promotion function in GA formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkai Wang
- Endoscopy Center, Nanjing hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province
| | - Yaqing Ye
- Fujian Health Vocational and Technical College, Fuzhou, Fujjian Province
| | - Dan Liu
- Endoscopy Center, Nanjing hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province
| | - Xiaoqian Yang
- Endoscopy Center, Nanjing hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province
| | - Fangyu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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15
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Sze MA, Baxter NT, Ruffin MT, Rogers MAM, Schloss PD. Normalization of the microbiota in patients after treatment for colonic lesions. Microbiome 2017; 5:150. [PMID: 29145893 PMCID: PMC5689185 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-017-0366-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is a worldwide health problem. Despite growing evidence that members of the gut microbiota can drive tumorigenesis, little is known about what happens to it after treatment for an adenoma or carcinoma. This study tested the hypothesis that treatment for adenoma or carcinoma alters the abundance of bacterial populations associated with disease to those associated with a normal colon. We tested this hypothesis by sequencing the 16S rRNA genes in the feces of 67 individuals before and after treatment for adenoma (N = 22), advanced adenoma (N = 19), and carcinoma (N = 26). RESULTS There were small changes to the bacterial community associated with adenoma or advanced adenoma and large changes associated with carcinoma. The communities from patients with carcinomas changed significantly more than those with adenoma following treatment (P value < 0.001). Although treatment was associated with intrapersonal changes, the change in the abundance of individual OTUs in response to treatment was not consistent within diagnosis groups (P value > 0.05). Because the distribution of OTUs across patients and diagnosis groups was irregular, we used the random forest machine learning algorithm to identify groups of OTUs that could be used to classify pre and post-treatment samples for each of the diagnosis groups. Although the adenoma and carcinoma models could reliably differentiate between the pre- and post-treatment samples (P value < 0.001), the advanced-adenoma model could not (P value = 0.61). Furthermore, there was little overlap between the OTUs that were indicative of each treatment. To determine whether individuals who underwent treatment were more likely to have OTUs associated with normal colons we used a larger cohort that contained individuals with normal colons and those with adenomas, advanced adenomas, and carcinomas. We again built random forest models and measured the change in the positive probability of having one of the three diagnoses to assess whether the post-treatment samples received the same classification as the pre-treatment samples. Samples from patients who had carcinomas changed toward a microbial milieu that resembles the normal colon after treatment (P value < 0.001). Finally, we were unable to detect any significant differences in the microbiota of individuals treated with surgery alone and those treated with chemotherapy or chemotherapy and radiation (P value > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS By better understanding the response of the microbiota to treatment for adenomas and carcinomas, it is likely that biomarkers will eventually be validated that can be used to quantify the risk of recurrence and the likelihood of survival. Although it was difficult to identify significant differences between pre- and post-treatment samples from patients with adenoma and advanced adenoma, this was not the case for carcinomas. Not only were there large changes in pre- versus post-treatment samples for those with carcinoma, but also these changes were toward a more normal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A. Sze
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Nielson T. Baxter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Mack T. Ruffin
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Medicine, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA USA
| | - Mary A. M. Rogers
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Patrick D. Schloss
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
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Peters BA, Dominianni C, Shapiro JA, Church TR, Wu J, Miller G, Yuen E, Freiman H, Lustbader I, Salik J, Friedlander C, Hayes RB, Ahn J. The gut microbiota in conventional and serrated precursors of colorectal cancer. Microbiome 2016; 4:69. [PMID: 28038683 PMCID: PMC5203720 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-016-0218-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous disease arising from at least two precursors-the conventional adenoma (CA) and the serrated polyp. We and others have previously shown a relationship between the human gut microbiota and colorectal cancer; however, its relationship to the different early precursors of colorectal cancer is understudied. We tested, for the first time, the relationship of the gut microbiota to specific colorectal polyp types. RESULTS Gut microbiota were assessed in 540 colonoscopy-screened adults by 16S rRNA gene sequencing of stool samples. Participants were categorized as CA cases (n = 144), serrated polyp cases (n = 73), or polyp-free controls (n = 323). CA cases were further classified as proximal (n = 87) or distal (n = 55) and as non-advanced (n = 121) or advanced (n = 22). Serrated polyp cases were further classified as hyperplastic polyp (HP; n = 40) or sessile serrated adenoma (SSA; n = 33). We compared gut microbiota diversity, overall composition, and normalized taxon abundance among these groups. CA cases had lower species richness in stool than controls (p = 0.03); in particular, this association was strongest for advanced CA cases (p = 0.004). In relation to overall microbiota composition, only distal or advanced CA cases differed significantly from controls (p = 0.02 and p = 0.002). In taxon-based analysis, stool of CA cases was depleted in a network of Clostridia operational taxonomic units from families Ruminococcaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Lachnospiraceae, and enriched in the classes Bacilli and Gammaproteobacteria, order Enterobacteriales, and genera Actinomyces and Streptococcus (all q < 0.10). SSA and HP cases did not differ in diversity or composition from controls, though sample size for these groups was small. Few taxa were differentially abundant between HP cases or SSA cases and controls; among them, class Erysipelotrichi was depleted in SSA cases. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that gut microbes may play a role in the early stages of colorectal carcinogenesis through the development of CAs. Findings may have implications for developing colorectal cancer prevention therapies targeting early microbial drivers of colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandilyn A Peters
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christine Dominianni
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean A Shapiro
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Timothy R Church
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Miller
- Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- NYU Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Hal Freiman
- Kips Bay Endoscopy Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - James Salik
- Kips Bay Endoscopy Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Richard B Hayes
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- NYU Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jiyoung Ahn
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- NYU Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Qing Y, Wang M, Lin YM, Wu D, Zhu JY, Gao L, Liu YY, Yin TF. Correlation between Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric diseases and colorectal neoplasia. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:4576-4584. [PMID: 27182167 PMCID: PMC4858639 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i18.4576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the correlation between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated gastric diseases and colorectal neoplasia.
METHODS: Patients included in this study underwent a colonoscopy and esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD) along with histopathological measurement between March 2012 and March 2015 at Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, who also had results of H. pylori detection. A total of 233 cases were selected. Demographic data, H. pylori infection status (including results of rapid urease tests and gastric mucosa pathological examinations) and histopathological examination results of gastric and colorectal mucosa were gathered and analyzed. The statistical analysis focused on the prevalence of colorectal neoplasms among patients with various histopathological categories of the stomach. ORs and their 95%CI were calculated to describe the strengths of the associations.
