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Horie H, Matsusaka S, Ishihara S, Kondo K, Uehara K, Oguchi M, Murofushi K, Ueno M, Mizunuma N, Shimbo T, Kato D, Okuda J, Hashiguchi Y, Nakazawa M, Sunami E, Kawai K, Yamashita H, Okada T, Nakajima T, Watanabe T. S-1 plus oxaliplatin combined with radiation (SOX/RT) for preoperative locally advanced rectal carcinoma: final results of a phase II study (JACCRO CC-04: SHOGUN trial). Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw370.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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2
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Kaneko Y, Okita H, Haruta M, Arai Y, Oue T, Tanaka Y, Horie H, Hinotsu S, Koshinaga T, Yoneda A, Ohtsuka Y, Taguchi T, Fukuzawa M. A high incidence of WT1 abnormality in bilateral Wilms tumours in Japan, and the penetrance rates in children with WT1 germline mutation. Br J Cancer 2015; 112:1121-33. [PMID: 25688735 PMCID: PMC4366886 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bilateral Wilms tumours (BWTs) occur by germline mutation of various predisposing genes; one of which is WT1 whose abnormality was reported in 17–38% of BWTs in Caucasians, whereas no such studies have been conducted in East-Asians. Carriers with WT1 mutations are increasing because of improved survival. Methods: Statuses of WT1 and IGF2 were examined in 45 BWTs from 31 patients with WT1 sequencing and SNP array-based genomic analyses. The penetrance rates were estimated in WT1-mutant familial Wilms tumours collected from the present and previous studies. Results: We detected WT1 abnormalities in 25 (81%) of 31 patients and two families, which were included in the penetrance rate analysis of familial Wilms tumour. Of 35 BWTs from the 25 patients, 31 had small homozygous WT1 mutations and uniparental disomy of IGF2, while 4 had large 11p13 deletions with the retention of 11p heterozygosity. The penetrance rate was 100% if children inherited small WT1 mutations from their fathers, and 67% if inherited the mutations from their mothers, or inherited or had de novo 11p13 deletions irrespective of parental origin (P=0.057). Conclusions: The high incidence of WT1 abnormalities in Japanese BWTs sharply contrasts with the lower incidence in Caucasian counterparts, and the penetrance rates should be clarified for genetic counselling of survivors with WT1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kaneko
- 1] Department of Cancer Diagnosis, Research Institute for Clinical Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Saitama 362-0806, Japan [2] Japan Wilms Tumor Study Group (JWiTS), Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - H Okita
- Japan Wilms Tumor Study Group (JWiTS), Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - M Haruta
- 1] Department of Cancer Diagnosis, Research Institute for Clinical Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Saitama 362-0806, Japan [2] Japan Wilms Tumor Study Group (JWiTS), Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Y Arai
- Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - T Oue
- Japan Wilms Tumor Study Group (JWiTS), Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Japan Wilms Tumor Study Group (JWiTS), Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - H Horie
- Japan Wilms Tumor Study Group (JWiTS), Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - S Hinotsu
- Japan Wilms Tumor Study Group (JWiTS), Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - T Koshinaga
- Japan Wilms Tumor Study Group (JWiTS), Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - A Yoneda
- Japan Wilms Tumor Study Group (JWiTS), Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Y Ohtsuka
- Japan Wilms Tumor Study Group (JWiTS), Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - T Taguchi
- Japan Wilms Tumor Study Group (JWiTS), Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - M Fukuzawa
- Japan Wilms Tumor Study Group (JWiTS), Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
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3
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Handa O, Majima A, Onozawa Y, Horie H, Uehara Y, Fukui A, Omatsu T, Naito Y, Yoshikawa T. The role of mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced small intestinal injury. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:1095-9. [PMID: 24870068 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.928411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been implemented in clinical settings for a long time for their anti-inflammatory effects. With the number of NSAID users increasing, gastroenterological physicians and researchers have worked hard to prevent and treat NSAID-induced gastric mucosal injury, an effort that has for the large part being successful. However, the struggle against NSAID-induced mucosal damage has taken on a new urgency due to the discovery of NSAID-induced small intestinal mucosal injury. Although the main mechanism by which NSAIDs induce small intestinal mucosal injury has been thought to depend on the inhibitory effect of NSAIDs on cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, recent studies have revealed the importance of mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which occurs independently of COX-inhibition. ROS production is an especially important factor in the increase of small intestinal epithelial cell permeability, an early stage in the process of small intestinal mucosal injury. By clarifying the precise mechanism, together with its clinical features using novel endoscopy, effective strategies for preventing NSAID-induced small intestinal damage, especially targeting mitochondria-derived ROS production, may be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Handa
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine , Kyoto , Japan
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4
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Abstract
A 57-year-old man was admitted with a type 2 (ulcerated with clear margin) cancer in the cecum. Contrast-enhanced CT showed that the superior mesenteric vein was anterior to the superior mesenteric artery, and the patient was suspected of having intestinal malrotation. A laparoscopic-assisted ileocecal resection was performed. At operation, the cecum and the transverse colon passed through the root of the mesentery behind the superior mesenteric artery with the duodenum. Therefore, this was thought to be a reversed-type intestinal malrotation. After the operation, 3D-CT colonography with duodenography images were reconstructed to retrospectively confirm the diagnosis of a reversed malrotation. These images clearly demonstrated the abnormal anatomy and overall orientation of the intestine. Patients with a reversed intestinal malrotation and concurrent cecal cancer are extremely rare. Herein, we present a patient who underwent a laparoscopic-assisted ileocecal resection for cecal cancer that presented concurrently with a reversed intestinal malrotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Morimoto
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
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5
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Horie H, Yamada A. Synergistic effects of sodium chenodeoxycholic acid on antimicrobial activities of β-lactam antibiotics against β-lactamase-producing Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Infect Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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6
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Togashi K, Ajioka Y, Koinuma K, Lefor AT, Miyakura Y, Horie H, Yasuda Y. Recurrence after polypectomy for a pedunculated polyp with subtle invasion but no unfavorable histology. Endoscopy 2011; 43 Suppl 2 UCTN:E38-9. [PMID: 21287442 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1215373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Togashi
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
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7
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Yamada A, Horie H. Reversion in Polio Vaccine Viruses in Cultivation Cells Derived from Human Alimentary Tract. Int J Infect Dis 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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8
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Kusaka I, Nagasaka S, Horie H, Ishibashi S. Metformin, but not pioglitazone, decreases postchallenge plasma ghrelin levels in type 2 diabetic patients: a possible role in weight stability? Diabetes Obes Metab 2008; 10:1039-46. [PMID: 18355332 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.00857.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Effects of metformin and pioglitazone on body weight are clearly different. Recently, the role of ghrelin, an orexigenic peptide derived from stomach, has been appreciated. Plasma ghrelin levels display a preprandial peak and postprandial suppression, suggesting its physiological role. We hypothesized that metformin or pioglitazone may modulate circulating ghrelin levels and this modulation may be related to differential effects on body weight with these agents. METHODS Thirty-five Japanese type 2 diabetic patients [21 men and 14 women, age 62 +/- 2 years, body mass index (BMI) 26.6 +/- 0.5 kg/m(2) and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 8.2 +/- 0.1%, mean +/- s.e.] were randomly assigned to groups for the addition of metformin or pioglitazone. At baseline and 4 months later, a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to measure plasma ghrelin levels. RESULTS In 33 subjects who completed the study, the overall decrease in HbA1c ( approximately 1%) was comparable between the two groups. As expected, BMI increased in the pioglitazone group but not in the metformin group. After the treatment, plasma ghrelin levels at each point of OGTT remained unchanged in the pioglitazone group. In the metformin group, fasting ghrelin levels were unaltered, whereas the absolute levels at 30, 60 and 120 min decreased significantly. The area under the curve for the 2-h ghrelin profile also decreased significantly. CONCLUSIONS Metformin, but not pioglitazone, decreased plasma ghrelin levels after the glucose load. This decrease may in part account for weight stability in type 2 diabetic patients treated with metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kusaka
