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Chen J, Wang S, Yin X, Duan C, Li J, Liu YQ, Zhang Y. Relationship between rumen microbiota and pregnancy toxemia in ewes. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1472334. [PMID: 39397808 PMCID: PMC11466943 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1472334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pregnancy toxemia (PT) is a nutritional metabolic disease of ewes in late pregnancy. This study aimed to reveal the relationship between rumen microbiota and PT. Methods We selected 10 healthy ewes (CON) and 10 pregnancy toxemia ewes (PT) at 135 days of gestation according to the blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), glucose (Glu) concentrations and clinical symptoms. Blood and rumen fluid were collected before morning feeding to determine serum biochemical indices and rumen fermentation parameters. Total DNA of rumen fluid was extracted and the V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA were amplified by PCR for high-throughput sequencing. Results The results showed that the serum concentrations of Glu, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr), acetate, propionate, butyrate, and microbial crude protein (MCP) were decreased (p < 0.05) and the concentrations of BHBA, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), acetate to propionate ratio (A/P), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N)were higher (p < 0.05) in PT ewes than those in CON ewes. 16S rRNA analysis showed the differences of β-diversity were observed in rumen microbiota between CON and PT ewes. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria were higher (p < 0.01), while Firmicutes was lower (p < 0.01) in PT ewes. At the genus level, the relative Prevotella, Butyrivibrio, Ruminococcus, Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group, Lachnospiraceae_ND3007_group, and Oribacterium were lower (p < 0.01) in PT ewes. Meanwhile, the relative abundance of Oribacterium, Butyrivibrio, Ruminococcus, and Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group were positively correlated (p < 0.01) with Glu, INS, acetate, propionate, and butyrate, and negatively correlated (p < 0.01) with BHBA, P, GC, AST, and A/P. Discussion In conclusion, the decrease of Oribacterium, Butyrivibrio, Ruminococcus, and Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group in the rumen of PT ewes reduced the concentrations of volatile fatty acids (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) and serum Glu, and increased BHBA concentration, indicating that the differences in rumen bacteria genera were related to pregnancy toxemia of ewes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Siwei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuejiao Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Chunhui Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yue-qin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Hassan H, Kamr A, Elkholy A, Arbaga A. Conventional and Doppler ultrasonographic diagnosis of subclinical pregnancy toxemia with altered serum cortisol and biochemical parameters in pregnant does. Res Vet Sci 2024; 176:105337. [PMID: 38875888 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis and diagnosis of subclinical pregnancy toxemia (SCPT) remain elusive and need further investigation in pregnant does. Therefore, the aim of our study was to describe the typical properties of hepatic venous hemodynamics by Doppler ultrasonography. A total of 70 pregnant does were classified based on the blood serum concentrations of β-hydroxybutyric acid (βHBA), pregnant does were categorized into control group (βHBA concentrations <0.8 mmol/L; n = 40) and SCPT group (βHBA concentrations >0.8 mmol/L; n = 30). DRAMISKI 4vet slim diagnostic ultrasound scanner with B, M, and Doppler (color, power, pulsing wave) modes was used for diagnosis of SCPT. Total serum cortisol level was quantitative using chemiluminescent immunoassay. Serum glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL and LDL- cholesterol and LDH- cholesterol were measured by colorimetric and kinetic methods. Liver ultrasonography of does with SCPT had been shown mild fatty infiltration with rounded margin, which was characterized by hyperechoic area. There was a significant decrease in the values of portal vein diameter (PVD), portal vein area (PVA), portal mean velocity (PMV) and portal blood flow (PBF) in SCPT does compared to control pregnant does. PVD, PVA and PBF were negatively correlated with βHBA concentrations in does with SCPT (P < 0.05). PVD was inversely associated with serum cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations (P < 0.05). In conclusions, Doppler ultrasonography examinations of pregnant does with SCPT indicate abnormal hepatic variation. Reduced PVD, PVA, PMV and PBF together with increased βHBA concentrations could predict SCPT in does with fair sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Hassan
- Department of Animal Medicine and Infectious Diseases (Animal Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Kamr
- Department of Animal Medicine and Infectious Diseases (Animal Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Abdelsalam Elkholy
- Department of Animal Medicine and Infectious Diseases (Animal Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Ali Arbaga