RESULTS: The incidence rates of colorectal adenoma without high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIEN) (OR = 2.400, 95%CI: 0.969-5.941), adenoma with HGIEN (5.333, 1.025-27.758) and adenocarcinoma (1.455, 0.382-5.543) were all higher for patients with H. pylori-associated gastritis than for those in the control group. The incidence rate of colorectal adenoma with HGIEN (3.218, 0.767-13.509) was higher in patients with intestinal metaplasia than in the control group, while the incidence rates of adenoma without HGIEN (0.874, 0.414-1.845) and adenocarcinoma (0.376, 0.096-1.470) were lower in the intestinal metaplasia group than in the control group. The incidence rate of colorectal adenoma without HGIEN (3.111, 1.248-7.753) was significantly higher in the gastric intraepithelial neoplasia group than in the control group, while the rates of adenoma with HGIEN (1.481, 0.138-15.941) and adenocarcinoma (2.020, 0.561-7.272) were higher in the gastric intraepithelial neoplasia group. Incidence rates of colorectal adenoma without HGIEN (1.067, 0.264-4.314), adenoma with HGIEN (2.667, 0.231-30.800) and adenocarcinoma (2.182, 0.450-10.585) were all higher in the gastric adenocarcinoma group than in the control group.
CONCLUSION: H. pylori infection as well as H. pylori-associated gastric diseases are risk factors for colorectal neoplasia.
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Kobayashi M, Sato Y, Terai S. Endoscopic surveillance of gastric cancers after Helicobacter pylori eradication. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:10553-10562. [PMID: 26457015 PMCID: PMC4588077 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i37.10553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of gastric cancer remains high in East Asian countries. Current data suggest that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication might be more effective for preventing gastric cancer in young people before they develop atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. However, the long-term effect of H. pylori eradication on metachronous cancer prevention after endoscopic resection (ER) of early gastric cancer remains controversial, with some discordance between results published for Japanese and Korean studies. The detection ability of synchronous lesions before ER and eradication of H. pylori directly influences these results. After eradication, some gastric cancers are more difficult to diagnose by endoscopy because of morphologic changes that lead to a flat or depressed appearance. Narrow-band imaging with magnifying endoscopy (NBI-ME) is expected to be useful for identifying metachronous cancers. However, some gastric cancers after eradication show a “gastritis-like” appearance under NBI-ME. The gastritis-like appearance correlates with the histological surface differentiation of the cancer tubules and superficial non-neoplastic epithelium atop or interspersed with the cancer. Till date, it remains unclear whether H. pylori eradication could prevent progression of gastric cancer. Until we can establish more useful endoscopic examination methodologies, regular endoscopic surveillance of high-risk groups is expected to be the most beneficial approach for detection.
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Lévy J, Cacheux W, Bara MA, L'Hermitte A, Lepage P, Fraudeau M, Trentesaux C, Lemarchand J, Durand A, Crain AM, Marchiol C, Renault G, Dumont F, Letourneur F, Delacre M, Schmitt A, Terris B, Perret C, Chamaillard M, Couty JP, Romagnolo B. Intestinal inhibition of Atg7 prevents tumour initiation through a microbiome-influenced immune response and suppresses tumour growth. Nat Cell Biol 2015; 17:1062-73. [PMID: 26214133 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, we show that autophagy is activated in the intestinal epithelium in murine and human colorectal cancer and that the conditional inactivation of Atg7 in intestinal epithelial cells inhibits the formation of pre-cancerous lesions in Apc(+/-) mice by enhancing anti-tumour responses. The antibody-mediated depletion of CD8(+) T cells showed that these cells are essential for the anti-tumoral responses mediated by the inhibition of autophagy. We show that Atg7 deficiency leads to intestinal dysbiosis and that the microbiota is required for anticancer responses. In addition, Atg7 deficiency resulted in a stress response accompanied by metabolic defects, AMPK activation and p53-mediated cell-cycle arrest in tumour cells but not in normal tissue. This study reveals that the inhibition of autophagy within the epithelium may prevent the development and progression of colorectal cancer in genetically predisposed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Lévy
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
| | - Wulfran Cacheux
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France [3] Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France [4] Pharmacogenomics Unit, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Medhi Ait Bara
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
| | - Antoine L'Hermitte
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
| | - Patricia Lepage
- 1] Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Micalis UMR1319, Jouy-en-Josas 78352, France [2] AgroParisTech, Micalis UMR1319, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marie Fraudeau
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
| | - Coralie Trentesaux
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
| | - Julie Lemarchand
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
| | - Aurélie Durand
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
| | - Anne-Marie Crain
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France [3] Université Paris Diderot, UFR Sciences du Vivant, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75013, France
| | - Carmen Marchiol
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
| | - Gilles Renault
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
| | - Florent Dumont
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
| | - Franck Letourneur
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
| | - Myriam Delacre
- 1] Université Lille Nord de France, Lille 59000, France [2] Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille 59800, France [3] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Lille 59046, France [4] Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Lille 59045, France
| | - Alain Schmitt
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
| | - Benoit Terris
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France [3] Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Paris 75014, France
| | - Christine Perret
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
| | - Mathias Chamaillard
- 1] Université Lille Nord de France, Lille 59000, France [2] Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille 59800, France [3] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Lille 59046, France [4] Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Lille 59045, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Couty
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France [3] Université Paris Diderot, UFR Sciences du Vivant, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75013, France
| | - Béatrice Romagnolo
- 1] Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR8104, Paris 75014, France [2] Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1016, Paris 75014, France
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20
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Luan C, Xie L, Yang X, Miao H, Lv N, Zhang R, Xiao X, Hu Y, Liu Y, Wu N, Zhu Y, Zhu B. Dysbiosis of fungal microbiota in the intestinal mucosa of patients with colorectal adenomas. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7980. [PMID: 25613490 PMCID: PMC4648387 DOI: 10.1038/srep07980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The fungal microbiota is an important component of the human gut microbiome and may be linked to gastrointestinal disease. In this study, the fungal microbiota of biopsy samples from adenomas and adjacent tissues was characterized by deep sequencing. Ascomycota, Glomeromycota and Basidiomycota were identified as the dominant phyla in both adenomas and adjacent tissues from all subjects. Among the 60 genera identified, the opportunist pathogens Phoma and Candida represented an average of 45% of the fungal microbiota. When analyzed at the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) level, however, a decreased diversity in adenomas was observed, and three OTUs differed significantly from the adjacent tissues. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the core OTUs formed separate clusters for advanced and non-advanced adenomas for which the abundance of four OTUs differed significantly. Moreover, the size of adenomas and the disease stage were closely related to changes in the fungal microbiota in subjects with adenomas. This study characterized the fungal microbiota profile of subjects with adenomas and identified potential diagnostic biomarkers closely related to different stages of adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Luan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Resistance and Resistome, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingling Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xi Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Resistance and Resistome, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huifang Miao
- Chinese National Human Genome Center, Beijing, 100176, China; SinoGenoMax Co. Ltd, Beijing. 100176, China
| | - Na Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Resistance and Resistome, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ruifen Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Resistance and Resistome, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Resistance and Resistome, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yongfei Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Resistance and Resistome, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yuanmin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Resistance and Resistome, Beijing 100101, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
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Rigoli L, Caruso RA. Mitochondrial DNA alterations in the progression of gastric carcinomas: Unexplored issues and future research needs. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:16159-16166. [PMID: 25473169 PMCID: PMC4239503 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i43.16159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the second most frequent cause of cancer death worldwide. Patients infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are at increased risk of gastric cancer. H. pylori induces genomic instability in both nuclear and mitochondrial (mt) DNA of gastric epithelial cells. Changes in mtDNA represent an early event during gastric tumorigenesis, and thus may serve as potential biomarkers for early detection and prognosis in gastric carcinoma.This review article summarizes the mtDNA mutations that have been reported in gastric carcinomas and their precancerous conditions. Unexplored research topics, such as the role of mtDNA alterations in an alternative pathway of gastric carcinogenesis, are identified and directions for future research are suggested.