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
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9
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Simizu B, Abe S, Yamamoto H, Tano Y, Ota Y, Miyazawa M, Horie H, Satoh K, Wakabayashi K. Development of inactivated poliovirus vaccine derived from Sabin strains. Biologicals 2006; 34:151-4. [PMID: 16679028 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2006.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the course of Sabin-inactivated poliovirus vaccine (S-IPV) development, we have established high-yield virus production techniques based on Vero cell micro-carrier cultures. Development of specific ELISA tests to quantify the antigen content of S-IPV has been achieved. To adjust the immunogenicity of S-IPV so as to be comparable with the conventional-IPV, a new formulation was determined using a potency test using rats. The reformulated S-IPV was shown to be efficacious for the immunization of monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Simizu
- Japan Poliomyelitis Research Institute, 5-34-4, Kumegawa-cho, Higashi-murayama, Tokyo 189-0003, Japan
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Iwai M, Nakayama T, Matsuura K, Hasegawa S, Ando S, Obara M, Nagai Y, Yoshida H, Horie H. Assessment of efficacy of a live oral poliovirus vaccine for virulent Sabin-like poliovirus 1 strains in Japan. Acta Virol 2006; 50:139-43. [PMID: 16808333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Virulent Sabin-like poliovirus (VSLP) was isolated from river and sewage waters between October 1993 and September 1995 in Toyama Prefecture, Japan (Yoshida et al., Lancet 356, 1461-1463, 2000). In this study, to assess the possibility of an epidemic of poliomyelitis caused by a VSLP in Japan under the current vaccination policy of administration of live attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), we determined titers of serum neutralizing antibodies to poliovirus 1 (PV-1) strains Sabin (vaccine strain), Mahoney (wild-type strain) and G4-12 (VSLP) in various groups of residents of Toyama Prefecture, Japan. The seropositivity and geometric mean neutralizing antibody titers against these strains in the individuals who obtained two doses of OPV were 99.1%, 94.5% and 95.5%, respectively, and 564, 186 and 194, respectively. Although the antibody titers to G4-12 were lower compared with those to Sabin, these results indicate that the OPV vaccination policy in Japan has been effective in preventing poliomyelitis caused by VSLPs. These results also suggest that (i) an epidemic of poliomyelitis caused by a VSLP has not occurred in Japan due to herd immunity, and (ii) the possibility of reemergence of VSLPs will be prevented if sufficient herd immunity is acquired immediately after completion of the OPV vaccination in accordance with the poliomyelitis eradication program.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iwai
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Japan
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11
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McGraw J, Gaudet AD, Oschipok LW, Kadoya T, Horie H, Steeves JD, Tetzlaff W, Ramer MS. Regulation of neuronal and glial galectin-1 expression by peripheral and central axotomy of rat primary afferent neurons. Exp Neurol 2005; 195:103-14. [PMID: 15893752 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2005] [Revised: 04/06/2005] [Accepted: 04/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-1 (Gal1) is an endogenously-expressed protein important for the embryonic development of the full complement of primary sensory neurons and their synaptic connections in the spinal cord. Gal1 also promotes axonal regeneration following peripheral nerve injury, but the regulation of Gal1 by axotomy in primary afferent neurons has not yet been examined. Here, we show by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization that Gal1 expression is differentially regulated by peripheral nerve injury and by dorsal rhizotomy. Following peripheral nerve injury, the proportion of Gal1-positive DRG neurons was increased. An increase in the proportion of large-diameter DRG neurons immunopositive for Gal1 was paralleled by an increase in the depth of immunoreactivity in the dorsal horn, where Gal1-positive terminals are normally restricted to laminae I and II. Dorsal rhizotomy did not affect the proportions of neurons containing Gal1 mRNA or protein, but did deplete the ipsilateral dorsal horn of Gal1 immunoreactivity, indicating that it is transported centrally by dorsal root axons. Dorsal rhizotomy also resulted in an increase in Gal1 mRNA the nerve peripheral to the PNS-CNS interface (likely within Schwann cells and/or macrophages), and to a lesser extent within deafferented spinal cord regions undergoing Wallerian degeneration. This latter increase was notable in the dorsal columns and along the prior trajectories of myelinated afferents into the deeper dorsal horn. These results show that neuronal and glial expressions of Gal1 are tightly correlated with regenerative success. Thus, the differential expression pattern of Gal1 following peripheral axotomy and dorsal rhizotomy suggests that endogenous Gal1 may be a factor important to the regenerative response of injured axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- J McGraw
- ICORD (International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries), Department of Zoology, 6270 University Boulevard, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Z4
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12
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Kurushima H, Ohno M, Miura T, Nakamura TY, Horie H, Kadoya T, Ooboshi H, Kitazono T, Ibayashi S, Iida M, Nakabeppu Y. Selective induction of ΔFosB in the brain after transient forebrain ischemia accompanied by an increased expression of galectin-1, and the implication of ΔFosB and galectin-1 in neuroprotection and neurogenesis. Cell Death Differ 2005; 12:1078-96. [PMID: 15861185 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient forebrain ischemia causes selective induction of DeltaFosB, an AP-1 (activator protein-1) subunit, in cells within the ventricle wall or those in the dentate gyrus in the rat brain prior to neurogenesis, followed by induction of nestin, a marker for neuronal precursor cells, or galectin-1, a beta-galactoside sugar-binding lectin. The adenovirus-mediated expression of FosB or DeltaFosB induced expression of nestin, glial fibrillary acidic protein and galectin-1 in rat embryonic cortical cells. DeltaFosB-expressing cells exhibited a significantly higher survival and proliferation after the withdrawal of B27 supplement than the control or FosB-expressing cells. The decline in the DeltaFosB expression in the survivors enhanced the MAP2 expression. The expression of DeltaFosB in cells within the ventricle wall of the rat brain also resulted in an elevated expression of nestin. We therefore conclude that DeltaFosB can promote the proliferation of quiescent neuronal precursor cells, thus enhancing neurogenesis after transient forebrain ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kurushima
- Division of Neurofunctional Genomics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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13
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Abstract
The exogenous application of recombinant galectin-1 has recently been shown to promote the rate of peripheral nerve regeneration. Endogenous neuronal galectin-1 expression has recently been demonstrated to increase after axotomy. Here we demonstrate a significant increase in the endogenous neuronal expression of galectin-1 mRNA in facial motoneurons after either a nerve resection or crush injury in mice. This increase in galectin-1 expression was due in part to the loss of target-derived factor(s) as indicated by both the return of galectin-1 expression to control levels following target re-innervation and the increase in galectin-1 expression after blockade of axonal transport by an interneuronal colchicine injection. Furthermore, interneuronal injections of glial-derived neurotrophic factor into the uninjured nerve also increased galectin-1 mRNA expression within facial motoneurons suggesting that positive signals may also be involved in the regulation of galectin-1 expression. Galectin-1 null mutant mice showed an attenuated rate of functional recovery of whisking movement after a facial nerve crush.
