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Kizilboga T, Özden C, Can ND, Onay Ucar E, Dinler Doganay G. Bag-1-mediated HSF1 phosphorylation regulates expression of heat shock proteins in breast cancer cells. FEBS Open Bio 2024. [PMID: 39049197 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization in 2022, 2.3 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer. Investigating the interaction networks between Bcl-2-associated athanogene (Bag)-1 and other chaperone proteins may further the current understanding of the regulation of protein homeostasis in breast cancer cells and contribute to the development of treatment options. The present study aimed to determine the interactions between Bag-1 and heat shock proteins (HSPs); namely, HSP90, HSP70 and HSP27, to elucidate their role in promoting heat shock factor-1 (HSF1)-dependent survival of breast cancer cells. HER2-negative (MCF-7) and HER2-positive (BT-474) cell lines were used to examine the impact of Bag-1 expression on HSF1 and HSPs. We demonstrated that Bag-1 overexpression promoted HER2 expression in breast cancer cells, thereby resulting in the concurrent constitutive activation of the HSF1-HSP axis. The activation of HSP results in the stabilization of several tumor-promoting HSP clients such as AKT, mTOR and HSF1 itself, which substantially accelerates tumor development. Our results suggest that Bag-1 can modulate the chaperone activity of HSPs, such as HSP27, by directly or indirectly regulating the phosphorylation of HSF1. This modulation of chaperone activity can influence the activation of genes involved in cellular homeostasis, thereby protecting cells against stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Kizilboga
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, Turkey
| | - Can Özden
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
| | - Nisan Denizce Can
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
| | - Evren Onay Ucar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul University, Turkey
| | - Gizem Dinler Doganay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
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2
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Sharma A, Shah OP, Sharma L, Gulati M, Behl T, Khalid A, Mohan S, Najmi A, Zoghebi K. Molecular Chaperones as Therapeutic Target: Hallmark of Neurodegenerative Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4750-4767. [PMID: 38127187 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03846-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Misfolded and aggregated proteins build up in neurodegenerative illnesses, which causes neuronal dysfunction and ultimately neuronal death. In the last few years, there has been a significant upsurge in the level of interest towards the function of molecular chaperones in the control of misfolding and aggregation. The crucial molecular chaperones implicated in neurodegenerative illnesses are covered in this review article, along with a variety of their different methods of action. By aiding in protein folding, avoiding misfolding, and enabling protein breakdown, molecular chaperones serve critical roles in preserving protein homeostasis. By aiding in protein folding, avoiding misfolding, and enabling protein breakdown, molecular chaperones have integral roles in preserving regulation of protein balance. It has been demonstrated that aging, a significant risk factor for neurological disorders, affects how molecular chaperones function. The aggregation of misfolded proteins and the development of neurodegeneration may be facilitated by the aging-related reduction in chaperone activity. Molecular chaperones have also been linked to the pathophysiology of several instances of neuron withering illnesses, enumerating as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Molecular chaperones have become potential therapy targets concerning with the prevention and therapeutic approach for brain disorders due to their crucial function in protein homeostasis and their connection to neurodegenerative illnesses. Protein homeostasis can be restored, and illness progression can be slowed down by methods that increase chaperone function or modify their expression. This review emphasizes the importance of molecular chaperones in the context of neuron withering disorders and their potential as therapeutic targets for brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Om Prakash Shah
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Lalit Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 1444411, India
- ARCCIM, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 20227, Australia
| | - Tapan Behl
- Amity School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amity University, Mohali, Punjab, India, Amity University, Mohali, India.
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box 2424, 11111, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia.
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Asim Najmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Zoghebi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Clausen L, Okarmus J, Voutsinos V, Meyer M, Lindorff-Larsen K, Hartmann-Petersen R. PRKN-linked familial Parkinson's disease: cellular and molecular mechanisms of disease-linked variants. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:223. [PMID: 38767677 PMCID: PMC11106057 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common and incurable neurodegenerative disorder that arises from the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and is mainly characterized by progressive loss of motor function. Monogenic familial PD is associated with highly penetrant variants in specific genes, notably the PRKN gene, where homozygous or compound heterozygous loss-of-function variants predominate. PRKN encodes Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase important for protein ubiquitination and mitophagy of damaged mitochondria. Accordingly, Parkin plays a central role in mitochondrial quality control but is itself also subject to a strict protein quality control system that rapidly eliminates certain disease-linked Parkin variants. Here, we summarize the cellular and molecular functions of Parkin, highlighting the various mechanisms by which PRKN gene variants result in loss-of-function. We emphasize the importance of high-throughput assays and computational tools for the clinical classification of PRKN gene variants and how detailed insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of PRKN gene variants may impact the development of personalized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Clausen
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Justyna Okarmus
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Vasileios Voutsinos
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Meyer
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, BRIDGE, Brain Research Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kresten Lindorff-Larsen
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Hartmann-Petersen
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Gu L, Hou B, Chen X, Wang Y, Chang P, He X, Gong D, Sun Q. The Bcl-2-associated athanogene gene family in tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum) and the function of NtBAG5 in leaf senescence. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1108588. [PMID: 36844065 PMCID: PMC9947661 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1108588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence in tobacco is closely related to leaf maturation and secondary metabolites. Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) family members are highly conserved proteins and play key roles in senescence, growth and development, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Herein, the BAG family of tobacco was identified and characterized. In total, 19 tobacco BAG protein candidate genes were identified and divided into two classes, class I comprising NtBAG1a-e, NtBAG3a-b, and NtBAG4a-c and class II including NtBAG5a-e, NtBAG6a-b, and NtBAG7. Genes in the same subfamily or branch of the phylogenetic tree exhibited similarities in gene structure and the cis-element on promoters. RNA-seq and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that the expression of NtBAG5c-f and NtBAG6a-b was upregulated in senescent leaves, implying that they play a role in regulating leaf senescence. NtBAG5c was localized in the nucleus and cell wall as a homology of leaf senescence related gene AtBAG5. Further, the interaction of NtBAG5c with heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) and sHSP20 was demonstrated using yeast two-hybrid experiment. Virus-induced gene silencing indicated that NtBAG5c reduced the lignin content and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation. In NtBAG5c-silenced plants, the expression of multiple senescence-related genes cysteine proteinase (NtCP1), SENESCENCE 4 (SEN4) and SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED GENE 12 (SAG12) was downregulated. In conclusion, tobacco BAG protein candidate genes were identified and characterized for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxin Gu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Hou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Pingan Chang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohong He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Daping Gong
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Quan Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
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5
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Johansson KE, Mashahreh B, Hartmann-Petersen R, Ravid T, Lindorff-Larsen K. Prediction of Quality-control Degradation Signals in Yeast Proteins. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:167915. [PMID: 36495918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Effective proteome homeostasis is key to cellular and organismal survival, and cells therefore contain efficient quality control systems to monitor and remove potentially toxic misfolded proteins. Such general protein quality control to a large extent relies on the efficient and robust delivery of misfolded or unfolded proteins to the ubiquitin-proteasome system. This is achieved via recognition of so-called degradation motifs-degrons-that are assumed to become exposed as a result of protein misfolding. Despite their importance, the nature and sequence properties of quality-control degrons remain elusive. Here, we have used data from a yeast-based screen of 23,600 17-residue peptides to build a predictor of quality-control degrons. The resulting model, QCDPred (Quality Control Degron Prediction), achieves good accuracy using only the sequence composition of the peptides as input. Our analysis reveals that strong degrons are enriched in hydrophobic amino acids and depleted in negatively charged amino acids, in line with the expectation that they are buried in natively folded proteins. We applied QCDPred to the yeast proteome, enabling us to analyse more widely the potential effects of degrons. As an example, we show a correlation between cellular abundance and degron potential in disordered regions of proteins. Together with recent results on membrane proteins, our work suggest that the recognition of exposed hydrophobic residues is a key and generic mechanism for proteome homeostasis. QCDPred is freely available as open source code and via a web interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer E Johansson
- Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Section for Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biology, University for Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. https://twitter.com/kristofferenoee
| | - Bayan Mashahreh
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rasmus Hartmann-Petersen
- Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Section for Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biology, University for Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. https://twitter.com/rasmushartmannp
| | - Tommer Ravid
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Kresten Lindorff-Larsen
- Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Section for Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biology, University for Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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6
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Abstract
Protein homeostasis relies on a balance between protein folding and protein degradation. Molecular chaperones like Hsp70 and Hsp90 fulfill well-defined roles in protein folding and conformational stability via ATP-dependent reaction cycles. These folding cycles are controlled by associations with a cohort of non-client protein co-chaperones, such as Hop, p23, and Aha1. Pro-folding co-chaperones facilitate the transit of the client protein through the chaperone-mediated folding process. However, chaperones are also involved in proteasomal and lysosomal degradation of client proteins. Like folding complexes, the ability of chaperones to mediate protein degradation is regulated by co-chaperones, such as the C-terminal Hsp70-binding protein (CHIP/STUB1). CHIP binds to Hsp70 and Hsp90 chaperones through its tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain and functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase using a modified RING finger domain (U-box). This unique combination of domains effectively allows CHIP to network chaperone complexes to the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagosome-lysosome systems. This chapter reviews the current understanding of CHIP as a co-chaperone that switches Hsp70/Hsp90 chaperone complexes from protein folding to protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abantika Chakraborty
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Adrienne L Edkins
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Makhanda/Grahamstown, South Africa.
