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Huang PY, Hsu BG, Wang CH, Tsai JP. The Prognostic Role of Serum β-Trace Protein Levels among Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:974. [PMID: 38786272 PMCID: PMC11119092 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14100974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are the most commonly encountered etiology of mortality in patients having kidney failure. β-Trace protein (BTP) is a biomarker of glomerular filtration function as well as a potential predictor of adverse CV outcomes. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of BTP in patients on chronic hemodialysis (HD). A total of 96 patients undergoing HD were enrolled. Baseline variables were collected, and the patients were tracked for 3 years. Twenty-five patients died at 3 years. Those who experienced mortality were noted to have higher serum concentrations of BTP and a higher incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for serum BTP distinguishing mortality from survival was 0.659 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.555-0.752; p = 0.027). After the adjustment of variables potentially affecting survival rates, BTP levels above the median (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 2.913, 95% CI, 1.256-6.754; p = 0.013), the presence of DM (aHR: 2.474, 95% CI, 1.041-5.875; p = 0.040), and low serum albumin (aHR: 0.298, 95% CI, 0.110-0.806; p = 0.017) independently correlated with survival in HD patients. Serum BTP is a novel biomarker for predicting overall outcomes in HD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yu Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi 62247, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Gee Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (B.-G.H.); (C.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (B.-G.H.); (C.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Pi Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi 62247, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
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2
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Diagnostic biomarkers of dilated cardiomyopathy. Immunobiology 2021; 226:152153. [PMID: 34784575 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a condition involving dilation of cardiac chambers, which results in contraction impairment. Besides invasive and non-invasive diagnostic procedures, cardiac biomarkers are of great importance in both diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. These biomarkers are categorized into three groups based on their site; cardiomyocyte biomarkers, microenvironmental biomarkers and macroenvironmental biomarkers. AIMS In this review, an overview of characteristics, epidemiology, etiology and clinical manifestations of DCM is provided. In addition, the most important biomarkers, of all three categories, and their diagnostic and prognostic values are discussed. CONCLUSION Considering the association of DCM with conditions such as infections and autoimmunity, which are prevalent among the population, introducing efficient diagnostic tools is of high value for the early detection of DCM to prevent its severe complications. The three discussed classes of biomarkers are potential candidates for the detection of DCM. However, further studies are necessary in this regard.
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3
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Sert ET, Akilli N, Köylü R, Cander B, Kokulu K, Köylü Ö. The Effect of Beta-Trace Protein on Diagnosis and Prognosis in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Cureus 2020; 12:e7135. [PMID: 32257680 PMCID: PMC7105264 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.7135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of beta-trace protein (BTP) levels at the time of admission and at 8th hour on diagnosis and prognosis in patients who were under treatment and follow-up with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) diagnosis at coronary intensive care unit and emergency department. Materials and Methods This study was conducted between June 2014 and December 2014 at the Emergency Department of Konya Training and Research Hospital. Demographic characteristics, background, vital findings, laboratory findings, blood BTP levels, coronary angiography results, and echocardiography findings of the patients diagnosed with ACS were recorded. Risk classification was performed for patients with ACS and their mortality rates were recorded. Relation of BTP level with risk classification and mortality was evaluated. Results A total of 174 individuals, 138 patients and 36 control subjects, were included in the study. No significant difference was detected between BTP levels at the time of admission and at 8th hour in the patient group (p=0.883). There was no difference between the patient and control groups in terms of the BTP level (p=0.335). Ten patients (7.2%) died in the patient group. BTP levels measured at the time of admission and at 8th hour were not different for dead and living patients (admission p=0.085, 8th hour p=0.141). Conclusion We determined that there was a lack of biochemical markers that could be used for the prognosis of serum BTP levels in patients admitting to the emergency unit with ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekrem T Sert
- Emergency Medicine, Aksaray University Medical School, Aksaray, TUR
| | - Nazire Akilli
- Emergency Medicine, Konya Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Konya, TUR
| | - Ramazan Köylü
- Emergency Medicine, Konya Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Konya, TUR
| | - Basar Cander
- Emergency Medicine, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Kamil Kokulu
- Emergency Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Öznur Köylü
- Biochemistry, Konya Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Konya, TUR
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4