- Department of Animal Medicine and Infectious Diseases (Animal Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
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Sitaresmi PI, Hudaya MF, Kumala S, Herdis H, Sofyan A, Bintara S, Widyobroto BP, Widayati DT. Effect of short time precise dietary energy-protein in reproductive parameters of local crossbred dairy goats. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023; 10:257-268. [PMID: 37534084 PMCID: PMC10390680 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2023.j677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to establish and focus on the implications of precise energy and protein levels on reproductive performance. This study based on field facts showed that excessive feed intake, especially protein intake, to increase productivity will lead to some decreased reproductive efficiency through disruption of reproductive hormonal compound biosynthesis or increasing blood urea nitrogen (BUN), which has rarely been studied. Materials and Methods Healthy and mature Saanen crossbred goats raised by traditional farmers (2-4 years old; ± 45 kg) were divided into three experimental groups [T0 = basal feed according to the feed provided by farmers, T1 = protein and energy balanced feed according to National Research Council (NRC) (±5%), T2 = feed >20% excess protein, and excess energy from NRC] (n = 75). The factorial method was used in the experimental design with a post-hoc least significant difference test. Results The data showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the biochemical or hormonal parameters between the control and the treatment groups. Also, T1 showed leads in any blood profile and reproductive hormone parameters such as total protein (79.6 ± 5.3 gm/dl), cholesterol (3.26 ± 0.47 mmol/l), progesterone (1.79 ± 2.21 ng/ml), and estrogen (47.85 ± 5.51 pg/ml), as well as the lowest levels of BUN (11.6 ± 1.59 mmol/l) and cortisol (25.07 ± 14.85 ng/ml) levels. T1 had the highest reproductive potential after treatment. Conclusion The adverse effects of high and low protein consumption on reproductive hormones seem to be related to the blood profile and ovarian function, as hormone concentrations change significantly and lead to reproductive impairment. The data showed that balanced nutrient levels (5%/T1) resulted in excellent blood and hormone parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradita Iustitia Sitaresmi
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Firdaus Hudaya
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Seraphina Kumala
- Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Herdis Herdis
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Sofyan
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Sigit Bintara
- Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Budi Prasetyo Widyobroto
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Diah Tri Widayati
- Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Bayne JE. Pregnancy Toxemia Therapeutic Options. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 2023; 39:293-305. [PMID: 37032296 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This review covers the treatment options for pregnancy toxemia in small ruminants. Clinical assessment and detection of underlying metabolic and electrolyte derangements direct resuscitation efforts and provide prognostic indications. Treatment programs are dependent on producer goals and case specifics. Options include oral glucogenic precursors (eg, propylene glycol, glycerol), intravenous glucose solutions, insulin, and other supportive care measures. Induction of parturition or C-section is often carried out to minimize ongoing energy deficits, with variable survival rates. Prolonging gestation to maximize fetal viability often requires intensive care in a hospital setting and carries significant risk to both dam and offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna E Bayne
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, 1500 Wire Road, Auburn, AL, USA.
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Pregnancy Toxemia in Ewes: A Review of Molecular Metabolic Mechanisms and Management Strategies. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020149. [PMID: 36837768 PMCID: PMC9961611 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy toxemia is a nutritional metabolic disease during late gestation in small ruminants. The condition is characterized by disorders in carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Obese and multiparous ewes are particularly susceptible to pregnancy toxemia, which may lead to maternal death, abortion, or premature birth. Highly productive multiparous meat ewes are major breeding animals, which has led to an increased incidence of the disease. However, the pathogenesis of pregnancy toxemia remains unclear and adequate disease prevention and treatment strategies are absent. Investigating the pathogenesis of pregnancy toxemia, especially the metabolic pathways of hepatic lipids, is key to an improved understanding of the condition. This review provides a snapshot of the genes that are associated with lipid metabolism in the ovine liver, including genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, acetyl coenzyme metabolism, and triglyceride synthesis; describes the interrelationships between these genes; and summarizes the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of pregnancy toxemia.