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7
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Bracher A, Verghese J. Nucleotide Exchange Factors for Hsp70 Molecular Chaperones: GrpE, Hsp110/Grp170, HspBP1/Sil1, and BAG Domain Proteins. Subcell Biochem 2023; 101:1-39. [PMID: 36520302 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14740-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones of the Hsp70 family are key components of the cellular protein-folding machinery. Substrate folding is accomplished by iterative cycles of ATP binding, hydrolysis, and release. The ATPase activity of Hsp70 is regulated by two main classes of cochaperones: J-domain proteins stimulate ATPase hydrolysis by Hsp70, while nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs) facilitate the conversion from the ADP-bound to the ATP-bound state, thus closing the chaperone folding cycle. NEF function can additionally be antagonized by ADP dissociation inhibitors. Beginning with the discovery of the prototypical bacterial NEF, GrpE, a large diversity of nucleotide exchange factors for Hsp70 have been identified, connecting it to a multitude of cellular processes in the eukaryotic cell. Here we review recent advances toward structure and function of nucleotide exchange factors from the Hsp110/Grp170, HspBP1/Sil1, and BAG domain protein families and discuss how these cochaperones connect protein folding with cellular quality control and degradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bracher
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Jacob Verghese
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Trophic Communications GmbH, Munich, Germany
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8
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Kumar S, Basu M, Ghosh MK. Chaperone-assisted E3 ligase CHIP: A double agent in cancer. Genes Dis 2022; 9:1521-1555. [PMID: 36157498 PMCID: PMC9485218 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The carboxy-terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP) is a ubiquitin ligase and co-chaperone belonging to Ubox family that plays a crucial role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis by switching the equilibrium of the folding-refolding mechanism towards the proteasomal or lysosomal degradation pathway. It links molecular chaperones viz. HSC70, HSP70 and HSP90 with ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), acting as a quality control system. CHIP contains charged domain in between N-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) and C-terminal Ubox domain. TPR domain interacts with the aberrant client proteins via chaperones while Ubox domain facilitates the ubiquitin transfer to the client proteins for ubiquitination. Thus, CHIP is a classic molecule that executes ubiquitination for degradation of client proteins. Further, CHIP has been found to be indulged in cellular differentiation, proliferation, metastasis and tumorigenesis. Additionally, CHIP can play its dual role as a tumor suppressor as well as an oncogene in numerous malignancies, thus acting as a double agent. Here, in this review, we have reported almost all substrates of CHIP established till date and classified them according to the hallmarks of cancer. In addition, we discussed about its architectural alignment, tissue specific expression, sub-cellular localization, folding-refolding mechanisms of client proteins, E4 ligase activity, normal physiological roles, as well as involvement in various diseases and tumor biology. Further, we aim to discuss its importance in HSP90 inhibitors mediated cancer therapy. Thus, this report concludes that CHIP may be a promising and worthy drug target towards pharmaceutical industry for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Kumar
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector–V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Malini Basu
- Department of Microbiology, Dhruba Chand Halder College, Dakshin Barasat, South 24 Paraganas, West Bengal 743372, India
| | - Mrinal K. Ghosh
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector–V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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9
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Protein Quality Control in Glioblastoma: A Review of the Current Literature with New Perspectives on Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179734. [PMID: 36077131 PMCID: PMC9456419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein quality control allows eukaryotes to maintain proteostasis under the stress of constantly changing conditions. In this review, we discuss the current literature on PQC, highlighting flaws that must exist for malignancy to occur. At the nidus of PQC, the expression of BAG1-6 reflects the cell environment; each isoform directs proteins toward different, parallel branches of the quality control cascade. The sum of these branches creates a net shift toward either homeostasis or apoptosis. With an established role in ALP, Bag3 is necessary for cell survival in stress conditions including those of the cancerous niche (i.e., hypoxia, hypermutation). Evidence suggests that excessive Bag3–HSP70 activity not only sustains, but also propagates cancers. Its role is anti-apoptotic—which allows malignant cells to persist—and intercellular—with the production of infectious ‘oncosomes’ enabling cancer expansion and recurrence. While Bag3 has been identified as a key prognostic indicator in several cancer types, its investigation is limited regarding glioblastoma. The cochaperone HSP70 has been strongly linked with GBM, while ALP inhibitors have been shown to improve GBM susceptibility to chemotherapeutics. Given the highly resilient, frequently recurrent nature of GBM, the targeting of Bag3 is a necessary consideration for the successful and definitive treatment of GBM.
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Wankhede NL, Kale MB, Upaganlawar AB, Taksande BG, Umekar MJ, Behl T, Abdellatif AAH, Bhaskaran PM, Dachani SR, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Makeen HA, Albratty M, Dailah HG, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Bungau S. Involvement of molecular chaperone in protein-misfolding brain diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112647. [PMID: 35149361 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein misfolding causes aggregation and build-up in a variety of brain diseases. There are numeral molecules that are linked with the protein homeostasis mechanism. Molecular chaperones are one of such molecules that are responsible for protection against protein misfolded and aggregation-induced neurotoxicity. Many studies have explored the participation of molecular chaperones in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's diseases. In this review, we highlighted the constructive role of molecular chaperones in neurological diseases characterized by protein misfolding and aggregation and their capability to control aberrant protein interactions at an early stage thus successfully suppressing pathogenic cascades. A comprehensive understanding of the protein misfolding associated with brain diseases and the molecular basis of involvement of chaperone against aggregation-induced cellular stress might lead to the progress of new therapeutic intrusion-related to protein misfolding and aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitu L Wankhede
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayur B Kale
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aman B Upaganlawar
- SNJB's Shriman Sureshdada Jain College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, Nasik, Maharashta, India
| | - Brijesh G Taksande
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Milind J Umekar
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Ahmed A H Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Sudarshan Reddy Dachani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University (Al-Dawadmi Campus), Al-Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Hafiz A Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan university, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed Ghaleb Dailah
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman; School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania.
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11
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The Divergent Roles of the Rice bcl-2 Associated Athanogene (BAG) Genes in Plant Development and Environmental Responses. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102169. [PMID: 34685978 PMCID: PMC8538510 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG), a group of proteins evolutionarily conserved and functioned as co-chaperones in plants and animals, is involved in various cell activities and diverse physiological processes. However, the biological functions of this gene family in rice are largely unknown. In this study, we identified a total of six BAG members in rice. These genes were classified into two groups, OsBAG1, -2, -3, and -4 are in group I with a conserved ubiquitin-like structure and OsBAG5 and -6 are in group Ⅱ with a calmodulin-binding domain, in addition to a common BAG domain. The BAG genes exhibited diverse expression patterns, with OsBAG4 showing the highest expression level, followed by OsBAG1 and OsBAG3, and OsBAG6 preferentially expressed in the panicle, endosperm, and calli. The co-expression analysis and the hierarchical cluster analysis indicated that the OsBAG1 and OsBAG3 were co-expressed with primary cell wall-biosynthesizing genes, OsBAG4 was co-expressed with phytohormone and transcriptional factors, and OsBAG6 was co-expressed with disease and shock-associated genes. β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining further indicated that OsBAG3 is mainly involved in primary young tissues under both primary and secondary growth. In addition, the expression of the BAG genes under brown planthopper (BPH) feeding, N, P, and K deficiency, heat, drought and plant hormones treatments was investigated. Our results clearly showed that OsBAGs are multifunctional molecules as inferred by their protein structures, subcellular localizations, and expression profiles. BAGs in group I are mainly involved in plant development, whereas BAGs in group II are reactive in gene regulations and stress responses. Our results provide a solid basis for the further elucidation of the biological functions of plant BAG genes.