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Mutlu H, Kokulu K, Sert ET, Çağlar A. Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase levels are associated with the severity of pulmonary embolism. Heart Vessels 2020; 35:996-1002. [PMID: 32076814 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-020-01568-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is an acute emergency with high mortality and morbidity rates. This study aimed to investigate the importance of Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) in predicting mortality and prognosis in PTE. The study prospectively included 90 patients who were admitted to the emergency department and in whom PTE was confirmed by computed tomographic pulmonary angiography as well as 40 healthy volunteers with no disease. L-PGDS levels in the venous blood were measured and compared. Pulmonary embolism severity index (PESI) prognosis scores of all patients and 1-month mortality rate were calculated. There was a statistically significant difference between the L-PGDS levels of the patient and control groups (P = 0.024), and 1-month mortality of patients diagnosed with PTE was 20% (n = 18). Furthermore, the patients were divided into two groups: patients deceased within 1 month following the diagnosis and survivors. L-PGDS levels of the deceased patients were significantly higher than those of the survivors (P < 0.001). Age, systolic blood pressure, pulse, shock index, lactate, and PESI scores were significantly different between the survivors and deceased patients. The cut-off value for L-PGDS obtained using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for 1-month mortality was 815.26 ng/mL (sensitivity: 83.33%; specificity: 79.17%; area under the curve: 0.851; 95% confidence interval 0.760-0.917; P < 0.001). Based on this cut-off value, logistic regression analysis revealed that increased L-PGDS, together with PESI, was an independent indicator of 1-month mortality. L-PGDS is associated with short-term mortality in patients with PTE; therefore, it can be used to predict mortality risk in patients with PTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hüseyin Mutlu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Aksaray Training and Research Hospital, Aksaray, Turkey. .,School of Medicine, Aksaray University, Adana Yolu Üzeri E-90 Karayolu 7. Km, Aksaray, Turkey.
| | - Kamil Kokulu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Taha Sert
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Aksaray Training and Research Hospital, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Çağlar
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Aksaray Training and Research Hospital, Aksaray, Turkey
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5
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García de Guadiana-Romualdo L, Albaladejo-Otón MD, Berger M, Jiménez-Santos E, Jiménez-Sánchez R, Esteban-Torrella P, Rebollo-Acebes S, Hernando-Holgado A, Ortín-Freire A, Trujillo-Santos J. Prognostic performance of pancreatic stone protein in critically ill patients with sepsis. Biomark Med 2019; 13:1469-1480. [PMID: 31621373 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2019-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To assess the prognostic value for 28-day mortality of PSP in critically ill patients with sepsis. Material & methods: 122 consecutive patients with sepsis were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were collected on admission and day 2. Results: On admission, the combination of PSP and lactate achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC-ROC) of 0.796, similar to sequential organ failure assessment score alone (AUC-ROC: 0.826). On day 2, PSP was the biomarker with the highest performance (AUC-ROC: 0.844), although lower (p = 0.041) than sequential organ failure assessment score (AUC-ROC: 0.923). Conclusion: The combination of PSP and lactate and PSP alone, on day 2, have a good performance for prognosis of 28-day mortality and could help to identify patients who may benefit most from tailored intensive care unit management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mario Berger
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals Division, R&D Clinical Sciences, Aprather Weg 18a, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
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Rivera-Caravaca JM, Marín F, Vilchez JA, Gálvez J, Esteve-Pastor MA, Vicente V, Lip GY, Roldán V. Refining Stroke and Bleeding Prediction in Atrial Fibrillation by Adding Consecutive Biomarkers to Clinical Risk Scores. Stroke 2019; 50:1372-1379. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.024305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Miguel Rivera-Caravaca
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, CIBERCV, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Murcia, Spain (J.M.R.-C., F.M., M.A.E.-P.)
| | - Francisco Marín
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, CIBERCV, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Murcia, Spain (J.M.R.-C., F.M., M.A.E.-P.)
| | - Juan Antonio Vilchez
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Cartagena, Spain (J.A.V.)
| | - Josefa Gálvez
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Oncology, Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, University of Murcia, Spain (J.G., V.V., V.R.)
| | - María Asunción Esteve-Pastor
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, CIBERCV, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Murcia, Spain (J.M.R.-C., F.M., M.A.E.-P.)
| | - Vicente Vicente
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Oncology, Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, University of Murcia, Spain (J.G., V.V., V.R.)
| | - Gregory Y.H. Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, United Kingdom (G.Y.H.L.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Aalborg University, Denmark (G.Y.H.L.)
| | - Vanessa Roldán
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Oncology, Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, University of Murcia, Spain (J.G., V.V., V.R.)