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Affiliation(s)
- J McGraw
- International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries, 6270 University Boulevard, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, V6T 1Z4
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Hiyama E, Yamaoka H, Matsunaga T, Hayashi Y, Ando H, Suita S, Horie H, Kaneko M, Sasaki F, Hashizume K, Nakagawara A, Ohnuma N, Yokoyama T. High expression of telomerase is an independent prognostic indicator of poor outcome in hepatoblastoma. Br J Cancer 2004; 91:972-9. [PMID: 15280920 PMCID: PMC2409875 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomerase, an enzyme related with cellular immortality, has been extensively studied in many kinds of malignant tumours for clinical diagnostic or prognostic utilities. Telomerase activity is mainly regulated by the expression of hTERT (human telomerase reverse transcriptase), which is a catalytic component of human telomerase. To evaluate whether the levels of hTERT mRNA provides a molecular marker of hepatoblastoma malignancy, we examined hTERT mRNA expression levels in the primary hepatoblastoma tissues by fluorescent RT–PCR using LightCycler technology and followed up the clinical outcomes in 63 patients listed in the Japanese Study Group of Pediatric Liver Tumor between 1991 and 2002. The hTERT mRNA expression was detected in 61 (96.8%) specimens and their expression levels ranged between 0.1/1000 and 745.1/1000 copies of PBGD gene that was used as an internal control. Among these cases, frozen 39 tumour samples and 14 adjacent noncancerous liver tissues were analysed for semiquantitative telomerase assay. In the 39 tumour samples, the levels of telomerase activity ranged between 0.11 and 2709 TPG and 12 (30.7%) had high telomerase activity (>100 TPG), whereas only nine of 14 noncancerous liver tissue samples showed telomerase activity which was less than 1.0 TPG. The levels of telomerase activity were significantly correlated with the levels of hTERT mRNA expression (P<0.001). The frequency of high hTERT mRNA expression and/or high telomerase activity did not significantly associate with the clinicopathological factors except for stage of disease. The prognosis of the patients with high hTERT mRNA expression was significantly worse than that of others (P<0.01), as was the patients with high telomerase activity (P<0.01). Multivariate analysis indicated that high levels of hTERT mRNA expression as well as telomerase activity are independent prognosis-predicting factors in patients with hepatoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hiyama
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Miura T, Takahashi M, Horie H, Kurushima H, Tsuchimoto D, Sakumi K, Nakabeppu Y. Galectin-1β, a natural monomeric form of galectin-1 lacking its six amino-terminal residues promotes axonal regeneration but not cell death. Cell Death Differ 2004; 11:1076-83. [PMID: 15181456 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously identified a novel N-terminally processed form of galectin-1, galectin-1beta (Gal-1beta) whose expression was induced by DeltaFosB. In the present study, the biochemical properties and biological functions of Gal-1beta were compared with the full-length form of galectin-1 (Gal-1alpha). We first purified recombinant mouse Gal-1alpha and beta (rmGal-1alpha, beta) to near homogeneity. The rmGal-1alpha exists as a monomer under oxidized conditions and forms a dimer under reduced conditions, while the rmGal-1beta exists as a monomer regardless of redox conditions. The affinity of rmGal-1beta to beta-lactose was approximately two-fold lower than that of rmGal-1alpha under reduced conditions. The viability of Jurkat cells efficiently decreased when they were exposed to rmGal-1alpha, however, rmGal-1beta barely induced such a reduction. In contrast, both rmGal-1alpha and rmGal-1beta exhibited an equivalent capacity to promote axonal regeneration from the dorsal root ganglion explants. Our results suggest that the biochemical properties of rmGal-1beta determine its biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Miura
- Division of Neurofunctional Genomics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Akazawa C, Nakamura Y, Sango K, Horie H, Kohsaka S. Distribution of the galectin-1 mRNA in the rat nervous system: its transient upregulation in rat facial motor neurons after facial nerve axotomy. Neuroscience 2004; 125:171-8. [PMID: 15051156 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2004] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-1 is a member of the animal lectin family that displays conserved consensus sequences and similar carbohydrate binding specificities. Recent analyses revealed that galectin-1 plays an important role in the process of nerve regeneration. We analyzed the topological expression of galectin-1 mRNA in adult rat nervous system. Galectin-1 mRNA was predominantly observed in the cell bodies of neurons such as oculomotor nucleus (III), trochlear nucleus (IV), trigeminal motor nucleus (V), abducens nucleus (VI), facial nucleus (VII), hypoglossal nucleus (XII), red nucleus, and locus ceruleus. Neurons in pineal gland and dorsal root ganglia expressed galectin-1 mRNA. We next tested whether the axotomy of facial nerve altered the expression of galectin-1 mRNA in motor neurons. In the adult rats, the axotomy of facial nerve induced transient upregulation of galectin-1 mRNA around 6 h after axotomy. These results indicate that galectin-1 may play roles in the early event of the nerve injury and regeneration through the transient change of its expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Akazawa
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Japan, Ogawahigashi 4-1-1, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.
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McGraw J, Oschipok LW, Liu J, Hiebert GW, Mak CFW, Horie H, Kadoya T, Steeves JD, Ramer MS, Tetzlaff W. Galectin-1 expression correlates with the regenerative potential of rubrospinal and spinal motoneurons. Neuroscience 2004; 128:713-9. [PMID: 15464279 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.06.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Axotomized spinal motoneurons are able to regenerate to their peripheral targets, whereas injured rubrospinal neurons that lie completely within the CNS fail to regenerate. The differing cell body reactions to axotomy of these two neuronal populations have been implicated in their disparate regenerative ability. Recently, the lectin galectin-1 has been shown to be involved in both spinal motoneurons and primary afferent regeneration. Using in situ hybridization, we compared the endogenous galectin-1 mRNA expression in spinal motoneurons and rubrospinal neurons after axotomy. We found that 7 and 14 days after axotomy, galectin-1 mRNA increased in spinal motoneurons but decreased in rubrospinal neurons. Infusion of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor into the vicinity of the injured rubrospinal nucleus, which we have previously shown to increase the regenerative capacity of rubrospinal neurons, significantly increased galectin-1 mRNA compared with uninjured control levels. Thus, the expression of galectin-1 in neurons correlates with the regenerative propensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J McGraw
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, 6270 University Boulevard, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
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18
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Tahara K, Tsuchimoto D, Tominaga Y, Asoh S, Ohta S, Kitagawa M, Horie H, Kadoya T, Nakabeppu Y. DeltaFosB, but not FosB, induces delayed apoptosis independent of cell proliferation in the Rat1a embryo cell line. Cell Death Differ 2003; 10:496-507. [PMID: 12728248 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The fates of Rat1a cells expressing FosB and DeltaFosB as fusion proteins (ER-FosB, ER-DeltaFosB) with the ligand binding domain of human estrogen receptor were examined. The binding of estrogen to the fusion proteins resulted in their nuclear translocation and triggered cell proliferation, and thereafter delayed cell death was observed only in cells expressing ER-DeltaFosB. The proliferation of Rat1a cells, but not cell death triggered by ER-DeltaFosB, was completely abolished by butyrolactone I, an inhibitor of cycline-dependent kinases, and was partly suppressed by antisense oligonucleotides against galectin-1, whose expression is induced after estrogen administration. The cell death was accompanied by the activation of caspase-3 and -9, the fragmentation of the nuclear genome and cytochrome c release from the mitochondria, and was suppressed by zDEVD-fmk and zLEHD-fmk but not zIETD-fmk. The cell death was not suppressed by exogenous His-PTD-Bcl-x(L) at all, suggesting involvement of a Bcl-x(L)-resistant pathway for cytochrome c release.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tahara
- Division of Neurofunctional Genomics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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19