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Can ND, Basturk E, Kizilboga T, Akcay IM, Dingiloglu B, Tatli O, Acar S, Ozfiliz Kilbas P, Elbeyli E, Muratcioglu S, Jannuzzi AT, Gursoy A, Keskin O, Doganay HL, Karademir Yilmaz B, Dinler Doganay G. Interactome analysis of Bag-1 isoforms reveals novel interaction partners in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256640. [PMID: 34428256 PMCID: PMC8384158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bag-1 is a multifunctional protein that regulates Hsp70 chaperone activity, apoptosis, and proliferation. The three major Bag-1 isoforms have different subcellular localizations and partly non-overlapping functions. To identify the detailed interaction network of each isoform, we utilized mass spectrometry-based proteomics and found that interactomes of Bag-1 isoforms contained many common proteins, with variations in their abundances. Bag-1 interactomes were enriched with proteins involved in protein processing and degradation pathways. Novel interaction partners included VCP/p97; a transitional ER ATPase, Rad23B; a shuttling factor for ubiquitinated proteins, proteasome components, and ER-resident proteins, suggesting a role for Bag-1 also in ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). Bag-1 pull-down from cells and tissues from breast cancer patients validated these interactions and showed cancer-related prominence. Using in silico predictions we detected hotspot residues of Bag-1. Mutations of these residues caused loss of binding to protein quality control elements and impaired proteasomal activity in MCF-7 cells. Following CD147 glycosylation pattern, we showed that Bag-1 downregulated VCP/p97-dependent ERAD. Overall, our data extends the interaction map of Bag-1, and broadens its role in protein homeostasis. Targeting the interaction surfaces revealed in this study might be an effective strategy in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisan Denizce Can
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Basturk
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tugba Kizilboga
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Izzet Mehmet Akcay
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baran Dingiloglu
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozge Tatli
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Acar
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pelin Ozfiliz Kilbas
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Efe Elbeyli
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serena Muratcioglu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Tarbin Jannuzzi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Attila Gursoy
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Keskin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Betul Karademir Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine/Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Dinler Doganay
- Department of Molecular Biology—Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- * E-mail:
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Devi S, Kim JJ, Singh AP, Kumar S, Dubey AK, Singh SK, Singh RS, Kumar V. Proteotoxicity: A Fatal Consequence of Environmental Pollutants-Induced Impairments in Protein Clearance Machinery. J Pers Med 2021; 11:69. [PMID: 33503824 PMCID: PMC7912547 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11020069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A tightly regulated protein quality control (PQC) system maintains a healthy balance between correctly folded and misfolded protein species. This PQC system work with the help of a complex network comprised of molecular chaperones and proteostasis. Any intruder, especially environmental pollutants, disrupt the PQC network and lead to PQCs disruption, thus generating damaged and infectious protein. These misfolded/unfolded proteins are linked to several diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and cataracts. Numerous studies on proteins misfolding and disruption of PQCs by environmental pollutants highlight the necessity of detailed knowledge. This review represents the PQCs network and environmental pollutants' impact on the PQC network, especially through the protein clearance system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Devi
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, India;
| | - Jong-Joo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea;
| | - Anand Prakash Singh
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL 35294-1913, USA;
| | - Surendra Kumar
- Cytogenetics Lab, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | | | | | - Ravi Shankar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Room 4D40, Health Sciences Building, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea;
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14
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Nguyen P, Hess K, Smulders L, Le D, Briseno C, Chavez CM, Nikolaidis N. Origin and Evolution of the Human Bcl2-Associated Athanogene-1 (BAG-1). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249701. [PMID: 33353252 PMCID: PMC7766421 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular chaperones, particularly the 70-kDa heat shock proteins (Hsp70s), are key orchestrators of the cellular stress response. To perform their critical functions, Hsp70s require the presence of specific co-chaperones, which include nucleotide exchange factors containing the BCL2-associated athanogene (BAG) domain. BAG-1 is one of these proteins that function in a wide range of cellular processes, including apoptosis, protein refolding, and degradation, as well as tumorigenesis. However, the origin of BAG-1 proteins and their evolution between and within species are mostly uncharacterized. This report investigated the macro- and micro-evolution of BAG-1 using orthologous sequences and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to elucidate the evolution and understand how natural variation affects the cellular stress response. We first collected and analyzed several BAG-1 sequences across animals, plants, and fungi; mapped intron positions and phases; reconstructed phylogeny; and analyzed protein characteristics. These data indicated that BAG-1 originated before the animals, plants, and fungi split, yet most extant fungal species have lost BAG-1. Furthermore, although BAG-1's structure has remained relatively conserved, kingdom-specific conserved differences exist at sites of known function, suggesting functional specialization within each kingdom. We then analyzed SNPs from the 1000 genomes database to determine the evolutionary patterns within humans. These analyses revealed that the SNP density is unequally distributed within the BAG1 gene, and the ratio of non-synonymous/synonymous SNPs is significantly higher than 1 in the BAG domain region, which is an indication of positive selection. To further explore this notion, we performed several biochemical assays and found that only one out of five mutations tested altered the major co-chaperone properties of BAG-1. These data collectively suggest that although the co-chaperone functions of BAG-1 are highly conserved and can probably tolerate several radical mutations, BAG-1 might have acquired specialized and potentially unexplored functions during the evolutionary process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Nguyen
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, and Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA; (P.N.); (L.S.); (D.L.); (C.B.); (C.M.C.)
| | - Kyle Hess
- Department of Genome Sciences, Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Larissa Smulders
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, and Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA; (P.N.); (L.S.); (D.L.); (C.B.); (C.M.C.)
| | - Dat Le
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, and Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA; (P.N.); (L.S.); (D.L.); (C.B.); (C.M.C.)
| | - Carolina Briseno
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, and Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA; (P.N.); (L.S.); (D.L.); (C.B.); (C.M.C.)
| | - Christina M. Chavez
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, and Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA; (P.N.); (L.S.); (D.L.); (C.B.); (C.M.C.)
| | - Nikolas Nikolaidis
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, and Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834-6850, USA; (P.N.); (L.S.); (D.L.); (C.B.); (C.M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-657-278-4526
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15
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BAG3 Proteomic Signature under Proteostasis Stress. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112416. [PMID: 33158300 PMCID: PMC7694386 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional HSP70 co-chaperone BAG3 (BCL-2-associated athanogene 3) represents a key player in the quality control of the cellular proteostasis network. In response to stress, BAG3 specifically targets aggregation-prone proteins to the perinuclear aggresome and promotes their degradation via BAG3-mediated selective macroautophagy. To adapt cellular homeostasis to stress, BAG3 modulates and functions in various cellular processes and signaling pathways. Noteworthy, dysfunction and deregulation of BAG3 and its pathway are pathophysiologically linked to myopathies, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we report a BAG3 proteomic signature under proteostasis stress. To elucidate the dynamic and multifunctional action of BAG3 in response to stress, we established BAG3 interactomes under basal and proteostasis stress conditions by employing affinity purification combined with quantitative mass spectrometry. In addition to the identification of novel potential BAG3 interactors, we defined proteins whose interaction with BAG3 was altered upon stress. By functional annotation and protein-protein interaction enrichment analysis of the identified potential BAG3 interactors, we confirmed the multifunctionality of BAG3 and highlighted its crucial role in diverse cellular signaling pathways and processes, ensuring cellular proteostasis and cell viability. These include protein folding and degradation, gene expression, cytoskeleton dynamics (including cell cycle and transport), as well as granulostasis, in particular.
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16
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Chen Y, Wang K, Di J, Guan C, Wang S, Li Q, Qu Y. Mutation of the BAG-1 domain decreases its protective effect against hypoxia/reoxygenation by regulating HSP70 and the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in SY-SH5Y cells. Brain Res 2020; 1751:147192. [PMID: 33152339 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BCL-2-associated athanogene-1 (BAG-1) is a multifunctional protein that was first identified as a binding partner of BCL-2. Our previous results indicated that BAG-1 large (BAG-1L) overexpression significantly increases cell viability and decreases apoptosis by upregulating HSP70 and p-AKT in response to hypoxia/reoxygenation in SY-SH5Y cells. However, the functional domain of BAG-1L that exerts these protective effects against hypoxic damage has not been identified. In this study, we examined changes in HSP70 and p-AKT protein levels in SH-SY5Y cells with or without BAG-1L domain mutation after six hours of hypoxia/reoxygenation treatment. The BAG-1 domain mutant (BAG-1MUT) attenuated neuronal viability and proliferation while enhancing apoptosis after hypoxia/reoxygenation, which was achieved in part by inhibiting the HSP70 and p-AKT signalling pathways. This evidence illustrates that the BAG-1 domain plays a key role in protecting cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- School of Nursing, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 26600, Shandong, China; Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Keke Wang
- Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Di
- School of Nursing, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 26600, Shandong, China; Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Chun Guan
- Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Sumei Wang
- Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Qingshu Li
- Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China.
