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Alissafi T, Kourepini E, Simoes DCM, Paschalidis N, Aggelakopoulou M, Sparwasser T, Boon L, Hammad H, Lambrecht BN, Panoutsakopoulou V. Osteopontin Promotes Protective Antigenic Tolerance against Experimental Allergic Airway Disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:1270-1282. [PMID: 29330321 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the context of inflammation, osteopontin (Opn) is known to promote effector responses, facilitating a proinflammatory environment; however, its role during antigenic tolerance induction is unknown. Using a mouse model of asthma, we investigated the role of Opn during antigenic tolerance induction and its effects on associated regulatory cellular populations prior to disease initiation. Our experiments demonstrate that Opn drives protective antigenic tolerance by inducing accumulation of IFN-β-producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells, as well as regulatory T cells, in mediastinal lymph nodes. We also show that, in the absence of TLR triggers, recombinant Opn, and particularly its SLAYGLR motif, directly induces IFN-β expression in Ag-primed plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which renders them extra protective against induction of allergic airway disease upon transfer into recipient mice. Lastly, we show that blockade of type I IFNR prevents antigenic tolerance induction against experimental allergic asthma. Overall, we unveil a new role for Opn in setting up a tolerogenic milieu boosting antigenic tolerance induction, thus leading to prevention of allergic airway inflammation. Our results provide insight for the future design of immunotherapies against allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Themis Alissafi
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.,VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evangelia Kourepini
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Davina C M Simoes
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Paschalidis
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Aggelakopoulou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Tim Sparwasser
- Institute of Infection Immunology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, 30625 Hannover, Germany, a Joint Venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany and the Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Louis Boon
- Bioceros BV, 3584 CM Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hamida Hammad
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vily Panoutsakopoulou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
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Potaczek DP, Nishiyama C, Sanak M, Szczeklik A, Okumura K. Genetic variability of the high-affinity IgE receptor alpha-subunit (FcepsilonRIalpha). Immunol Res 2010; 45:75-84. [PMID: 18726713 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-008-8042-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Our knowledge on the variability of FCER1A gene encoding for alpha-subunit of the high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor (FcepsilonRI) that plays a central role in the pathogenesis of allergy and related disorders, has been recently much extended. Last findings from FCER1A mutational screening and genetic association studies, followed by functional analyses of the polymorphisms, are briefly summarized in this mini-review. The association between FCER1A gene variants and total serum IgE levels seems especially interesting and, supported by functional analyses of polymorphisms, may provide a rationale for pharmacogenetic studies on anti-IgE therapy that indirectly suppresses FcepsilonRI expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Potaczek
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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Knight A. Systematic Reviews of Animal Experiments Demonstrate Poor Human Clinical and Toxicological Utility. Altern Lab Anim 2007; 35:641-59. [DOI: 10.1177/026119290703500610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The assumption that animal models are reasonably predictive of human outcomes provides the basis for their widespread use in toxicity testing and in biomedical research aimed at developing cures for human diseases. To investigate the validity of this assumption, the comprehensive Scopus biomedical bibliographic databases were searched for published systematic reviews of the human clinical or toxicological utility of animal experiments. In 20 reviews in which clinical utility was examined, the authors concluded that animal models were either significantly useful in contributing to the development of clinical interventions, or were substantially consistent with clinical outcomes, in only two cases, one of which was contentious. These included reviews of the clinical utility of experiments expected by ethics committees to lead to medical advances, of highly-cited experiments published in major journals, and of chimpanzee experiments — those involving the species considered most likely to be predictive of human outcomes. Seven additional reviews failed to clearly demonstrate utility in predicting human toxicological outcomes, such as carcinogenicity and teratogenicity. Consequently, animal data may not generally be assumed to be substantially useful for these purposes. Possible causes include interspecies differences, the distortion of outcomes arising from experimental environments and protocols, and the poor methodological quality of many animal experiments, which was evident in at least 11 reviews. No reviews existed in which the majority of animal experiments were of good methodological quality. Whilst the effects of some of these problems might be minimised with concerted effort (given their widespread prevalence), the limitations resulting from interspecies differences are likely to be technically and theoretically impossible to overcome. Non-animal models are generally required to pass formal scientific validation prior to their regulatory acceptance. In contrast, animal models are simply assumed to be predictive of human outcomes. These results demonstrate the invalidity of such assumptions. The consistent application of formal validation studies to all test models is clearly warranted, regardless of their animal, non-animal, historical, contemporary or possible future status. Likely benefits would include, the greater selection of models truly predictive of human outcomes, increased safety of people exposed to chemicals that have passed toxicity tests, increased efficiency during the development of human pharmaceuticals and other therapeutic interventions, and decreased wastage of animal, personnel and financial resources. The poor human clinical and toxicological utility of most animal models for which data exists, in conjunction with their generally substantial animal welfare and economic costs, justify a ban on animal models lacking scientific data clearly establishing their human predictivity or utility.
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Greenlee KJ, Corry DB, Engler DA, Matsunami RK, Tessier P, Cook RG, Werb Z, Kheradmand F. Proteomic identification of in vivo substrates for matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 reveals a mechanism for resolution of inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 177:7312-21. [PMID: 17082650 PMCID: PMC2580826 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.10.7312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Clearance of allergic inflammatory cells from the lung through matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is necessary to prevent lethal asphyxiation, but mechanistic insight into this essential homeostatic process is lacking. In this study, we have used a proteomics approach to determine how MMPs promote egression of lung inflammatory cells through the airway. MMP2- and MMP9-dependent cleavage of individual Th2 chemokines modulated their chemotactic activity; however, the net effect of complementing bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of allergen-challenged MMP2(-/-)/MMP9(-/-) mice with active MMP2 and MMP9 was to markedly enhance its overall chemotactic activity. In the bronchoalveolar fluid of MMP2(-/-)/MMP9(-/-) allergic mice, we identified several chemotactic molecules that possessed putative MMP2 and MMP9 cleavage sites and were present as higher molecular mass species. In vitro cleavage assays and mass spectroscopy confirmed that three of the identified proteins, Ym1, S100A8, and S100A9, were substrates of MMP2, MMP9, or both. Function-blocking Abs to S100 proteins significantly altered allergic inflammatory cell migration into the alveolar space. Thus, an important effect of MMPs is to differentially modify chemotactic bioactivity through proteolytic processing of proteins present in the airway. These findings provide a molecular mechanism to explain the enhanced clearance of lung inflammatory cells through the airway and reveal a novel approach to target new therapies for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David B. Corry
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
- Department of Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - David A. Engler
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX 77030
| | | | - Philippe Tessier
- Infectious Diseases Research Center and Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Richard G. Cook
- Department of Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Zena Werb
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
- Department of Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
- Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Farrah Kheradmand, Baylor University College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Suite 520B, Houston, TX 77030. E-mail address:
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