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Horie H, Zeisig M, Hirayama K, Midtvedt T, Möller L, Rafter J. Probiotic mixture decreases DNA adduct formation in colonic epithelium induced by the food mutagen 2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole in a human-flora associated mouse model. Eur J Cancer Prev 2003; 12:101-7. [PMID: 12671533 DOI: 10.1097/00008469-200304000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of probiotic bacteria such as bifidobacteria has been shown to reduce the risk of colon cancer in animal models. However, the composition and metabolic activities of the intestinal flora of experimental animals are significantly different from those of humans. The aim of the study was to examine whether the probiotic mixture, which consisted of Streptococcus faecalis, Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus mesentericus, could decrease DNA adduct formation induced by 2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (2-amino-alpha-carboline; AAC) in the colonic epithelium of a human-flora-associated (HFA) mouse model. Ten HFA mice were divided into a control group (n=4) and a probiotic group (n=6). The control group was administered AAC for 3 days and sacrificed 24 h after the last dose. The probiotic group was administered the probiotic mixture for 2 weeks prior to the administration of AAC. Analysis of DNA adducts with the 32P-high-performance liquid chromatography method was performed on stomach, jejunum and colonic epithelium, representing direct exposure sites of AAC, and colon wall, liver and kidney, representing indirect exposure sites. The mean level of the DNA adducts in the colonic epithelium of the probiotic group was significantly lower than that of control group, while the mean levels at the other sites did not differ significantly between the groups. The results indicated that the probiotic mixture could decrease the DNA adduct formation in the colonic epithelium induced by AAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Horie
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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20
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Kiyomiya KI, Satoh J, Horie H, Kurebe M, Nakagawa H, Matsuo S. Correlation between nuclear action of anthracycline anticancer agents and their binding affinity to the proteasome. Int J Oncol 2002. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.21.5.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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21
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Doi Y, Abe S, Yamamoto H, Horie H, Ohyama H, Satoh K, Tano Y, Ota Y, Miyazawa M, Wakabayashi K, Hashizume S. Progress with inactivated poliovirus vaccines derived from the Sabin strains. Dev Biol (Basel) 2002; 105:163-9. [PMID: 11763324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
To produce a safe and effective inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), we have developed S-IPV using Vero cells infected with the Sabin strains in a semi-production scale. All production steps including virus culture on microcarrier beads were highly reproducible. Mean recovery percents of infectious viruses or D-antigens during all processes for concentration, purification and inactivation were 30-50% in the three types. The S-IPV potency was adjusted for D-antigen content as determined by in-house ELISA and was comparable to WHO reference IPV derived from the virulent strains in immunogenicity tests in rats. Antibody development in more than 30 seronegative infant volunteers after two shots of S-IPV at four-week interval were 100% without notable adverse reactions. The mean antibody titres (log2) to Sabin 1, 2 and 3 viruses were 11.1, 8.3 and 8.9, respectively. The antibodies neutralized the Mahoney, MEF-1, and Saukett virulent strains with slightly inferior titres to those of the Sabin strains. D-antigens for each type of S-IPV were stable at 4 degrees C without any significant decrease over more than two years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Doi
- Japan Poliomyelitis Research Institute, Tokyo
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22
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Matsumoto T, Horie H, Minai K, Yokohama H, Takashima H, Ohira N, Tsutui T, Takahashi M, Kinoshita M. Coronary vasomotor responses to bradykinin and acetylcholine in patients with coronary spastic angina. Jpn Circ J 2001; 65:1052-6. [PMID: 11767997 DOI: 10.1253/jcj.65.1052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear whether coronary endothelial function is linked to the pathogenesis of coronary spastic angina (CSA), so the present study examined the coronary vasomotor responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and bradykinin (BK) in 23 patients with CSA, 26 patients with CSA+coronary artery disease (CAD), and 21 control patients. Acetylcholine induced vasospasm of the left coronary artery in all of the patients with CSA, but not in any of the control patients. The changes in dilatation of the left coronary artery in response to bradykinin at doses of 0.2, 0.6 and 2.0 microg/min in the CSA group were significantly greater than those in the other 2 groups. The ratio of epicardial coronary vasodilations induced by BK to those induced by nitroglycerin did not differ among any of the groups. Bradykinin caused a similar increase in coronary blood flow in the control group and CSA group, but had less of an effect in the CSA+CAD group. In conclusion, the vasorelaxing effect of BK was preserved not only in epicardial spasm coronary arteries induced by ACh, but also in resistance coronary arteries distal to the spasm arteries in patients with CSA. The coronary vasodilation response induced by BK may not deteriorate until coronary atherosclerosis advances in patients with CSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Matsumoto
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
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23
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Hirono M, Sugiyama T, Kishimoto Y, Sakai I, Miyazawa T, Kishio M, Inoue H, Nakao K, Ikeda M, Kawahara S, Kirino Y, Katsuki M, Horie H, Ishikawa Y, Yoshioka T. Phospholipase Cbeta4 and protein kinase Calpha and/or protein kinase CbetaI are involved in the induction of long term depression in cerebellar Purkinje cells. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:45236-42. [PMID: 11551922 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m105413200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the type-1 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1) signaling pathway in the cerebellum involves activation of phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase C (PKC) for the induction of cerebellar long term depression (LTD). The PLC and PKC isoforms that are involved in LTD remain unclear, however. One previous study found no change in LTD in PKCgamma-deficient mice, thus, in the present study, we examined cerebellar LTD in PLCbeta4-deficient mice. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses of cerebellum from wild-type mice revealed that PLCbeta1 was expressed weakly and uniformly, PLCbeta2 was not detected, PLCbeta3 was expressed predominantly in caudal cerebellum (lobes 7-10), and PLCbeta4 was expressed uniformly throughout. In PLCbeta4-deficient mice, expression of total PLCbeta, the mGluR1-mediated Ca(2+) response, and LTD induction were greatly reduced in rostral cerebellum (lobes 1-6). Furthermore, we used immunohistochemistry to localize PKCalpha, -betaI, -betaII, and -gamma in mouse cerebellar Purkinje cells during LTD induction. Both PKCalpha and PKCbetaI were found to be translocated to the plasmamembrane under these conditions. Taken together, these results suggest that mGluR1-mediated activation of PLCbeta4 in rostral cerebellar Purkinje cells induced LTD via PKCalpha and/or PKCbetaI.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hirono
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Hayashi M, Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Maeda K, Mabuchi N, Tsutsui T, Matsui T, Fujii M, Matsumoto T, Yamamoto T, Horie H, Ohnishi M, Kinoshita M. Relationship between transcardiac extraction of aldosterone and left ventricular remodeling in patients with first acute myocardial infarction: extracting aldosterone through the heart promotes ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 38:1375-82. [PMID: 11691511 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01539-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether plasma aldosterone (ALD) is extracted or produced through the heart in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to determine the relationship between transcardiac extraction of plasma ALD and left ventricular (LV) remodeling. BACKGROUND Although we demonstrated that circulating ALD was extracted through the failing heart and that transcardiac extraction of ALD correlated with LV end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) in patients with congestive heart failure, the existence and increase of ALD synthase in the hearts of infarct rats were reported, suggesting cardiac production of ALD in patients with AMI. METHODS We measured plasma ALD in the aortic root (Ao) and coronary sinus (CS) in 57 consecutive patients who received successful revascularization and enalapril, with first AMI at acute phase and after one month. We also measured plasma procollagen type III aminoterminal peptide (PIIINP) in the CS. RESULTS Plasma ALD was significantly lower in the CS than it was in the Ao at the acute phase (84.7 +/- 6.3 pg/ml vs. 105.5 +/- 8.0 pg/ml, p < 0.0001). Significant positive correlations exist between the transcardiac gradient of ALD at the acute phase and the LVEDVI at one month. Moreover, the transcardiac gradient of plasma ALD at the acute phase has a significant correlation with plasma PIIINP, a biochemical marker of fibrosis, after one month. Stepwise multivariate analysis showed that transcardiac extraction of plasma ALD at the acute phase had an independent and significant positive relationship with a large LVEDVI after one month. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that plasma ALD is extracted through the heart in patients with AMI at the acute phase and that the extracted ALD plays an important role in modulating post-infarct LV remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hayashi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa, Otsu, Japan
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25
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Abstract
We describe a 4-year-old boy with Cornelia de Lange syndrome who died of septic shock caused by Moraxella catarrhalis bacteremia. At autopsy there was evidence of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis with abscesses. Gram-negative diplococci were seen histologically in the abscesses and pancreatic ducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ohkusu
- Division of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba-city, Japan.