| | - Yan Qu
- Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
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17
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Zhang DL, Wang JM, Wu T, Du X, Yan J, Du ZX, Wang HQ. BAG5 promotes invasion of papillary thyroid cancer cells via upregulation of fibronectin 1 at the translational level. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118715. [PMID: 32275930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), the most common thyroid malignancy, has a strong propensity for neck lymph node metastasis, which will increase the risk of local recurrence and decrease the survival in some high-risk groups. Hence, it is essential to set up a reliable biomarker to predict lymph node metastasis. BAG5 is a unique member of the BAG cochaperone family because it consists of more than one BAG domain, which acts as modulator of chaperone activity. In this study, we found that expression of BAG5 was significantly increased in PTC cells and tissues. Neither overexpression nor downregulation of BAG5 altered the proliferation of PTC cells. On the contrary, overexpression of BAG5 significantly promoted, while knockdown of BAG5 significantly decreased migration and invasion of PTC cells. Along with this, fibronectin 1 (FN1) was significantly increased and decreased in cells that overexpress or downregulate BAG5, respectively. Mechanistically, we found that BAG5 modulated FN1 expression at the translational level and promoted invasion via suppression of miR-144-3p, which targeted the 3' untranslational region (UTR) of FN1 transcript. This study suggests that BAG5 is an important regulator of migration and invasion in PTC cells and may represent a novel therapeutic target for intervening in PTC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Lin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Thyroid Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jia-Mei Wang
- Clinical Medical Laboratory, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zhen-Xian Du
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Hua-Qin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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18
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Jodoin R, Carrier JC, Rivard N, Bisaillon M, Perreault JP. G-quadruplex located in the 5'UTR of the BAG-1 mRNA affects both its cap-dependent and cap-independent translation through global secondary structure maintenance. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:10247-10266. [PMID: 31504805 PMCID: PMC6821271 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-apoptotic BAG-1 protein isoforms are known to be overexpressed in colorectal tumors and are considered to be potential therapeutic targets. The isoforms are derived from alternative translation initiations occuring at four in-frame start codons of a single mRNA transcript. Its 5′UTR also contains an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) regulating the cap-independent translation of the transcript. An RNA G-quadruplex (rG4) is located at the 5′end of the BAG-1 5′UTR, upstream of the known cis-regulatory elements. Herein, we observed that the expression of BAG-1 isoforms is post-transcriptionally regulated in colorectal cancer cells and tumors, and that stabilisation of the rG4 by small molecules ligands reduces the expression of endogenous BAG-1 isoforms. We demonstrated a critical role for the rG4 in the control of both cap-dependent and independent translation of the BAG-1 mRNA in colorectal cancer cells. Additionally, we found an upstream ORF that also represses BAG-1 mRNA translation. The structural probing of the complete 5′UTR showed that the rG4 acts as a steric block which controls the initiation of translation at each start codon of the transcript and also maintains the global 5′UTR secondary structure required for IRES-dependent translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Jodoin
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Julie C Carrier
- Service de Gastro-entérologie, Département de médecine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Nathalie Rivard
- Département d'Anatomie et de Biologie Cellulaire, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Martin Bisaillon
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Perreault
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1E 4K8, Canada
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Zhu HQ, Gao FH. Regulatory Molecules and Corresponding Processes of BCR-ABL Protein Degradation. J Cancer 2019; 10:2488-2500. [PMID: 31258755 PMCID: PMC6584333 DOI: 10.7150/jca.29528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The BCR-ABL fusion protein with strong tyrosine kinase activity is one of the molecular biological bases of leukemia. Imatinib (Gleevec), a specific targeted drug for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), was developed for inhibiting the kinase activity of the BCR-ABL fusion protein. Despite the positive clinical efficacy of imatinib, the proportion of imatinib resistance has gradually increased. The main reason for the resistance is a decrease in sensitivity to imatinib caused by mutation or amplification of the BCR-ABL gene. In response to this phenomenon, the new generation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting the BCR-ABL fusion protein was developed to solve the problem. However this strategy only selectively inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of the BCR-ABL protein without eliminating the BCR-ABL protein, it does not fundamentally cure the BCR-ABL-positive leukemia patients. With the accumulation of the knowledge of cellular molecular biology, it has become possible to specifically eliminate certain proteins by cellular proteases in a specific way. Therefore, the therapeutic strategy to induce the degradation of the BCR-ABL fusion protein is superior to the strategy of inhibiting its activity. The protein degradation strategy is also a solution to the TKI resistance caused by different BCR-ABL gene point mutations. In order to provide possible exploration directions and clues for eliminating the BCR-ABL fusion protein in tumor cells, we summarize the significant molecules involved in the degradation pathway of the BCR-ABL protein, as well as the reported potent compounds that can target the BCR-ABL protein for degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Qing Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Feng-Hou Gao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
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20
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Gennaro VJ, Wedegaertner H, McMahon SB. Interaction between the BAG1S isoform and HSP70 mediates the stability of anti-apoptotic proteins and the survival of osteosarcoma cells expressing oncogenic MYC. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:258. [PMID: 30902071 PMCID: PMC6429775 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The oncoprotein MYC has the dual capacity to drive cell cycle progression or induce apoptosis, depending on the cellular context. BAG1 was previously identified as a transcriptional target of MYC that functions as a critical determinant of this cell fate decision. The BAG1 protein is expressed as multiple isoforms, each having an array of distinct biochemical functions; however, the specific effector function of BAG1 that directs MYC-dependent cell survival has not been defined. Methods In our studies the human osteosarcoma line U2OS expressing a conditional MYC-ER allele was used to induce oncogenic levels of MYC. We interrogated MYC-driven survival processes by modifying BAG1 protein expression. The function of the separate BAG1 isoforms was investigated by depleting cells of endogenous BAG1 and reintroducing the distinct isoforms. Flow cytometry and immunoblot assays were performed to analyze the effect of specific BAG1 isoforms on MYC-dependent apoptosis. These experiments were repeated to determine the role of the HSP70 chaperone complex in BAG1 survival processes. Finally, a proteomic approach was used to identify a set of specific pro-survival proteins controlled by the HSP70/BAG1 complex. Results Loss of BAG1 resulted in robust MYC-induced apoptosis. Expression of the larger isoforms of BAG1, BAG1L and BAG1M, were insufficient to rescue survival in cells with oncogenic levels of MYC. Alternatively, reintroduction of BAG1S significantly reduced the level of apoptosis. Manipulation of the BAG1S interaction with HSP70 revealed that BAG1S provides its pro-survival function by serving as a cofactor for the HSP70 chaperone complex. Via a proteomic approach we identified and classified a set of pro-survival proteins controlled by this HSP70/BAG1 chaperone complex that contribute to the BAG1 anti-apoptotic phenotype. Conclusions The small isoform of BAG1, BAG1S, in cooperation with the HSP70 chaperone complex, selectively mediates cell survival in MYC overexpressing tumor cells. We identified a set of specific pro-survival clients controlled by the HSP70/BAG1S chaperone complex. These clients define new nodes that could be therapeutically targeted to disrupt the survival of tumor cells driven by MYC activation. With MYC overexpression occurring in most human cancers, this introduces new strategies for cancer treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5454-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria J Gennaro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Helen Wedegaertner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Steven B McMahon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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21
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Evans LE, Jones K, Cheeseman MD. Targeting secondary protein complexes in drug discovery: studying the druggability and chemical biology of the HSP70/BAG1 complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:5167-5170. [PMID: 28439591 PMCID: PMC5708526 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01376k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A non-nucleotide FP-probe was designed to study the mechanism of action and druggability of the secondary HSP70/BAG1 complex.
Proteins typically carry out their biological functions as multi-protein complexes, which can significantly affect the affinity of small-molecule inhibitors. HSP70 is an important target in oncology, so to study its chemical biology and the drug discovery potential of the HSP70/BAG1 complex, we designed a high-affinity non-nucleotide fluorescence polarisation probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay E Evans
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK.
| | - Keith Jones
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK.
| | - Matthew D Cheeseman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK.