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7
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Duan B, Zhang L, Ding X, Li L, Li Y, Geng H, Ma Y. Serum Beta-Trace Protein as a Novel Predictor of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2016; 18:1022-1026. [PMID: 26940810 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bide Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; QiLu Hospital of Shandong University; Ji'nan Shandong Province China
- Department of Obstetrics; The Central Hospital of Zibo; Zibo Shandong Province China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics; The Second Hospital of Shandong University; Ji'nan Shandong Province China
| | - Xiaoyan Ding
- Department of Obstetrics; The Central Hospital of Zibo; Zibo Shandong Province China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Obstetrics; The People's Hospital of Rizhao; Rizhao Shandong Province China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Obstetrics; The Central Hospital of Zibo; Zibo Shandong Province China
| | - Hui Geng
- Department of Obstetrics; The Central Hospital of Zibo; Zibo Shandong Province China
| | - Yuyan Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; QiLu Hospital of Shandong University; Ji'nan Shandong Province China
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8
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Vílchez JA, Pérez-Cuellar M, Marín F, Gallego P, Manzano-Fernández S, Valdés M, Vicente V, Noguera-Velasco JA, Lip GYH, Ordóñez-Llanos J, Roldán V. sST2 levels are associated with all-cause mortality in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation. Eur J Clin Invest 2015; 45:899-905. [PMID: 26081996 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, even despite the use of oral anticoagulation (OAC). Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) is a member of the interleukin-1 receptor family [interleukin-1 receptor-like 1 (IL1RL1)], which has been associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity in heart failure or acute coronary syndrome. We assessed the predictive value of sST2 levels in an unselected 'real-world' cohort of anticoagulated AF patients. METHODS We included 562 patients (49% male; median age 77 [IQR: 71-82]) with permanent AF who were stable (for at least 6 months) on OAC (INRs 2.0-3.0). sST2 levels were quantified by ELISA. Patients were followed-up for up to 4 years, and cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality were recorded. RESULTS Median (IQR) of sST2 levels was 51.23 (39.09-67.40) μg/L. Median follow-up was 1587 days [IQR 1482-1617], and during this period, 91 patients died (16.2%, 3.72%/year). The c-statistic for predicting mortality with sST2 was 0.58 + 0.03; P = 0.017). On multivariate analysis, age [hazard ratio (HR) 1.09 (1.05-1.13); P < 0.001], diabetes mellitus [1.76 (1.08-2.88); P = 0.023], previous stroke [2.16 (1.29-3.60); P = 0.003] and sST2 levels [1.008 (1.002-1.14); P = 0.008] were independently associated with mortality. Concentrations of sST2 were also significantly associated with the risk of mortality, even after adjusting for the CHA2 DS2 -VASc score [HR: 1.007 (1.001-1.013); P = 0.014]. CONCLUSIONS In an anticoagulated AF patient's cohort, sST2 levels are an independent predictive factor of all-cause mortality. sST2 levels could be a biomarker used to improve clinical risk assessment in anticoagulated AF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Vílchez
- Departments of Cardiology and Clinical Analysis, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Pérez-Cuellar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona, Spain.,Red de Investigación Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IIB-Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Marín
- Red de Investigación Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiology of Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar Gallego
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Unit, General University Hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
| | - Sergio Manzano-Fernández
- Red de Investigación Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiology of Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mariano Valdés
- Red de Investigación Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiology of Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Vicente Vicente
- Red de Investigación Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hematology and Medical Oncology Unit, General University Hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
| | - José A Noguera-Velasco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Clinic University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.,Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK.,Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jordi Ordóñez-Llanos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona, Spain.,Red de Investigación Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IIB-Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Roldán
- Red de Investigación Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hematology and Medical Oncology Unit, General University Hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain
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9