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26
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Chaisri U, Nagata M, Kurazono H, Horie H, Tongtawe P, Hayashi H, Watanabe T, Tapchaisri P, Chongsa-nguan M, Chaicumpa W. Localization of Shiga toxins of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli in kidneys of paediatric and geriatric patients with fatal haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Microb Pathog 2001; 31:59-67. [PMID: 11453701 DOI: 10.1006/mpat.2001.0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) is characterized by haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and renal failure. Infection with enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), mainly O157:H7, has been strongly implicated as the major cause of HUS in children. The pathogenesis of HUS caused by the infection is not well understood and the defined sites of Stx in kidney of EHEC-infected humans has not been clearly demonstrated. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the locations of Stx deposition in kidneys of paediatric and geriatric patients who died from enterohaemorrhagic E. coli O157 (EHEC) associated HUS, using an immunoperoxidase staining of the tissues. The study revealed that binding of Stx was relatively less and limited only to the renal tubules of an adult case (81 years old), while more binding was found at both renal tubules and glomeruli of an infant case (21 months old). The Stx binding in the infant's glomeruli was at podocytes, mesangial and endothelial cells. It has been known that young children are more susceptible than adults to HUS. One possibility for this is that the more extensive binding of the Stx to the kidney tissue of the paediatric patient might be due to the higher synthesis and expression of Stx receptors, i.e. Gb(3), in infants and less so in the aged individuals. However, other alternatives are possible, for example, the difference in stage of HUS in individual patients. Thus it is too early to draw any conclusion on this enigma and further investigation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Chaisri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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27
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Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Matsumoto T, Maeda K, Mabuchi N, Hayashi M, Tsutsui T, Ohnishi M, Sawaki M, Fujii M, Matsumoto T, Yamamoto T, Horie H, Sugimoto Y, Kinoshita M. Relationship between tumor necrosis factor-alpha production and oxidative stress in the failing hearts of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 37:2086-92. [PMID: 11419892 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01299-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated oxidative stress in the failing ventricle in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). BACKGROUND Oxidative stress appears to increase in the failing myocardium and may contribute to ventricular dysfunction in patients with DCM. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), which is expressed in the failing heart, may stimulate oxidative stress. METHODS We measured plasma oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using specific antibodies against oxLDL in the aortic root (AO) and the coronary sinus (CS) in control subjects (n = 8) and in 22 patients with DCM and mild congestive heart failure. We also measured the plasma levels of TNF-alpha and angiotensin II. RESULTS There was no difference in oxLDL between the AO and CS in control subjects. In contrast, plasma oxLDL was significantly higher in the CS than the AO in patients with DCM, suggesting that the transcardiac gradient ofoxLDL reflects oxidative stress in the failing heart in these patients. Plasma TNF-alpha levels were significantly higher in the CS than the AO with a significant positive correlation of the transcardiac gradient of TNF-alpha and the transcardiac gradient of oxLDL. Moreover, a significant negative correlation existed between the transcardiac gradient of oxLDL and left ventricular ejection fraction. The transcardiac gradient of plasma oxLDL was significantly lower in 6 patients who received carvedilol than in 16 patients who did not receive carvedilol. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the transcardiac gradient of oxLDL may be a marker of oxidative stress in the heart and that left ventricular dysfunction may be partly due to the oxidative stress in patients with DCM. In addition, TNF-alpha may stimulate oxidative stress in the failing heart in patients with DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tsutamoto
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
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28
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Hayashi M, Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Maeda K, Mabuchi N, Tsutsui T, Horie H, Ohnishi M, Kinoshita M. Intravenous atrial natriuretic peptide prevents left ventricular remodeling in patients with first anterior acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 37:1820-6. [PMID: 11401117 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01233-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study evaluates the effect of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) compared with nitroglycerin (GTN) on left ventricular (LV) remodeling after first anterior acute myocardial infarction (AMI). BACKGROUND Compared with GTN, ANP suppresses the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and endothelin-1 (ET-1), which stimulate LV remodeling. METHODS Sixty patients with a first anterior AMI were randomly divided into the ANP (n = 30) or GTN (n = 30) groups after direct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. We evaluated LV ejection fraction (LVEF), end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) and end-systolic volume index (LVESVI) at the acute phase and after one month. We also measured neurohumoral factors during study drug infusion. RESULTS There was no difference in the baseline characteristics or LVEF (46.9+/-1.0 vs. 46.8+/-1.3%) between the two groups. Although there was no difference in hemodynamics during the infusion periods, the LVEF was significantly improved after one month compared with the baseline value in both groups, but it was improved more in the ANP group than in the GTN group (54.6+/-1.1%, 50.8+/-1.3%, p < 0.05). Left ventricular enlargement was prevented in the ANP group (LVEDVI, 85.8+/-3.1 ml/m2 to 87.3+/-2.7 ml/m2; p = ns, LVESVI, 45.6+/-1.8 ml/m2 to 41.0+/-2.1 ml/m2, p < 0.05) but not in the GTN group (LVEDVI, 86.2+/-4.1 to 100.2+/-3.7, p < 0.01; LVESVI, 46.3+/-2.8 ml/m2 to 51.1+/-3.0 ml/m2, p = ns). During the infusion, ANP suppressed plasma levels of aldosterone, angiotensin II and ET-1 compared with GTN. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that in patients with a first anterior AMI, an ANP infusion can prevent LV remodeling better than can GTN, and effectively suppresses aldosterone, angiotensin II and ET-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hayashi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Otsu, Japan
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29
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Minai K, Matsumoto T, Horie H, Ohira N, Takashima H, Yokohama H, Kinoshita M. Bradykinin stimulates the release of tissue plasminogen activator in human coronary circulation: effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 37:1565-70. [PMID: 11345366 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to determine: 1) whether bradykinin (BK) directly stimulates tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) secretion in human coronary circulation, and 2) whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition favorably alters the fibrinolytic balance regulated by BK. BACKGROUND Bradykinin is a potent stimulator of tPA secretion in endothelial cells; however, the effect of BK on tPA release in the human coronary circulation has not been studied. METHODS Fifty-six patients with atypical chest pain were randomly assigned to two groups: 25 patients were treated with the ACE inhibitor enalapril (ACE inhibitor group), and 31 were not treated with ACE inhibitors (non-ACE inhibitor group). Graded doses of BK (0.2, 0.6, 2.0 microg/min), acetylcholine (ACh) (30 microg/min) and papaverine (PA) (12 mg) were administered into the left coronary artery. Coronary blood flow (CBF) was evaluated by Doppler flow velocity measurement. Blood samples were taken from the aorta (Ao) and the coronary sinus (CS). RESULTS Bradykinin induced similar increases in CBF in both groups. The net tPA release induced by BK was dose-dependently increased in both groups, and the extent of that increase in the ACE inhibitor group was greater than that in the non-ACE inhibitor group. Bradykinin did not alter plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels in the Ao or CS in either group. Neither ACh nor PA altered tPA levels or PAI-1 levels in either group. CONCLUSIONS Intracoronary infusion of BK stimulates tPA release without causing any change in PAI-1 levels in the human coronary circulation. In addition, this effect of BK is augmented by an ACE inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Minai