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22
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Lang S, Pfeffer S, Lee PH, Cavalié A, Helms V, Förster F, Zimmermann R. An Update on Sec61 Channel Functions, Mechanisms, and Related Diseases. Front Physiol 2017; 8:887. [PMID: 29163222 PMCID: PMC5672155 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of nucleated human cells harbors the protein translocon, which facilitates membrane integration or translocation of almost every newly synthesized polypeptide targeted to organelles of the endo- and exocytotic pathway. The translocon comprises the polypeptide-conducting Sec61 channel and several additional proteins and complexes that are permanently or transiently associated with the heterotrimeric Sec61 complex. This ensemble of proteins facilitates ER targeting of precursor polypeptides, modification of precursor polypeptides in transit through the Sec61 complex, and Sec61 channel gating, i.e., dynamic regulation of the pore forming subunit to mediate precursor transport and calcium efflux. Recently, cryoelectron tomography of translocons in native ER membrane vesicles, derived from human cell lines or patient fibroblasts, and even intact cells has given unprecedented insights into the architecture and dynamics of the native translocon and the Sec61 channel. These structural data are discussed in light of different Sec61 channel activities including ribosome receptor function, membrane insertion, and translocation of newly synthesized polypeptides as well as the putative physiological roles of the Sec61 channel as a passive ER calcium leak channel. Furthermore, the structural insights into the Sec61 channel are incorporated into an overview and update on Sec61 channel-related diseases—the Sec61 channelopathies—and novel therapeutic concepts for their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Lang
- Competence Center for Molecular Medicine, Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Pfeffer
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Po-Hsien Lee
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Adolfo Cavalié
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Volkhard Helms
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Friedrich Förster
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Richard Zimmermann
- Competence Center for Molecular Medicine, Saarland University Medical School, Homburg, Germany
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Morozov AV, Astakhova TM, Garbuz DG, Krasnov GS, Bobkova NV, Zatsepina OG, Karpov VL, Evgen'ev MB. Interplay between recombinant Hsp70 and proteasomes: proteasome activity modulation and ubiquitin-independent cleavage of Hsp70. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:687-697. [PMID: 28447215 PMCID: PMC5573687 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0792-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70, human HSPA1A) plays indispensable roles in cellular stress responses and protein quality control (PQC). In the framework of PQC, it cooperates with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to clear damaged and dysfunctional proteins in the cell. Moreover, Hsp70 itself is rapidly degraded following the recovery from stress. It was demonstrated that its fast turnover is mediated via ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the 26S proteasome. At the same time, the effect of Hsp70 on the functional state of proteasomes has been insufficiently investigated. Here, we characterized the direct effect of recombinant Hsp70 on the activity of 20S and 26S proteasomes and studied Hsp70 degradation by the 20S proteasome in vitro. We have shown that the activity of purified 20S proteasomes is decreased following incubation with recombinant human Hsp70. On the other hand, high concentrations of Hsp70 activated 26S proteasomes. Finally, we obtained evidence that in addition to previously reported ubiquitin-dependent degradation, Hsp70 could be cleaved independent of ubiquitination by the 20S proteasome. The results obtained reveal novel aspects of the interplay between Hsp70 and proteasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Morozov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Tatiana M Astakhova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 26, Moscow, 124319, Russia
| | - David G Garbuz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - George S Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Natalia V Bobkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Institutskaya st. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Olga G Zatsepina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Vadim L Karpov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Michail B Evgen'ev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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24
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Cato L, Neeb A, Sharp A, Buzón V, Ficarro SB, Yang L, Muhle-Goll C, Kuznik NC, Riisnaes R, Nava Rodrigues D, Armant O, Gourain V, Adelmant G, Ntim EA, Westerling T, Dolling D, Rescigno P, Figueiredo I, Fauser F, Wu J, Rottenberg JT, Shatkina L, Ester C, Luy B, Puchta H, Troppmair J, Jung N, Bräse S, Strähle U, Marto JA, Nienhaus GU, Al-Lazikani B, Salvatella X, de Bono JS, Cato ACB, Brown M. Development of Bag-1L as a therapeutic target in androgen receptor-dependent prostate cancer. eLife 2017; 6:e27159. [PMID: 28826504 PMCID: PMC5629025 DOI: 10.7554/elife.27159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting the activation function-1 (AF-1) domain located in the N-terminus of the androgen receptor (AR) is an attractive therapeutic alternative to the current approaches to inhibit AR action in prostate cancer (PCa). Here we show that the AR AF-1 is bound by the cochaperone Bag-1L. Mutations in the AR interaction domain or loss of Bag-1L abrogate AR signaling and reduce PCa growth. Clinically, Bag-1L protein levels increase with progression to castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) and high levels of Bag-1L in primary PCa associate with a reduced clinical benefit from abiraterone when these tumors progress. Intriguingly, residues in Bag-1L important for its interaction with the AR AF-1 are within a potentially druggable pocket, implicating Bag-1L as a potential therapeutic target in PCa.
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25
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Stürner E, Behl C. The Role of the Multifunctional BAG3 Protein in Cellular Protein Quality Control and in Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:177. [PMID: 28680391 PMCID: PMC5478690 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In neurons, but also in all other cells the complex proteostasis network is monitored and tightly regulated by the cellular protein quality control (PQC) system. Beyond folding of newly synthesized polypeptides and their refolding upon misfolding the PQC also manages the disposal of aberrant proteins either by the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery or by the autophagic-lysosomal system. Aggregated proteins are primarily degraded by a process termed selective macroautophagy (or aggrephagy). One such recently discovered selective macroautophagy pathway is mediated by the multifunctional HSP70 co-chaperone BAG3 (BCL-2-associated athanogene 3). Under acute stress and during cellular aging, BAG3 in concert with the molecular chaperones HSP70 and HSPB8 as well as the ubiquitin receptor p62/SQSTM1 specifically targets aggregation-prone proteins to autophagic degradation. Thereby, BAG3-mediated selective macroautophagy represents a pivotal adaptive safeguarding and emergency system of the PQC which is activated under pathophysiological conditions to ensure cellular proteostasis. Interestingly, BAG3-mediated selective macroautophagy is also involved in the clearance of aggregated proteins associated with age-related neurodegenerative disorders, like Alzheimer’s disease (tau-protein), Huntington’s disease (mutated huntingtin/polyQ proteins), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (mutated SOD1). In addition, based on its initial description BAG3 is an anti-apoptotic protein that plays a decisive role in other widespread diseases, including cancer and myopathies. Therefore, in the search for novel therapeutic intervention avenues in neurodegeneration, myopathies and cancer BAG3 is a promising candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Stürner
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainz, Germany
| | - Christian Behl
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainz, Germany
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26
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Ciechanover A, Kwon YT. Protein Quality Control by Molecular Chaperones in Neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:185. [PMID: 28428740 PMCID: PMC5382173 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) requires the timely degradation of misfolded proteins and their aggregates by protein quality control (PQC), of which molecular chaperones are an essential component. Compared with other cell types, PQC in neurons is particularly challenging because they have a unique cellular structure with long extensions. Making it worse, neurons are postmitotic, i.e., cannot dilute toxic substances by division, and, thus, are highly sensitive to misfolded proteins, especially as they age. Failure in PQC is often associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington's disease (HD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and prion disease. In fact, many neurodegenerative diseases are considered to be protein misfolding disorders. To prevent the accumulation of disease-causing aggregates, neurons utilize a repertoire of chaperones that recognize misfolded proteins through exposed hydrophobic surfaces and assist their refolding. If such an effort fails, chaperones can facilitate the degradation of terminally misfolded proteins through either the ubiquitin (Ub)-proteasome system (UPS) or the autophagy-lysosome system (hereafter autophagy). If soluble, the substrates associated with chaperones, such as Hsp70, are ubiquitinated by Ub ligases and degraded through the proteasome complex. Some misfolded proteins carrying the KFERQ motif are recognized by the chaperone Hsc70 and delivered to the lysosomal lumen through a process called, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Aggregation-prone misfolded proteins that remain unprocessed are directed to macroautophagy in which cargoes are collected by adaptors, such as p62/SQSTM-1/Sequestosome-1, and delivered to the autophagosome for lysosomal degradation. The aggregates that have survived all these refolding/degradative processes can still be directly dissolved, i.e., disaggregated by chaperones. Studies have shown that molecular chaperones alleviate the pathogenic symptoms by neurodegeneration-causing protein aggregates. Chaperone-inducing drugs and anti-aggregation drugs are actively exploited for beneficial effects on symptoms of disease. Here, we discuss how chaperones protect misfolded proteins from aggregation and mediate the degradation of terminally misfolded proteins in collaboration with cellular degradative machinery. The topics also include therapeutic approaches to improve the expression and turnover of molecular chaperones and to develop anti-aggregation drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Ciechanover
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, South Korea.,Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa, Israel
| | - Yong Tae Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, South Korea.,Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, South Korea
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27
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Lee DW, Kim SJ, Oh YJ, Choi B, Lee J, Hwang I. Arabidopsis BAG1 Functions as a Cofactor in Hsc70-Mediated Proteasomal Degradation of Unimported Plastid Proteins. MOLECULAR PLANT 2016; 9:1428-1431. [PMID: 27343446 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Lee
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Young Jun Oh
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Bongsoo Choi
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Juhun Lee
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea.