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Miao H, Wu N, Luan C, Yang X, Zhang R, Lv N, Zhu B. [Quantitation of intestinal Fusobacterium and butyrate- producing bacteria in patients with colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2014; 54:1228-1234. [PMID: 25803901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the abundance of 16S rRNA gene of intestinal Fusobacterium and butyrate-producing bacteria in patients with colorectal adenomas patients and colorectal cancer and to reveal the correlation between the target bacteria and the development of colorectal cancer. METHODS Feces were collected from colorectal cancer patients (n=19), colorectal adenomas patients (n=12) and healthy subjects (n=19). Bacteria genome DNA from the fecal samples was used to quantitate the Fusobacterium, two butyrate-producing bacteria Eubacterium rectal, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and total bacteria by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Then the variation of the target bacteria among different groups were assayed using Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS The abundance of Fusobacterium was significantly higher in colorectal cancer patients than that in healthy subjects (P = 0.000) and colorectal adenomas patients (P = 0.013), and it was significantly higher in colorectal cancer patients than that in colorectal adenomas patients (P = 0.002). F. prausnitzii was significantly lower in colorectal adenomas patients compared to healthy subjects (P = 0.033). The total bacteria count was significantly lower in the colorectal adenomas samples than that in the healthy samples (P = 0.002). There was no significantly difference of E. rectal between the three groups. CONCLUSIONS The shifts in the colonic bacterial population may potentially contribute to the development of colorectal cancer.
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Kostic AD, Chun E, Robertson L, Glickman JN, Gallini CA, Michaud M, Clancy TE, Chung DC, Lochhead P, Hold GL, El-Omar EM, Brenner D, Fuchs CS, Meyerson M, Garrett WS. Fusobacterium nucleatum potentiates intestinal tumorigenesis and modulates the tumor-immune microenvironment. Cell Host Microbe 2013; 14:207-15. [PMID: 23954159 PMCID: PMC3772512 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1581] [Impact Index Per Article: 143.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence links the gut microbiota with colorectal cancer. Metagenomic analyses indicate that symbiotic Fusobacterium spp. are associated with human colorectal carcinoma, but whether this is an indirect or causal link remains unclear. We find that Fusobacterium spp. are enriched in human colonic adenomas relative to surrounding tissues and in stool samples from colorectal adenoma and carcinoma patients compared to healthy subjects. Additionally, in the Apc(Min/+) mouse model of intestinal tumorigenesis, Fusobacterium nucleatum increases tumor multiplicity and selectively recruits tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells, which can promote tumor progression. Tumors from Apc(Min/+) mice exposed to F. nucleatum exhibit a proinflammatory expression signature that is shared with human fusobacteria-positive colorectal carcinomas. However, unlike other bacteria linked to colorectal carcinoma, F. nucleatum does not exacerbate colitis, enteritis, or inflammation-associated intestinal carcinogenesis. Collectively, these data suggest that, through recruitment of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, fusobacteria generate a proinflammatory microenvironment that is conducive for colorectal neoplasia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar D. Kostic
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lauren Robertson
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan N. Glickman
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Miraca Life Sciences, Inc. Newton, MA 02464, USA
| | - Carey Ann Gallini
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Monia Michaud
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas E. Clancy
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel C. Chung
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA, 02114
| | - Paul Lochhead
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Georgina L. Hold
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Emad M. El-Omar
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Dean Brenner
- Cancer and Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Charles S. Fuchs
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Wendy S. Garrett
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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McCoy AN, Araújo-Pérez F, Azcárate-Peril A, Yeh JJ, Sandler RS, Keku TO. Fusobacterium is associated with colorectal adenomas. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53653. [PMID: 23335968 PMCID: PMC3546075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota is increasingly recognized as a player in colorectal cancer (CRC). While particular imbalances in the gut microbiota have been linked to colorectal adenomas and cancer, no specific bacterium has been identified as a risk factor. Recent studies have reported a high abundance of Fusobacterium in CRC subjects compared to normal subjects, but this observation has not been reported for adenomas, CRC precursors. We assessed the abundance of Fusobacterium species in the normal rectal mucosa of subjects with (n = 48) and without adenomas (n = 67). We also confirmed previous reports on Fusobacterium and CRC in 10 CRC tumor tissues and 9 matching normal tissues by pyrosequencing. We extracted DNA from rectal mucosal biopsies and measured bacterial levels by quantitative PCR of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Local cytokine gene expression was also determined in mucosal biopsies from adenoma cases and controls by quantitative PCR. The mean log abundance of Fusobacterium or cytokine gene expression between cases and controls was compared by t-test. Logistic regression was used to compare tertiles of Fusobacterium abundance. Adenoma subjects had a significantly higher abundance of Fusobacterium species compared to controls (p = 0.01). Compared to the lowest tertile, subjects with high abundance of Fusobacterium were significantly more likely to have adenomas (OR 3.66, 95% CI 1.37-9.74, p-trend 0.005). Cases but not controls had a significant positive correlation between local cytokine gene expression and Fusobacterium abundance. Among cases, the correlation for local TNF-α and Fusobacterium was r = 0.33, p = 0.06 while it was 0.44, p = 0.01 for Fusobacterium and IL-10. These results support a link between the abundance of Fusobacterium in colonic mucosa and adenomas and suggest a possible role for mucosal inflammation in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber N. McCoy
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Félix Araújo-Pérez
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Andrea Azcárate-Peril
- Microbiome Core Facility, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease and Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jen Jen Yeh
- Departments of Surgery and Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Robert S. Sandler
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Temitope O. Keku
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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Lin YL, Chiang JK, Lin SM, Tseng CE. Helicobacter pylori infection concomitant with metabolic syndrome further increase risk of colorectal adenomas. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16:3841-6. [PMID: 20698048 PMCID: PMC2921097 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i30.3841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the association of colorectal adenomas with both Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and metabolic syndrome. METHODS Using a cross-sectional hospital-based study, we analyzed physical examination data from 9311 healthy subjects with overnight physical examinations performed between January 2004 and December 2006. Examined data included gender, age, life style, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, biochemical and hematological studies, H. pylori infection detected by esophagogastroduodenoscopy and biopsy urease tests, and colorectal adenomas detected with a complete total colonoscopy. RESULTS The prevalence values for H. pylori infection, metabolic syndrome, and colorectal adenoma were 39.2%, 18.7%, and 20.7%, respectively. Colorectal adenoma risk factors included male gender [odd ratio (OR): 2.005, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.740-2.310, P < 0.001], advanced age (OR: 1.046, 95% CI: 1.040-1.052, P < 0.001), smoking (OR: 1.377, 95% CI: 1.146-1.654, P = 0.001), increased body fat (OR: 1.016, 95% CI: 1.007-1.026, P = 0.001), higher white blood cell count (OR: 1.038, 95% CI: 1.005-1.073, P = 0.025), H. pylori infection (OR: 1.366, 95% CI: 1.230-1.517, P < 0.001), and metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.408, 95% CI: 1.231-1.610, P < 0.001). In addition, concomitant H. pylori infection with metabolic syndrome further increased the probability of colorectal adenomas. CONCLUSION Our study revealed H. pylori infection with concomitant metabolic syndrome might further increase the risk of colorectal adenomas.