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Bacci MR, Cavallari MR, de Rozier-Alves RM, Alves BDCA, Fonseca FLA. The impact of lipocalin-type-prostaglandin-D-synthase as a predictor of kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:3179-82. [PMID: 26124640 PMCID: PMC4482380 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s82100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension and diabetes are clinical conditions which contribute to the development of chronic kidney disease as well as risk factors for cardiovascular events. In recent years, lipocalin-type-prostaglandin-D-synthase (beta trace protein; BTP) has increasingly been studied as an alternative to creatinine for the evaluation of renal function as well as for being a possible biomarker for cardiovascular disease. It is expected that the levels of BTP in patients with cardiovascular disease are elevated, as is the case with patients with renal dysfunction. The objective of this study is to realize a systematic review of the pertinent literature in respect to BTP as a biomarker of renal dysfunction in diabetic patients. Using the database MEDLINE, a search up to year 2014 was conducted using the follow descriptors: "lipocalin type prostaglandin d synthase" AND "diabetes"; "lipocalin type prostaglandin d synthase" and "diabetic nephropathy"; "beta trace protein" AND "diabetes"; "beta trace protein" AND "diabetic nephropathy". The criteria used for inclusion were the presence of the referring to terms in title or abstract and study conducted in humans. About 17 articles were selected, of which six articles were duplicates, and of which six articles did not investigate any possible relationship between the protein (BTP) and either diabetes or nephropathy. The final result yielded five articles to be analyzed. This review found BTP is not influenced by race, by body mass index nor by patient's sex. BTP can be considered as a reliable early biomarker of renal dysfunction in diabetics. BTP is associated with metabolic syndrome and is also associated with greater cardiovascular risk. Prospective data establishing a correlation between BTP and mortality would have been of great interest, but such articles were not found in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca
- Clinical Analysis Laboratory, ABC Medical School, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil ; Biological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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White CA, Ghazan-Shahi S, Adams MA. β-Trace protein: a marker of GFR and other biological pathways. Am J Kidney Dis 2014; 65:131-46. [PMID: 25446025 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
β-Trace protein (BTP), also known as lipocalin prostaglandin D2 synthase (L-PGDS; encoded by the PTGDS gene), is a low-molecular-weight glycoprotein and an emerging novel marker of glomerular filtration rate. BTP is an important constituent of cerebral spinal fluid and is found in much lower concentrations in blood. Its serum origin and renal handling remain poorly understood. Unlike serum creatinine, BTP is not physiologically inert. It possesses both ligand-binding and enzymatic properties. BTP catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) to PGD2. PGD2 is an eicosanoid involved in a variety of important physiologic processes, including platelet aggregation, vasodilation, inflammation, adipogenesis, and bone remodeling. Several studies now have documented BTP's strong association with glomerular filtration rate, end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular disease, and death in a variety of different patient populations. This review provides an overview of the biochemistry, physiology and metabolism, biological functions, and measurement of BTP; summarizes the evidence for BTP as a marker of both kidney function and cardiovascular disease; and then considers the interplay between its biological properties, serum concentration, and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A White
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.
| | - Sassan Ghazan-Shahi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Michael A Adams
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
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11
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Filler G, Kusserow C, Lopes L, Kobrzyński M. Beta-trace protein as a marker of GFR--history, indications, and future research. Clin Biochem 2014; 47:1188-94. [PMID: 24833359 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent findings suggest that beta-trace protein (BTP), a small molecular weight protein, is at least equal if not superior to serum creatinine as a marker of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), particularly since it is independent from height, gender, age, and muscle mass. The authors sought to summarize knowledge on BTP and its use as a marker of GFR using the most recent literature available. DESIGN AND METHODS The authors compiled key articles and all relevant recent literature on this topic. Physical and chemical features of the molecule are described, as well as factors that may affect its expression. The use of BTP in estimating GFR as a whole and in specific patient groups, including pregnant women, neonates and infants, children and adolescents, and patients who have undergone renal transplantation is discussed. The use of BTP as a marker for cardiovascular risk factors is also briefly addressed. RESULTS Although its performance in the general population is marginally inferior to cystatin C, studies have suggested that it may be superior in accurately estimating GFR in select patient groups such as pregnant women and neonates. CONCLUSIONS This novel marker shows promise, but further research is required to clarify findings from available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Filler
- Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N5A 5A5, Canada; Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N5A 5A5, Canada.
| | - Carola Kusserow
- Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Laudelino Lopes
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Marta Kobrzyński
- Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
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