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28
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Behl C. Breaking BAG: The Co-Chaperone BAG3 in Health and Disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 37:672-688. [PMID: 27162137 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Human BAG (Bcl-2-associated athanogene) proteins form a family of antiapoptotic proteins that currently consists of six members (BAG1-6) all sharing the BAG protein domain from which the name arises. Via this domain, BAG proteins bind to the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), thereby acting as a co-chaperone regulating the activity of Hsp70. In addition to their antiapoptotic activity, all human BAG proteins have distinct functions in health and disease, and BAG3 in particular is the focus of many investigations. BAG3 has a modular protein domain composition offering the possibility for manifold interactions with other proteins. Various BAG3 functions are implicated in disorders including cancer, myopathies, and neurodegeneration. The discovery of its role in selective autophagy and the description of BAG3-mediated selective macroautophagy as an adaptive mechanism to maintain cellular homeostasis, under stress as well as during aging, make BAG3 a highly interesting target for future pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Behl
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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29
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Khaminets A, Behl C, Dikic I. Ubiquitin-Dependent And Independent Signals In Selective Autophagy. Trends Cell Biol 2015; 26:6-16. [PMID: 26437584 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 508] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Selective autophagy regulates the abundance of specific cellular components via a specialized arsenal of factors, termed autophagy receptors, that target protein complexes, aggregates, and whole organelles into lysosomes. Autophagy receptors bind to LC3/GABARAP proteins on phagophore and autophagosome membranes, and recognize signals on cargoes to deliver them to autophagy. Ubiquitin (Ub), a well-known signal for the degradation of polypeptides in the proteasome, also plays an important role in the recognition of cargoes destined for selective autophagy. In addition, a variety of cargoes are committed to selective autophagy pathways by Ub-independent mechanisms employing protein-protein interaction motifs, Ub-like modifiers, and sugar- or lipid-based signals. In this article we summarize Ub-dependent and independent selective autophagy pathways, and discuss regulatory mechanisms and challenges for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaksandr Khaminets
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christian Behl
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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30
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Functional Analysis of Keratin-Associated Proteins in Intestinal Epithelia: Heat-Shock Protein Chaperoning and Kinase Rescue. Methods Enzymol 2015. [PMID: 26778557 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence from several laboratories points at nonmechanical functions of keratin intermediate filaments (IF), such as control of apoptosis, modulation of signaling, or regulation of innate immunity, among others. While these functions are generally assigned to the ability of IF to scaffold other proteins, direct mechanistic causal relationships between filamentous keratins and the observed effects of keratin knockout or mutations are still missing. We have proposed that the scaffolding of chaperones such as Hsp70/40 may be key to understand some IF nonmechanical functions if unique features or specificity of the chaperoning activity in the IF scaffold can be demonstrated. The same criteria of uniqueness could be applied to other biochemical functions of the IF scaffold. Here, we describe a subcellular fractionation technique based on established methods of keratin purification. The resulting keratin-enriched fraction contains several proteins tightly associated with the IF scaffold, including Hsp70/40 chaperones. Being nondenaturing, this fractionation method enables direct testing of chaperoning and other enzymatic activities associated with IF, as well as supplementation experiments to determine the need for soluble (cytosolic) proteins. This method also permits to analyze inhibitory activity of cytosolic proteins at independently characterized physiological concentrations. When used as complementary approaches to knockout, knockdown, or site-directed mutagenesis, these techniques are expected to shed light on molecular mechanisms involved in the effects of IF loss of function.
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31
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Bracher A, Verghese J. GrpE, Hsp110/Grp170, HspBP1/Sil1 and BAG domain proteins: nucleotide exchange factors for Hsp70 molecular chaperones. Subcell Biochem 2015; 78:1-33. [PMID: 25487014 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-11731-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones of the Hsp70 family are key components of the cellular protein folding machinery. Substrate folding is accomplished by iterative cycles of ATP binding, hydrolysis and release. The ATPase activity of Hsp70 is regulated by two main classes of cochaperones: J-domain proteins stimulate ATPase hydrolysis by Hsp70, while nucleotide exchange factors (NEF) facilitate its conversion from the ADP-bound to the ATP-bound state, thus closing the chaperone folding cycle. Beginning with the discovery of the prototypical bacterial NEF GrpE, a large diversity of Hsp70 nucleotide exchange factors has been identified, connecting Hsp70 to a multitude of cellular processes in the eukaryotic cell. Here we review recent advances towards structure and function of nucleotide exchange factors from the Hsp110/Grp170, HspBP1/Sil1 and BAG domain protein families and discuss how these cochaperones connect protein folding with quality control and degradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bracher
- Dept. of Cellular Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, 82152, Martinsried, Germany,
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32
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Melero R, Moro F, Pérez-Calvo MÁ, Perales-Calvo J, Quintana-Gallardo L, Llorca O, Muga A, Valpuesta JM. Modulation of the chaperone DnaK allosterism by the nucleotide exchange factor GrpE. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:10083-92. [PMID: 25739641 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.623371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hsp70 chaperones comprise two domains, the nucleotide-binding domain (Hsp70NBD), responsible for structural and functional changes in the chaperone, and the substrate-binding domain (Hsp70SBD), involved in substrate interaction. Substrate binding and release in Hsp70 is controlled by the nucleotide state of DnaKNBD, with ATP inducing the open, substrate-receptive DnaKSBD conformation, whereas ADP forces its closure. DnaK cycles between the two conformations through interaction with two cofactors, the Hsp40 co-chaperones (DnaJ in Escherichia coli) induce the ADP state, and the nucleotide exchange factors (GrpE in E. coli) induce the ATP state. X-ray crystallography showed that the GrpE dimer is a nucleotide exchange factor that works by interaction of one of its monomers with DnaKNBD. DnaKSBD location in this complex is debated; there is evidence that it interacts with the GrpE N-terminal disordered region, far from DnaKNBD. Although we confirmed this interaction using biochemical and biophysical techniques, our EM-based three-dimensional reconstruction of the DnaK-GrpE complex located DnaKSBD near DnaKNBD. This apparent discrepancy between the functional and structural results is explained by our finding that the tail region of the GrpE dimer in the DnaK-GrpE complex bends and its tip contacts DnaKSBD, whereas the DnaKNBD-DnaKSBD linker contacts the GrpE helical region. We suggest that these interactions define a more complex role for GrpE in the control of DnaK function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Melero
- From the Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), 28040 Madrid
| | - Fernando Moro
- the Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC/UPV-EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, 48080 Bilbao, and
| | | | - Judit Perales-Calvo
- the Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC/UPV-EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, 48080 Bilbao, and
| | | | - Oscar Llorca
- From the Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), 28040 Madrid,
| | - Arturo Muga
- the Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC/UPV-EHU) and Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, 48080 Bilbao, and
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Abstract
Protein homeostasis relies on a balance between protein folding and protein degradation. Molecular chaperones like Hsp70 and Hsp90 fulfil well-defined roles in protein folding and conformational stability via ATP dependent reaction cycles. These folding cycles are controlled by associations with a cohort of non-client protein co-chaperones, such as Hop, p23 and Aha1. Pro-folding co-chaperones facilitate the transit of the client protein through the chaperone mediated folding process. However, chaperones are also involved in ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of client proteins. Similar to folding complexes, the ability of chaperones to mediate protein degradation is regulated by co-chaperones, such as the C terminal Hsp70 binding protein (CHIP). CHIP binds to Hsp70 and Hsp90 chaperones through its tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain and functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase using a modified RING finger domain (U-box). This unique combination of domains effectively allows CHIP to network chaperone complexes to the ubiquitin-proteasome system. This chapter reviews the current understanding of CHIP as a co-chaperone that switches Hsp70/Hsp90 chaperone complexes from protein folding to protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne L Edkins
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit (BioBRU), Rhodes University, 6140, Grahamstown, South Africa,
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34
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Guilbert SM, Varlet AA, Fuchs M, Lambert H, Landry J, Lavoie JN. Regulation of Actin-Based Structure Dynamics by HspB Proteins and Partners. HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16077-1_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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35
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Bozaykut P, Ozer NK, Karademir B. Regulation of protein turnover by heat shock proteins. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 77:195-209. [PMID: 25236750 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein turnover reflects the balance between synthesis and degradation of proteins, and it is a crucial process for the maintenance of the cellular protein pool. The folding of proteins, refolding of misfolded proteins, and also degradation of misfolded and damaged proteins are involved in the protein quality control (PQC) system. Correct protein folding and degradation are controlled by many different factors, one of the most important of which is the heat shock protein family. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are in the class of molecular chaperones, which may prevent the inappropriate interaction of proteins and induce correct folding. On the other hand, these proteins play significant roles in the degradation pathways, including endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and autophagy. This review focuses on the emerging role of HSPs in the regulation of protein turnover; the effects of HSPs on the degradation machineries ERAD, autophagy, and proteasome; as well as the role of posttranslational modifications in the PQC system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perinur Bozaykut
- Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Kartal Ozer
- Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Karademir
- Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey.
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36
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Cato L, Neeb A, Brown M, Cato ACB. Control of steroid receptor dynamics and function by genomic actions of the cochaperones p23 and Bag-1L. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR SIGNALING 2014; 12:e005. [PMID: 25422595 PMCID: PMC4242288 DOI: 10.1621/nrs.12005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones encompass a group of unrelated proteins that facilitate the
correct assembly and disassembly of other macromolecular structures, which they
themselves do not remain a part of. They associate with a large and diverse set
of coregulators termed cochaperones that regulate their function and
specificity. Amongst others, chaperones and cochaperones regulate the activity
of several signaling molecules including steroid receptors, which upon ligand
binding interact with discrete nucleotide sequences within the nucleus to
control the expression of diverse physiological and developmental genes.