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Maschio ELDSS, Narciso LG, Trevizan JT, Bovino F, Vieira DDS, Mendes LCN, Peiró JR, Alcindo JF, de Almeida BFM, Feitosa FLF. Oxidative stress in newborn kids and does submitted to different antenatal corticosteroid therapy. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fiore E, Lisuzzo A, Tessari R, Spissu N, Moscati L, Morgante M, Gianesella M, Badon T, Mazzotta E, Berlanda M, Contiero B, Fiore F. Milk Fatty Acids Composition Changes According to β-Hydroxybutyrate Concentrations in Ewes during Early Lactation. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051371. [PMID: 34065915 PMCID: PMC8150806 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Ketosis can occur during the last six weeks of gestation and continue to the early weeks of lactation due to an increase in energy requirement. This condition can cause substantial economic issues because of the decrease in production, the cost of medical management, the loss of the mothers and the lambs. A better knowledge of this disorder and its early diagnosis could make treatment more effective and optimize productivity. The aims of this study were to understand the metabolic status of the early-lactating ewes and to identify biomarkers for precocious diagnosis of subclinical ketosis using gas chromatographic technique. Different relationships were found between milk fatty acids and metabolic status of the ewes. Furthermore, 8 potential biomarkers were determined. Abstract Ketosis is a metabolic disease of pregnant and lactating ewes linked to a negative energy balance which can cause different economic losses. The aims of this study were to understand the metabolic status of the early-lactating ewes and to identify biomarkers for early diagnosis of subclinical ketosis. Forty-six Sarda ewes were selected in the immediate post-partum for the collection of the biological samples. A blood sample from the jugular vein was used to determine β-Hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentrations. Animals were divided into two groups: BHB 0 or healthy group (n = 28) with BHB concentration < 0.86 mmol/L; and BHB 1 or subclinical ketosis (n = 18) with a BHB concentration ≥ 0.86 mmol/L. Ten mL of pool milk were collected at the morning milking for the analyses. The concentration of 34 milk fatty acids was evaluated using gas chromatography. Two biochemical parameters and 11 milk fatty acids of the total lipid fraction presented a p-value ≤ 0.05. The study revealed different relationships with tricarboxylic acid cycle, blood flows, immune and nervous systems, cell functions, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress status. Eight parameters were significant for the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis with an area under the curve greater than 0.70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Fiore
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell’ Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.L.); (R.T.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (T.B.); (E.M.); (M.B.); (B.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anastasia Lisuzzo
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell’ Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.L.); (R.T.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (T.B.); (E.M.); (M.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Rossella Tessari
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell’ Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.L.); (R.T.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (T.B.); (E.M.); (M.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Nicoletta Spissu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Livia Moscati
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Umbria and Marche, Via G. Salvemini, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Massimo Morgante
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell’ Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.L.); (R.T.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (T.B.); (E.M.); (M.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Matteo Gianesella
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell’ Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.L.); (R.T.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (T.B.); (E.M.); (M.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Tamara Badon
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell’ Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.L.); (R.T.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (T.B.); (E.M.); (M.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Elisa Mazzotta
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell’ Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.L.); (R.T.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (T.B.); (E.M.); (M.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Michele Berlanda
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell’ Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.L.); (R.T.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (T.B.); (E.M.); (M.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Barbara Contiero
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell’ Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (A.L.); (R.T.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (T.B.); (E.M.); (M.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Filippo Fiore
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.S.); (F.F.)