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Pushkar' DI, belousov IB, Dukhanin AS, Maneshina OA, Govorov AV, Kurdzhiev MA. [Interaction of omnic (tamsulozine) and its generic analogues with alpha-adrenoreceptors]. Urologiia 2009:36-40. [PMID: 20209868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In current practice of pharmacotherapy of prostatic adenoma alpha1-adrenoblockers are first-line drugs the efficacy and safety of which have been proved in many randomized studies. Because of the appearance of a large amount of generic analogues of tamsulozine on the market we studied the ability of tamsulozine analogues to bind with alpha-adrenoreceptors on rat and human prostate affected by adenoma. Significant differences on the receptor level of interaction were found. Omnik, compared to other generic analogues of tamsulozine, has the highest affinity to alpha1-adrenoreceptors.
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Broussard GW, Norris MB, Schwindt AR, Fournie JW, Winn RN, Kent ML, Ennis DG. Chronic Mycobacterium marinum infection acts as a tumor promoter in Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2009; 149:152-60. [PMID: 18929684 PMCID: PMC2700008 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2008.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2008] [Revised: 09/13/2008] [Accepted: 09/14/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An accumulating body of research indicates there is an increased cancer risk associated with chronic infections. The genus Mycobacterium contains a number of species, including M. tuberculosis, which mount chronic infections and have been implicated in higher cancer risk. Several non-tuberculosis mycobacterial species, including M. marinum, are known to cause chronic infections in fish and like human tuberculosis, often go undetected. The elevated carcinogenic potential for fish colonies infected with Mycobacterium spp. could have far reaching implications because fish models are widely used to study human diseases. Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) is an established laboratory fish model for toxicology, mutagenesis, and carcinogenesis; and produces a chronic tuberculosis-like disease when infected by M. marinum. We examined the role that chronic mycobacterial infections play in cancer risk for medaka. Experimental M. marinum infections of medaka alone did not increase the mutational loads or proliferative lesion incidence in all tissues examined. However, we showed that chronic M. marinum infections increased hepatocellular proliferative lesions in fish also exposed to low doses of the mutagen benzo[a]pyrene. These results indicate that chronic mycobacterial infections of medaka are acting as tumor promoters and thereby suggest increased human risks for cancer promotion in human populations burdened with chronic tuberculosis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory W. Broussard
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana, P.O. Box 42451, Lafayette, LA 70504-2451, USA
| | - Michelle B. Norris
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Aquatic Biotechnology and Environmental Lab, 2580 Devil’s Ford Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Adam R. Schwindt
- Center for Fish Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, 220 Nash, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3804, USA
| | - John W. Fournie
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA
| | - Richard N. Winn
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Aquatic Biotechnology and Environmental Lab, 2580 Devil’s Ford Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Michael L. Kent
- Center for Fish Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, 220 Nash, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331-3804, USA
| | - Don G. Ennis
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana, P.O. Box 42451, Lafayette, LA 70504-2451, USA
- Corresponding author. Department of Biology, P.O. Box 42451, University of Lousiana, Lafayette, LA 70504-2451, United States., Tel: 1 337 482-5008; fax; 1 337 482-5660. E-mail address:
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Rocco A, Caruso R, Toracchio S, Rigoli L, Verginelli F, Catalano T, Neri M, Curia MC, Ottini L, Agnese V, Bazan V, Russo A, Pantuso G, Colucci G, Mariani-Costantini R, Nardone G. Gastric adenomas: relationship between clinicopathological findings, Helicobacter pylori infection, APC mutations and COX-2 expression. Ann Oncol 2008; 17 Suppl 7:vii103-8. [PMID: 16760271 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdl961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric adenomas are rare neoplastic growths characterized by localized polypoid proliferations of dysplastic epithelium that tend to progress to infiltrating adenocarcinoma. Therefore, the identification of molecular markers that could reliably recognize adenomas at risk of progression is advocated in the clinical management. In this study we investigated, in a series of gastric adenoma specimens from an area at high risk of gastric cancer, the relationship between clinicopathological characteristics of adenoma and Helicobacter pylori infection, APC mutational status, and COX-2 and the down-stream enzyme mPGES1 expression. Helicobacter pylori infection, detected in 24%, and 33% by histology and PCR analyses, respectively, did not show any relationship with growth pattern, localization, size, dysplasia grade and presence of synchronous cancer. Pathogenetic mutations of MCR region (codons 1269-1589) of the APC gene were detected only in one case corresponding to a single, small size, low grade, H. pylori-negative adenoma. The expression of COX-2 largely matched that of mPGES(1). Both were overexpressed in 79% of cases showing a relationship with high-grade dysplasia, size >10 mm and presence of a synchronous carcinoma. In conclusion, COX-2 may play a key role in the development and progression of gastric adenoma and could be an attractive target in the management of gastric adenoma at major risk of cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rocco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Jones M, Helliwell P, Pritchard C, Tharakan J, Mathew J. Helicobacter pylori in colorectal neoplasms: is there an aetiological relationship? World J Surg Oncol 2007; 5:51. [PMID: 17498313 PMCID: PMC1885433 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-5-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2006] [Accepted: 05/12/2007] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This pilot study was carried out to determine whether Helicobacter pylori can be detected in normal colon or in association with colorectal neoplasia. METHODS Paraffin processed colonic tissue blocks of normal colonic mucosa (n = 60), and patients diagnosed as adenoma (n = 60), and adenocarcinoma (n = 60) were retrieved from our archive; the adenoma group included tubular (n = 20), tubulovillous (n = 20) and villous adenomas (n = 20). 4 mum sections were stained by immunohistochemical methods using anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies (polyclonal NCL-HPp and monoclonal NCL-C-jejuni). RESULTS Significant numbers of Helicobacter pylori were identified in tubular adenomas (OR = 11.13; 95%CI = 1.62-76.70), tubulovillous adenomas (OR = 10.45; 95%CI = 1.52-71.52) and adenocarcinomas (OR = 8.13; 95%CI = 1.40-46.99) compared to controls: there was no association in numbers of Helicobacter pylori and villous adenomas (OR = 2.95; 95%CI = 0.29-9.96). CONCLUSION We conclude that although, in this pilot study, there appears to be an association in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori with some, but not all, colorectal neoplasms, we can not infer causality from these results. These findings need to be further substantiated with a prospective study and the use of molecular biological techniques to determine a causal association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Jones