Molecular chaperones and cochaperones are typically known to provide the correct
conformation for ligand binding by the steroid receptors. While this
contribution is widely accepted, recent studies have reported that they further
modulate steroid receptor action outside ligand binding. They are thought to
contribute to receptor turnover, transport of the receptor to different
subcellular localizations, recycling of the receptor on chromatin and even
stabilization of the DNA-binding properties of the receptor. In addition to
these combined effects with molecular chaperones, cochaperones are reported to
have additional functions that are independent of molecular chaperones. Some of
these functions also impact on steroid receptor action. Two well-studied
examples are the cochaperones p23 and Bag-1L, which have been identified as
modulators of steroid receptor activity in nuclei. Understanding details of
their regulatory action will provide new therapeutic opportunities of
controlling steroid receptor action independent of the widespread effects of
molecular chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cato
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA (LC, MB) and Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany (AN, ACBC)
| | - Antje Neeb
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA (LC, MB) and Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany (AN, ACBC)
| | - Myles Brown
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA (LC, MB) and Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany (AN, ACBC)
| | - Andrew C B Cato
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology and Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA (LC, MB) and Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany (AN, ACBC)
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37
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Mashukova A, Kozhekbaeva Z, Forteza R, Dulam V, Figueroa Y, Warren R, Salas PJ. The BAG-1 isoform BAG-1M regulates keratin-associated Hsp70 chaperoning of aPKC in intestinal cells during activation of inflammatory signaling. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:3568-77. [PMID: 24876225 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.151084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical PKC (ι/λ and ζ; hereafter referred to as aPKC) is a key player in the acquisition of epithelial polarity and participates in other signaling cascades including the control of NF-κB signaling. This kinase is post-translationally regulated through Hsp70-mediated refolding. Previous work has shown that such a chaperoning activity is specifically localized to keratin intermediate filaments. Our work was performed with the goal of identifying the molecule(s) that block Hsp70 activity on keratin filaments during inflammation. A transcriptional screen allowed us to focus on BAG-1, a multi-functional protein that assists Hsp70 in nucleotide exchange but also blocks its activity at higher concentrations. We found the BAG-1 isoform BAG-1M upregulated threefold in human Caco-2 cells following stimulation with tumor necrosis factor receptor α (TNFα) to induce a pro-inflammatory response, and up to sixfold in mouse enterocytes following treatment with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce colitis. BAG-1M, but no other isoform, was found to co-purify with intermediate filaments and block Hsp70 activity in the keratin fraction but not in the soluble fraction within the range of concentrations found in epithelial cells cultured under control and inflammation conditions. Constitutive expression of BAG-1M decreased levels of phosphorylated aPKC. By contrast, knockdown of BAG-1, blocked the TNFα-induced decrease of phosphorylated aPKC. We conclude that BAG-1M mediates Hsp70 inhibition downstream of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Mashukova
- Nova Southeastern University, Department of Physiology, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Zhanna Kozhekbaeva
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Radia Forteza
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Vipin Dulam
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Yolanda Figueroa
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Robert Warren
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Pedro J Salas
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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The BAG homology domain of Snl1 cures yeast prion [URE3] through regulation of Hsp70 chaperones. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2014; 4:461-70. [PMID: 24408033 PMCID: PMC3962485 DOI: 10.1534/g3.113.009993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The BAG family of proteins is evolutionarily conserved from yeast to humans and plants. In animals and plants, the BAG family possesses multiple members with overlapping and distinct functions that regulate many cellular processes, such as signaling, protein degradation, and stress response. The only BAG domain protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is Snl1, which is anchored to the endoplasmic reticulum through an amino-terminal transmembrane region. Snl1 is the only known membrane-associated nucleotide exchange factor for 70-kilodalton heat shock protein (Hsp70), and thus its role in regulating cytosolic Hsp70 functions is not clear. Here, we examine whether Snl1 regulates Hsp70 activity in the propagation of stable prion-like protein aggregates. We show that unlike other nucleotide exchange factors, Snl1 is not required for propagation of yeast prions [URE3] and [PSI+]. Overexpressing Snl1 derivative consisting of only the BAG domain (Snl1-S) cures [URE3]; however, elevated levels of the entire cytosolic domain of Snl1 (Snl1-M), which has nine additional amino-terminal residues, has no effect. Substituting the three lysine residues in this region of Snl1-M with alanine restores ability to cure [URE3]. [PSI+] is unaffected by overproduction of either Snl1-S or Snl1-M. The Snl1-S mutant engineered with weaker affinity to Hsp70 does not cure [URE3], indicating that curing of [URE3] by Snl1-S requires Hsp70. Our data suggest that Snl1 anchoring to endoplasmic reticulum or nuclear membrane restricts its ability to modulate cytosolic activities of Hsp70 proteins. Furthermore, the short amino-terminal extension of the BAG domain profoundly affects its function.
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Knapp RT, Wong MJH, Kollmannsberger LK, Gassen NC, Kretzschmar A, Zschocke J, Hafner K, Young JC, Rein T. Hsp70 cochaperones HspBP1 and BAG-1M differentially regulate steroid hormone receptor function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85415. [PMID: 24454860 PMCID: PMC3891853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hsp70 binding protein 1 (HspBP1) and Bcl2-associated athanogene 1 (BAG-1), the functional orthologous nucleotide exchange factors of the heat shock protein 70 kilodalton (Hsc70/Hsp70) chaperones, catalyze the release of ADP from Hsp70 while inducing different conformational changes of the ATPase domain of Hsp70. An appropriate exchange rate of ADP/ATP is crucial for chaperone-dependent protein folding processes. Among Hsp70 client proteins are steroid receptors such as the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and the androgen receptor (AR). BAG-1 diversely affects steroid receptor activity, while to date the influence of HspBP1 on steroid receptor function is mostly unknown. Here, we compared the influence of HspBP1 and BAG-1M on Hsp70-mediated steroid receptor folding complexes and steroid receptor activity. Coimmunoprecipitation studies indicated preferential binding of Hsp40 and the steroid receptors to BAG-1M as compared to HspBP1. Furthermore, Hsp70 binding to the ligand-binding domain of GR was reduced in the presence of HspBP1 but not in the presence of BAG-1M as shown by pull-down assays. Reporter gene experiments revealed an inhibitory effect on GR, MR, and AR at a wide range of HspBP1 protein levels and at hormone concentrations at or approaching saturation. BAG-1M exhibited a transition from stimulatory effects at low BAG-1M levels to inhibitory effects at higher BAG-1M levels. Overall, BAG-1M and HspBP1 had differential impacts on the dynamic composition of steroid receptor folding complexes and on receptor function with important implications for steroid receptor physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina T. Knapp
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Chaperone Research Group, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael J. H. Wong
- McGill University, Department of Biochemistry, Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Nils C. Gassen
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Chaperone Research Group, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Kretzschmar
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Chaperone Research Group, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Zschocke
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Chaperone Research Group, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Hafner
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Chaperone Research Group, Munich, Germany
| | - Jason C. Young
- McGill University, Department of Biochemistry, Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines, Montreal, Canada
| | - Theo Rein
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Chaperone Research Group, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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The role of heat shock proteins in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: The therapeutic potential of Arimoclomol. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 141:40-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Di Luca A, Elia G, Hamill R, Mullen AM. 2D DIGE proteomic analysis of early post mortem muscle exudate highlights the importance of the stress response for improved water-holding capacity of fresh pork meat. Proteomics 2013; 13:1528-44. [PMID: 23456991 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Variation in water-holding capacity (WHC), which presents a major economic burden to the swine industry, is considered to be underpinned by variation at a molecular and biochemical level. High-resolution 2D DIGE followed by MS analysis and Western blot were used to unravel the proteome of muscle exudate, collected following centrifugation, in the pH 4-7 range. A first 2DE-based protein map of this substrate was produced where 89 spots were successfully characterised. Two phenotypes divergent for WHC plus one intermediate were compared with a view to deciphering the biochemical processes impacting on variation in WHC. Twenty spots were observed to be altered across the phenotypes. Of these, 14 represented sixteen proteins including metabolic enzymes, stress response proteins and structural proteins. Triosephosphate isomerase and transferrin showed a major difference between the two extreme phenotypes, and may have potential as biological markers for WHC prediction. Several members of the HSPs family were highlighted. This proteomic study makes an important contribution towards a more detailed molecular view of the processes behind WHC and will provide a valuable resource for future investigations.