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa, Otsu, Japan
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Shuto T, Horie H, Hikawa N, Sango K, Tokashiki A, Murata H, Yamamoto I, Ishikawa Y. IL-6 up-regulates CNTF mRNA expression and enhances neurite regeneration. Neuroreport 2001; 12:1081-5. [PMID: 11303750 DOI: 10.1097/00001756-200104170-00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a neurotrophic cytokine, however, its direct effect on nerve regeneration has not been well characterized. We therefore examined the effect of IL-6 on neurite regeneration using the rat dorsal root ganglion. IL-6 significantly enhanced neurite regeneration from transected nerve terminals. We also examined the mRNA expression of IL-6 family cytokines and their receptors during the regeneration. The mRNA expressions of IL-6, IL-6 receptor, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) receptor alpha, and LIF receptor beta showed no significant differences by the addition of IL-6. In contrast, IL-6 enhanced the mRNA expression of gp130 and CNTF. In addition, CNTF significantly increased neurite regeneration when added exogenously. Our data suggest that IL-6 enhanced regeneration via up-regulating CNTF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shuto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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31
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Takayasu H, Horie H, Hiyama E, Matsunaga T, Hayashi Y, Watanabe Y, Suita S, Kaneko M, Sasaki F, Hashizume K, Ozaki T, Furuuchi K, Tada M, Ohnuma N, Nakagawara A. Frequent deletions and mutations of the beta-catenin gene are associated with overexpression of cyclin D1 and fibronectin and poorly differentiated histology in childhood hepatoblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2001; 7:901-8. [PMID: 11309340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma (HBL) is the most common malignant liver tumor in young children. Recent reports have shown that the beta-catenin gene was frequently mutated or deleted in HBLS: To elucidate the role of beta-catenin abnormalities in HBLs, we searched for mutations of beta-catenin and APC as well as expression of the target genes, cyclin D1, c-myc, and fibronectin, in 68 primary HBLS: The mutation analysis revealed that 44 (65%) tumors carried missense mutations or deletions of beta-catenin, all of which were somatic and targeted to the exon 3 encoding the amino acid residues involved in its degradation. However, no loss of function mutation of the APC gene was detected by the yeast functional assay. Of interest, beta-catenin mutation was significantly correlated with overexpression of the target genes, cyclin D1 and fibronectin, but not with that of c-myc in HBLs as measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR. The immunohistochemical studies in 15 HBLs demonstrated that the nuclear/cytoplasmic accumulation of beta-catenin was positive in 13 tumors, 9 of which had the deletion or mutation of the gene. The significant correlation between the beta-catenin gene abnormality and the positive staining of cyclin D1 was also confirmed. Furthermore, the nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin was strongly associated with the poorly differentiated tumor cell components as well as with the positive staining of cyclin D1 within the tumor. Thus, our present results suggested that the gain of function mutation of beta-catenin played a crucial role in the malignant progression of HBL in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takayasu
- Division of Biochemistry, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
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Kato T, Kurita K, Seino T, Kadoya T, Horie H, Wada M, Kawanami T, Daimon M, Hirano A. Galectin-1 is a component of neurofilamentous lesions in sporadic and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 282:166-72. [PMID: 11263987 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), abnormal accumulation of neurofilaments induces pathological changes such as axonal spheroids, cord-like neurite swellings, and perikaryal conglomerate inclusions in degenerating motor neurons of the spinal cord, and the accumulation seems to cause motor neuron degeneration in this disease. Such ALS lesions were intensely labeled with HepSS-1, a monoclonal antibody to heparan sulfate. Since the identification of HepSS-1-immunoreactive substance seems to be an important step for understanding the molecular pathology of ALS, we purified the substance from human spinal cord tissue to homogeneity. Amino acid sequence of the protein was consistent with that of galectin-1. Immunohistochemistry using antibodies against recombinant human galectin-1 showed that galectin-1 was accumulated in these lesions in ALS. Although HepSS-1 was believed to be specific for heparan sulfate, it reacted with recombinant human galectin-1 which has no heparan sulfate moiety. The results show that galectin-1 is a component of the neurofilamentous lesions in ALS. Since galectin-1 has axonal regeneration-enhancing activity, the abnormal accumulation of galectin-1 to the lesions seems to be related to the pathological process of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kato
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
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Horie H, Matsumoto T, Takahashi M, Nakazawa Y, Yokohama H, Minai K, Kinoshita M. Angiographically documented coronary steal phenomenon evoked by the intracoronary infusion of bradykinin. Jpn Circ J 2001; 65:123-5. [PMID: 11216821 DOI: 10.1253/jcj.65.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
While studying flow-dependent coronary dilation using a Doppler flow velocity guidewire, total occlusion of a stenosed segment of the left circumflex artery during the intracoronary infusion of bradykinin was angiographically documented. Total occlusion was not demonstrated during intracoronary infusion of bradykinin after angioplasty. This is angiographic confirmation of the coronary steal phenomenon that has been previously described in the field of stress scintigraphy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Horie
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
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Horie H, Miyazawa M, Ota Y, Wakabayashi K, Yoshida H, Doi Y, Hashizume S. Analysis of the accumulation of mutants in Sabin attenuated polio vaccine viruses passaged in Vero cells. Vaccine 2001; 19:1456-9. [PMID: 11163668 DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(00)00350-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
To confirm the safety of oral poliomyelitis vaccine (OPV) cultured in Vero cells, the genetic stability of cultured polio vaccine viruses was analysed by MAPREC (mutant analysis by PCR and restriction enzyme cleavage). The rates of mutant accumulation of the viruses passaged in Vero cells under a low multiplicity of infection (MOI) condition (approximately 10(-3.5)CCID50/cell; the same as under usual OPV production conditions) were higher than those passaged in secondary cultured monkey kidney cells. However, the rates of mutant accumulation were restrained when the viruses were cultured under a high MOI condition (approximately 10(-1.5)CCID50/cell) in Vero cells. Furthermore, neurovirulence of the passaged viruses in pollovirus susceptible transgenic mice PVR-Tg21 was shown to correlate highly with the results of MAPREC. It is expected that our results will contribute to the large scale preparation of safe and effective OPV using Vero cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Horie
- Japan Poliomyelitis Research Institute, Kumegawa-cho 5-34-4, Tokyo 189-0003, Higashimurayama, Japan
