Clinical Food Addiction Is Not Associated with Development of Metabolic Complications in Liver Transplant Recipients

From Listing to Recovery: A Review of Nutritional Status Assessment and Management in Liver Transplant Patients

Liver transplantation (LT) is a complex surgical procedure requiring thorough pre- and post-operative planning and care. The nutritional status of the patient before, during, and after LT is crucial to surgical success and long-term prognosis. This review aims to assess nutritional status assessment and management before, during, and after LT, with a focus on patients who have undergone bariatric surgery. We performed a comprehensive topic search on MEDLINE, Ovid, In-Process, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed up to March 2023. It identifies key factors influencing the nutritional status of liver transplant patients, such as pre-existing malnutrition, the type and severity of liver disease, comorbidities, and immunosuppressive medications. The review highlights the importance of pre-operative nutritional assessment and intervention, close nutritional status monitoring, individualised nutrition care plans, and ongoing nutritional support and monitoring after LT. The review concludes by examining the effect of bariatric surgery on the nutritional status of liver transplant recipients. The review offers valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities for optimising nutritional status before, during, and after LT.

Prevalence and correlates of food addiction: Systematic review of studies with the YFAS 2.0

BACKGROUND

Research on food addiction (FA) has been growing and increasing interest has been seen in comprehending its mechanisms and clinical and psychological correlates of this phenomena. This field of study is specially apply to understand obesity and eating behavior issues related to eating disorders (ED).

OBJECTIVES

We performed a literature review that describe recent research using the updated version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS 2.0) or modified-YFAS (mYFAS 2.0), from the date of its publication.

METHODS

Search were performed in Web of Science, Pubmed and PsycNET databases for studies that used the YFAS 2.0 and mYFAS 2.0.

RESULTS

The studies (n = 53) investigated adaptation and validation of the scale in different cultures (n = 13), prevalence on nonclinical populations and representative samples (n = 5), food addiction in obesity samples (n = 11), in samples with ED and disordered eating (n = 10) and studies that investigated FA in association with other clinical and psychological variables (n = 14).

DISCUSSION

Studies with the YFAS 2.0 reveal higher prevalence of FA in different samples, and a great association between FA and BED, BN and obesity. Implications for diagnostic of this phenomena and the overlap between FA and other disorders are discussed.

CONCLUSIONS

The field of FA remains an open subject and effort must be implied to understand the subjective experience of addiction related to eating and food.

Application of triazoles as bioisosteres and linkers in the development of microtubule targeting agents

The triazole ring system has emerged as an exciting prospect in the optimization studies of promising lead molecules in the quest for new drugs for clinical usage. Several marketed drugs possess these versatile moieties that are used in a wide range of medical indications. This stems from the unique intrinsic properties of triazoles, which impart stability to the basic pharmacophoric unit with an added advantage of being a bioisostere of different chemical functionalities. In the last decade, the use of triazoles as bioisosteres and linkers in the development of microtubule targeting agents has been extensively investigated. The present review highlights the advances in this promising area of drug discovery and development.

Nutrition, dietary intake, and eating behavior after liver transplantation

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

Nutritional status of patients after liver transplantation is affected by dietary intake and this, in turn, is affected by eating behavior. The present review will highlight recent studies on these topics after liver transplantation.

RECENT FINDINGS

Malnutrition drops significantly after liver transplantation. Recovery of weight lost during liver disease occurs within 1 year. Liver transplantation recipients gain weight up to the second or third year, often becoming overweight and obese. Muscle mass may not recover completely, and sarcopenia could increase within 1 year after liver transplantation. Some studies, but not all, demonstrated modifications of food intake before and after liver transplantation. A positive energy balance was found in the first year, and a greater energy intake along time after liver transplantation, although some authors mentioned potential underreporting of the true consumption, mainly among people overweight/obese. Dietary survey methods are unable to detect eating behavior, resulting in a lack of data. Weight gain and obesity were related to higher scores for patterns of eating behaviors after liver transplantation. Food deprivation in the pretransplantation period and psychological factors could affect eating behavior and consequently food intake and nutritional status of liver transplantation patients.

SUMMARY

Understanding eating behavior after liver transplantation could be key knowledge regarding dietary intake and its impact on nutritional modifications occurring after liver transplantation.