- Department of Histopathology, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, TR1 3LJ, UK
| | - Peter Helliwell
- Department of Histopathology, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, TR1 3LJ, UK
| | - Colin Pritchard
- Department of Research and Development, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, TR1 3LJ, UK
| | - Joseph Tharakan
- Department of Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Harlow, Essex, UK
| | - Joseph Mathew
- Department of Histopathology, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, TR1 3LJ, UK
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Noguchi N, Ohashi T, Shiratori T, Narui K, Hagiwara T, Ko M, Watanabe K, Miyahara T, Taira S, Moriyasu F, Sasatsu M. Association of tannase-producing Staphylococcus lugdunensis with colon cancer and characterization of a novel tannase gene. J Gastroenterol 2007; 42:346-51. [PMID: 17530358 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-007-2012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2006] [Accepted: 01/18/2007] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between Streptococcus (St.) bovis endocarditis and colon cancer is well known. In St. bovis, the biotype I strain (formerly, St. gallolyticus) produces tannase that degrades tannins. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of tannase-producing bacteria with colon cancer, and to identify the major tannase-producing bacteria and the gene involved. METHODS Tannase-producing bacteria were isolated in tannic acid-treated selective agar medium from feces and rectal swabs of 357 patients who underwent colon endoscopy from 1999 to 2004. RESULTS Tannase-producing bacteria were isolated more frequently from the colon cancer group (24.3%) than from the adenoma or normal groups (14.4%; P < 0.05). S. gallolyticus, Staphylococcus (S.) lugdunensis, Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum, and L. pentosus were all identified as tannase-producing bacteria. Of these, S. lugdunensis was significantly isolated from the advanced-stage cancer group (22.2%; P < 0.001) more than from the early-stage cancer (8.6%) or adenoma (4.9%) groups. The gene (tanA) for tannase in S. lugdunensis was cloned and sequenced. The tanA gene was associated with all S. lugdunensis but not with other bacteria by Southern blotting and polymerase chain reaction. CONCLUSIONS Tannase-producing S. lugdunensis is associated with advanced-stage colon cancer, and the tanA gene is a useful marker for the detection of S. lugdunensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihisa Noguchi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND In cases of known aetiology, gastric duodenal metaplasia (GMD) is a reversible lesion. In cases of unknown aetiology, the fate of GMD remains elusive. GMD was recently found in a duodenal adenoma. AIM To audit the frequency of GMD occurring in a cohort of duodenal adenomas. METHODS Filed H&E-stained sections from 306 consecutive duodenal adenomas were investigated for the presence of GMD. RESULTS 68% of the adenomas (n = 208) were from patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), and the remaining 32% (n = 98) were sporadic. GMD was found in 31.7% (66/208) of the duodenal FAP adenomas and in 59.2% (58/98) of the duodenal sporadic adenomas (p<0.05). The causes for this difference are elusive. CONCLUSIONS As for other metaplasias of the gastrointestinal tract (intestinal metaplasia of the oesophagus and of the stomach, and metaplastic-hyperplastic polyposis of the colon, known to antedate neoplastic transformation), a subset of GMDs of unknown cause might be present in the duodenal mucosa before adenomatous changes ensue. That subset of GMD might have neoplastic proclivity similar to the metaplastic epithelium in other organs of the gastrointestinal tract. The known carcinogenic effect of high concentrations of bile acids and pancreatic juices bathing the duodenal mucosa carrying an irreversible subset of GDM might set aflame the adenomatous neoplastic transformation in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Rubio
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Pathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Mego M, Májek J, Konceková R, Ebringer L, Cierniková S, Rauko P, Kovác M, Trupl J, Slezák P, Zajac V. Intramucosal bacteria in colon cancer and their elimination by probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium M-74 with organic selenium. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2006; 50:443-7. [PMID: 16475505 DOI: 10.1007/bf02931427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Intraepithelial bacteria were isolated by the gentamicin protection assay (GPA) from biopsy samples obtained at colonoscopy (colon cancer, n = 10 patients; colonic adenoma, n = 20; control group, n = 20; cancer patients without gastrointestinal tract GIT malignancy, n = 10). After a three-month administration of E. faecium M-74 to patients with positive GPA biopsies, 172 biopsy specimens from 60 patients were examined with the GPA. The number of biopsies with intracellular bacteria was significantly higher in adenoma and carcinoma group than in control group (26 vs. 10%; p = 0.004); in cancer patients without GIT malignancy the difference was nonsignificant. E. faecium M-74 was also administered to 5 patients with colonic adenoma; according to a control colonoscopy the number of biopsies with intracellular bacteria was significantly lower after probiotic administration (48 vs. 16%; p = 0.03). A striking prevalence of intraepithelial bacteria was also showed in patients with large bowel adenoma and carcinoma. The administration of probiotic strain M-74 can thus be considered to be an effective and promising method for elimination of pathogenic bacteria in the case of inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mego
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Jung JT, Lee CH, You SS, Ha HK, Bae JS, Kwon JG, Kim EY, Kim HG, Cho CH, Shin IH. [Grading of histology, expression of apoptosis and cell proliferation in gastric mucosa adjacent to gastric adenoma or adenocarcinoma]. Korean J Gastroenterol 2005; 46:269-75. [PMID: 16247270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection can lead to gastric adenoma and carcinoma through atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. Imbalance between apoptosis and proliferation may play a role in gastric carcinogenesis. We tried to investigate H. pylori infection rate, grade of gastritis, environmental risk factors, expression rate of apoptosis and cell proliferation in mucosa adjacent to tumor, and we also tried to find significant factors associated with gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS Endoscopically diagnosed twenty cases of intestinal type gastric carcinoma, 20 cases of gastric adenoma, and 40 cases of control (normal or gastritis) were enrolled. H. pylori infection rate, histologic grading, apoptosis and immunohistochemical stain (Ki-67 and p53) to check mucosal proliferation were done in endoscopically biopsied tissues at antrum and body at least 2 cm apart from adenoma or carcinoma. RESULTS In three groups, H. pylori infection rates were not significantly different. In the multivariate analysis, only atrophy of gland was a significant risk factor for adenoma compared to control group (OR 3.7). Intestinal metaplasia in antrum and alcohol drinking were significant risk factors for carcinoma compared to control group (OR 4.4 and 4.9 respectively). Expressions of apoptosis, Ki-67 and p53 were not significantly different in three groups. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal metaplasia in antrum and alcohol drinking are significant risk factors for gastric carcinoma. Degree of mucosal proliferation and apoptosis in gastric mucosa adjacent to tumor are not significantly different in three groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Tae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Ito M, Tanaka S, Takata S, Oka S, Imagawa S, Ueda H, Egi Y, Kitadai Y, Yasui W, Yoshihara M, Haruma K, Chayama K. Morphological changes in human gastric tumours after eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori in a short-term follow-up. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 21:559-66. [PMID: 15740539 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02360.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is controversial as to whether the development of gastric cancer is influenced by Helicobacter pylori eradication. If eradication itself influences the tumour morphology, this may affect the tumour discovery rate. AIM To investigate the morphological changes in the gastric neoplasm after H. pylori eradication. METHODS We studied 37 patients with eradication therapy. After a 1-month follow-up, endoscopic re-evaluation was performed and the appearance was compared with first image. All lesions were resected endoscopically, and were subjected to histological assessment and to immunohistochemistry. Serum gastrin levels were determined before and after eradication. RESULTS Twenty-nine of 37 patients underwent successful eradication. The appearance of 11 lesions (33% of 33 lesions) became indistinct after successful eradication. All lesions were of the superficial-elevated type and the height of the lesions decreased. We detected normal columnar epithelium over the neoplasm in eight of the lesions. Higher expression of single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid in the deep area was characteristic in tumours with an indistinct appearance. These changes did not correlate with the serum gastrin levels. CONCLUSIONS The morphology of the gastric neoplasm change after eradication in the short-term. This may contribute to the decreased tumour discovery rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ito
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Ito M, Tanaka S, Takata S, Oka S, Imagawa S, Ueda H, Egi Y, Kitadai Y, Yasui W, Yoshihara M, Haruma K, Chayama K. Morphological changes in human gastric tumours after eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori in a short-term follow-up. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 21:559-566. [PMID: 15740539 DOI: 10.1111/apt.2005.21.issue-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is controversial as to whether the development of gastric cancer is influenced by Helicobacter pylori eradication. If eradication itself influences the tumour morphology, this may affect the tumour discovery rate. AIM To investigate the morphological changes in the gastric neoplasm after H. pylori eradication. METHODS We studied 37 patients with eradication therapy. After a 1-month follow-up, endoscopic re-evaluation was performed and the appearance was compared with first image. All lesions were resected endoscopically, and were subjected to histological assessment and to immunohistochemistry. Serum gastrin levels were determined before and after eradication. RESULTS Twenty-nine of 37 patients underwent successful eradication. The appearance of 11 lesions (33% of 33 lesions) became indistinct after successful eradication. All lesions were of the superficial-elevated type and the height of the lesions decreased. We detected normal columnar epithelium over the neoplasm in eight of the lesions. Higher expression of single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid in the deep area was characteristic in tumours with an indistinct appearance. These changes did not correlate with the serum gastrin levels. CONCLUSIONS The morphology of the gastric neoplasm change after eradication in the short-term. This may contribute to the decreased tumour discovery rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ito
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Jacob PM, Sukumar GC, Nair A, Thomas S. Parathyroid adenoma with necrotizing granulomatous inflammation presenting as primary hyperparathyroidism. Endocr Pathol 2005; 16:157-60. [PMID: 16199902 DOI: 10.1385/ep:16:2:157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Nam KT, Oh SY, Ahn B, Kim YB, Jang DD, Yang KH, Hahm KB, Kim DY. Decreased Helicobacter pylori associated gastric carcinogenesis in mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase. Gut 2004; 53:1250-5. [PMID: 15306579 PMCID: PMC1774181 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2003.030684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/26/2004] [Accepted: 02/19/2004] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Overproduction of nitric oxide via inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is suggested to be a significant pathogenic factor in Helicobacter pylori induced gastritis. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of iNOS in H pylori associated gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS Two types of mice were used in this study: iNOS deficient mice (iNOS-/-) and wild-type littermates. Gastric cancer was generated in mice using a combination treatment comprising N-methyl-N-nitrosourea administration and H pylori infection. Fifty weeks after treatment, tumours in gastric tissues from both types of mice were examined using histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and immunoblotting for iNOS and 3-nitrotyrosine. RESULTS The overall incidence of gastric cancer at week 50 was significantly lower in iNOS-/- compared with iNOS wild-type mice (p<0.05). When analysed according to tumour pathology, the incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma was significantly lower in iNOS-/- compared with iNOS wild-type mice (p<0.05). Immunostaining for iNOS was clearly observed in adenocarcinoma cells of iNOS wild-type mice, and was characterised by a strong cytoplasmic expression pattern. 3-Nitrotyrosine was expressed mostly in the area of the lamina propria of gastritis and adenoma lesions in iNOS wild-type mice. Immunoblotting analyses showed that iNOS and 3-nitrotyrosine were also expressed in both adenoma and adenocarcinoma tissues from iNOS wild-type mice. iNOS and 3-nitrotyrosine expression was greater in tumour tissues than in non-tumour tissues. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that iNOS contributes to H pylori associated gastric carcinogenesis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Nam
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Minushkin ON, Burdina EG. [Helicobacter pylori and stomach adenoma in outpatient practice]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2004; 76:26-8. [PMID: 15108432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the role of Helicobacter pylori (HP) persistence in generation of gastric mucosa adenoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy of the mucosa from the antral portion and body of the stomach was made for diagnosis of HP and morphological changes in 28 patients aged 47 to 86 years with gastric adenoma. RESULTS Chronic gastritis with HP was diagnosed in 57.1% patients. HP contamination was, as a rule, weak (32.1%) or moderate (53.5%). It correlated with activity of inflammatory and dystrophic changes (the first degree--35.7%, the second one--39.3%; atrophy--99.6%, metaplasia--92.8%, respectively). CONCLUSION The morphological study revealed a strong correlation between gastric adenomas and HP persistence. As adenomas are characterized by a high risk of malignant transformation and must be removed, it is recommended to eradicate HB infection.