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Horie H, Tsutamoto T, Minai K, Hayashi M, Kito O, Kinoshita M. Brain natriuretic peptide predicts chronic atrial fibrillation after ventricular pacing in patients with sick sinus syndrome. Jpn Circ J 2000; 64:965-70. [PMID: 11194292 DOI: 10.1253/jcj.64.965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the main complications of sick sinus syndrome (SSS). As previously reported, plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), reflects hemodynamic changes in different pacing modes, as does plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), so the present study investigated whether plasma BNP or ANP can predict chronic AF after single-chamber ventricular (VVI) pacemaker implantation in patients with SSS. Plasma ANP and BNP levels were measured before and 1-3 months after implantation in 99 SSS patients. Long-term follow-up was conducted with chronic AF as an endpoint. Chronic AF occurred in 19 patients during a mean follow-up of 5.1 years. Plasma ANP and BNP were significantly higher in the patients who developed chronic AF after implantation than in those who did not, despite similar ANP and BNP levels between the 2 groups before implantation. Post-implant high BNP and a history of paroxysmal AF were independent predictors of chronic AF by a multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis. Plasma BNP can predict the development of chronic AF after VVI pacemaker implantation in patients with SSS because increased levels may reflect latent hemodynamic abnormalities, which may contribute to the development of AF after VVI pacemaker implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Horie
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
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Matsuura K, Ishikura M, Yoshida H, Nakayama T, Hasegawa S, Ando S, Horie H, Miyamura T, Kitamura T. Assessment of poliovirus eradication in Japan: genomic analysis of polioviruses isolated from river water and sewage in toyama prefecture. Appl Environ Microbiol 2000; 66:5087-91. [PMID: 11055968 PMCID: PMC92424 DOI: 10.1128/aem.66.11.5087-5091.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Seventy-eight poliovirus strains isolated from river water and sewage in Toyama Prefecture, Japan, during 1993 to 1995 were characterized by the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method and by partially sequencing the VP3 and VP1 regions of the viral genome. Of these isolates, 36 were identified as Sabin vaccine strains, and 42 were identified as vaccine variant strains that had less than 1.4% nucleotide divergence from the Sabin strains, including 7 isolates with patterns different from those of Sabin strains as determined by PCR-RFLP analysis. These findings suggest that wild-type poliovirus was not circulating in Toyama Prefecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Matsuura
- Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama 939-0363, Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A nucleotide change from U to C at position 472 in the 5' non-coding region of the type 3 poliovirus is associated with increased neurovirulence. Moreover, the proportion of type 3 polioviruses containing this mutation (472-C revertants) correlates with the neurovirulence of a particular sample. We used mutant analysis by PCR and restriction-enzyme cleavage (MAPREC) to estimate the neurovirulence of environmental samples obtained from Toyama prefecture, Japan. METHODS Sewage and river water were collected between October, 1993, and September, 1995, and concentrated samples were inoculated into three different cell types. Isolated type 3 viruses were analysed to determine whether they were derived from the live oral poliovirus vaccine strain; they were then tested for neurovirulence by MAPREC. RESULTS 29 type 3 strains were isolated--all of which were vaccine-derived. 16 (55%) comprised between 2% and 91% 472-C revertants by MAPREC and were expected to have high neurovirulence. The remaining strains included less than 0.25% revertants, and were regarded as attenuated viruses. Both types were isolated about 3 months after routine oral poliovirus vaccine administrations in May and October. Three strains isolated from river water were of the virulent type. INTERPRETATION Our results emphasise that there is an environmental risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis as long as live oral poliovirus vaccine is not replaced by inactivated polio vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshida
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
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Horie H, Kadoya T, Inagaki Y, Sohma Y. [Oxidized galectin-1 is a new type factor to promote nerve regeneration]. Seikagaku 2000; 72:1245-9. [PMID: 11215145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Horie
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004
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Abstract
Various neurotrophic factors that promote axonal regeneration have been investigated in vivo, but the signals that prompt the axons to send out processes in peripheral nerves after axotomy are not well understood. We have shown using two specific strategies that galectin-1 can play an important role in this initial stage. One used an in vitro nerve regeneration model that allowed us to monitor the initial axon and support cell outgrowth from the proximal nerve stump comparable to the initial stages of nerve repair. The other strategy was to clarify the axonal regeneration-promoting factor from kidney-derived cells. Using these strategies, we discovered that oxidized galectin-1 from the cell (COS1 cell) conditioned media acts as an axonal regeneration-promoting factor without the lectin activity. Oxidized recombinant human galectin-1 (rhGAL-1/Ox) showed the same activity at low concentrations (pg/ml range). A similarly low concentration also effectively promoted axonal regeneration in both transection and crush experiments in vivo. Moreover, the application of functional anti-galectin-1 antibody strongly inhibited the regeneration in vivo. Since galectin-1was shown to be secreted and localized in the regenerating sciatic nerve, this suggests that secreted galectin-1 may be oxidized and change its molecular structure to regulate initial repair after axotomy as a kind of cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Horie
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokahama 236-0004, Japan.
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Sango K, Horie H, Inoue S. Biophysical and biochemical features of diabetic neurons in culture: what have we learned about diabetic neuropathy? J Peripher Nerv Syst 2000; 2:203-11. [PMID: 10975726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Sango
- Division of Geriatric Health and Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
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Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Maeda K, Mabuchi N, Hayashi M, Tsutsui T, Ohnishi M, Sawaki M, Fujii M, Matsumoto T, Horie H, Sugimoto Y, Kinoshita M. Spironolactone inhibits the transcardiac extraction of aldosterone in patients with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 36:838-44. [PMID: 10987608 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(00)00796-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study evaluated the transcardiac extraction or spillover of aldosterone (ALDO) in normal subjects and in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). BACKGROUND Aldosterone promotes collagen synthesis and structural remodeling of target organs such as the heart. Spironolactone, an ALDO receptor antagonist, has recently been reported to reduce the mortality of patients with CHF; however, the effects of spironolactone on the transcardiac gradient of ALDO have not been clarified. METHODS We measured plasma ALDO in the aortic root (AO) and coronary sinus (CS) in normal subjects and 113 consecutive CHF patients and also measured plasma procollagen type III aminoterminal peptide (PIIINP) in CS, a biochemical marker of myocardial fibrosis. RESULTS Plasma ALDO was significantly lower in the CS than in the AO in normal subjects (n = 15; 61.2 +/- 9.3 vs. 83.1 +/- 11.8 pg/ml, p < 0.0001). In 96 CHF patients who did not receive spironolactone, plasma ALDO was significantly lower in the CS than in the AO (59.3 +/- 3.9 vs. 73.8 +/- 4.9 pg/ml, p < 0.0001). In contrast to the difference in these 96 patients, there was no significant difference in ALDO between the AO and CS in 17 patients who received spironolactone (127.4 +/- 20 vs. 124.0 +/- 19 pg/ml, p = 0.50). Stepwise multivariate analyses showed that spironolactone therapy had an independent and significant negative relationship with the transcardiac gradient of plasma ALDO in patients with CHF. In addition, significant positive correlations were seen between the transcardiac gradient of plasma ALDO and PIIINP (r = 0.565, p < 0.0001) and the left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (r = 0.484, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that plasma ALDO is extracted through the heart in normal subjects and in CHF patients who do not receive spironolactone and that spironolactone inhibits the transcardiac extraction of ALDO in CHF patients, suggesting that spironolactone blocks the effects of ALDO on the failing heart in patients with CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tsutamoto
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Otsu, Japan.