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Kaçar C, Kaya S, Kuru M, Erkılıç EE, Öğün M, Oral H, Demir MC. Determination of natural antibodies, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, and non-esterified fatty acid levels in the serum of peripartum Tuj and Hemşin sheep. Vet World 2021; 14:1002-1006. [PMID: 34083952 PMCID: PMC8167533 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1002-1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Many metabolic and immunological changes occur during the transition period. Innate immunity plays an important role against to infections and natural antibodies (NAb) are important in immunity. This study aims to determine a connection between serum NAb titers, beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations in Tuj and Hemşin sheep during the peripartum period. Materials and Methods: Serum NAb, BHBA, and NEFA levels were determined from the blood samples collected from Tuj and Hemşin sheep on days 30 and 15 before birth, on the day of birth (day 0), and on days 15 and 30 after birth. Results: NAb titers were found to be higher in Tuj than in Hemşin sheep (p<0.001). No statistically significant difference was found in serum BHBA concentrations of both breeds on all sampling days (p>0.05). The serum NEFA level was lower in Tuj sheep in the last 15 days of pregnancy compared to Hemşin sheep (p<0.05), while no difference was found in samples collected at the other time points. Conclusion: This study indicated that serum NAb titers significantly changed in Tuj and Hemşin sheep during the transition period. Serum BHBA and NEFA concentrations increased during the last stages of pregnancy and decreased after birth. Based on these findings, it is suggested that the immunological status could vary by the breed of sheep or various factors that affect the sheep’s metabolic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihan Kaçar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100 Kars, Turkey
| | - Semra Kaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100 Kars, Turkey
| | - Mushap Kuru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100 Kars, Turkey
| | - Ekin Emre Erkılıç
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100 Kars, Turkey
| | - Metin Öğün
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100 Kars, Turkey
| | - Hasan Oral
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100 Kars, Turkey
| | - Murat Can Demir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100 Kars, Turkey
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Zamuner F, DiGiacomo K, Cameron AWN, Leury BJ. Short communication: Associations between nonesterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, and glucose in periparturient dairy goats. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:6672-6678. [PMID: 32331887 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to use longitudinal data to examine the relationships between blood concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and glucose during the transition period in dairy goats. Weekly blood samples were collected from Saanen goats from a commercial herd in Australia [1-7 yr; body weight 70 ± 16.0 kg; body condition score 2.5 ± 0.3; and daily milk yield 2.4 ± 0.73 L/d; all mean ± standard deviation (SD)]. The weekly prevalence of goats above hyperketonemic levels (BHB ≥0.8 mmol/L) was approximately 6 times greater postpartum than antepartum. As well, of the 935 goats sampled antepartum, 50 (5%) had at least 1 hyperketonemic event, and 823 (88%) had at least 1 event of NEFA above the threshold (≥0.3 mmol/L). Of 847 goats tested postpartum, 258 (30%) had at least 1 hyperketonemic event, and 690 goats (81%) had at least 1 event of NEFA above the threshold (≥ 0.7 mmol/L). Substantial variation was found when analyzing the mean days of maximum NEFA and maximum BHB concentrations antepartum (-11 ± 6.6 and -14 ± 7.2 d, respectively, mean ± SD) and postpartum (14 ± 6.6 and 9 ± 6.8 d, respectively, mean ± SD). We observed moderate to strong relationships between NEFA and BHB concentrations (r = 0.66) and between NEFA and glucose concentrations (r = -0.46) throughout the transition period. Our results suggested that 3 to 16 d in milk is the best sampling window for monitoring hyperketonemia in dairy goats, and that results from simultaneous BHB and glucose tests provide an improved indication of the fat mobilization and energy status of the herd when measured close to this timeframe.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zamuner
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - K DiGiacomo
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - A W N Cameron
- Meredith Dairy Pty Ltd., 106 Cameron Rd., Meredith, Victoria 3333, Australia
| | - B J Leury
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Marutsova VJ, Binev RG. Changes in blood enzyme activities and some liver parameters in goats with subclinical ketosis. BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.15547/bjvm.2175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to establish the changes in blood enzyme activities and some liver parameters in goats from the Saanen breed in different physiological conditions with subclinical ketosis (SCK). A total of 113 dairy goats with yearly milk yield of 680 L, in their 2nd to 3rd lactation were included in the study. The goats were divided in three groups: pregnant; recently kidded and lactating. Blood samples were obtained from all animals for determination of β-hydroxybutyrate (ВНВА), glucose (mmol/L), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT, U/L), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT, U/L), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, U/L), alkaline phosphatase (AР, U/L), creatine kinase (CK, U/L), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT, U/L), total protein (TP, g/L), albumin (ALB, g/L) and total bilirubin (TB, μmol/L). The animals were classified as healthy (control) and with SCK according to their blood BHBA levels. Blood BHBA concentrations indicative for clinical ketosis (ВНВА <1.6 mmol/L) were not established in goats from the three groups. Blood biochemical analysis of activities of ASAT, ALAT, LDH, АP, CK and GGT in goats from the three groups with SCK demonstrated a various extent of statistically significant hyperenzymaemia vs control groups. The concentrations of total bilirubin were statistically significantly elevated vs healthy groups, while blood glucose, total protein and albumin values decreased, in result of the impaired liver function in goats with SCK.
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