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Lee KM, Lee DS, Yang JM, Ahn BM, Lee EH, Yoo JY, Kim YJ, Chung IS, Sun HS, Park DH. [Effect of Helicobacter pylori on gastric epithelial cell kinetics and expression of apoptosis-related proteins in gastric carcinogenesis]. Korean J Gastroenterol 2003; 42:12-9. [PMID: 14532726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS We investigated apoptosis, cell proliferation and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in the gastric epithelial cells of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-negative and positive patients. METHODS TUNEL staining, immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67, p53, Bcl-2, Bcl-X(L) and Bax were performed on paraffin-embedded specimens obtained from 11 H. pylori-negative controls, 20 H. pylori-positive chronic gastritis, 10 chronic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia (IM), 11 adenoma, and 7 adenocarcinoma patients. Apoptosis and proliferation were expressed as apoptosis index (AI) and proliferation index (PI). RESULTS In H. pylori-positive groups, apoptosis and proliferation were increased compared with controls. However, an AI/PI ratio was highest in chronic gastritis cases and then gradually reduced according to the progress from IM to cancer. p53 was expressed in 28.6% of adenocarcinoma cases. Expression of Bax was significantly increased in chronic gastritis and IM patients compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS H. pylori infection induces marked increase in apoptosis and proliferation of gastric mucosa. In the premalignant lesions, the balance between apoptosis and proliferation is altered, and this imbalance may play a key role in the gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Moon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
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40
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Fukuda K, Kuroki T, Tajima Y, Tsuneoka N, Kitajima T, Matsuzaki S, Furui J, Kanematsu T. Comparative analysis of Helicobacter DNAs and biliary pathology in patients with and without hepatobiliary cancer. Carcinogenesis 2002; 23:1927-31. [PMID: 12419842 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/23.11.1927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Several Helicobacter species have recently been isolated from the bile and hepatobiliary systems of murine species, and are well recognized as a pathogen of the hepatobiliary disorder. This study was planned to investigate whether Helicobacter species possess a causative potential for human hepatobiliary disease, especially for hepatobiliary carcinogenesis. Bile and hepatobiliary tissue samples from 19 patients with hepatobiliary cancer and 19 patients with benign biliary diseases were subjected to polymerase chain reaction analyses for the detection of Helicobacter DNAs. Using a proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) staining technique, we also investigated the biliary epithelial cell kinetics with special reference to the presence of Helicobacter DNAs in the hepatobiliary system. We found that Helicobacter DNAs were positive in 10 (52.6%) of the 19 patients with hepatobiliary cancer. The incidence was significantly higher than that (15.7%) in the benign cases (P = 0.03). The PCNA labeling index in the biliary epithelium in Helicobacter DNA-positive patients was statistically higher than that in Helicobacter DNA-negative ones, regardless of whether the patient was suffering from hepatobiliary cancer and/or biliary inflammation. A close correlation between the presence of Helicobacter DNAs and an elevation of the PCNA labeling index in the biliary epithelium was demonstrated by multiple regression analysis. Our findings suggest that Helicobacter species may play a role in the pathogenesis of hepatobiliary cancer through an acceleration of biliary cell kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenzo Fukuda
- Department of Surgery II, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan.
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41
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Helicobacter pylori gastritis is a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer. The results of several studies indicate that gastric adenomas, which are considered premalignant lesions, may also be associated with H pylori gastritis. However, it is not clear whether there are different patterns of gastritis in these patients compared with patients with gastric cancer or patients with H pylori gastritis alone. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the patterns of gastritis in these three groups of patients. METHODS The histological features of gastric mucosa at a distance from the tumour were analysed prospectively in 118 patients with gastric adenoma (mean age, 71.8; female to male ratio, 6 : 4). In addition, for every patient with H pylori associated gastric adenoma an age and sex matched control patient with either H pylori associated early gastric cancer of the intestinal type or H pylori gastritis only was investigated. RESULTS Only 60 patients (50.9%) with gastric adenoma were infected with H pylori. In the remaining patients, complete atrophic gastritis predominated. In those patients with adenoma and H pylori infection, the gastritis was similar to that seen in patients with early gastric cancer (median score, 2 for activity and degree of gastritis in the antrum and corpus); intestinal metaplasia was common to both groups. These two groups differed significantly from patients with H pylori gastritis only (median grade and activity of gastritis, 1 in antrum and corpus), in whom intestinal metaplasia was rare. CONCLUSIONS It appears that gastric adenomas and gastric intestinal cancer arise by analogous mechanisms. However, owing to severe atrophic gastritis and a lower incidence of H pylori, adenomas do not appear to be definite precursor lesions for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meining
- Medical Department, University of Munich, 0-80336 Munich, Germany
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42
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Loogna P, Franzén L, Sipponen P, Domellöf L. Effects of Helicobacter pylori and bile on N-methyl-N'-nitro-N'-nitrosoguanidine exposed antral mucosa of C57BU6 mice. Virchows Arch 2001; 439:661-7. [PMID: 11764387 DOI: 10.1007/s004280100456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the early influence of Helicobacter pylori infection on cell kinetics in the antral mucosa of mice exposed to N-methyl-N'-nitro-N'-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and bile alone or in combinations. Four hundred and one C57BL/6 male and female mice were assigned into seven treatment groups and one non-treated control group. The gastric antrums were assessed by histology and immunohistochemistry for studies of cell proliferation and apoptosis at 32 and 44 weeks. One female and one male mouse had developed dysplastic adenomas in the pylorus mucosa and one male animal had dysplastic proliferation in the antrum. Only one of these lesions occurred in a H. pylori colonized animal. H. pylori infection significantly increased the cell proliferation at 32 weeks and promoted the cell proliferation in the MNNG and bile group at 44 weeks. Female mice showed less increase in cell proliferation than did the males. No change in apoptosis was seen in any of the groups. Bile had no promotional effect on cell proliferation. These results indicate that H. pylori infection has the potential to alter epithelial cell kinetics as well as antrum mucosa of an animal species that is regarded as resistant to MNNG. However, this change is not sufficient to promote the early development of neoplastic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Loogna
- Department of Surgery, Orebro Medical Centre Hospital, Sweden
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Nancey S, Coffin B, Descos L, Flourié B. [Colonic microflora and cancer]. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2001; 25:C79-84. [PMID: 11787385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Nancey
- Service d'Hépatho-Gynécologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, 69495 Pierre-Bénite