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Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Maeda K, Mabuchi N, Hayashi M, Tsutsui T, Ohnishi M, Sawaki M, Fujii M, Matsumoto T, Horie H, Sugimoto Y, Kinoshita M. Transcardiac extraction of circulating endothelin-1 across the failing heart. Am J Cardiol 2000; 86:524-8. [PMID: 11009270 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(00)01006-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To determine the transcardiac gradient of plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), we measured plasma levels of ET-1 in both the aortic root and the coronary sinus in 14 normal subjects and 79 consecutive patients with CHF. In normal subjects, plasma ET-1 was significantly higher in the coronary sinus than in the aortic root; these findings were also shown in patients with mild CHF, suggesting that there was ET-1 spillover across the heart. In contrast, plasma ET-1 was significantly lower in the coronary sinus than in the aortic root in patients with severe CHF, suggesting there was ET-1 extraction across the heart in patients with severe CHF. The transcardiac gradient of plasma ET-1 was correlated with the left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (r = 0.501, p <0.0001) and plasma level of procollagen type III amino terminal peptide in the coronary sinus (r = 0.54, p = 0.0008), a marker of myocardial fibrosis. Stepwise multivariate analysis showed that the transcardiac gradient of plasma ET-1 was an independent and significant relation with the left ventricular end-diastolic volume index in patients with CHF (r = 0.665, p <0.0001). These findings suggest that elevated circulating ET-1 is extracted across the failing heart with a significant correlation between the transcardiac gradient of plasma ET-1 and the left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, suggesting that ET receptors are upregulated in the failing ventricle and that the elevated circulating ET-1 might stimulate the process of left ventricular remodeling in patients with severe CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tsutamoto
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Otsu, Japan.
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Shigekiyo T, Kanazuka M, Aihara K, Azuma H, Ohshima Y, Horie H, Nakahira H, Takeichi T, Matsumoto T. No increased risk of thrombosis in heterozygous congenital dysplasminogenemia. Int J Hematol 2000; 72:247-52. [PMID: 11039677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
To assess the risk of thrombosis in congenital dysplasminogenemia, we studied 10 unrelated families with this disorder. The probands were excluded from the analysis of data to prevent bias in the selection of subjects. Positive thrombotic histories were found in 1 of the 25 family members determined to have heterozygous congenital dysplasminogenemia and in 2 of their 41 biochemically unaffected relatives. The percentages of family members with no history of thrombosis up to a given age among subjects with and without congenital dysplasminogenemia were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. No significant difference between the 2 groups was observed by generalized Wilcoxon test (P = .32) or Cox-Mantel test (P = .62). These findings suggest that heterozygous congenital dysplasminogenemia is not associated with an increased risk of thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shigekiyo
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Tokushima, Japan.
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Abstract
Tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world. The number of reports on the analysis of tea components, especially for catechins, has recently been increasing. We review the recent reports on the analysis of tea components using the analytical methods of high-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance capillary electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Horie
- National Research Institute of Vegetables, Ornamental Plants and Tea, Kanaya, Shizuoka, Japan.
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Nakae I, Matsumoto T, Horie H, Yokohama H, Omura T, Minai K, Matsui T, Nozawa M, Takahashi M, Sugimoto Y, Ito M, Izumi M, Nakamura Y, Mitsunami K, Kinoshita M. Effects of intravenous nicorandil on coronary circulation in humans: plasma concentration and action mechanism. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2000; 35:919-25. [PMID: 10836727 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-200006000-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the cardiovascular profile of nicorandil, an antianginal agent, in humans. Pharmacologically, nicorandil acts as both an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive K+ (K(ATP)) channel opener and a nitrate. We examined which of these mechanistic components has a predominant vasodilatory effect at clinical doses. Fourteen patients underwent cardiac catheterization. The effects of the continuous intravenous infusion of nicorandil (12 mg/45 min) were examined in angiographically normal coronary arteries. Coronary vascular resistance was calculated from coronary artery diameter and coronary blood flow velocity measured using an intravascular Doppler catheter. We compared the hemodynamic responses to nicorandil with those to the intracoronary injection of nitroglycerin (250 microg) and papaverine (12 mg). The epicardial coronary arteries responded to nicorandil at the lowest plasma concentration examined (dilation of +14.0 +/- 3.3% at approximately 170 ng/ml), whereas dilation of the coronary resistance arteries (i.e., a decrease in coronary vascular resistance) took place only at higher concentrations (>200 ng/ml). Nitroglycerin caused no further changes in coronary artery diameter or coronary vascular resistance. Papaverine caused no further increase in coronary artery diameter, but markedly decreased coronary vascular resistance (1.6 +/- 0.3 to 0.4 +/- 0.1 mm Hg/ml/min; p < 0.05). Nicorandil significantly decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (i.e., reduced cardiac preload) at a plasma level of >200 ng/ml, but did not change either systemic or pulmonary vascular resistance. Thus nicorandil preferentially dilated epicardial coronary arteries rather than coronary resistance arteries, and had a stronger effect on preload than on afterload. These changes in human coronary hemodynamics suggest that the nitrate actions of nicorandil as a coronary vasodilator predominate over those as a K(ATP) opener.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Nakae
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Otsu, Japan
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Inagaki Y, Sohma Y, Horie H, Nozawa R, Kadoya T. Oxidized galectin-1 promotes axonal regeneration in peripheral nerves but does not possess lectin properties. Eur J Biochem 2000; 267:2955-64. [PMID: 10806394 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2000.01311.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-1 has recently been identified as a factor that regulates initial axonal growth in peripheral nerves after axotomy. Although galectin-1 is a well-known beta-galactoside-binding lectin, its potential to promote axonal regeneration as a lectin has not been reported. It is essential that the process of initial repair in peripheral nerves after axotomy is well clarified. We therefore undertook to investigate the relation between the structure and axonal regeneration-promoting activity of galectin-1. Recombinant human galectin-1 secreted into the culture supernatant of transfected COS1 cells (rhGAL-1/COS1) was purified under nonreducing conditions and subjected to structural analysis. Mass spectrometric analysis of peptide fragments from rhGAL-1/COS1 revealed that the secreted protein exists as an oxidized form containing three intramolecular disulfide bonds (Cys2-Cys130, Cys16-Cys88 and Cys42-Cys60). Recombinant human galectin-1 (rhGAL-1) and a galectin-1 mutant in which all six cysteine residues were replaced by serine (CSGAL-1) were expressed in and purified from Escherichia coli for further analysis; the purified rhGAL-1 was subjected to oxidation, which induced the same pattern of disulfide linkages as that observed in rhGAL-1/COS1. Oxidized rhGAL-1 enhanced axonal regeneration from the transected nerve sites of adult rat dorsal root ganglion explants with associated nerve stumps (5.0-5000 pg. mL-1), but it lacked lectin activity. In contrast, CSGAL-1 induced hemagglutination of rabbit erythrocytes but lacked axonal regeneration-promoting activity. These results indicate that galectin-1 promotes axonal regeneration only in the oxidized form containing three intramolecular disulfide bonds, not in the reduced form which exhibits lectin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Inagaki
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, Kirin Brewery Co. Ltd, Takasaki, Japan.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is the most studied cytokine in the failing human heart and in experimental murine myocarditis. We have investigated the expression of TNF-alpha in the myocardium in human myocarditis. METHODS We examined endomyocardial biopsy (n = 4) and autopsy (n = 5) tissues obtained from nine patients diagnosed with myocarditis by the Dallas criteria. Expression of TNF-alpha in the hearts was immunohistochemically studied using monoclonal antibodies against human TNF-alpha. RESULTS Tumor necrosis factor-alpha protein was expressed in the myocardium of six of the nine patients studied. Four of five fatal patients showed intense immunoreactivity for TNF-alpha compared with survivors. Furthermore, left ventricular systolic function was reduced in patients with TNF-alpha-positive hearts. CONCLUSIONS These findings may support the suggestion that TNF-alpha plays an important role in cardiac dysfunction and myocytic damage in fatal human myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jibiki
- Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University School of Medicine, Japan.
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Horie H. Oxidized galectin-1 regulates macrophages to promote axonal regeneration in peripheral nerves. Neurosci Res 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-0102(00)81677-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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50
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Horie H. Novel neurotrophic factors to promote axonal regeneration in central nervous tissues. Neurosci Res 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-0102(00)80940-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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