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Rauch JN, Gestwicki JE. Binding of human nucleotide exchange factors to heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) generates functionally distinct complexes in vitro. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:1402-14. [PMID: 24318877 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.521997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins with Bcl2-associated anthanogene (BAG) domains act as nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs) for the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). There are six BAG family NEFs in humans, and each is thought to link Hsp70 to a distinct cellular pathway. However, little is known about how the NEFs compete for binding to Hsp70 or how they might differentially shape its biochemical activities. Toward these questions, we measured the binding of human Hsp72 (HSPA1A) to BAG1, BAG2, BAG3, and the unrelated NEF Hsp105. These studies revealed a clear hierarchy of affinities: BAG3 > BAG1 > Hsp105 ≫ BAG2. All of the NEFs competed for binding to Hsp70, and their relative affinity values predicted their potency in nucleotide and peptide release assays. Finally, we combined the Hsp70-NEF pairs with cochaperones of the J protein family (DnaJA1, DnaJA2, DnaJB1, and DnaJB4) to generate 16 permutations. The activity of the combinations in ATPase and luciferase refolding assays were dependent on the identity and stoichiometry of both the J protein and NEF so that some combinations were potent chaperones, whereas others were inactive. Given the number and diversity of cochaperones in mammals, it is likely that combinatorial assembly could generate a large number of distinct permutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Rauch
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Pathology and the Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 and
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Willis MS, Bevilacqua A, Pulinilkunnil T, Kienesberger P, Tannu M, Patterson C. The role of ubiquitin ligases in cardiac disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 71:43-53. [PMID: 24262338 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Rigorous surveillance of protein quality control is essential for the maintenance of normal cardiac function, while the dysregulation of protein turnover is present in a diverse array of common cardiac diseases. Central to the protein quality control found in all cells is the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). The UPS plays a critical role in protein trafficking, cellular signaling, and most prominently, protein degradation. As ubiquitin ligases (E3s) control the specificity of the UPS, their description in the cardiomyocyte has highlighted how ubiquitin ligases are critical to the turnover and function of the sarcomere complex, responsible for the heart's required continuous contraction. In this review, we provide an overview of the UPS, highlighting a comprehensive overview of the cardiac ubiquitin ligases identified to date. We then focus on recent studies of new cardiac ubiquitin ligases outlining their novel roles in protein turnover, cellular signaling, and the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and receptor turnover in the pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac atrophy, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Protein Quality Control, the Ubiquitin Proteasome System, and Autophagy".
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Affiliation(s)
- Monte S Willis
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Ariana Bevilacqua
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas Pulinilkunnil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Petra Kienesberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Manasi Tannu
- College of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cam Patterson
- Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology, Medicine (Cardiology), and Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Luo T, Park Y, Sun X, Liu C, Hu B. Protein misfolding, aggregation, and autophagy after brain ischemia. Transl Stroke Res 2013; 4:581-8. [PMID: 24323413 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-013-0299-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic brain injury is a common disorder linked to a variety of diseases. Significant progress has been made in our understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Previous studies show that protein misfolding, aggregation, and multiple organelle damage are major pathological events in postischemic neurons. The autophagy pathway is the chief route for bulk degradation of protein aggregates and damaged organelles. The latest studies suggest that impairment of autophagy contributes to abnormal protein aggregation and organelle damages after brain ischemia. This article reviews recent studies of protein misfolding, aggregation, and impairment of autophagy after brain ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfei Luo
- Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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Petitjean C, Moreira D, López-García P, Brochier-Armanet C. Horizontal gene transfer of a chloroplast DnaJ-Fer protein to Thaumarchaeota and the evolutionary history of the DnaK chaperone system in Archaea. BMC Evol Biol 2012. [PMID: 23181628 PMCID: PMC3564930 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-12-226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In 2004, we discovered an atypical protein in metagenomic data from marine thaumarchaeotal species. This protein, referred as DnaJ-Fer, is composed of a J domain fused to a Ferredoxin (Fer) domain. Surprisingly, the same protein was also found in Viridiplantae (green algae and land plants). Because J domain-containing proteins are known to interact with the major chaperone DnaK/Hsp70, this suggested that a DnaK protein was present in Thaumarchaeota. DnaK/Hsp70, its co-chaperone DnaJ and the nucleotide exchange factor GrpE are involved, among others, in heat shocks and heavy metal cellular stress responses. Results Using phylogenomic approaches we have investigated the evolutionary history of the DnaJ-Fer protein and of interacting proteins DnaK, DnaJ and GrpE in Thaumarchaeota. These proteins have very complex histories, involving several inter-domain horizontal gene transfers (HGTs) to explain the contemporary distribution of these proteins in archaea. These transfers include one from Cyanobacteria to Viridiplantae and one from Viridiplantae to Thaumarchaeota for the DnaJ-Fer protein, as well as independent HGTs from Bacteria to mesophilic archaea for the DnaK/DnaJ/GrpE system, followed by HGTs among mesophilic and thermophilic archaea. Conclusions We highlight the chimerical origin of the set of proteins DnaK, DnaJ, GrpE and DnaJ-Fer in Thaumarchaeota and suggest that the HGT of these proteins has played an important role in the adaptation of several archaeal groups to mesophilic and thermophilic environments from hyperthermophilic ancestors. Finally, the evolutionary history of DnaJ-Fer provides information useful for the relative dating of the diversification of Archaeplastida and Thaumarchaeota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Petitjean
- UPR CNRS 9043, Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, Université d’Aix-Marseille (AMU), 13402 Marseille, Cedex 20, France
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Rampelt H, Kirstein-Miles J, Nillegoda NB, Chi K, Scholz SR, Morimoto RI, Bukau B. Metazoan Hsp70 machines use Hsp110 to power protein disaggregation. EMBO J 2012; 31:4221-35. [PMID: 22990239 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2012.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of aggregation-prone misfolded proteins disrupts normal cellular function and promotes ageing and disease. Bacteria, fungi and plants counteract this by solubilizing and refolding aggregated proteins via a powerful cytosolic ATP-dependent bichaperone system, comprising the AAA+ disaggregase Hsp100 and the Hsp70-Hsp40 system. Metazoa, however, lack Hsp100 disaggregases. We show that instead the Hsp110 member of the Hsp70 superfamily remodels the human Hsp70-Hsp40 system to efficiently disaggregate and refold aggregates of heat and chemically denatured proteins in vitro and in cell extracts. This Hsp110 effect relies on nucleotide exchange, not on ATPase activity, implying ATP-driven chaperoning is not required. Knock-down of nematode Caenorhabditis elegans Hsp110, but not an unrelated nucleotide exchange factor, compromises dissolution of heat-induced protein aggregates and severely shortens lifespan after heat shock. We conclude that in metazoa, Hsp70-Hsp40 powered by Hsp110 nucleotide exchange represents the crucial disaggregation machinery that reestablishes protein homeostasis to counteract protein unfolding stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Rampelt
- Center for Molecular Biology of the University of Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
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A lysine-rich region within fungal BAG domain-containing proteins mediates a novel association with ribosomes. EUKARYOTIC CELL 2012; 11:1003-11. [PMID: 22635919 DOI: 10.1128/ec.00146-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is a highly conserved molecular chaperone that assists in the folding of nascent chains and the repair of unfolded proteins through iterative cycles of ATP binding, hydrolysis, and nucleotide exchange tightly coupled to polypeptide binding and release. Cochaperones, including nucleotide exchange factors (NEFs), modulate the rate of ADP/ATP exchange and serve to recruit Hsp70 to distinct processes or locations. Among three nonrelated cytosolic NEFs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Bag-1 homolog SNL1 is unique in being tethered to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. We demonstrate here a novel physical association between Snl1 and the intact ribosome. This interaction is both independent of and concurrent with binding to Hsp70 and is not dependent on membrane localization. The ribosome binding site is identified as a short lysine-rich motif within the amino terminus of the Snl1 BAG domain distinct from the Hsp70 interaction region. Additionally, we demonstrate a ribosome association with the Candida albicans Snl1 homolog and localize this putative NEF to a perinuclear/ER membrane, suggesting functional conservation in fungal BAG domain-containing proteins. We therefore propose that the Snl1 family of NEFs serves a previously unknown role in fungal protein biogenesis based on the coincident recruitment of ribosomes and Hsp70 to the ER membrane.
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Wenger T, Terawaki S, Camosseto V, Abdelrassoul R, Mies A, Catalan N, Claudio N, Clavarino G, de Gassart A, Rigotti FDA, Gatti E, Pierre P. Autophagy inhibition promotes defective neosynthesized proteins storage in ALIS, and induces redirection toward proteasome processing and MHCI-restricted presentation. Autophagy 2012; 8:350-63. [PMID: 22377621 DOI: 10.4161/auto.18806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant portion of newly synthesized protein fails to fold properly and is quickly degraded. These defective ribosomal products (DRiPs) are substrates for the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and give rise to a large fraction of peptides presented by major histocompatibility complex class I molecules (MHCI). Here, we showed that DRiPs are also autophagy substrates, which accumulate upon autophagy inhibition in aggresome-like-induced structures (ALIS). Aggregation is critically depending on p62/SQSTM1, but occurs in the absence of activation of the NRF2 signaling axis and transcriptional regulation of p62/SQSTM1. We demonstrated that autophagy-targeted DRiPs can become UPS substrates and give rise to MHCI presented peptides upon autophagy inhibition. We further demonstrated that autophagy targeting of DRiPs is controlled by NBR1, but not p62/SQSTM1, CHIP or BAG-1. Active autophagy therefore directly modulates MHCI presentation by constantly degrading endogenous defective neosynthesized antigens, which are submitted to at least two distinct quality control mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Wenger
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Liu CH, Zhang F, Krisrian T, Polster B, Fiskum GM, Hu B. Protein Aggregation and Multiple Organelle Damage After Brain Ischemia. Transl Stroke Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-9530-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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