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Newman JV, Kosaka T, Sheppard BJ, Fox JG, Schauer DB. Bacterial infection promotes colon tumorigenesis in Apc(Min/+) mice. J Infect Dis 2001; 184:227-30. [PMID: 11424022 DOI: 10.1086/321998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2000] [Revised: 04/05/2001] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Min mouse, which has a germ line mutation in 1 allele of the Apc tumor suppressor gene, is a model for the early steps in human colorectal cancer. Helicobacter pylori infection, a known risk factor for gastric cancer in humans, causes chronic inflammation and increased epithelial cell proliferation in the stomach. Infection with the bacterium Citrobacter rodentium is known to increase epithelial cell proliferation and to promote chemically initiated tumors in the colon of mice. Min mice infected with C. rodentium at 1 month of age were found to have a 4-fold increase in the number of colonic adenomas at 6 months of age, compared with uninfected Min mice. Most of the colonic adenomas in the infected Min mice were in the distal colon, where C. rodentium-induced hyperplasia occurs. These data demonstrate that bacterial infection promotes colon tumor formation in genetically susceptible mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Newman
- Division of Bioengineering and Environmental Health, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Kar DK, Agarwal G, Mehta B, Agarwal J, Gupta RK, Dhole TN, Mishra SK. Tuberculous granulomatous inflammation associated with adenoma of parathyroid gland manifesting as primary hyperparathyroidism. Endocr Pathol 2001; 12:355-9. [PMID: 11740057 DOI: 10.1385/ep:12:3:355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A 36-year-old female presented with generalized bone pain, muscular weakness and enlarged cervical lymph nodes. The biochemical findings and skeletal survey was suggestive of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). CT of neck and thorax showed enlarged multiple lymph nodes in the cervical and superior mediastinal region. With a diagnosis of PHPT she underwent cervical exploration and excision of enlarged right inferior parathyroid gland along with biopsy of nodes were done. Histopathology revealed the features of right parathyroid adenoma with few foci of epithelioid granuloma and granulomatous lymphadenitis. AFB smear and culture sensitivity was negative. A positive PCR for Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the homogenates of parathyroid tumor confirmed tuberculous inflammation within the parathyroid adenoma. To the best of our knowledge this is the first reported case of parathyroid adenoma associated with tuberculous pathology in a case of PHPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Kar
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A nonrandomized trial of Helicobacter pylori eradication was conducted in patients with endoscopically diagnosed gastric adenoma to determine the long-term effect of antimicrobial treatment on progression of the adenoma. METHODS Of 64 patients with an endoscopically diagnosed gastric adenoma and H pylori infection, 32 were treated with omeprazole and antibiotics to eradicate the infection, and 32 were not. RESULTS During 2 years of follow-up, 4 (12.5%) of the 32 patients in the untreated group developed an early stage, intestinal-type gastric cancer, whereas no gastric cancer was found in the 32 patients in the treated group. CONCLUSION H Pylori eradication may inhibit progression of gastric adenoma to carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Saito
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University School of Medicine, Japan
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Horie H, Kanazawa K, Kobayashi E, Okada M, Fujimura A, Yamagiwa S, Abo T. Effects of intestinal bacteria on the development of colonic neoplasm II. Changes in the immunological environment. Eur J Cancer Prev 1999; 8:533-7. [PMID: 10643943 DOI: 10.1097/00008469-199912000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To study the effects of intestinal bacteria on the development of colonic neoplasm, we have established gnotobiotic mice with a single species of intestinal bacteria. In the previous study, the incidence of colonic adenoma induced with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in the gnotobiotic mice with Lactobacillus acidophilus, gnotobiotic mice with Escherichia coli and germ-free mice were 30, 50 and 74%, respectively. In this study, 7-week-old mice in each group were sacrificed without the administration of DMH to examine the constituents of immuno-competent cells in various mouse organs using flow cytometry. In the gnotobiotic mice, CD3 intermediate interleukin (IL)-2Rbeta positive cells were observed predominantly in the liver. In the gnotobiotic mice with L. acidophilus, Mac-1 positive Gr-1 positive cells were observed predominantly in the colonic lamina propria. The activation of extrathymic T cells in the liver and granulocytes in the colonic mucosa may be related to anti-neoplastic effects of L. acidophilus in this experimental model.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Horie
- Department of Surgery, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan
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Abstract
An outbreak of disease in multiparous females occurred in one isolator in a colony of Balb/-c germ-free mice. The affected isolator had been accidentally contaminated with Copyright Clostridium perfringens. Gross and histological examination of the diseased mice revealed lesions in the lungs, heart and intestinal tract. Lesions in the valvular endocardium and vascular walls were closely associated with bacterial colonies and septic thrombi containing Gram-positive rods. C perfringens type B was recovered in pure culture from the faeces, intestinal contents and atrial thrombi of the sick mice. Intestinal lesions varied, depending on the region of the intestine. The ileum showed shortened villi and ulceration of the mucosa. The duodenum of all the affected mice showed microscopic foci of polypoid adenomatous growth of the crypt epithelium. The significance of these unusual neoplastic lesions is discussed in the context of the growing evidence of an association between cell growth and bacterial cell products.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rozengurt
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK
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Horie H, Kanazawa K, Okada M, Narushima S, Itoh K, Terada A. Effects of intestinal bacteria on the development of colonic neoplasm: an experimental study. Eur J Cancer Prev 1999; 8:237-45. [PMID: 10443953 DOI: 10.1097/00008469-199906000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Effects of intestinal microflora on the development of colonic neoplasm induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) were observed using conventionalized and gnotobiotic mouse models. The incidence of colonic adenoma in germ-free mice (IQI/jic) (GF), mice conventionalized after DMH injection (Cvz-post-DMH) and conventionalized mice (Cvz, conventionalized before DMH injection) was 74%, 69% and 58%, respectively. The mean number of adenomas per mouse in the three groups was 2.6, 2.0 and 1.4, respectively. However, the adenoma in Cvz was larger than in GF. The incidence of adenoma in mice mono-associated with Mitsuokella multiacida, Clostridium butyricum, Bifidobacterium longum, Clostridium paraputrificum, Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus acidophilus was 68%, 68%, 63%, 50%, 50% and 30%, respectively. However, the adenoma in the Cl. paraputrificum group and the Cl. butyricum group was larger than in GF. Faecal pH in Cvz and the L. acidophilus group was significantly lower than in GF. The deconjugation rate of faecal bile acids in Cvz, the Cl. paraputrificum group and the Cl. butyricum group was significantly higher than in GF. These findings suggested two different effects of microflora on the development of DMH-induced adenoma: either an inhibition of the incidence of adenoma or a promotion of tumour growth. Effects of L. acidophilus may be mediated by faecal pH and effects of Cl. paraputrificum and Cl. butyricum by deconjugated bile acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Horie
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical School, Yakushiji, Tochigi, Japan.
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